高考名詞性從句課件

2023/7/17一艘游輪遭遇海難，船上有對夫妻好不容易來到救生艇前，艇上只剩一個位子，這時，男人把女人推向身后，自己跳上了救生艇。女人站在漸沉的大船上，向男人喊出了一句話……講到這里，老師問學(xué)生：“你們猜，女人會喊出什么話？”2023/7/17學(xué)生們?nèi)呵榧?，都說“我恨你”、“我瞎了眼”……這時老師注意到有個學(xué)生一直沒發(fā)言，就向他提問，這個學(xué)生說：“老師，我覺得女人會喊——照顧好我們的孩子！”老師一驚，問：“你聽過這個故事？”學(xué)生搖頭：“沒有，但我母親生病去世前，就是對我父親這樣說的！”老師感慨道：“回答正確。下面，大家聽我把這個故事講完?！?023/7/17輪船沉沒了，男人回到家鄉(xiāng)，獨自帶大女兒。多年后，男人病故，女兒整理遺物時，發(fā)現(xiàn)了父親的日記。原來，父親和母親乘坐游輪時，母親已患了絕癥。關(guān)鍵時刻，父親沖向了那唯一的生機，他在日記中寫道：“我多想和你一起沉入海底，可我不能。為了女兒，我只能讓你一個人長眠在深深的海底……”故事講完，教室里沉默了，老師知道，學(xué)生們已經(jīng)聽懂了這個故事：世間的善與惡，有時錯綜復(fù)雜，難以分辨，所以請不要輕易做判斷。

句子類型簡單句并列句復(fù)合句主句從句adj.性從句(定從)n.性從句adv.性從句(狀從)主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句NounClausesNounClauses2023/7/17一Definition定義

二Classification分類

三Conjunctions連接詞

四Keypoints&

Difficulties2023/7/17一Definition定義TheboyisLiLei.表語主語Miss.Li,a24-year-oldgirl,teachesEnglish.同位語賓語名詞可做成分?名詞在句中主做

。主語表語同位語賓語在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，由一個句子來充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語和同位語，這個句子就叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞.主語

{Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表語Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.

{一.

名詞性從句賓語

{Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位語

{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.2023/7/17

二Classification分類

名詞性從句

nounclause

主語從句subjectclause

賓語從句objectclause

表語從句predicativeclause

同位語從句appositiveclauseWherethegirllivesisstillunknown.Thequestioniswherethegirllivesnow.Thisistheplacewherethegirllives.Thegirlliveswherehermotherlives.Ihavenoideawherehermotherlives.主從表從定從賓從2023/7/17一．主語從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的句子是主語從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1.It作形式主語

It作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。

Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.

一．主語從句常用it做形式主語的五種句型2023/7/17（1）Itis/was+adj.+that從句Itisclearthatyoumadeamistakeagain.（2）Itis/was+n.+that從句Itisapitythatyoumissedtheconcert.（3）Itis/was/hasbeen+V.ed+that從句Ithasbeenprovedthatyourtheoryisnotpractical.2023/7/17（4）Itseems/appears/happened（vi）that從句Itseemsthatyouhavemadeamistake.（5）It+vt.+obj.+that從句Itdisappointedmethathedidn’ttravelwithus.常用it做形式主語的五種句型

isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.ItD典型例題

what引導(dǎo)主語從句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、賓語、表語，有含義；而that則無含義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分,不可省略。

1)______yousaidyesterdayisright.

2)______sheisstillaliveisagoodthing.ItItWhatThatwhat與that在引導(dǎo)主語從句時的區(qū)別isrightwhatyousaidyesterday.isagoodthingthatsheisstillalive.2023/7/171.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.

A.What;whatB.What;that

C.That;thatD.That;what典型例題what/that填空a.______hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus.b.______hespoke（發(fā)言）atthemeetingsurprisedus.

WhatThat典型例題單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Whereandwhenhewasbornhasnotbeenfound.Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.2023/7/17二．賓語從句

賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞(及物動詞)或介詞之后。1.作動詞的賓語Iheard

(that)hejoinedthearmy.Shedidnotknow

whathadhappened.Iwonder

whetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.二．賓語從句3.作形容詞的賓語。

Iamafraid

(that)I’vemadeamistake.Iamsure

(that)hewillwinthegame.4.it可以作為形式賓語。Wethoughtit

goodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.2.作介詞的賓語。

Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperate(合作)withoneanother.2023/7/17表語從句

表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動詞之后?？山颖碚Z從句的系動詞有be,look,remain,seem等。另外，常用的還有thereasonisthat…和Itisbecause等結(jié)構(gòu)。三．表語從句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語+系動詞+that從句1)Thisis____wecan’tgetthesupportofthepeople.2)Butthefactremains______wearebehindtheotherclasses.3)Thereason

______heislateforschoolis____hemissedtheearlybus.4）ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.whythatwhythat2023/7/17

Thereasonwhyshewasupsetwas____hersondidn’tpassthefinalexam.

A.that

B.so

C.why

D.because典型例題Thereasonwhy.....isthat...2023/7/17四．同位語從句1.同位語從句的功能同位語從句對于名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，多數(shù)由that引導(dǎo).

1)Theking’sdecision

thattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.

同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名

詞性從句。四．同位語從句2.同位語在句子中的位置同位語從句有時可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。

HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.四．同位語從句3.同位語從句一般放在名詞fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion,belief,doubt,proof,message,order,conclusion,truth,word,information等之后,用以說明或解釋前面的名詞.引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that;少數(shù)情況下也可用連接副詞how，

when，where…

四．同位語從句1.Thethoughtthatwemightsucceedexcitedus.2.Theideathattheyshouldtryasecondtimeisworthconsidering.3.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayed

willbediscussedtomorrow.4.Ihavenoideawhen

hewillbeback.注意2023/7/17doubt引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，如果主句是肯定的，連詞用whether；如果主句是否定的，連詞用that

Ihavesomedoubt

hecancarry.Ihavenodoubt

hecancarryit.

whetherthat

在表示“堅持，命令，建議，要求”等意思的名詞后同位語從句，常用虛擬語氣(should)+do，should可省略。

Theteachergaveusorder

thatwe(should)gettherebefore6a.m.

2023/7/17同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別____________是形容詞性的從句,它與先行詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。_____________是名詞性從句，是對前面名詞作進一步的補充性解釋說明。定語從句同位語從句Iheardthenews_______theywonthebattle.

___________Tomtoldus.thatthat/which同位語從句，擴充說明抽象名詞具體容，that不做成分，但不可省略定語從句，進行修飾限定，that做成分，可省略1.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportis

thataheavystormiscoming.Tellthedifference同位語從句定語從句that指代先行詞news,在從句中做主語。that連詞，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分，不可省。3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.Tellthedifference同位語從句定語從句三Conjunctions連接詞從屬連詞連接代詞連接副詞that（無詞義）,whether,if（是否）asif/asthough(好像)what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverwhen,where,how,why

有詞義，但不做成分有詞義，做主，賓，表，定語有詞義，做狀語成分

四Keypoints&

Difficulties1.名詞性從句的語序2.it代替主語從句和賓語從句的用法3.What與that的用法區(qū)別4.that省略與否問題5.whether與if的用法區(qū)別6.Whoever,whatever,whichever與nomatterwho,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich的區(qū)別7.名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的考察8.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別名詞性從句中常見問題2023/7/17that的省略與否問題一1.ThattheyaregoodatEnglishisknowntousall.2.Theproblemisthatwedon’thaveenoughmoney.3.Sheexpressedthehopethat

theywouldcometoChinaoneday.結(jié)論1：一般情況下，在______________________從句中，

that不可省略。主語、同位語、表語2023/7/17Iheard(that)hejoinedthearmy.結(jié)論2：在_________通?？梢允÷?。Hesaid(that)themeetingwasveryimportantand

thatweshouldtakepartinit.賓語從句但在賓語從句中，有情況that不可省略。2023/7/17Iamsatisfiedthatwhatshouldbedonehasalreadydone.結(jié)論3：在由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，賓語從句本身又是復(fù)合句，that不可以省略。2023/7/17---Whatdidyoutellhimyesterday?---ThatIwouldgoabroad.結(jié)論4：在簡短回答中，賓語從句中that不可以省略。2023/7/17Idon’tdoubt,inanycase,thathewillsucceed.結(jié)論5：在主從句之間插入了一個時間狀語或其他短語時，that不可以省略。2023/7/17whetherorif?二2023/7/17whether與if均為“是否”的意思。但在下情況下，只能用whether.Whetherhewillcomeisunknown.

2.

表語從句.Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.3.

同位語從句.Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisnotdecided.

1.

主語從句.

（主語從句中，it作形式主語時，可用if)4.從句作介詞的賓語。I’mnotinterestedinwhetherthey’llgoornot.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.直接跟不定式連用(todo)。Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.6.賓語從句提前時。Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.7.在動詞discuss后的賓語從句中。Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，if意為“如果”時。We’llgohikingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.用if不用whether的情況.用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow__________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5.______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.7.________yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifferences.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf

Whether典型例題_______we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.

A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where典型例題Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.

A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why典型例題三名詞性從句的語序1.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea________?

whereisthepartytobeheldwherethepartyistobeheldifapartyistobeheldwhetherisapartytobeheld

名詞性從句的語序必須是________________。陳述語序2.Thephotographswillshowyou_______．

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike3.Heasked_______foraviolin.

A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid

★四.名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題

(1)在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣"(should)+do",常用的句型有:Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange…)that從句

Itisapity(ashame,nowonder…)that從句

Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired…)that從句

Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent______atleastaforeignlanguage.

mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmaster

典型例題(2)賓語從句中表示建議、請求、命令、要求、堅持等及

物動詞后面的從句要用虛擬語氣,常用動詞：suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command等。

Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.(3)表語從句中主語是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表示"建議、請求、要求、決定等"意思的詞時,

謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣"(should)+do"。如:

Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)holdanothermeetingtodiscussthequestion.

2023/7/17五.Whoever,whatever,whichever

與

nomatterwhonomatterwhatnomatterwhich的區(qū)別2023/7/17whoever,whatever,whichever

即可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句nomatterwho,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句

_______teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.

A.NomatterwhichB.NomatterwhatC.WhicheverD.Whatever

2.I’lltreasure____yougiveme.thatB.nomatterwhatC.whateverD.nomatterwhich

3._______________________seasonitis,themanalwayswearshisfunny-lookinghat.Whatever/Nomatterwhat

2023/7/17ErrorCorrection1.Thatshewantstoknowiswhenthepartywillbeheld.3.Nomatterwhodiditshouldberesponsibleforit.4.Ifthemeetingwillbeheldthisafternoonisnotknownyet.WhatWhoeverWhether6.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasbecausehewascaughtinatrafficjam.7.Idoubtthathehastheabilitytodoitwell.9.Hesaidhewaswrongandhewantedtomakeanapologytous.10.HeexpressedhishopehewouldvisitChinaagain.thatwhetherthatthat12.Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.whoever

isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.ItD高考再現(xiàn)

2.

wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan

wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,that D.That,whatA高考再現(xiàn)3.Whatapity_____is_____youdidn’tarrivebydaylight. A.there,becauseB.it,that C.he,whenD.that,forB高考再現(xiàn)4.Wearereadytodo______thecountrywantsustodo. A.what B.which C.nomatterwhat D.whateverD高考再現(xiàn)

5.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter

itwas?A.whereB.whatC.howD.which6.It’sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild

heorshewants.A.however B.whateverC.whichever D.whereverDB高考再現(xiàn)2023/7/172023/7/17模擬考題★1._______isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It★2.Ihate_______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

A.itB.thatC.thisD.them

it作形式主語或形式賓語考點二___________是連詞，在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，即后面跟的是一個完整的句子。而____________是連接代詞，在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，通常充當(dāng)主語，賓語，表語。即后面跟的是一個不完整的句子高考真題★_____wasmostimportanttoherwasherfamily.[2008高考山東卷]

A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As★—It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.—ButIstillrememberedthestory___wegotlostonarainynight.[2006高考四川卷]

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whenwhat&thatthatwhat考點三Theearthisround,_________isknowntoeverybody.as/which2.____isknowntoeverybody,theearthisround.As3.______theearthisroundisknowntoeverybody.That4.____isknowntoeverybodythattheearthisround.It5.Everybodyknows_____theearthisround.(that)非限定性定從非限定性定從主語從句主語從句賓語從句綜合運用6._____surprisedusverymuchthatourteacherleftwithoutaword.7.______surprisedusverymuchwasthatourteacherleftwithoutaword.ItWhat1.Whathewantsisabook.2.Itissonicethat