a5835師范口譯理論教程21集附課件

第四單元：數(shù)字口譯第四講數(shù)字口譯中常用搭配數(shù)字口譯中常用搭配和數(shù)字相關(guān)的趨勢用語關(guān)于倍數(shù)的譯法籠統(tǒng)數(shù)字表達(dá)具體實(shí)例解析和數(shù)字相關(guān)的趨勢用語表示“增加、上升”的詞匯rise,

grow,

increase,

climb,

go

up,

gain,soar,

jump,

surge,

rocket,

shoot

upspiral表示“減少、下降”的詞匯fall,

decline,

decrease,

drop,

retard,

sink,

come

down,

cut

down表示“達(dá)到……”的詞匯amount

to,

reach,

add

up

to,

number,

run

to,

total,

equal4）修飾“增加或減少”程度的副詞

dramatically→sharply→substantially→considerably→far→much→a

little→slightly→somewhat→marginally

(由極強(qiáng)到極弱)和數(shù)字相關(guān)的趨勢用語5）表示趨勢變化時常搭配使用的介詞to:增加或減少“到”by:增加或減少“了”of,at:接數(shù)字The

company’s

crew

number

rises

to

150.公司的員工人數(shù)增加到150。The

company’s e

decreases

by

3%.公司的收入減少了3%。The

factory

has

a

number

of

29

newmachines.工廠有29臺新機(jī)器。The

factory’s

first

season

export

remains

at50

000

dollars.工廠第一季度出口仍保持在5萬美元。和數(shù)字相關(guān)的趨勢用語2.關(guān)于倍數(shù)的譯法A

是B

的X

倍。A

is

X

times

as

...

as

B.A比B大X倍。A

isXtimesbigger（形容詞比較級）than

B

.或A

is

(X+1)times

asmuch

as

B.（1）關(guān)于倍數(shù)的表達(dá)名詞+n

times+名詞例：This

building

is

two

times

the

height

of

that

one.這座樓是那座樓的兩倍高。名詞+n

times+形容詞比較級+than+名詞例：This

bridge

is

three

times

longer

than

that

one.這座橋比那座橋長三倍。名詞+n

times+what

引導(dǎo)從句例：This

city

is

now

two

times

what

it

was

30

years

ago.這座城市是三十年前的兩倍大。表示兩倍、三倍、四倍twice/double,

triple,quadruple例：Compared

with

the

rice

production

in

1990,the

production

in

1995

doubled,the

production

in2000

tripled

and

the

production

in

2008quadrupled.翻譯：1995年的大米產(chǎn)量是1990年的兩倍（比1990年翻一番），2000年的大米產(chǎn)量是1990年的三倍，

2008年的大米產(chǎn)量是1990年的四倍（比1990年翻兩番）。表示五倍及以上five

times,

six

times,seven

times等（1）關(guān)于倍數(shù)的表達(dá)（2）關(guān)于分?jǐn)?shù)的譯法較為普遍的：1/5

one

fifth,3/7

three

sevenths“3timeslessthan”這類表達(dá),也可譯成分?jǐn)?shù)。 公式：(n-1)/nA

is

n

times

less

than

B.A比B小(n-1)/n。A

is

three

times

less

than

B.A比B小三分之二。例：The

export e

of

this

year

is

five

times

less

than

that

of

last

year.今年的出口收入比去年低了五分之四。（今年的進(jìn)口收入是去年的五分之一）。3.籠統(tǒng)數(shù)字表達(dá)幾個some,

a

few,several,

anumber

of,十幾個more

than

a

dozen,overa

dozen,no

more

than

twenty

幾十個dozens

of好幾百個hundreds

of成千上萬thousands

of幾十萬hundreds

of

thousands

of數(shù)以百萬millions

of億萬hundreds

of

millions

of幾十年decades

of八十好幾o(hù)ver

eighty4.具體實(shí)例解析例1

：今年的銷售額飆升到230萬美元，比去年翻了一番。翻譯：Compared

with

last

year’s

sale,this

year’s

doubled

and

soarsto

2.3

million

dollars.解析：這里飆升可以用soar，也可用surge,jump“到”用介詞to；翻了一番，即去年的兩倍，可用double(v.)，或two

times

as.例2：這個月公司的收入急劇增加，較去年同期增加了三倍，達(dá)到數(shù)百萬美元。翻譯：Compared

with

this

time

last

year,

the

company’s

edramatically

increases

by

three

times

this

month,

amounting

tomillions

of

dollars.解析：“急劇”修飾“增加”，

dramatically,sharply，considerably“增加”還可以rise,grow,climb,go

up,gain等來表示“達(dá)到”amount

to,

reach,addup

to,number,run

to