小升初語法（講義）通用版英語六年級下冊

★名詞1.概念:表示事物名稱的詞。2.分類:可數(shù)Vs.不行數(shù)可數(shù)名詞:可以用數(shù)量直接計量的名詞不行數(shù)名詞:不行以用數(shù)量直接計量的名詞3.★考點:名詞的消失形式(1)★可數(shù)名詞的消失形式(兩種)A:限定詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)限定詞:冠詞;名次全部格;形容性物主代詞等B:可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式(n.+s)附:1.名次單數(shù)復的規(guī)那么：①直接在可數(shù)詞單數(shù)后加“s〞:eg.abookbooks②以s,x,sh,sh結尾的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)后加“es〞:eg.abusbusesawatchwatches③以f/fe結尾的變f/fe為“v〞再加“es〞:eg.awifewivesleafleaves④以輔音字母加“y〞結尾的變“y〞為“i〞,再加“es〞:eg.aflyflies⑤★以“o〞結尾的:生物+es:potatopotatoes非生物+s:photophotos2.名詞單復數(shù)不規(guī)那么變化:(1)名詞復數(shù)的不規(guī)那么變化:①child(孩子)children②man(男人)men③woman(女人)women④tooth(牙齒)teeth=5\*GB3⑤foot(腳)feet⑥mouse(老鼠)mice(2)單復同形的名詞:①fish(魚)fish②deer(鹿)deer③sheep(綿羊)sheep④Chinese(中國人)Chinese=5\*GB3⑤Japanese(人)Japanese(2)★不行數(shù)名詞消失形式:必需單獨使用留意：假如要表示不行數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，需用數(shù)量詞表示;數(shù)量詞可數(shù):eg.acupofwatertwocupsofwater相關鏈接:1.★名詞全部格(1)構成:①n.’s型;eg.Eagle’scar;theteachers’office;②n.+of+n.型;eg.thephotoofyourfamily.③of+名詞全部格eg.afriendofmybrother’s(2)用法:表示“…的〞留意:①★A’sandB’sbooksVs.AandB’sbook②★twoyear=twoyears’③★afriendofmyfatherVs.afriendofmyfather’s小試牛刀:1.Sorry,thisisnot______ruler.A.myaB.amyC.anD.my2.What’sthat?.A.It’seraser.B.AneraserC.Yes,it’saneraser.3.Gracelikeseating.Look!Three,twoandoneareinherbag.A.apples,pears,eggB.oranges,bananas,tomatosC.pears,hamburger,eggs4.Lucywillshowussomenewofhers.(02成都39)A.photoB.photosC.photoes5.Wewillhavea______holidayaftertheexam.A.twomonthB.twomonthC.twomonth’sD.twomonths6.MyfriendDavehelpedmealotbygivingmeonEnglishlearning.〔08成都〕A.advicesB.manyadviceC.someadvice★冠詞(1)冠詞的個數(shù):(3個)a/anVs.the(2)冠詞的含義:①不定冠詞a/an“一…〞②定冠詞the“這/那;這些/那些〞(3)冠詞的根本用法:冠詞+n.①不定冠詞a/an用法一般規(guī)那么:表示泛指a用于首字母為輔音音標的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。an用于首字母為元音音標的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前;②定冠詞the的用法:表示特指③冠詞Vs.零冠詞(3)冠詞的解題步驟:分兩步走第一步:確定泛指Vs.特指a/anVs.the其次步:確定輔音Vs.元音aVs.an邊學邊練:1.Thereis“u〞and“n〞intheword“uncle〞.A.a;anB.an;aC.a;aD.an;an2.TheyhavepenpalsinUnitedKingdomandAustralia.A./;theB.the;theC.the;/3.Thereisbigsquareincenterofourcity.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;the4.DoyouknowuniversitystudentwhoistalkingwithJoe?Yes,she’smycousin,Kate.A.aB.anC.the5.What’sthisinEnglish?It’s_____ruler.A.aB.theC.不填6.Where’s_______keytothebox,Jim?It’sinmybag.A.a B.the C.不填7.Do

you

have

bike?

Sorry,

I

don’t

have

one.

A.a

B.the

C.不填8.WhatcanIdoforyou?Iwant_________MP4playerformydaughter.A.aB.anC.theD.不填★人稱代詞(1)★人稱代詞表主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞Imemyminemyselfyouyouyouryoursyourselfhehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves(2)★人稱代詞根本用法①主格:作主語Iamaboy.②賓格:A.作賓語:Shelovesme.B.作表語:It’sme.③★形容詞性物主代詞:A.其后必跟名詞;B.絕不能單獨使用④★名詞性物主代詞:A.其后絕不能跟名詞;B.只能單獨使用公式:形容性物主代詞+n.=名詞性物主代詞⑤★反身代詞:其前必需有相對應的主格或賓格。小試牛刀:1.ismyuncle.nameisJeff.A.His,HisB.He,HisC.He,He2.Wherearepens?Areinthepencilcase?A.my,theyB.your,youC.his,them3.ismymotherandnameisMary.A.She,herB.He,hisC.She,my4.Myblouseisblue.Whatabout.(02單37)A.youB.yourC.yours5.Helptosomefruit.(03單32)A.youB.meC.yourself6.IsthisSam’sbikeoryours?It’smybike,not.A.yoursB.himC.his★一般疑問句(1)公式:助動詞+主語+…？(2)答復:①Yes,主語+助動詞.②No,主語+助動詞+not.相關鏈接:★助動詞(1)助動詞的本質(zhì):①只起語法作用;②沒有實際含義(2)助動詞分類:(4類)be;do;have;情態(tài)助動詞(13個)(3)助動詞用法:助動詞+實義動詞構成謂語;be動詞例外助動詞+not構成否認助動詞+主語+…?構成一般疑問句邊學邊練:1.Thisismycar.(改為一般疑問句并作確定和否認答復)。2.IsthatKate,thegirlintheclassroom?.It’smyfriend,Alice.A.No,itisn’tB.Yes,itisC.No,sheisn’t.1.Wecanseesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.(改寫為否認句)We_____see______flowersinfrontofthehouse.2.WearegoingtolearnFrenchnextyear.(改寫為一般疑問句)______you_______tolearnFrenchnextyear?3.UncleWanglikesmakingthings.(改寫為否認句)UncleWang_____________