2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)遼寧大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案

2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)遼寧大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Internationalfinancialissuesaretypically（）bytheUnitedStatesmediabecausetheyaretootechnicaltomakesnappyheadlinesandtooinaccessibletopeoplewholackabackgroundineconomics.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.neglectedB.criticizedC.overratedD.repudiated2.單選題Thefinalrecommendationwasthattheemployeeonprobation（

）aspecialnightclassforonesemester.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.attendB.hasattendedC.attendsD.attended3.單選題Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost（

）areasinJapaneselife.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.sophisticatedB.competitiveC.considerateD.superficial4.翻譯題Today,weanxiouslyscrutinizeexaminationscoresandworrywhetherourchildwillbeadmittedintoprestigiousuniversity.Mostofthetime,theirritatingchildorstudentwithlowscoresonlyreceivesnegativeattention.ConsideringthehueandcriesaboutteachingChinesestudentstobemorecreative,andtheconstantcomparisonsofthedifferencesbetweenEastandWesteducation,maybewearefutilelytryingtopoundsquarepegintoroundholes.Creativityisrelatedtoproblem-solvingability,andthefundamentaltruthisthatcreativityandeffectivenesscallsforafullyengagedmind.Ontheonehand,acreativepersonislikeafleshandbloodcomputer,collecting,assembling,arrangingandintegratingdata.Ontheotherhand,thecreativepersonistheattentivestudentoflife.Peoplewantingtoacquireacreativementalitymustfirstandforemostbeinthemind-setoffullyembracingalloftheirlearningexperience.Themindisthechain,andthevarietyofideasandexperiencesarethegears.Thepersonalorientationtowardachievementisanattitude.Learninganddemonstratingcreativedecision-makingisnotaby-productfrombeingconditionedtomemorizecorrectanswers,orretrieveexactbitsofdataforproducingahighfinalscore.Creativityisaby-productofmentalrisk-takingandexperimentation,andoneisfullyengagingpersonalthinkinginthefunofabstractplay:mentalgymnastics.5.單選題Hewasaskedtobethe（

）ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.judgeB.umpireC.fanD.controller6.單選題Ityouweretobeginanewjobtomorrow,youwouldbringwithyousomebasicstrengthsandweaknesses.Successorfailure,inyouworkwoulddepend,to（1）greatextent,onyourabilitytouseyourstrengthsandweaknessestothebestadvantage.（2）

theutmostimportanceisyouraltitude.Apersonwhobeginsajobconvincedthatheisn’tgoingtolikeitoris

（3）

thatheisgoingtoallailisexhibitingaweaknesswhichcanonlyhinderhissuccess.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhoissecureinhisbeliefthatheisprobablyascapableofdoingtheworkasanyoneelseandwhoiswillingtomakeacheerfulattempt（4）

itpossessesacertainstrengthofpurpose.Thechancesarethathewilldowell.

（5）theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.Lackingthoseskillsisobviouslyaweakness.Abookkeeperwhocan'tadd,oracarpenterwhocan'tcutastraightlinewithasaw（6）

hopelesscases.Thisbookhasbeendesignedtohelpyoucapitalize（7）

thestrengthandovercometheweaknessthatyoubringtothejoboflearning.Butingroupstomeasureyourdevelopment,youmustfirst（8）

stockofsomewhereyourstandnow.Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe

（9）

with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.However,tobeginwith,youshouldpausetoexamineyourpresentstrengthsandweaknessesinthreeareasthatarecriticaltoyoursuccessorfailureinschool;your

（10）

,yourreadingandcommunicationskills,and.yourstudyhabits.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.aB.theC.someD.certain問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.OutofB.OfC.ToD.Into問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.ensureB.certainC.sureD.surely問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.nearB.onC.byD.at問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.HaveB.HadC.HavingD.Hadbeen問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)A.beingB.beenC.areD.is問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)A.exceptB.butC.forD.on問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)A.makeB.takeC.doD.give問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)A.dealB.dealtC.bedealtD.dealing問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)A.intelligenceB.workC.attitudeD.weakness7.單選題Shehasbeenmelancholyfornearlytwoweeks.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.upsetB.sadC.voraciousD.satiated8.單選題Somepeoplethinkthata（

）translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.liberalB.literaryC.literalD.linear9.單選題Hehadheardtheverybadnews;butwhenhespoke,he______hisremarkstoafewhintsthatsaleshadslipped.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.boundB.polishedC.optimizedD.confined10.單選題Successfulpoliticiansaregoodatgiving______answerstoquestionsondifficultissues.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.definitiveB.ubiquitousC.ambiguousD.ineffable11.單選題Alltheoff-shoreoilexplorerswereinhighspiritsastheyreadlovinglettersfromthefamilies.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.sentimentalB.affectionateC.intimateD.sensitive12.翻譯題FiveNationalHealthService(NHS)trustshavesignedpartnershipswithGoogletoprocesssensitivepatientrecords,inwhatarebelievedtobethefirstdealsoftheirkind.ThecollaborationscameafterDeepMind,theLondon-basedartificialintelligencecompanyownedbyAlphabet,transferredcontrolofitshealthdivisiontoitsCalifornianparent.DeepMindhadcontractstoprocessmedicaldatafromsixNHStruststodevelopitsapp,whichalertsdoctorsandnurseswhenpatientsareatriskofacutekidneyinjury,aswellastoconductAIresearch.FiveofthetrustschosetosigncontractswithGoogle.AccordingtopapersfromtheRoyalFree,thedatathatwillbesharedwithGooglewillincludedetailssuchasmedicalhistory,diagnoses,treatmentdatesandethnicorigin.13.單選題Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies.Yetmuchhadhappenedbetween.Aswasdiscussedbefore,itwasnotuntilthe19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethedominantpre-electronic（1）,followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe（2）

oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametimethatthecommunicationsrevolution（3）

up,beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading（4）

throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpicturesintothe20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane.Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin（5）

.Itisimportanttodoso.Itisgenerallyrecognized,however,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,followedbytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,althoughitsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately（6）

.Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame“personal”too,aswellasinstitutional,withdisplaybecomingsharperandstorage（7）

increasing.Theywerethoughtof,likepeople,

（8）generations,withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuchsmaller.Itwaswithinthecomputeragethattheterm“informationsociety”begantobewidelyusedto

describethecontextwithinwhichwenowlive.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas（9）

bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,buttherehavebeencontroversialviewsaboutitseconomic,political,socialandculturalimplications.“Benefits”havebeenweighed（10）

“harmful”outcomes.Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measure問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.processB.companyC.lightD.form問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.picked問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.onB.outC.overD.off問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)A.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausible問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.faculty問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)A.bymeansofB.intermsofC.withregardtoD.inlinewith問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)A.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effected問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)A.aboveB.uponC.withD.against14.單選題

Evidencecameupthat______speechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.specificB.distinctiveC.explicitD.blunt15.翻譯題FormanyChinesepeople,thebeginningof2011holdsthepromiseofafreshroundofeducationreforms,whichareexpectedtoboostthecountry’seducationqualitythroughincreasinggovernmentinvestment,narrowinggapsbetweenurbanandruralschools,achievinginternationallyacknowledgedhighereducationandreducingacademiccorruptionandbureaucracy.Accordingtothelandmarkreformplan,governmentinvestmentwillincreasesteadilytosupporttheeducationsector,witheducationexpenditureamountingto4%ofGDPby2012.Chinafirstpledgedtoincreaseitseducationspendingto4percentoftheGDPin1993,buthas,sofar,failedtoachievethetarget.Theplan,whichtookoneyearandninemonthstodrawupandinvitedpublicsubmissionontwoseparateoccasions,wasseenassettingthetoneforthedevelopmentofeducationsector,whichhaslongsufferedfromfundingshortageandunbalanceddevelopmentbetweenruralandurbanareas.Thedevelopmentofeducation,rangingfrompreschooleducationtovocationaleducationinruralareas,willbeapriorityofthecountry’soveralldevelopmentprograms.The22-chapterplansayspreschooleducationshouldbasicallybeuniversalby2020,andnine-yearcompulsoryeducationpolicyshouldbeconsolidated.Theenrolmentrateforseniormiddleschoolshouldbe90percentofschoolagechildren,whiletheenrolmentrateforhighereducationshouldbe40percentofhighschoolgraduates.ThekeyforChinatobuildworld-leveluniversitiesliesinauthorizingtheeducators,studentsandsocietytoassessthequalityofeducation,allowingprofessorstoconductacademicresearchwithfullfreedomandempoweringstudentstoparticipateinuniversityadministration.16.翻譯題TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

隨著年歲的增長(zhǎng)，精力日減，效率漸低，作風(fēng)漸延：激情有失，理智有增?？磥?lái)，這樣的互易不可能總是得失相當(dāng)?shù)?。但是，一定的年齡總有一定的長(zhǎng)處。因此，可以告慰的是，即使你已度過(guò)了部分盛年，在未來(lái)的經(jīng)歷中，依然會(huì)有另一種盛年期的出現(xiàn)。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才達(dá)到頂峰。原始人一旦由于周圍的許多令人愉快的情景而第一次開(kāi)口大笑了，又由于笑對(duì)周圍所產(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果，笑就開(kāi)始具有了人類社會(huì)所特有的價(jià)值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來(lái)傳播愉快能力的人，開(kāi)始比他的較為嚴(yán)肅、古板的同事更能享受到社會(huì)的優(yōu)惠，從而使自己處于有利的地位。他成了個(gè)“善于交際的人”，在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人，受到社會(huì)的喜愛(ài)。當(dāng)今的世界，即非絲綢之路的吋代，亦非馬可波羅(MarcoPolo)吋代。從上海去東京，只需兩個(gè)多小時(shí)。從中國(guó)區(qū)地球另一端的美國(guó)，也能在日歷的同一天到達(dá)。昔日遙遠(yuǎn)的地理距離，被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)一下縮短到令人難以置信的程度。這是人類文明的共同成果。17.翻譯題人性的完整在于承認(rèn)自己的缺陷，勇敢地摒棄不現(xiàn)實(shí)的幻想而又不以此為缺憾。人性的完整還在于意識(shí)到自己能夠使悲劇性的人生繼續(xù)存在下去，能夠在失去親人后依然表現(xiàn)出完整的個(gè)人風(fēng)范。當(dāng)我們承認(rèn)瑕疵是構(gòu)成人性的一部分，同時(shí)又能繼續(xù)在生活中不懈地奮斗，并大大贊美這樣的人生價(jià)值時(shí)，我們就會(huì)獲得其他人僅能期盼的完整人生。我相信這就是上帝對(duì)我們的要求：不求“完美”，也不求“永不犯錯(cuò)誤”，而是求得人性的“完整”。18.翻譯題以前人們常說(shuō)，英國(guó)人享樂(lè)時(shí)也會(huì)郁郁不樂(lè)。如今，如果英國(guó)人真有什么樂(lè)趣可享的話，情況無(wú)疑還會(huì)依然如此，不過(guò)英國(guó)的煙酒價(jià)格構(gòu)成了足以令人憂愁的外因。有時(shí)我覺(jué)得，這種享樂(lè)時(shí)也郁郁不樂(lè)的癖性已經(jīng)傳到了大西洋彼岸，我不由得納悶：這么多講英語(yǔ)的人身體又健康，收入又豐厚，怎么人生觀卻如此消沉。我在美國(guó)旅行期間，注意到了一種根深蒂固的憂郁癥。我覺(jué)得這種憂郁癥似乎極其普遍，這就給社會(huì)改革家出了難題。大多數(shù)社會(huì)改革家認(rèn)為，若是消除了貧困，有了經(jīng)濟(jì)保障，太平盛世就會(huì)到來(lái)。但是，無(wú)論在貴國(guó)還是在蔽國(guó)，看著坐在豪華轎車?yán)锏娜藗兊拿婵?，卻見(jiàn)不到社會(huì)改革家引導(dǎo)人們期待的那種喜氣洋洋的神情。相反，十有八九，我看到的是一副厭倦不滿的神情，以及一種近似瘋狂的渴望，想找點(diǎn)東西吊起早已發(fā)膩的胃口。19.翻譯題Itwasableak,rainyday,andIhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn’shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcomeandseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblackgreenevergreenstoweredover.Graduallythepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacorner—andIstoppedandgaspedinamazement.Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossfoldsandvalleyswereriversofdaffodilsinradiantbloom.Aprofusionofcolor—fromthepalestivorytothedeepestlemontothemostvividsalmon—blazedlikeacarpetbeforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Ariotofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasign:ANSWERSTOTHEQUESTIONSIKNOWYOUAREASKING.Thefirstanswerwas:ONEWOMAN—TWOHANDS,TWOFEETANDVERYLITTLEBRAIN.Thesecondwas:ONEATATIME.Thethird:STARTEDIN1958.Aswedrovehome,IwassomovedbywhatwehadseenthatIcouldscarcelyspeak.“Shechangedtheworld,”Ifinallysaid,“onebulbatatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit.”Thewonderofitwouldnotletmego.“Imagine,”Isaid,“ifI’dhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmighthaveIaccomplished?”20.翻譯題Abstractionisanoldstorywiththephilosophers,butithasbeenlikeanewtoyinthehandsoftheartistsofourday.Whycan’twehaveanyonequalityofpoetrywechoosebyitself?Wecanhaveinthought.Thenitwillgohardifwecan’tinpractice.Ourlivesforit.Granted,noonebutahumanistmuchcareshowsoundapoemisifitisonlyasound.Thesoundisthegoldintheore.Thenwewillhavethesoundoutaloneanddispensewiththeinessential.Wedotillwemakethediscoverythattheobjectinwritingpoetryistomakeallpoemssoundasdifferentaspossiblefromeachother.Itshouldbeofthepleasureofapoemitselftotellhowitcan.Thefigureapoemmakes.Itbeginsindelightandendsinwisdom.Thefigureisthesameasforlove.Noonecanreallyholdthattheecstasyshouldbestaticandstandstillinoneplace.Itbeginsindelight,itinclinestotheimpulse,itassumesdirectionwiththefirstlinelaiddown,itrunsacourseofluckyevents,andendsinaclarificationoflife—notnecessarilyagreatclarification,suchassectsandcultsarefoundedon,butinamomentarystayagainstconfusion.Ithasdenouement.Ithasanoutcomethatthoughunforeseenwaspredestinedfromthefirstimageoftheoriginalmood—andindeedfromtheverymood.第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)neglected“被忽視的”；B選項(xiàng)criticized“被批判的”；C選項(xiàng)overrated“被高估的”；D選項(xiàng)repudiated“被拒絕的”。句意：國(guó)際金融問(wèn)題通常被美國(guó)的媒體所（），因?yàn)檫@些問(wèn)題過(guò)于專業(yè)而不能給出一個(gè)生動(dòng)活潑的標(biāo)題來(lái)，而且是非常難于被缺乏經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)背景的讀者來(lái)理解。由too...to可知，國(guó)際金融問(wèn)題因?yàn)樘^(guò)專業(yè)而不好給出一個(gè)生動(dòng)活潑的標(biāo)題，所以空格應(yīng)填的選項(xiàng)是由于文章標(biāo)題而不能給出impressive的效果。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。2.【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示“建議、要求、命令”等意思的詞相關(guān)的從句謂語(yǔ)部分要用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略，因此選A。句意：最終的建議是試用期雇員一個(gè)學(xué)期參見(jiàn)一次特殊夜校學(xué)習(xí)。3.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sophisticated意為“見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的，老練的”；competitive意為“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，比賽的”；considerate意為“考慮周到的，體貼的”；superficial意為“膚淺的，表面的”。由前面because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)，可知好大學(xué)的學(xué)位意味著好更好的工作，故此推測(cè)教育領(lǐng)域具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性，因此選B。句意：因?yàn)橐凰么髮W(xué)的學(xué)位是獲得更好工作的手段，所以教育是日本人生活中最具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的領(lǐng)域之一。4.【答案】【參考譯文】今天，我們焦慮地查著考試分?jǐn)?shù)，擔(dān)心小孩是否有望被名牌大學(xué)錄取。大多數(shù)情況下，令人惱火的小孩或分?jǐn)?shù)低的學(xué)生僅得到消極的關(guān)心。在呼吁提高中國(guó)學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性的抗議聲和中西方教育差異的對(duì)比的影響下，我們的做法無(wú)異于方枘圓鑿不得其所。創(chuàng)造力通常與問(wèn)題解決能力相關(guān)，而且基本的事實(shí)是創(chuàng)造力和有效性需要全神貫注的頭腦。一方面，一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力的人如同一臺(tái)有血有肉的計(jì)算機(jī)，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行收集、匯集、整理和整合；另一方面，有創(chuàng)造力的人是生活中最細(xì)心的學(xué)生。想要擁有創(chuàng)造性頭腦的人必須首先下定決心去徹底領(lǐng)會(huì)所有的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。頭腦是鏈條，而各種想法和經(jīng)歷是齒輪。個(gè)人的成就取向是一種態(tài)度。學(xué)習(xí)和展示創(chuàng)造性的決策，并不是為了獲得高分而習(xí)慣于記住正確答案或檢索精確數(shù)據(jù)的副產(chǎn)品。創(chuàng)造力是一種腦力冒險(xiǎn)和試驗(yàn)的副產(chǎn)品，且創(chuàng)造力需要完全地讓個(gè)人的思考忙于抽象活動(dòng)（即腦力訓(xùn)練）的樂(lè)趣中。5.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官，審判員”，泛指各種場(chǎng)合中的評(píng)判人員；umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動(dòng)位置，如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等；fan意為“迷，狂熱愛(ài)好者，風(fēng)扇”；controller意為“(尤指大型機(jī)構(gòu)或部門的)管理者，控制者”。由thebadmintongame（羽毛球比賽）可知選B。句意：他被要求擔(dān)任羽毛球比賽的裁判，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)公正的人。6.【答案】第1題:A第2題:B第3題:C第4題:D第5題:C第6題:D第7題:D第8題:B第9題:D第10題:C【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。toagreatextent為固定搭配，意為“很大程度上，非?！薄＃?）of與名詞連用，表示具有某種性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，位于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋篩ourattitudeisoftheutmostimportance.（beof+名詞）（3）考查固定搭配。or后面省略了主語(yǔ)he，besurethat后面加從句，此處表示“或肯定不適應(yīng)這項(xiàng)工作”。（4）考查固定搭配。attempt用作名詞時(shí)，意為“努力，嘗試，試圖”。makeanattemptonsth.“試圖奪取”，makeanattemptat意為“打算，試圖”。（5）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子“25theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.”缺少主語(yǔ)，have與theprerequisite之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其動(dòng)名詞形式，表示“具有某一工作的必要技能是一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)”。（6）考查主謂一致。or連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近原則，即謂語(yǔ)與靠近的名詞在“人稱，數(shù)”上保持一致?！癮bookkeeper...oracarpenter”是本句的主語(yǔ)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單選，選D。（7）考查固定搭配。capitalizeon是固定搭配，意為“充分利用某事物”。（8）考查固定搭配。takestockof是固定搭配，意為“估計(jì)，考慮”。（9）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句子“Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe_____with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.（隨著我們進(jìn)一步了解這本書，我們將詳細(xì)論述發(fā)展和加強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)技能的具體過(guò)程）”為將來(lái)時(shí)，因此選D。（10）考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)前面的“______theutmostimportanceisyourattitude”可知此處選C，與文章前面的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。7.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。melancholy意為“悲傷的，憂郁的”；upset意為“心煩的；混亂的”，指因?yàn)槭艽於趩剩籹ad意為“難過(guò)的，悲哀的”，指感情上的悲傷；voracious意為“貪吃的，求知欲強(qiáng)的”；satiated意為“滿足的”。句意：她已經(jīng)憂郁了將近兩周了。8.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。liberal意為“自由的”；literary意為“文學(xué)的”；literal意為“文字上的，字面的”；linear意為“直線的，線形的”。由句中的than可知是與afreetranslation（意譯）相比較，翻譯一般分為意譯與直意，因此選C。句意：有些人認(rèn)為直譯，或者說(shuō)逐字逐句的翻譯，比意譯容易。9.【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bound“綁；裝訂；包扎；凝固”；B選項(xiàng)polished“拋光，擦亮；修改，潤(rùn)色；（使）完美，改進(jìn)”；C選項(xiàng)optimized“優(yōu)化；持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度；使最優(yōu)化，使完善”；D選項(xiàng)confined“限制，使局限；禁止離開(kāi)，關(guān)押；臥床分娩”。句意：他聽(tīng)到了這個(gè)壞消息，但當(dāng)他對(duì)員工們講話時(shí)，他把自己的話______在一些暗示銷售下滑的跡象上。此處填“限制”一詞最符合句意，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。10.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)definitive“最后的；最佳的；最權(quán)威的”；B選項(xiàng)ubiquitous“普遍存在的；無(wú)所不在的”；C選項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的；不明確的，不明朗的；引起歧義的”；D選項(xiàng)ineffable“不可言喻的；不應(yīng)說(shuō)出的；難以形容的”。句意：成功的政治家善于對(duì)棘手問(wèn)題給出______答案。政治家的重要職能便是處理爭(zhēng)端和分配利益，所以他們的回答不能太過(guò)絕對(duì)化，此處填“模棱兩可的”更符合句意，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。11.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。loving意為“愛(ài)的，充滿愛(ài)的”；sentimental意為“傷感的”；affectionate意為“深情的，摯愛(ài)的”；intimate意為“親密的，親近的”；sensitive意為“敏感的”。句意：所有的海上石油探險(xiǎn)家在讀家里寄來(lái)的充滿愛(ài)的信件時(shí)都興高采烈。12.【答案】【參考譯文】英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系的五家信托公司與谷歌簽署了合作伙伴關(guān)系，以處理敏感的患者記錄，這被認(rèn)為是此類交易的首次。此前，總部位于倫敦的Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind將其醫(yī)療部門的控制權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給了位于加州的母公司。DeepMind與NHS簽訂了合同，處理來(lái)自6個(gè)信托機(jī)構(gòu)的醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)，以開(kāi)發(fā)自己的應(yīng)用，以及進(jìn)行人工智能研究。當(dāng)患者面臨急性腎損傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)，該應(yīng)用會(huì)向醫(yī)生和護(hù)士發(fā)出警報(bào)。其中5家信托公司選擇與谷歌簽訂合同。根據(jù)皇家自由報(bào)的文件，谷歌將共享的數(shù)據(jù)包括病史、診斷、治療日期和種族等細(xì)節(jié)。13.【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:B第4題:A第5題:D第6題:A第7題:C第8題:B第9題:C第10題:D【解析】（1）考查邏輯關(guān)系。mean意為“方法，手段”；method意為“方法”；medium意為“(傳播信息的)媒介，手段”；measure意為“測(cè)量，度量”。由句中的newspaper可知它屬于一種媒介，因此選C。（2）考查固定搭配。intheprocessof意為“在……的過(guò)程中”；inthecompanyof意為“伴隨，在……的陪同下，當(dāng)著……的面”；inthelightof意為“鑒于，由于，按照”；intheformof意為“用……的形式”?？崭裉幣c“inthewakeof（緊緊跟隨，隨著……而來(lái)）”相對(duì)應(yīng)，因此選B，表示“繼小冊(cè)子和圖書之后，與期刊一起……”（3）考查詞組辨析。gatherup意為“概括，收集起”；speedup意為“（使）加速”；workup意為“激發(fā)(熱情），鼓起（勇氣)”；pickup意為“拿起，撿起”。由“thecommunicationsrevolution（通訊革命）______up,beginningwithtransport,therailway（從運(yùn)輸開(kāi)始，鐵路）...hthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpictures（電報(bào)、電話、收音機(jī)和電影）”可推測(cè)是對(duì)通訊革命發(fā)展的介紹，B選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯，表示“通訊革命的發(fā)展也加快了步伐”。（4）考查詞組辨析。leadon意為“代領(lǐng)……繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，繼續(xù)引領(lǐng)，勸誘，哄騙”；leadout意為“出發(fā)，開(kāi)始”；leadover意為“領(lǐng)先”；leadoff意為“起始于（某處），開(kāi)始”。由句中的狀語(yǔ)“beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading______throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpicturesintothe20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane（從運(yùn)輸、鐵路開(kāi)始，……到電報(bào)、電話、收音機(jī)和電影，知道20世紀(jì)的汽車和飛機(jī)時(shí)代）”可知A選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯。（5）考查固定搭配。inperspective為固定搭配，意為“正確地”。此句意為“并不是每一個(gè)人都能正確地看待這個(gè)過(guò)程”。（6）考查形容詞辨析。apparent意為“顯而易見(jiàn)，顯然的，表明的”；desirable意為“令人滿意的”；negative意為“消極的，否認(rèn)的”；plausible意為“(借口或解釋)有道理的，可信的，花言巧語(yǔ)的”。although引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，由前面的“radicallychangedtheprocess（從根本上改變了這個(gè)過(guò)程）”可推測(cè)“對(duì)媒體的影響并不是很明顯”，因此選A。（7）考查名詞辨析。ability意為“能力，資格”；capability意為“才能，能力”；capacity意為“容量”；faculty意為“能力，全體教員”。由“storage（儲(chǔ)存，貯存）”可知C選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯。（8）考查詞組辨析。bymeansof意為“用，依靠，借助于”；intermsof意為“根據(jù)，按照，在……方面”；withregardto意為“關(guān)于”；inlinewith意為“跟……一致，符合”。由“withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuchsmaller（代與代之間的差距逐近變?。笨芍颂幨菍⒂?jì)算機(jī)按照“人”的“代”來(lái)劃分的，因此選B。（9）考查動(dòng)詞辨析。regard意為“認(rèn)為，當(dāng)作”；impress意為“給……留下深刻印象”；influence意為“影響”；effect作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“使發(fā)生，引起”，作名詞時(shí)，意為“影響，結(jié)果”。由后面的“implications（可能的影響，暗指）”可推測(cè)此處指對(duì)工作等方面的影響，因此選C。（10）考查詞義辨析。此處是將““benefits”與“harmful”是對(duì)立關(guān)系，weigh表示“認(rèn)真考慮，權(quán)衡”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有“against”含有“反對(duì)，與……相反”，因此選D。14.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)specific“特殊的，特定的；明確的；詳細(xì)的”，著重指某種、某類事物具有的特殊或特定的屬性；B選項(xiàng)distinctive“獨(dú)特的，有特色的；與眾不同的”，常被用來(lái)突出某個(gè)特點(diǎn)，也就是說(shuō)由于某個(gè)特點(diǎn)的存在使其不同于其他的人或事物；C選項(xiàng)explicit“明確的；清楚的；直率的；詳述的”；D選項(xiàng)blunt“鈍的，不鋒利的；生硬的；直率的”。句意：有證據(jù)表明，6個(gè)月大的嬰兒就能識(shí)別______語(yǔ)音。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)音，用“特定的”一詞修飾更符合句意，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。15.【答案】【參考譯文】對(duì)許多中國(guó)人而言，2011年初有望進(jìn)行新一輪教育改革，通過(guò)增加政府投資、縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距、取得國(guó)際承認(rèn)的高等教育、減少學(xué)術(shù)腐敗和官僚主義，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)的教育質(zhì)量的提高。根據(jù)這個(gè)具有里程碑意義的改革計(jì)劃，政府支持教育部門的投資將會(huì)穩(wěn)步增加，到2012年，教育經(jīng)費(fèi)將總計(jì)達(dá)到國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的百分之四。中國(guó)在1993年首次承諾將教育經(jīng)費(fèi)增加至國(guó)內(nèi)成產(chǎn)總值的百分之四，但到目前為止還沒(méi)有達(dá)到該目標(biāo)。這個(gè)耗費(fèi)了一年又九個(gè)月時(shí)間來(lái)起草并在兩個(gè)單獨(dú)場(chǎng)合邀請(qǐng)公眾提供意見(jiàn)的計(jì)劃，被視為為長(zhǎng)期遭受資金短缺的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡的教育部門的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。農(nóng)村地區(qū)從學(xué)前教育到職業(yè)教育的教育發(fā)展將是我國(guó)整體發(fā)展規(guī)劃中的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。這個(gè)有二十二個(gè)章節(jié)的計(jì)劃稱，學(xué)前教育到2020年時(shí)應(yīng)該基本普及且九年義務(wù)教育政策應(yīng)該被鞏固。高中的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是兒童的90%，而高等教育的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是高中畢業(yè)生的40%。中國(guó)建設(shè)世界級(jí)大學(xué)的關(guān)鍵在于授權(quán)教育工作者、學(xué)生和社會(huì)去評(píng)估教學(xué)質(zhì)量，允許教授自由進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)研究，允許學(xué)生參加大學(xué)的管理。16.【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.17.【答案】【參考譯文】Thereisawholenesstohumannaturethatconsistsinadmittingourlimitations,inbeingbraveenoughtoletgoofunrealisticdreamsandnotfeellikeafailurefordoingso.Thereisawholenessaboutthemanorwomanwhohaslearnedthatheorsheisstrongenoughtogothroughatragedyandsurvive,canlosesomeoneandbestilllikeacompleteperson.Whenweacceptthatimperfectionispartofbeinghuman,andwhenwecancontinuerollingthroughlifeandappreciateit,wewillhaveachievedawholenessthatotherscanonlyaspireto.That,Ibelieve,iswhatgodasksofus—not“beperfect”,not“donotevenmakeamistake”,but“bewhole”.18.【答案】【參考譯文】ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuresadly.Thiswouldnodoubtstillbethecasetodayiftheyhadanypleasuretotake,butthepriceofalcoholandtobaccoinBritishhasprovidedsufficientexternalcausesformelancholy.IhavesometimesthoughtthatthehabitoftakingpleasuresadlyhascrossedtheAtlantic,andIhavewonderedwhatitisthatmakessomanyEnglish-speakingpeoplesomberintheiroutlookinspiteofgoodhealthandagoodincome.DuringmytravelsintheAmerica,Ihavebeenimpressedbyakindoffundamentalmalaisewhichseemstomeextremelycommonandwhichposesdifficultproblemsforthesocialreformer.Mostsocialreformershaveheldtheopinionthat,ifpovertywereabolishedandtherewerenomoreeconomicinsecurity,themillenniumwouldhavearrived.ButwhenIlookatthefacesofpeopleinluxurycars,whetherinyourcountryorinmine,Idonotseethatlookofradianthappinesswhichtheaforesaidsocialreformershadledpeopletoexpect.Inalllikelihood,onthecontrary,Iseeinsteadalookofboredomanddiscontentandanalmostfranticlongingforsomethingthatmightticklethejadedpalate.19.【答案】【參考譯文】凄風(fēng)細(xì)雨，山路蜿蜒，我毫無(wú)興致驅(qū)車前往女兒卡羅琳的家?？膳畠阂欢ㄒ仪叭タ纯瓷巾斏系木爸?。轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)一條狹窄的小道我們停下車出來(lái)，沿著鋪滿厚厚一層松針的小路走去。頭頂上高大的墨綠色常青樹(shù)聳入云霄。漸漸地這地方的平和寧?kù)o開(kāi)始令我陶醉。然后我們拐了個(gè)彎，我停下了腳步，驚詫不已。從山頂往下好幾英畝的山坡上，滿是怒放的水仙花，猶如江河直下，越過(guò)山坳，穿過(guò)峽谷，一片五彩繽紛：有潔凈無(wú)比的象牙白，有極其濃郁的檸檬黃，有鮮艷奪目的鮭魚(yú)橙，如同一幅地毯展現(xiàn)在我們而前，令人眼花繚亂。仿佛太陽(yáng)傾翻了，把一片金光溢瀉到了山坡上。一大堆問(wèn)題在我的腦海中翻騰。誰(shuí)創(chuàng)造了這種美景？為什么要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造？又是如何創(chuàng)造的？我們走近這塊寶地中央的屋子，只見(jiàn)一塊牌子上寫著：我知道你要問(wèn)的問(wèn)題，答案如下。答案一：一位婦女，一雙手，兩只腳，而且天資不高。答案二：一次種一株。答案三：開(kāi)始于1958年。驅(qū)車回家的路上，我為所見(jiàn)的一切感動(dòng)不已，無(wú)言以對(duì)?！八脑炝耸澜?，”我終于說(shuō)道?！耙淮畏N一株。她幾乎40年前就開(kāi)始了。當(dāng)時(shí)也許只是一念之閃，但她持之以恒。”這一奇觀令我回味良久?！霸囅?，”我說(shuō)道，“如果我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，并為之努力，每天干一點(diǎn)，最后我會(huì)做出怎樣的成績(jī)呢？”20.【答案】【參考譯文】抽象對(duì)哲學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)已是輕車熟路，但對(duì)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家們卻還是比較陌生。為什么我們不能把詩(shī)本身的特質(zhì)抽象出來(lái)呢？我們可以意會(huì)這種特質(zhì)的存在，但是如果我們不能實(shí)際找出這種特質(zhì)，那么它是否存在可能就會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。我們的生命向往那種特質(zhì)。如果詩(shī)真的只是一種音律，我們認(rèn)為只有古典文學(xué)愛(ài)好者才會(huì)關(guān)注它的完美。音律就像摻在礦石里的金子，我們只需把金子挑出，拋棄其他非必要之物。過(guò)去我們一直這樣認(rèn)識(shí)，直到發(fā)現(xiàn)寫詩(shī)的目標(biāo)竟然是盡量使得所有詩(shī)彼此不同。如果一首詩(shī)本身能說(shuō)明它的形成過(guò)程，這將是非常愉快的。這就是一首詩(shī)的思路歷程：它從愉悅的激情開(kāi)始，以智慧的理性結(jié)束。這歷程同愛(ài)情一樣，沒(méi)有人能夠讓那種強(qiáng)烈的情感靜止于一點(diǎn)。它以愉悅的激情開(kāi)始，趨向狂熱的沖動(dòng)，追蹤著寫出第一行詩(shī)所設(shè)定的方向，經(jīng)歷一系列妙手偶得的過(guò)程，達(dá)到一個(gè)恬適寧?kù)o的人生境界。并不需要宗教儀式里的那種莊嚴(yán)偉大，只要能片刻脫離塵世的紛擾。它有一個(gè)結(jié)束，它的結(jié)束雖難以預(yù)料但卻已由其最初展現(xiàn)的心情注定，的確是完全由原來(lái)心情確定。第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Inanycommercialtransactionaconsumermusthaveconfidencethatthebusinesswhoseproducttheyareabouttopurchaseisreliableandthattheproductbeingofferedisworththepricethatispaid.Theimportanceingainingandmaintainingisespeciallytruewhentheconsumerandbusinessdonotsharecommonalitiesofgeography,cultureand/orlegalframework.Thebestcompaniesalwaysunderstandthisexpectationandcontinuallystrivetoexceedit.Othercompanies-includingmanyneweronlinemerchants---mayhavegoodintentions,butlacktheskillsorexperiencetoturntheconsumer’sexpectationintoareality.Afewcompanieswillintentionallyseektoexploitthisconsumer'sexpectation.Howtoseparatethesecompaniesinavirtualworldisnotalwayseasy,andhasbeenthesubjectofintensivediscussionbyconsumergroups,businessesandgovernments.Moreover,policingthecompaniesinthevirtualmarketplaceisperceivedtoadauntingchallenge.Thesediscussionshavegenerallyfocusedonthreekeyideas.CodesofConductforOn-lineBusiness:Individualcorporations,businessassociationsand/orgovernmentsaroundtheworldhaveworkedtodevelopCodesofConduct,Guidelines.Principles,orBestPractice,etc.foron-linebusinesses.TheydescribetheactionsthataCompanyshouldtaketoprotectaconsumer’srights.Theymaybeincludedonthecompany’swebsiteandaconsumercanreviewthembeforemakingapurchase.Trademark:Toincreaseconsumer'sconfidencethatacompanywillactinaccordancewithacodeofconductorbestpractices,athirdparty"Tmstmark"isoftenused.Theconceptisthatbydisplaying"Trustmark'.Thecompanyrepresentsthatitissubjecttoexternaloversight.Thecompanywouldnotbeallowedtodisplaythethirdpartymarkifthecompany’sactionwereinconsistentwithwhatiscontainedinthe"CodeofConduct"orsimilardocument.Trustmark’saremostusefulwhentheyhavestrongbrandrecognitionandcredibilityamongcustomers.DisputeResolution:Consumer'sconfidencereliesonthebeliefthatanydisputewillbesettledquicklyandfairlyeitherbythecompanydirectlyorthroughsomeothermeans.Inthebricksandmortarworldaconsumerusuallyhastheabilitytoinspectproductbeforepurchasingitand---ifitisdefective-returnitforarefund,repairorreplacement.Mostofcompaniesseethisformofdisputeresolutionastheirownbestinterestandanextensionoftheircustomerrelationprograms.Whilethesameholdstrueintheworldofon-linetransactions,thecriticaldifferenceisthataconsumercan'tinspecttheproductbeforepurchasing,andinsteadhastorelyonthemerchant'sphotosordescriptionsoftheproduct.Inboththetraditionalandon-lineworld,whendisputecannotberesolveddirectlybetweentheconsumerandthecompany,themerchantandtheconsumermustresorttoothermeans.Theseoftenincludeappealstoconsumerprotectionagencies,recoursetothecourts,oruseofalternativedisputeresolutionsystems.1.Thetopicofthearticleis（

）.2.Whenthereexistdifferencesinculture,legalframeworkandgeographybetweenconsumersandbusinesses,whatappear(s)moreimportant?3.Whatarethethreefocusesdiscussedandconsideredimportantinmarketplace?4.InwhichcaseisTrustmarkmostinfluential?5.Whatareotherwaystoresolvedisputesbesidesrefund,repairandreplacement?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.meetingconsumer'sexpectationinthemarketplaceB.resolvingdisputeC.displayingTrustmark’sD.settingcodesofconduct問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Thebusiness'sreliability.