UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS（教學(xué)課件）高中英語(yǔ)人教版必修第二冊(cè)

必修第二冊(cè)Unit4

Historyandtraditions1.belongvi.屬于;該在(某處)重

點(diǎn)

單

詞單句填空①(2019·浙江)Thestudentsfeelthattheybelong

aparticulargroup.②Wehadtokeeptrackofour

_____(belong),andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.③Thebook

____(belong)toMaryissointerestingthatwealllikeit.tobelongingsbelonging

(1)belongto屬于;是……的成員(2)belongingsn.所有物;財(cái)物注意

belong不可用進(jìn)行時(shí),也不可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),但常用belongingto作定語(yǔ)。2.surroundvt.包圍;圍繞單句填空①The

____(surround)townshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.②(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

____(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.③Harrytriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimself

___(surround)bythepolicemen.surrounding

surroundingsurrounded

(1)surround...with...用……包圍……besurroundedwith/by被……包圍(3)surroundingsn.環(huán)境3.chargevt.&vi.收費(fèi);控訴;充電;猛沖;充滿n.費(fèi)用;主管出下列句子中charge的含義①Peoplechargedwithkillingtheanimalswhichareprotectedbythecountrywillgetpunishment.

②(2019·全國(guó)Ⅲ)Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged.

③(2019·全國(guó)Ⅲ)It'snotworking—Idon'tthinkthebatteryischarging.

指控

收費(fèi)充電

(1)chargesbwithsth因某事控告某人chargesb(money)forsth向某人索取……的費(fèi)用(2)freeofcharge=forfree免費(fèi)incharge(of)主管;負(fù)責(zé);照顧inthechargeof(=inone'scharge)由某人負(fù)責(zé);由某人管理takechargeof掌管;負(fù)責(zé);看管

注意(1)inchargeof往往以人作主語(yǔ),指“某人負(fù)責(zé)/主管某事”;inthechargeof往往以物作主語(yǔ),指“某物由某人主管”。類似的還有inpossessionof和inthepossessionof,incontrolof和inthecontrolof等。(2)charge和accuse都有“指控;控告”之意,但是charge常與介詞with搭配,而accuse常與介詞of搭配。4.announcevt.宣布;宣告;聲稱(declare)單句填空①Attention,please!Ihaveanannouncement

(make).②Heannounced

herhisintentionofgoing.tomake

to

(1)announcesthtosb向某人宣布某事Itisannouncedthat...宣布……(2)announcementn.宣告;聲明makeanannouncement發(fā)布通知;聲明注意

announce后不跟雙賓語(yǔ),即不能說(shuō)announcesbsth,但可以說(shuō)announcesthtosb。類似不接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有explain、say、report、describe、suggest、mention、express等。

5.amountn.數(shù)量(quantity);數(shù)目;總額(sum/total)單句填空①Consumers'spendingonsports-relateditemsamounted

￡9.75billion.②Ahugeamountofoil

(be)ontheroadyesterday,theeffectsofwhicharenotclear.③ThistypeofTVhasbeensold

largeamounts.

towasin

(1)alarge/smallamountof大/少量的large/smallamountsof大/少量的inlargeamounts大量地(2)amountvi.合計(jì);共計(jì)amountto合計(jì);注意

anamountof、amountsof通常修飾不可數(shù)名詞,其修飾的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)常根據(jù)amount的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。

6.approachvt.&vi.接近;靠近;走近(getnearto);要求n.接近;方法;途徑(method,way)單句填空①

___(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.②Allthe

___(approach)totheairportwereblockedbythepoliceyesterday.Approaching

approaches7.eageradj.熱切的;渴望的(desired)單句填空①EachweekI

(eager)countedmygrowingsavingsincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere.②Iwasn'tabletohidemy

(eager)whenIasked,“Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?”③Someofuswereconfidentandeager

(take)partintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious.

eagerlyeagernesstotake

(1)beeagertodosth渴望/熱心做某事beeagerforsth渴望得到某物beeagerthat...渴望……(2)eagernessn.熱心;渴望(3)eagerlyadv.急切地;渴望地;熱心地注意表示“渴望/盼望做某事”的短語(yǔ)還有beanxioustodosth、bedesperatetodosth、longtodosth、desiretodosth、lookforwardtodoingsth、bekeentodosth、bethirstytodosth等。8.crowdn.人群;一群人;民眾vt.擠滿;使……擁擠單句填空①Thestreetwas

____(crowd)andIcouldn'tgetthrough.②Shetriedtosleep,butthoughts

_______

(crowd)in.

crowdedcrowded

(1)crowdin(想法、問(wèn)題等)涌上心頭;涌入腦海;擠進(jìn)becrowdedwith...擠滿了……crowdinto/outof擠進(jìn)/擠出crowdaround聚集在……的周圍(2)acrowdof一群;一伙;一堆crowdsof成群的……;許多

1.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脫離;背叛;逃脫短

語(yǔ)

句

式breakawayfrom

breaksup

brokeinto

brokeout

breakup打碎;分裂;解體;驅(qū)散;分手;結(jié)束breakdown出故障;失敗;垮掉;分解;克服breakin破門而入;打斷(談話等)breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入;突然……起來(lái)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā);發(fā)生(無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))breakoff折斷;斷絕2.ifanySowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?如果它們之間有區(qū)別的話,那么區(qū)別是什么呢?注意

ifany在句中是ifthereisanydifference的省略形式。ifany為省略句式,意為“如果有的話”,if用作連詞。ifso如果這樣的話ifnot如果不這樣的話ifever如果有過(guò)/發(fā)生過(guò)的話ifnecessary如果有必要的話ifpossible如果有可能的話3.aswellas連接兩個(gè)并列成分Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像擁有同樣的貨幣和國(guó)防一樣,他們也使用同一面國(guó)旗,被稱為theUnionJack。單句填空①Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,

_____(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyoftheFlowerExpo.②Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic,aswell

writingstories.wasinvitedas

(1)aswellas用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列成分,強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)是前者;notonly...butalso...“不但……而且……”強(qiáng)調(diào)后者。(2)當(dāng)aswellas連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)同前面的主語(yǔ)保持人稱和數(shù)的一致;而notonly...butalso...采用“就近原則”。4.theway后接定語(yǔ)從句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.他們初創(chuàng)了早期的英語(yǔ),并改變了人們建造房屋的方式。注意句中的theway后接了省略了關(guān)系詞that/inwhich的定語(yǔ)從句。(1)theway后面的定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞若在從句中作狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于“用這種方式/方法(=inthisway)”時(shí),通常不用關(guān)系詞,偶爾用that,在較正式的文體里才用inwhich來(lái)引導(dǎo)。(2)當(dāng)theway在定語(yǔ)從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí),“theway+定語(yǔ)從句”可以用how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句來(lái)代替。That'sthewayhedidit.=That'showhedidit.他就是這樣做的。Thewaythat/whichwasofferedbyhimtodotheexperimentwasdifferentfromthewaythatyoucarrieditout.他提供的做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的方式與你的方式不同。5.havesthdoneTheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他們?cè)谟⒏裉m各地修建了城堡,并對(duì)法律制度進(jìn)行了修改。

單句填空①Hehadoneofhislegs

(break)whileplayingfootball.②Ican'thaveyou

(speak)toyourmotherinarudemanner.Youmustapologizetoherimmediately.③Ican'tgowithyou,becauseIhavemuchhomework

(do).broken

speaking

todo

本句為“havesthdone”結(jié)構(gòu),此結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。(1)havesthdone使某事完成;遭遇某種(不幸的)事情havesbdosth讓某人做某事havesbdoingsth允許某人做某事(常用于否定句中);使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)(2)havesthtodo有某事要做(主語(yǔ)自己做)havesthtobedone有某事要讓別人做注意havesthdone有三種不同的含義:①請(qǐng)/讓/叫別人(為自己)做某事。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的意志;②遭遇到某種(不幸的)事情。賓語(yǔ)往往是受害者;③使……完成某事。此事可以是別人或自己完成的。01提升練習(xí)1.Ittookgreatcouragetobreakaway

hisfamilyat