雅思4聽力文本(可編輯打印)

Test4-1listening

SECTION4-1-1

MAN:Goodmorning.

WOMAN:Goodmorning.HowcanIhelpyou?

MAN:Iunderstandthattheschoolorganises...umm,tripstodifferent...

WOMAN:Yes,werunfiveeverymonth:threeduringweekendsandtwoWednesdayafternoontrips.Exarnpl

MAN:Whatsortofplaces?

WOMAN:Well,obviouslyitvaries,butalwaysplacesofhistoricalinterestandalsowhichoffer

avarietyofshopping,becauseourstudentsalwaysaskaboutthat...andthenwegoforonesQ1

whereweknowthereareguidedtours,becausethisgivesagoodfocusforthevisit.Q2

MAN:Doyoutravelfar?

WOMAN:Well,we’reluckyhere,obviously,becausewe’reabletosaythatallourvisitsarelessthan

threehoursdrive.

MAN:Howmuchdotheycost?

WOMAN:Againitvaries-betweenfiveandfifteenpoundsahead,dependingondistance.

MAN:Ahha...

WOMAN:Oh,andwedooffertoarrangespecialtripsif,youknow,therearemorethantwelvepeople.Q3

MAN:Ohright,I’llkeepthatinmind.Andwhatarethetimesnormally?

WOMAN:Wetrytokeepitprettyfixedsothat,thatstudentsgettoknowthepattern.

Weleaveateight-thirtya.m.andreturnatsixp.m.Wefigureit’sbesttokeepthedayfairlyshort.

MAN:Ohyes.Andhowdowereserveaplace?

WOMAN:Yousignyournameonthenoticeboard.Doyouknowwhereitis?Q4

MAN:Ahha.Isawitthismorning.

WOMAN:Andwedoaskthatyousignupthreedaysinadvancesoweknowwe’vegotenoughpeople

interestedtorunit,andwecancancelifnecessary,withfullrefundofcourse.

MAN:That’sfine,thanks.

MAN:Andwhatvisitsareplannedforthisterm?

WOMAN:Right,wellI’mafraidtheschedulehasn’tbeenprintedoutyet,butwehaveconfirmedthedates

andplannedtheoptionalextravisitswhichyoucanalsobookinadvanceifyouwantto.

MAN:Ohthat’sallright.IfyoucanjustgivesomeideaoftheweekendonessoIcan,youknow,

workoutwhentoseefriends,etcetera.

WOMAN:Ohsure.Well,thefirstoneisStIves.That’sonthethirteenthofFebruaryandQ5

we’llhaveonlysixteenplacesavailable`coswe’regoingbyminibus.Andthat’sadayintownwith

theoptionalextraofvisitingtheHepworthMuseum.

MAN:Ohright...yeah...thatsoundsgood.

WOMAN:Thenthere’saLondontriponthesixteenthofFebruaryandwe’llbetakingamedium-sizedcoach

sothere’llbeforty-fiveplacesonthat,and,let’ssee,theoptionalextraistheTowerofLondon.Q6

MAN:Oh,I’vealreadybeenthere.-

WOMAN:Afterthatthere’sBristolonthethirdofMarch.Q7

MAN:Where?

WOMAN:Bristol...B-R-I-S-T-O-L.

MAN:OK...

WOMAN:That’sinadifferentminibuswitheighteenplacesavailable,oh,andtheoptionalextraisavisitto

theS.S.GreatBritain.

MAN:OK...

WOMAN:We’regoingtoSalisburyontheeighteenthofMarchandthat’salwaysapopularonebecause

theoptionalextraisStonehenge,sowe’retakingthelargecoachwithfiftyseats.

MAN:Ohgood.

WOMAN:AndthenthelastoneistoBathonthetwenty-thirdofMarch.

MAN:Ohyes.IsBaththeRomancity?

WOMAN:Yes,that’sright,andthat’sinthesixteen-seaterminibus.

MAN:Andwhere’stheoptionalvisit?

WOMAN:It’stotheAmericanMuseum-wellworthavisit.Q8

MAN:OK,wellthat’sgreat,thanksforallthat...

WOMAN:Mypleasure.Bytheway,ifyouwantmoreinformationaboutanyofthetrips,

havealookinthestudentnewspaper.Q9

MAN:OK.

WOMAN:Or,haveawordwithmyassistant;hernameisJaneYentob-that’sY-E-N-T-O-B.Q10

MAN:Right,I’vegotthatThankyouverymuchforallyourhelp.

WOMAN:You’reverywelcome.Ihopeyouenjoythetrips.

SECTION4-1-2

GoodafternooneverybodyandwelcometoRiversideIndustrialVillage.TostartyourvisitI’mjustgoingtogiveyouabriefaccountofthehistoryofthemuseumbeforelettingyouroamaboutonyourown.Iwon’tkeepyoulong.OK?

Now,fromwherewe’restandingyou’vegotagoodviewoftheriveroverthere.Anditwasbecauseof

thisfast-flowingwaterthatthissitewasanaturalplaceformanufacturingworks.Thewaterandtheavailability

ofrawmaterialsinthearea,likemineralsandironore,andalsotheabundanceoflocalfuels,likecoalandfirewood,allmadethissitesuitableforindustryfromaveryearlytime.Q11

Waterwasthemainsourceofpowerfortheearlyindustriesandsomeofthewaterwheelswerefirst

establishedinthetwelfthcentury,wouldyoubelieve?Atthattime,localcraftsmenfirstbuiltanironforgeQ12

justbehindthevillagehere,onthebendintheriver.Bytheseventeenthandeighteenthcenturiestheregion’sriverssupportedmorethanahundredandwatermills-andmanyofthesecontinuedtooperatewellintoQ13

thenineteenthcentury.Butthenthesteamenginewasinventedandthentherailwayscameandthecentresof

industrywereabletomoveawayfromtheriversandthecountrysideandintothetowns.So,industrialvillageslikethisonebecameveryrare.

Sothat’sthehistoryforyou.Ifyou’dlikeanymoreinformation,youcanaskmesomequestions,oryoucanreadfurtherinourexcellentguidebook.

NowI’mgoingtogiveyouaplanofthesiteandI’djustliketopointoutwhereeverythingisandthenyoucantakealookateverythingforyourself.

I’vealreadypointedouttheriver,whichisontheleft.Andofcourse,runningalongthebottomisQ14

WoodsideRoad,gotit?OK.Nowwe’restandingattheentrance,seeitatthebottom,andimmediatelytoourrightistheTicketOffice.Youwon’tneedthatbecauseyou’vegotyourgroupbooking,Q15

butjustpastitarethetoilets-alwaysgoodtoknowwhere-theyare.Infrontofusisthecarpark,asyoucansee,andtotheleft,bytheentrygateistheGiftShop.That’swhereyoucangetcopiesoftheguide,Q16

likethisonehere.Now,beyondthecarparkallthebuildingsarearrangedinahalfcirclewithayardinthemiddle.Thebig,stonebuildingatthetopisthemainWorkshop.Q17

That’swherethefurnaceisandwhereallthemetalwassmeltedandthetoolswerecast,asyou’llbeabletosee.

Now,inthetopright-handcorner,thatbuildingwithbiggerwindowsistheShowroom,Q18

wheresamplesofallthetoolsthatweremadethroughtheagesareondisplay.InthetopleftcorneristheGrindingShop,wherethetoolsweresharpenedandfinished.AndononesideofthatyoucanseetheEngineRoomandontheotheristheCafe,whichisn’tanantique,you’llbepleasedtoknow,Q19

thoughtheydoserveveryniceold-fashionedteas.

Therowofbuildingsyoucanseeontheleftarethecottages.ThesewerebuiltfortheworkersQ20

towardstheendoftheeighteenthcenturyandthey’restillfurnishedfromthatperiodsoyoucangetagoodidea

ofordinarypeople’slivingconditions.Acrosstheyardfromthem,youcanseethestableswherethehorseswerekeptfortransportingtheproducts.AndtheseparatebuildinginfrontofthemistheWorksOfficeandthat-stillhassomeoftheoldaccountsondisplay.

Right,ifanyonewantsaguidedtourthenI’mstartingattheEngineRoom.Ifyou’dliketocomealong,thiswayplease,ladiesandgentlemen.

TEST4-2

SECTION4-2-1

SALLY:Oh,Peter,thereyouare.You’vebeenages.Whatkeptyousolong?

PETER:I’msorryI’msolate,Sally.Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?Example

SALLY:Oh,halfanhour.Butitdoesn’tmatter.I’vehadacoffeeandI’vebeenreadingthisguidebook

fortourists.Sitdown.Youlookveryhotandtired.Whatwouldyouliketodrink?

PETER:I’dloveareallychilledmineralwaterorsomething.Willyouhaveanothercoffee?Q1

SALLY:Yes,Iwill.Thewaitresswillbebackinamoment.Whywereyousolate?Didsomethinghappen?

PETER:Yes.YouknowIwenttothebanktocashsometravellerscheques?Well,theexchangeratewas

lookinghealthy,butwhenIwenttotheteller,theytoldmethecomputersystemwastemporarily

down,sotheycouldn’tdoanytransactions.Q2

Theysaidtheproblemwouldbefixedinafewminutes,soIwaited.AndthenIstartedtalkingto

anotherguyinthebank,andIforgotthetime.

SALLY:Oh,really?Someoneyoumetinthebank?Doesheworkthere?

PETER:No,hewasatouristfromNewYork.Hisname’sHenry,andhe’sbeenhereforaweek,Q3

buthe’smovingontoGermanytomorrow.He’sanarchitect,andhe’sspendingfourweeks

travelingaroundEurope.

SALLY:Justlikeus!

PETER:Yeah,justlikeus.Hetoldmethenamesofsomeplaceswhereweshouldeat.Greatfood,

andnottooexpensive,hesaid.Oh,andhealsogavemethismapofthebussystem.Q4

Hesaidhedidn’tneeditanymore.

SALLY:That’suseful.Pityhe’smovingontomorrow.Ah,here’sthewaitress.Let’sorder.

Doyouwantanythingtoeat,orshallwejusthaveadrink?

PETER:Well,I’mhungry,andwe’vegotalotofsightseeingtodo,solet’sjusthaveasnackandadrink.Q5

SALLY:Soundsgoodtomc!

PETER:Well,let’sdecidewhatwe’llseetoday.IguessthebestplacetostartistheCathedral,

andthentheCastle.Whataretheopeningtimesforthosetwo?

SALLY:Well,accordingtothisguidebook,theCathedralisonlyopenfromnine-thirtyinthemorning

untilmidday.No,hangon.That’stheCathedralMuseum.TheCathedralitselfisopenmorningand

afternoon.TheCastleisjustopenfromonetofive,sowecan’tgothereuntilafterlunch.Q6

IreallywanttospendsometimeintheArtGallery,becausethey’vegotthiswonderfulpaintingby

RembrandtthatI’vealwayswantedtosee.

PETER:Whatelseshouldwesee?

SALLY:Well,theguidebooksaystheBotanicalGardensareworthspendingsometimein,andthey’reopen

allday,fromeighttosix,sowecangothereanytime.I’dliketogototheMarketsneartherivertoo,

but...oh...no,wait,that’sonlyinthemornings,too.

PETER:Aswellastodayandtomorrow,wecanseesomeotherplacesonMonday,youknow.

ButIdon’tthinktheMarketswillbeopenthentheyonlyopenonThursdays,Q7

sowe’vemissedthemforthisweek.MaybeweshouldgototheCathedraltodaybecause

it’sSundaytomorrow,andeventhoughit’sopeneverydayitmightbemoredifficultto

getintomorrowbecauseofthechurchservices.

SALLY:That’strue,buttheArtGalleryisn’topenonSundaysatall,sowe’llhavetogotheretoday.

TheCastle’sopeneverydayexceptMondays,sowe’reOKthere,andtheGardensofcourse

onlycloseatnight.

PETER:Arealltheseplacesfreeordowehavetopaytogoin?Whatdoestheguidebooksay?

SALLY:Ithinkthere’sachargeforallofthemexcepttheBotanicalGardens.Oh,andtheMarkets,Q8

ofcourseyoudon’tpaytogoin.

PETER:OK,well,itlookslikeourplanisthis:we’llgotoseethepaintingyoulikefirst,theRembrandt,Q9

thenhavelunchandgoontotheCastleafterthat,andthentheCathedral.

SALLY:OK.ItsaysherethattheroofoftheCathedralisreallybeautiful.

PETER:Isthatright?WhatIreallywanttodoattheCathedralisclimbthetower.Q10

Theviewissupposedtobespectacular.

SALLY:OK,well,that’llbemorethanenoughfortoday.Then,tomorrow,let’sgototheBotanicalGardens

andhaveapicnic.Iwanttositbytheriverandwatchtheswans.Thiscity’sfamousforthem.

SECTION4-2-2

Sothecounsellingservicesweofferdealwithanyproblemsarisingfromyourstudies,orinyourlifeoutsidetheuniversity.Let’stakeacademiccounselling.Ifyou’reconfusedaboutsubjectsorhowtocombinetheminyourdegree,thenwecanadviseyouanddiscussthecareeryouareaimingfor,sothatyoucanseeitallincontext.Wecanalsochaseupyourtutorifyou’renotgettingproperfeedbackonhowyouaregettingoninyoursubject.Q11

Besideshelpwithacademicproblems,youmayalsoneedpersonalcounselling:ifyouthinkyou’realreadyunderstress,well,justwaittillclassesbeginnextweek.You’llhavetostartadjustingtoteachingandlearningmethodsthatmaybeunfamiliartoyou,aswellasthemountingpressureasthedeadlineforthatfirstassignmentcreepsuponyou.Andofcourse,youhavetocopewithallthiswithoutyourusualQ12

socialnetwork-youknow,thesocialcontacts,familyandfriendsyoucouldnormallyrelyonforhelp.Q13

Allofthiscausesanxiety.Studyingoverseascantriggerapersonalcrisis-youmayhaveleftalotofwhatyou

mightcall`unfinishedbusiness’backinyourowncountry,oryoumayhaveinterruptedpersonalQ14

relationshipsorevensometimeshavebrokenthemofftocomeoverseas,andsothestudentoftenfeelslonely,

unhappy,unmotivatedandunabletoconcentrateonstudying.Ortheremaybeotherthingsbotheringyou.

Ourresidentchaplaincanofferyouspiritualguidanceifthat’swhatyouwant,orwecanputyouintouchwith

communitygroupsthatcanprovideyouwithsocialcontactsandfriendship.

Whataboutexamstress?Itaffectsnearlyeveryonetosomeextent,butespeciallyoverseasstudentslikeyourselves.Theremaybeahugeamountoffamilypressureonyoutosucceed,andifyoufailasubjector

dropoutofacoursebecauseit’stoodifficultthenyourself-esteemcansuffer.Q15

Butit’snottheendoftheworldifyoudon’tpassanexam-IhadtoresitFirstYearAnthropology,

soIcancertainlyofferyouasympatheticear!Anyway,examfailurecanleadtoworryingchangesintheway

younormallybehave.Youmayalso-beoffyourfood,oryoumayhavedietaryproblemsbecause

thelocalfoodisnottoyourlikingandupsetsyou,andthiscanaffectyourhealthandstudies.Q16

GlendaRobertsisourdieticianintheHealthServiceandwecanputyouontoher.

Andweallhavemoneyproblems,don’twe?Butremember,full-timestudentscangetalow-interestloan

ofuptosixhundreddollarstobuybooksandforsimilarstudy-relatedexpenses.Q17

That’sright,andyoucangetdoublethatamountifyoucan’taffordanitemofequipmentyouneed

foryourcourse-amusicalinstrument,forexample.Anditdoesn’tstopthere.Whenyoumoveintoaflat,Q18

starting-upexpenses,includingfurnitureforit,canbecoveredbyaloanthroughtheWelfareService-seeJillFreemanfordetails.

Canwehelpyou?Well,lastacademicyear,inspiteofstaffcuts,wecounselledQ19

twohundredandfortyinternationalstudentsforatotaloftwenty-sixhundredhourscounselling,and,

finallywewonallbutjustoneofthetwelveappealsthatwelaunchedonbehalfofstudents.Nottoobadforanunderstaffedservice,don’tyouthink?That’sallfromme.Thankyou.Q20

SECTION4-2-3

ROSA:Oh,thereyouare,good.SorryI’mabitlate-therewasalongqueue.

So,haveyouworkedouthowtodealwiththisassignmentthen?

MICK:Notyet,we’veonlybeenhereacoupleofminutesourselves.

ROSA:Canyoujustremindmewhatthetaskisexactly?

PETE:Well,therearetwo,no,three,partstoit:first;we’vegottowriteanessayaboutwaysof

collectingdata.Then...

ROSA:`What’sthetitleoftheessayexactly?

MICK:I’vegotithere:`Assessthetwomainmethodsofcollecting_datainsocialscienceresearch’.Q21

ROSA:Andhowmuchdoweneedtowrite?

MICK:Fifteenhundredwords.That’sfortheessay.Then,forthesecondpartoftheassignment,Q22

wehavetochooseonemethodofdatacollection,and`carryoutasmall-scalestudy,

makingappropriateuseofthemethodchosentogatherdatafromatleastfivesubjects’.Q23

ROSA:Andthenwehavetowriteareportonthestudy?

PETE:That’sright,ofthreetofourthousandwords.Q24

ROSA:Didyougetasfarasdiscussingwhichformofdatacollectionweshouldgofor-questionnaireor

interview,isn’tit?

MICK:Yeah,Ithinkweshoulduseaquestionnaire.It’llbesomuchlesstime-consumingthanorganising

interviews,Ireckon.Oncewe’veagreedonthewordingofit,weonlyhavetosenditoutand

waitfortheresponses.

ROSA:Yes,Ithinkitprobablywouldbequicker.Butwhatdidthatarticlehegaveuslastweek

sayaboutthequalityofdatafromquestionnaires?

MICK:I’mprettysureitrecommendedquestionnairesasasourceof`highlyreliabledata’.

Aslongasyoudesignthequestionnaireproperlyinthefirstplace,thedatawillbefine.

ROSA:No,I’msureittalkedaboutdrawbacksaswell,didn’tit?SomethingabouttheresponserateandQ25

theproblemsyougetifit’stoolow.

MICK:Yeah,butweonlyneeddatafromfivesubjectsanyway.

ROSA:Isupposeso.AnotherdrawbackIrememberitmentionedwasthatquestionnairedatatendsnottoQ26

revealanythingunexpected,becauseitislimitedtothequestionsfixedinadvancebytheresearcher.

MICK:Comeon,Rosa.Thisisonlyapractice.It’snotmeanttoberealresearch,isit?

ROSA:Well,I’mnotsureaboutthat.

ROSA:MaybeI’dbettergothroughthearticleagain,justtobesure.Canyourememberwhatitwascalled?

MICK:`SampleSurveysinSocialScienceResearch’,Ithink.ByMebta.Q27

ROSA:M-E-H-T-A?

MICK:Yeah.Andhealsorecommendedamorerecentbook,called`SurveyResearch’,byBell,Ithink.Q28

It’sinthatseriespublishedbyLondonUniversity.Q29

PETE:Andifwetriedtouseinterviewsinstead,Isawabookinthedepartmentallibrarythat’llbehelpful:

it’scalled`Interviewsthatwork’,byWilson,publishedinOxfordinnineteeneighty-eight.Q30

ROSA:Right.I’vegotatutorialnow.Canwemeetupagainlaterthisweek?WhataboutFridaymorning?

PETE:Suitsme.Eleveno’clock?

ROSA:Fine.

MICK:BeforeFriday,Ithinkweshouldalllookthroughthereadinglist.

SECTION4-2-4

Sofar,intheselectures,we’vebeenlookingatcrimeslikerobberyandmurder-bothfromahistoricalviewpointandalsoincontemporarysociety-andwe’veseenthatthepreoccupationinWesternsocietywithcrimeandwithlawlessnessispartofalongandcontinuoustradition,ratherthansomethingwhichisnewanduniquetomodernsociety.

Butoverthepastseventyyearsorso,therehasbeenamassiveincreaseinonetypeofcrime,whichiswhat’sknownas`corporatecrime’.Corporatecrimeiscrimewhich,asthenamesuggests,isconnectedwithcompanies,withbusinessorganisations.ItincludesillegalactsofeitherindividualsoragroupwithinQ31

thecompany,butwhatisimportantisthattheseactsarenormallyinaccordancewiththegoalsofthecompany-they’reforthegoodofthecompanyratherthantheindividual.It’sbeendefinedas,quote,`crimewhichiscommittedforthecorporateorganisation’-thecompany-`notagainstit’,unquote.

Socrimesliketheftbyemployees-thingslikeembezzlementorfraudagainstone’sactualemployerQ32

areexcludedaccordingtothisdefinition.Theemployeesmaybeinvolvedbutthey’reactinginthefirstplaceforthecompany-theymaynotevenrealisethey’recommittingacrimeortheymayrealisebuttheyfeelit’sexcusablebecauseit’spolicy,orbecauseotherwisetheymaylosetheirjobs.Sohere,really,we’retalkingaboutthelinksbetweenpowerandcrime.

Now,thisisoneareathatmuchlessisgenerallyknownaboutthanconventionalortraditionalcrime.

Ithasbeenrelativelyignoredbythemassmedia-forexample,ittendstobeunder-reportedincomparisonQ33

withconventionalcrimeinnewsbroadcasts,andincrimeserialsandfilmsandsoon-theyveryrarelydealwith

corporatecrime.Anditalsotendstobeignoredinacademiccircles-there’sbeenfarmoreresearchonQ34

conventionalcrimeandfarmoredataisavailable.

Thereareseveralreasonsforthislackofinterestincorporatecrime,comparedwithothertypesofcrime.

It’softenverycomplex,whereaswithconventionalcrimeit’susuallypossibletofollowwhat’sgoingonwithoutspecialistknowledge.Aswellasthis,whereasconventionalcrimeusuallyhasalotofQ35

humaninterest,corporatecrimeoftenhasmuchless.Thethirdreason,andpossiblythemostsignificantone,

isthatveryoftenthevictimsareunaware-theythinktheirmisfortuneisanaccidentorthatit’sthefaultofQ36

no-oneinparticular.They’reunawarethatthey’vebeenvictimsofacrime.

So,whenwelookattheeffectsofcorporatecrimewemayfindit’sverydifficulttoassessthecosts.

Butthesecostscanbeveryconsiderableinboththeireconomicandsocialaspects.

Let’slookattheeconomiccostsfirst.Forexample,ifacompanyisproducingfruitjuiceanditdilutes

itsproductsothatit’sjustalittlebelowtheconcentrationitshouldbe,manymillionsofpeoplemaybepayingasmallamountextrafortheircartonoforangejuice.Nowsmallamountslikethismayseeminsignificantfor

individualcustomers-toosmalltoworryabout-butforthecompanythisdeceptionmightresultinQ37

massiveillegalprofit.However,allstudiesofcorporatecrimeagreethattheindividualsareinfactQ38

deprivedoffarmoremoneybysuchcrimethantheyarebyconventionalcrimelikerobberyandtheft.

Inadditiontothis,wehavetoconsiderthesocialcostsofcorporatecrimeandtheseareagainverydifficulttoassess,buttheyareconsiderable.They’reimportantbecausetheycanunderminethefaithofthepublicinthebusinessworldandalso,moreimportantly,becausethemaingroupofpeopletheyaffectare,

infact,nottherichersectionsofsocietybutthepoorer-soherecompaniesarerobbingthepoortobenefittherich.

TherearetwomorepointstodowithcorporatecrimethatI’dliketoillustratewithreferenceto

aspecificeventwhichoccurredseveralyearsago.Thiswasanexplosionofalargeoiltankerwhichcaused

thelossofmorethanfiftylivesofthecrew.Itwasanexplosionwhichnevershouldhavehappenedandasubsequentinquirylaidtheblamenotonanyonewhohadactuallybeenonthetankeratthetime,butontheownersofthetanker.Theyhaddeliberatelydecidednottocarryoutnecessaryrepairworkonthetankerasitwasduetobesold,anditwasthislackofrepairworkwhichwasdirectlyresponsiblefortheexplosion.

Nowthisillustratestwopointstodowithcorporatecrime.Firstofall,thatitdoesnothavetobeintentional.Theownersofthetankercertainlydidnotintendittoexplode.Butveryseriousconsequencescanresultfrompeopleororganisationsnotconsideringthepossibleresultsoftheiractionsseriouslyenough.

Themaincrimeherewasindifferencetothehumanresultsratherthanactualintentiontoharmanyone.Q39

butthatdidn’tmaketheresultsanylesstragic.&Q40

Andthisleadsmetomysecondpoint-thatcorporatecrimecanhaveverysevereconsequences.

It’snotjustamatterofcompaniesmakingbiggerprofitsthantheyshoulddo,butofeventswhichmayaffectthelivesofinnocentpeople,andyetveryoftencompanies,becausetheysaytheydidn’tintendtoharmanyone,

canavoidtakingresponsibilityfortheresultsoftheiractions.Andthathasbeenaverydangerousloopholeinthelaw.

Afurtherexampleofcorporatecrimewas...(fadeour)

TEST4-3

SECTION4-3-1

LYNDA:Sara,I’veheardthatyouwanttomoveintoahomestayfamily.Isthatcorrect?

SARA:Yes,that’sright.I’vebeenstayingwithmyauntandnowmycousinisarrivingfromSingapore

andmyauntneedstheroomforhim.

LYNDA:Oh,that’sbadluck.Well,I’llneedtogetsomeparticularsfirst.Sara,what’syourfullname?

SARA:SaraLim,andthat’sSarawithoutthe`h’attheend.Example

LYNDA:Mmm.Howoldareyou,Sara?

SARA:Twenty-three,onlyjust.Itwasmybirthdayonthetwenty-firstofAugust.

LYNDA:HappyBirthdayforyesterday.HowlonghaveyoubeeninAustralia?

SARA:AyearinAdelaideandsixmonthsinSydney.IpreferSydney,I’vegotmorefriendshere.Q1

LYNDA:What’syouraddressatyouraunt’shouse?

SARA:Flatone,fivethreenineFRoad,CanterburyAndthepostcodeistwo,o,three,six.Q2

LYNDA:OK.Whatareyoustudyingnow?

SARA:IwasstudyingGeneralEnglishinAdelaideandnowI’mdoingAcademicEnglish,Q3

becauseI’mtryingtogetintoMedicinenextyear.

LYNDA:Thatsoundsgood,butit’lltakeyoualongtime.Whenwouldyouliketomoveoutfromyouraunt’s?

SARA:MycousinarrivesonFridaymorning,soI’dbetterbeoutonThursday.Q4

LYNDA:What,theseventhofSeptember?

SARA:Yes,that’sright.

LYNDA:Thatdoesn’tleaveusmuchtime.Right,OK.Ineedtoknowwhatkindofaccommodationyou’dlike,

soIcangetyousomethingsuitable.

SARA:CanIsharearoomwithsomeoneelse?I’vebeenaloneinmyroomatmyaunt’sandQ5

I’vealwayssharedwithmysisterandIlikethat.

LYNDA:Yes,fine.That’llsaveyoumoneytoo.Wouldyouliketolivewithafamilyordoyouthinkthat

asinglepersonwouldbebetterforyou?Ihavelotsofverynicesinglepeopleonmybooks.Q6

SARA:Doyouhaveanywomenlivingalone,retiredwomen?

LYNDA:Yes,Ihavequiteafewwhosechildrenhavegrownupandlefthome.Infact,Ihavesomereally

lovelyretiredladies,livingbythemselves,whojustlovethecompanyofstudents.

Mostofthemliveinflats,butthat’snotaproblemforyou,isit?Q7

SARA:Notatall.1’musedtothat.Myauntlivesinaflattoo,remember.I’mnotusedtoabighousewith

agarden,swimmingpool,petsandallthat.

LYNDA:OK,fine.Iknowquiteabitaboutwhatyouwantnow.Ishouldletyouknowthatyourrentwillbe

ahundredandsixtydollarsperweek.You’llhavetopaymethreehundredandtwentydollarsas

adeposit