2021-2022學(xué)年貴州省遵義市鴨溪鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)高二英語期末試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年貴州省遵義市鴨溪鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)高二英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.We_____forherbecauseshenevercame.A.mustn’thavewaited

B.shouldn’thavewaited

C.mustn’twait

D.needn’twait參考答案：Bshouldnothavedone表示“過去不應(yīng)該做而做了某事”，含有“后悔”、“責(zé)備”、“勸告”，“批評”之意。2.

Thedisabilitymakeseverydaylifedifficultand______societyshouldtreat______disabledwithdignityandrespect.A.the;the

B.不填；the

C.

a;a

D.the;不填參考答案：B3.—Jack,don’tjustrepeatwhat_____teacherofourclasshastoldus.Trytoexpressyourselfinyourownwords.☆考♂資♀源€網(wǎng)—OK.Er…,couldIhave_____discussionwithmyclassmatesfirst?A.the,the

B.a,a

C.a,the

D.the,a參考答案：D略4.GMM’sfriend:Justbecareful.Youmaybreaktheantiquevase.GuoMeimei:

_________?Myboyfriendhasnothingbutmoney.A.Whynot

B.Howcome

C.Sowhat

D.Whatfor參考答案：C5.Thelightwillbethrown______thecauseofcancerbyresearchthatisnowinprogress.

A.to

B.upon

C.in

D.for參考答案：B35.---Wouldyouliketohavesupperwithme?

---Yes,_________.A.I'dlike

B.I'dlikegoing

C.I'dliketodo

D.I'dliketo參考答案：D略7.---Howdoyouliketheparty?---Wonderful.Ifyouhadcomewithus,you________agoodtime.A.had

B.hadhad

C.wouldhave

D.wouldhavehad參考答案：D8.Shewentoutangrily_______Irealizedwhatwashappening.A.while

B.after

C.before

D.when參考答案：C9.——Ifailedinthedrivingtest.——Don'tbesodisappointed.___________,you'llhaveonemorechanceoftryingit.

A.Atall

B.Afterall

C.Inall

D.Aboveall參考答案：B

10.—Look!Hernewdressissobeautiful.—Isawonelikethisinashopyesterday,but

Ididn’thavemycreditcardwithmeorI’dcertainlyhaveboughtit.A.unnecessarily

B.undoubtedly

C.unsurprisingly D.unfortunately參考答案：D11.Theoldfarmerhasonesonandtwodaughters,______arekindtohim,______makeshimsad.

A.neitherofthem;which

B.allofwhom;which

C.noneofthem;it

D.noneofwhom;which參考答案：D12.Itisinthisvillage,______Marywasborn35yearsago,______shewillbuildherfirstschool,_____inspireseveryonetohelpher.A.that;when;which

B.where;that;which

C.that;when;that

D.where;when;that參考答案：B13.Londonistheonlycityintheworld_______takingataxiisaninterestingexperiencefortourists.A.where

B.that

C.which D.whose參考答案：A14.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher____theresultofthetest.A.islookingforwardtoknow

B.arelookingforwardtoknowingC.islookingforwardtoknowing

D.arelookingforwardtoknow參考答案：C15.Wegivedogstime,space,andlovewecanspare,and____________,dogsgiveustheirall.A.inall

B.inreturn

C.inshort

D.infact參考答案：B16.I’mverysorry,Ireallydon’t_________you.A.meanharm

B.meantoharm

C.meanharming

D.meantobeharmed參考答案：

B17.Withsomany____outside,Ifindithardtofocusonmywork.A.noiseB.distractionsC.distributionsD.contributions參考答案：B18.Hecouldn’t________thefactthatthemoneywasfoundinhishouse.A．a(chǎn)nswerfor

B．leaveforC．a(chǎn)ccountfor

D．carefor參考答案：C19.Allovertheworld,peopledieof________everyday.A.hungry

B.angryC.hunger

D.anger參考答案：C二、完型填空20.MolecularbiologistElizabethBlackburnsharedaNobelPrizeforherresearchontelomeres(端粒)—structuresatthetipsofchromosomes(染色體）thatplayakeyroleincellularaging.___31___shewasfrustratedthattheimportanthealthimplicationsofherworkweren’treachingbeyondacademia.SoalongwithpsychologistElissaEpel,shehaspublishedherfindingsinanewbook___32___ageneralaudience--layingoutascientificcasethatmaygivereaders____33____tokeeptheirnewyear'sresolutionstonotsmoke,eatwell,sleepenough,exerciseregularly，and___34___stress.ThemainmessageofTheTelomereEffect,beingpublishedTuesday,isthatyouhavemorecontroloveryourownagingthanyoumayimagine.Youcanactually___35___yourtelomeres—andperhapsyourlife—byfollowingsoundhealthadvice,theauthorsargue,basedonareviewofthousandsofstudies.“Telomereslistentoyou,theylistentoyour___36___，theylistentoyourstateofmind，”saidBlackburn,presidentoftheSalkInstituteforBiologicalStudiesinLaJolia,Calif.TelomeressitattheendofthestrandsofDNA,likethe___37___capsonshoelaces.Stressfromaroughlifestylewillshortenthosecaps,makingitmorelikelythatcellswill___38___dividingandessentiallydie.Toomanyofthesecellsaccelerate___39___，thepairsay.Thisdoesn’tcauseanyparticulardisease,butresearchsuggeststhatitspeedsupthetimewhenwhateveryourgeneshaveinstorewilloccur--soifyou’re___40___toheartdisease，you'remorelikelytogetityoungerifyourtelomeresareshorter,saidEpel,directoroftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco’sAging,MetabolismandEmotionsCenter.“Wecanprovideanewlevelofspecificityandtellpeoplemorepreciselywithclues___41___fromtelomerescienceaboutwhatexactly___42___isrelatedtolongtelomeres,whatexactfoodsarerelatedtolongtelomeres,whataspectsofsleeparemorerelatedtolongtelomeres,”Epeladded.OtherresearchersinthefieldpraisedBlackburnandEpel’seffortstomaketelomereresearchrelevanttothegeneralpublic,___43___severalwarnedthatitrisked___44___thescience.“Ithinkit’saverydifficultthingtoprovethatlifestylecanaffecttelomerelengthandthereforelifespan,”saidHarvardgeneticistandanti-agingresearcherDavidSinclair.“Togetcause-effectinhumansis___45___，soit’sbasedonassociations.”31.A.Hence B.Furthermore C.But D.And32.A.referredto B.addressedto C.aimedat D.informedof33.A.implication B.warning C.appealing D.motivation34.A.cutdownon B.contributeto C.layemphasison D.addto35.A.enhance B.lengthen C.shorten D.simplify36.A.extinction B.behaviors C.instincts D.attitudes37.A.influential B.inevitable C.progressive D.protective38.A.initiate B.neglect C.cease D.maintain39.A.humanhealth B.humanaging C.humanresolution D.psychologicalstress40.A.relevant B.sensitive C.reluctant D.dedicated41.A.emerging B.suffering C.profiting D.suspending42.A.illness B.gene C.smoking D.exercise43.A.though B.because C.so D.or44.A.overestimating B.oversimplifying C.underestimating D.over-viewing45.A.impropriate B.impossible C.irrelevant D.imaginary參考答案：31.C

32.C

33.D

34.A

35.B

36.B

37.D

38.C

39.B

40.B

41.A

42.D

43.A

44.B

45.B這是一篇說明文。分子生物學(xué)家伊麗莎白·布萊克本(ElizabethBlackburn)因?qū)Χ肆！旧w末端的結(jié)構(gòu)，在細胞衰老過程中起著關(guān)鍵作用的研究而分享了諾貝爾獎。但她感到沮喪的是，她的工作對健康的重要影響并沒有超出學(xué)術(shù)界。因此，她和心理學(xué)家埃莉薩·埃佩爾(ElissaEpel)一起，在一本針對普通讀者的新書中發(fā)表了自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?1題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：但令她沮喪的是，她的工作對健康的重要影響并沒有超出學(xué)術(shù)界。A.Hence因此；B.Furthermore此外；C.But但是；D.And和。根據(jù)上文MolecularbiologistElizabethBlackburnsharedaNobelPrizeforherresearchontelomeres可知，此處與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。故C選項正確。【32題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：因此，她和心理學(xué)家埃莉薩·埃佩爾在一本針對普通讀者的新書中發(fā)表了自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.referredto提及；B.addressedto寫信給；C.aimedat針對；D.informedof通知。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指“針對普通讀者”。故C選項正確。【33題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：列出一個科學(xué)案例，可能會給讀者動力，讓他們保持不吸煙、吃得好、睡得好、經(jīng)常鍛煉的新年決心。A.implication含義；B.warning警告；C.appealing吸引；D.motivation動力。故D選項正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：列出一個科學(xué)案例，可能會給讀者動力，讓他們保持不吸煙、吃得好、睡得好、經(jīng)常鍛煉、減少壓力的新年決心。A.cutdownon減少；B.contributeto有助于；C.layemphasison重視；D.addto添加。根據(jù)空前列舉的例子可知，此處指“減少壓力”。故A選項正確。【35題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：根據(jù)對數(shù)千項研究的回顧，作者認為，遵循健康建議實際上可以延長你的端粒長度，甚至延長你的壽命。A.enhance增強；B.lengthen延長；C.shorten縮短；D.simplify簡化。根據(jù)上文ThemainmessageofTheTelomereEffect,beingpublishedTuesday,isthatyouhavemorecontroloveryourownagingthanyoumayimagine.可知，你可以延長你的端粒長度。故B選項正確?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：端粒聽你說話，它們聽你的行為，它們聽你的思想狀態(tài)。A.extinction滅絕；B.behaviors行為；C.instincts本能；D.attitudes態(tài)度。根據(jù)上文Youcanactually___5___yourtelomeres—andperhapsyourlife—byfollowingsoundhealthadvice,可知，此處指“你的行為”。故B選項正確?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：端粒位于DNA鏈的末端，就像鞋帶上的保護帽。A.influential有影響的；B.inevitable不可避免的；C.progressive進步的；D.protective防護的。根據(jù)下文Stressfromaroughlifestylewillshortenthosecaps,makingitmorelikelythatcellswill___8___dividingandessentiallydie.可知，此處指“保護帽”。故D選項正確。【38題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：粗獷的生活方式帶來的壓力會縮短這些細胞帽，使其更有可能停止分裂并最終死亡。A.initiate啟動；B.neglect忽視；C.cease停止；D.maintain維護。根據(jù)essentiallydie可知，此處指這些細胞帽更有可能停止分裂。故C選項正確?！?9題詳解】考查名詞短語辨析。句意：這兩人說，這些細胞太多會加速人類衰老。A.humanhealth人類健康；B.humanaging人類的衰老；C.humanresolution人的分辨力；D.psychologicalstress心理壓力。根據(jù)下文Thisdoesn’tcauseanyparticulardisease,butresearchsuggeststhatitspeedsupthetimewhenwhateveryourgeneshaveinstorewilloccur可知，此處指加速人類衰老。故B選項正確?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：因此，如果你對心臟病很敏感，端粒越短，你就越有可能患上心臟病。A.relevant相關(guān)的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.reluctant不情愿的；D.dedicated專用的。根據(jù)you'remorelikelytogetityoungerifyourtelomeresareshorter可知，此處指對心臟病敏感。故B選項正確?！?1題詳解】考查動詞（短語）辨析。句意：我們可以提供一個新的水平的特異性，并告訴人們更準確的線索來自端?？茖W(xué)。A.emergingfrom從……顯露出來；B.sufferingfrom遭受；C.profitingfrom從……受益；D.suspendingfrom從^懸吊下來。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指來自于端?？茖W(xué)。故A選項正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：到底是什么運動與端粒有關(guān)，什么食物與端粒有關(guān)，睡眠的哪些方面與端粒更有關(guān)。A.illness疾??；B.gene基因；C.smoking吸煙；D.exercise運動。根據(jù)下文whatexactfoods…whataspectsofsleep…可知，此處指運動。故D選項正確?！?3題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：該領(lǐng)域的其他研究人員贊揚了布萊克本和埃佩爾使端粒研究與普通大眾相關(guān)的努力，盡管一些人警告說這可能會使科學(xué)過于簡單化。A.though盡管；B.because因為；C.so所以；D.or或者，否則。根據(jù)句意可知，此是讓步狀語從句。故A選項正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：該領(lǐng)域的其他研究人員贊揚了布萊克本和埃佩爾使端粒研究與普通大眾相關(guān)的努力，盡管一些人警告說這可能會使科學(xué)過于簡單化。A.overestimating高估；B.oversimplifying簡單化；C.underestimating低估；D.over-viewing綜述。根據(jù)上文aboutwhatexactly___12___isrelatedtolongtelomeres,whatexactfoodsarerelatedtolongtelomeres,whataspectsofsleeparemorerelatedtolongtelomeres可知，此處指一些人警告說這可能會使科學(xué)過于簡單化。故B選項正確。【45題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：在人類身上獲得因果關(guān)系是不可能的，所以它是建立在聯(lián)系的基礎(chǔ)上的。A.impropriate以此方式移交的；B.impossible不可能的；C.irrelevant無關(guān)緊要的；D.imaginary虛構(gòu)的。根據(jù)上文Ithinkit’saverydifficultthingtoprovethatlifestylecanaffecttelomerelengthandthereforelifespan,可知，哈佛大學(xué)遺傳學(xué)家、抗衰老研究員戴維·辛克萊認為在人類身上獲得因果關(guān)系是不可能的。故B選項正確。21.EverytimeIpassedboyswhowereplayingbasketball,Istoppedtosilentlywatchthem.Ireallyenviedthem.Butasagirl,IoncethoughtthatIcould

16

playbasketball.

IlikeplayingbasketballthoughI'mnotgoodatit.I'vehadabasketball17

Iwasachild.Atfirst,Icouldplayfreelybecausenoone

18

whenIwasjustakid.ButasIgrewupitseemedharderandharderformetoenjoybasketball.Atschool,itwasalwaystheboyswhoplayedbasketballduringPEclasses.Thegirlswere19

allowedtoplayvolleyballorbadminton.Myparentsdidnot

20

meplaybasketballathome."Basketballisnotfitforgirls,"theysaid.

21

Iwenttoplaybasketballwithmyfriends,boys

22

atmeonthecourtasifIwereanalien.Iwasfeeling

23

andhadlosthopeofplayingbasketball.24,somethingchangedthefirstdayofhighschool.Imadesomefriendswhoalsoenjoyedplayingbasketball.They

25

metogetbackonthecourt.Oneofthemtoldmewithasmile,"Goyourown

26

,letotherstalk."Thisgirlwouldalwaysplaybasketballwithme.Eventheboywhosatnexttomeinclasstalkedabout

27

withmealmosteveryday.Iwasinspiredbythem.Confidenceandpassion

28tomyheart.Iamreadytostandupandplay.IwillplayaswellasIcan,

29

forme,eventheskyisboundless(無垠的).Basketballhasbecomeanimportantpartofmy

30.Iaminterestedinit.Iwatchmatchesandenjoyplayingalmosteveryday.Throughbasketball,notonlydoIfeelhappyandconfident,butalso31

alot.I'veheardtheNBAstarTracyMcGradysay,"Nothingisimpossible."ItisfromanadvertisementonTV.Ihave

32

torealizethatlifeisjustlikeplayingbasket:ball.Youshouldhavean

33.Afterthat,justbeconfidentand

34

going.Nevergiveupandyou'llmakeitsoonerorlater.IlovethemottooftheNBA.Itcan35

mystrongfeelingsforbasketball,"Ilovethisgame!"16.A.ever

B.often

C.never

D.always17.A.when

B.before

C.after

D.since18.A.struggled

B.eared

C.enjoyed

D.joined19.A.only

B.almost

C.hardly

D.not20.A.encourage

B.agree

C.let

D.permit21.A.Still

B.Yet

C.Just

D.Even22.A.looked

B.glared

C.glanced

D.stared23.A.up

B.down

C.excited

D.satisfied24.A.Unluckily

B.Naturally

C.Unexpectedly

D.Clearly25.A.encouraged

B.forbade

C.ensured

D.explored26.A.effort

B.way

C.business

D.direction27.A.basketball

B.sports

C.interests

D.dreams28.A.stuck

B.referred

C.turned

D.returned29.A.but

B.though

C.and

D.however30.A.wish

B.life

C.work

D.study31.A.experience

B.grow

C.learn

D.play32.A.come

B.turned

C.refused

D.happened33.A.idea

B.aim

C.opinion

D.effort34.A,insist

B.remain

C.keep

D.last35.A.inform

B.express

C.ignore

D.connect

參考答案：16-20CDBAC

21-25DDBCA

26-30BADCB

31-35CABCB三、閱讀理解22.Aperson,likeacommodity（商品）,needspackaging.Butgoingtoofarislyundesirable.Alittleexaggeration(夸張)willdonoharmwhenitshowstheperson'suniquequalitiestotheiradvantages.Toshowpersonalattractivenessinacasualandnaturalway,itisimportantforonetohaveaclearknowledgeofoneself.Askilledpackagerknowshowtoaddarttonaturewithoutanysignsofembellishmentsothatthepersonsopackagedisnotacommodity,butahumanbeing,livelyandlovely.Ayoungperson,especiallyafemale,shiningwithbeautyandfulloflife,hasallthefavorgranted.Youthhowever,comesandgoesinaflash.Packagingforthemiddle-agedisprimarilytohidethemarksmadebyyears.Ifyoustillenjoylifeenoughtokeepself-confidenceandworkatpioneeringwork,youareuniqueinyournaturalqualities,andyourattractivenessandgracewillremain.Elderlypeoplearebeautifuliftheirriveroflifehasbeen,throughplains,mountainsandjungles,runningitscourseasitshould.Youhavereallylivedyourlife,whichnowarrivesataself-satisfiedstageofquietnessandcalmnesswithnointerestinfameorwealth.Thereisnoneedtomakeuseofhairdyeing.Thesnow-cappedmountainitselfisabeautifulsceneoffairyland.Letyourlookschangefromyoungtooldinstepwiththenaturalageingprocesssoastokeepinharmonywithnature,forharmonyitselfisbeauty,whiletheotherwayroundwillonlyendinunpleasantness.Tobeinthecompanyoftheelderlyislikereadingathickbookofgoodedition,whichattractsonesomuchthatoneisunwillingtopartwithit.Aslongasonefindswhereonestands,oneknowshowtopackageoneself,justasacommoditysetsupitsbrandbytherightpackaging.11.Theunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraphisclosesttotheword______inmeaning.A.decoration

B.clarification...C.movement

D.identification12.Itcanbeconcludedfromthetextthat______.A.peopleshouldbepackagedatallagesB.peopleshouldbepackagedinaspecialwayC.elderlypeoplealsocareaboutpackagingD.properpackagingmakespeopleattractive13.Forthemiddle-aged,attractiveness______.A.hardlyexists

B.isthestrongestC.comesfromtheinside

D.comesfromtheappearance14.Accordingtotheauthor,ifyouwanttokeepinharmonywithnature,youshould______.A.dyeyourhair

B.makeupatayoungageC.followtheageingprocess

D.giveupfameandwealth15.Theunderlinedsentencemeansthatelderlypeople______.A.areusuallypackagedlikeafinely-madebookB.experiencealotandhaverichknowledgeoflifeC.doalotoftravelingandcangiveyoumuchinformationD.enjoyreadingthickbooksaboutbeautifulnatureandfairyland參考答案：11.A

12.D

13.C

14.C

15.B試題分析：人和商品一樣也需要包裝，適當(dāng)?shù)陌b會讓人更加有魅力，但是過度的包裝會適得其反，實際上每個年齡階段都有自己獨特的美，所以作者認為我們要遵循變老的過程，和自然和諧。11.詞義推測題。從第一段的句子：Askilledpackagerknowshowtoaddarttonaturewithoutanysignsof可知一個有技巧的包裝紙知道怎么增加自然的美不用裝飾，所以embellishment相當(dāng)于decoration，選A12.細節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段的句子：sothatthepersonsopackagedisnotacommodity,butahumanbeing,livelyandlovely.可知適當(dāng)?shù)陌b使人們更加有吸引力，選D13.細節(jié)理解題。從第二段的句子：Packagingforthemiddle-agedisprimarilytohidethemarksmadebyyears.Ifyoustillenjoylifeenoughtokeepself-confidenceandworkatpioneeringwork,youareuniqueinyournaturalqualities,andyourattractivenessandgracewillremain.可知對于中年人來說：吸引力是來自于內(nèi)在的，選C14.細節(jié)理解題。從第二段的句子：Letyourlookschangefromyoungtooldinstepwiththenaturalageingprocesssoastokeepinharmonywithnature,forharmonyitselfisbeauty,whiletheotherwayroundwillonlyendinunpleasantness.可知如果你要和自然保持和諧應(yīng)該遵循變老的過程，選C15.句意理解題。從第二段的句子：這句話將老人比喻成一本厚厚的書，可知這句話是說老年人經(jīng)歷了很多，有豐富的人生知識，選B23.Anewstudysaysonepartofthehumanbrainmaybecomesmallerastheresultofaconditionknownasjetlag.Jetlagresultsfromflyinglongdistancesinanairplane.Peoplewithjetlagfeelextremelytiredforseveraldays.Theymayalsohaveproblemsinthinkingclearlyandremembering.RecentlyaresearcherattheUniversityofBristolinBritainreportedthefindingsofhisjetlagstudy,whichinvolvedtwentywomenwhoworkedforinternationalairlines.Theyhadservedpassengersonairplanesforfiveyears.Theseflightattendantsflewacrossmanycountriesandatleastseventimezones.Inthestudy,theflightattendantshaddifferentamountsoftimetorecoverfromjetlag.Halfthewomenspentfivedaysorfewerintheirhomeareasbetweenlongflights.Theotherhalfspentmorethanfourteendaysintheirhomeareas.Theresearchertooksomesalivafromthewomen’smouthstomeasurelevelsofa