2023屆高三英語常考詞匯背誦資料匯總

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目錄

1.詞匯變形............................................................3-14

2.英語名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)；動詞現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式，形容詞、副詞的比較級別，形容詞變

副詞規(guī)則規(guī)律...........................................................15-19

3.高中英語詞組大全...................................................20-30

4.熟詞生義...........................................................31-39

5.?？纪晷驮~匯背誦...................................................40-43

6.常考閱讀詞匯背誦...................................................43-51

一、詞匯變形:

A組單詞

V.ii.adj.adv.

academy學(xué)會，研究院academic學(xué)業(yè)的，學(xué)術(shù)的

actual事實(shí)上actually

appoint任命,指定appointment約會，任命，職務(wù)

disableenableabilitydisabilityableunabledisabled

absence缺席，不在absent缺席的

absorb吸收absorbed

accept接受，贊成acceptanceacceptable

access入口accessible可進(jìn)入的，易得到的

accident事故accidental意外的accidentally

accomplish完成accomplishment

achieve達(dá)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)achievement

act行動，表現(xiàn)，表演actionactivityact

activate激活，使活化activity活動active積極的

addict使上癮addictionaddicted

add加additionadditional

adjust調(diào)整adjustmentadjustable

admire欽佩，仰慕admirationadmirable

admit承認(rèn)，接納admission

advance前進(jìn)，發(fā)展advance進(jìn)步，發(fā)展advanced

advantagedisadvantage

advertise登廣告，公布advertisement

advise建議，告知advice

ageageaged...歲的，年老的，老化的

agree同意agreement

agriculture農(nóng)業(yè)agricultural

allow允許，促使，讓allowance津貼,補(bǔ)助，定量

amaze使驚奇amazementamazing/amazed

ambition雄心、ambitious有抱負(fù)的

amuse逗樂，消遣amusementamusing/amused

analyze分析analysis

anger生氣angryangrily

announce宣布，公布announcement

annoy使煩惱，打擾annoying/annoyed

annual每年的annually

anxiety焦慮，憂慮anxiousanxiously

apologize道歉apology

appear出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)appearance

apply申請，應(yīng)用applicant/application

appreciate欣賞,感激appreciation

approvedisapproveapprovaldisapproval（同意，贊成，批準(zhǔn)）

argue主張，認(rèn)為，爭辯argument

arrange安排，整理arrangement

arrive達(dá)到，抵達(dá)arrival

assist幫助assistant/assistance

associate聯(lián)想,聯(lián)系association

astonish使吃驚astonishmentastonished/astonishing

attract吸引attractionattractive

affect(影響)effect影響，作用，效果

athleteathleticsathletic運(yùn)動的

awareness認(rèn)識，意識aware

accuracy準(zhǔn)確性,精確性accurate

account認(rèn)為，解釋accountaccountant（賬戶，）

adapt適應(yīng)，調(diào)整adaptation

alcohol酒精alcoholic

B.C組單詞

V.n.adj.adv.

balance平衡balancebalanced

base以…為基礎(chǔ)basebasisbasicbasically

bathe洗澡，灑滿bath

beauty美麗beautiful

believe相信beliefdisbeliefbelievableunbelievable

benefit對...有益benefitbeneficial

bravery勇氣，勇敢bravebravely

breathe呼吸breathbreathless

behave行為,表現(xiàn)behavior

bore使厭煩，使討厭boredomboringbored

cheer歡呼，喝彩，鼓勵cheercheerful

curiosity好奇心curious

calculate計(jì)算calculationcalculator

care照顧，在意，喜歡care/carelessnesscareful/careless

caution警告，提醒caution小心，謹(jǐn)慎,提醒cautious

celebrate慶祝celebration

center中心central

character/characteristic特征characteristic典型的,獨(dú)特的

choose選擇choicechosechosen過去式/分詞

cloud云cloudy

collect收集,收藏collection收藏品，募捐

comfort安慰，復(fù)位comfort舒服，舒適comfortable舒適的

compete競爭，對抗competition/competitorcompetitive

concentrate使集中concentration

conclude斷定，結(jié)束conclusion結(jié)論

confidence自信confident

condition條件,狀況conditionalunconditional

consciousness知覺，意識consciousunconscious

congratulate祝賀congratulation

connect聯(lián)系，連接connectionconnected

consider考慮considerationconsiderate

construct建造construction

contribute捐贈，貢獻(xiàn)contribution

(in)convenienceconvenientinconvenient

correct改正，糾正correctioncorrectincorrect(in)correctly

create創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)建creation/creator/creativitycreative

casualcasually

challenge挑戰(zhàn)challengechallenging

chemistrychemicalchemical化學(xué)的

clarify澄清，闡明clear明白的，清楚的

city城市citizen市民

combine結(jié)合，組合combination

commit犯（罪）承諾commitment

accompany陪伴companycompanion

compose組成，作曲…composercomposition

concern有關(guān)，擔(dān)心concernconcerned

confuse使困惑confusionconfusingconfused

consist由…組成consistencyconsistent

consult咨詢，請教consultant

consume消耗，吃consumerconsumption

convention習(xí)俗，慣例conventional習(xí)慣的，常規(guī)的

convince說服,勸服convincingconvinced

crime罪行criminal罪犯criminal犯罪的

crowd聚集crowd人群crowded

culture文化cultural

cycle騎車recycle循環(huán)cyclist

D.E組單詞

V.n.adj.adv.

endanger使處于危險匚idangerdangerousendangered

darkness黑暗，深色dark

decide決定decision

decorate裝飾，裝修decoration

defend保衛(wèi)，防御，捍衛(wèi)defensedefence

delight使高興delight高興delighteddelightful

depend依靠，取決于independenceindependent

deepen變深，加深depthdeep

describe描述description

determine決定determinationdetermined

develop發(fā)展developmentdeveloping/developed

devote獻(xiàn)身devotiondevoted

differ不同于differencedifferent

difficultydifficult

direct指導(dǎo),指引，指示directordirection

disagree不同意disagreement

disappoint使失望disappointmentdisappointed/disappointing

discourage使泄氣discouragementdiscouraged/discouraging

discover發(fā)現(xiàn)discovery

discuss討論discussion

disgust使反感disgustdisgustingdisgusted

distance疏遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)離distance距離，遠(yuǎn)處distant遙遠(yuǎn)的,冷淡的

diversity多樣性diverse不同的

eagernesseager熱切的，渴望的

east東方eastern

ease減輕，緩和，放松ease容易，舒適，自在easy簡答的easily

excite使興奮excitementexciting/excitedexcitedly

extreme極其的extremely

educate教育，培養(yǎng)education/educatoreducated

affect影響，感染，深深打動effecteffective

employ雇用，忙于(un)employmentunemployed

encourage鼓勵encouragementencouraging/encouraged

enter進(jìn)入entrance

entertain娛樂entertainmententertaining

equal等于，比得上equalityequalequally

equip裝備，配備equipment不可數(shù)equipped

examine檢查，調(diào)查examination

exhibit表現(xiàn)出,展覽exhibition

expect期待expectation

experience經(jīng)歷，遭遇experienceexperienced

expense費(fèi)用，代價expensive

exist存在existence存在

explain解釋explanation

express表達(dá)expression

enjoy享受，欣賞enjoymentenjoyable

energy能量，精力energetic

explode爆炸,迸發(fā)explosion

extend延伸，擴(kuò)大extension

explore探索，探究，考察explorerexploration

FG組單詞

V.n.adj.adv.

face面對，面臨，正視face臉，面部，表面facial

fail失敗failure失敗

fairness公平fair集市fairfairly

faith信念，信心faithful忠實(shí)的，忠誠的faithfully

fall降落，落下，跌倒fall落下，秋天，瀑布falling,fallen

familiarity精通，通曉familiar熟悉的

fame名聲famous

fantasy幺J想，想象fantastic極好的

fascinate深深吸引fascination入迷fascinated;fascinating

fashion時尚fashionable

favour偏愛，支持favour支持，喜愛，幫忙favourablefavorite

fear害怕,畏懼,擔(dān)心fear恐懼,擔(dān)心fearful;fearless

feel覺得，感受到feeling感覺

fight打架，爭吵，爭取fight,fighter

finance提供資金finance財政，金融financialfinancially

firm公司firm結(jié)實(shí)的，牢固的firmly

fix修理，維修，處理fixed固定的，確定的

fluency流利，流暢fluentfluently

fog霧foggy

fool愚弄，開玩笑fool傻瓜foolish愚蠢的foolishly

forget忘［己forgetfulness健忘，忽略forgetfulunforgettable

fortune命運(yùn)，財富fortunatefortunately

free釋放，使免于freedom自由free自由的，免費(fèi)的freely

freeze結(jié)冰，凍住freezing冷的

frequency頻繁，頻率frequentfrequently

frighten使驚嚇fright恐怖，驚駭frightening,frightened

furnish為…配備家具furniture家具furnished

gather聚集，召集gathering聚集，聚會

gift禮物,天賦gifted有天賦的

gold金子gold,golden

goods貨物，商品goodwell

govern統(tǒng)治，管理government政府

grace優(yōu)美，文雅graceful優(yōu)美的，得體的gracefully

gradual逐漸的gradually

graduate畢業(yè)graduation

greed貪婪greedy貪婪的，貪心的greedily

greet問候，歡迎greeting問候

grow生長，逐漸變得growth生長

guarantee保證,擔(dān)保guarantee保證

guide帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)guide向?qū)?，guidance弓|導(dǎo)

guilt罪行g(shù)uilty

H--L組單詞

V.n.adj.adv.

identify認(rèn)出，識別identity身份/identification

ignore忽視ignoranceignorant

illness病ill

imagine想象imaginationimaginative/

immigrate移入，移民immigrant/immigration

impress使留下印象impressionimpressive

improve改善，提高improvement

increase增加increaseincreasingincreasingly

industry產(chǎn)業(yè)，工業(yè)industrial

infect傳染，侵染infection傳染病infectious/infected

influence影響influence影響influential

inform通知,告知informationinformed

injure使受傷,損害injuryinjured

innocence天真，單純，清白innocent

inspect檢查，審視inspection視察，審視

inspire激勵，鼓舞inspirationinspiring/inspired

instruct指示，指導(dǎo)instruction/instructorinstructive

insure保證，確保insurance保險

intelligence智力，才智intelligent

intend打算，想要intention意圖,目的

interrupt打擾interruption

interpret解釋，口譯interpreter/interpretation

judge判斷，認(rèn)為judg(e)ment

justify為……辯解justice公平,正義just正義的，公平的just正好

keep保持，處于keeper監(jiān)護(hù)人，飼養(yǎng)員

kindness善良kind種類kind體貼的

king國王/kingdom王國

knowledge知識knowledgeable

lack缺乏lack缺乏lacking缺乏的

late/later/lately/

laugh笑，嘲笑laughter笑,笑聲

law法律/lawyer律師

lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者/leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)leading

learn學(xué)習(xí),得知learner/learninglearned

lecture講座/lecturer講授者

length長度long

liberate解放,解救liberty自由/liberation解脫

library圖書館/librarian

limit限制,limitation限制limitless/limited

literature文學(xué)literary文學(xué)的

locate建立，確定…位置location位置located位于

logic邏輯logical

loosen變松，放寬loose松的

lose遺失，丟失loss喪失，去世，失落lost迷路的

luck運(yùn)氣luckyluckily

Vnadjadv

madness瘋狂，愚蠢的行為mad生氣的madly

magic魔法/magician魔術(shù)師magical

majority大多數(shù)major重大的，主要的

market市場/marketing促銷

marry結(jié)婚，嫁，娶marriage婚姻，婚禮married結(jié)婚的

mean意味著，打算meaning意思，意義meaningful/meaningless

memory記憶力,記憶memorial紀(jì)念的，追悼的

/memorial紀(jì)念碑，紀(jì)念品

mental精神的，腦力的mentally

mercy仁慈，恩惠merciful/merciless

mess弄亂mess雜亂messy臟的，凌亂的

minority少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族minor

miss想念，錯過missing失蹤的，缺失的

misunderstandmisunderstanding

month月monthly

mood情緒moody脾氣壞的

moral道德moral道德的，morally

motivate激勵，激發(fā)motivation動力，積極性motivatedmotivating

mouth/mouthful一滿口的

moving移動的，令人感

動的/moved感動的

mud泥muddy泥濘的，渾濁的

murder謀殺murder/murderer

music音樂/musician音樂家musical音樂的

mystery神秘的人，奧秘mysterious神秘的

name命名，取名，說出name名字，名聲namely即

narrow使變窄narrow狹窄部分narrow狹窄的narrowly剛好

nation/nationalitynational/nationwide

nature自然naturalnaturally

necessity必要性，必需品necessarynecessarily

negotiate談判，洽談negotiation談判，協(xié)商

neighbor/neighborhood

nerve神經(jīng)nervousnervously

noise噪音，聲音,響聲noisy

normal正常的，普通的normally

north北，北方northern

notice注意，察覺notice注意，通告，布告noticeable明顯的

novel小說/novelist小說家

nutrition營養(yǎng)nutritious有營養(yǎng)的

object反對object物品objection反對objective客觀的

obvious明顯的obviously

occasion時刻，場合occasional偶爾的occasionally

occupy使忙于，占據(jù)occupation工作，職業(yè)occupied忙于…的

offend得罪，冒犯offence犯罪，冒犯offensive

office辦公室，辦事處official正式的，官方的officially

operate操作,運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)operation手術(shù)，操作

/operator操作員，經(jīng)營者

oppose反抗opposed反對的，敵對的

optimism樂觀，樂觀主義/optimistic

optimist樂觀主義者

order命令，點(diǎn)餐order命令指示，順序orderly有條理的

organ器官organic有機(jī)的

organize組織organization/。單anizerorganizeddisorganized

origin起源，起因，出身original起初的，原先的originally

outdoor戶外的，露天的outdoors

pack打包,包裝package包裹，盒

pain疼痛，傷痛painful疼痛的painfully

paint涂，抹，繪畫painting/painter

park停車parking停車，停車場

participate參力口participation參與

/participant參與者

part分開，分離part部分，部位，零件partly部分地

peace和平peacefulpeacefully

perfect完美的perfectly

perform演出,執(zhí)行performance表演，表現(xiàn)

/performer表演者

permit批準(zhǔn)，許可permission同意,許可

person個人，人/personal個人的personally

personality個性，性格，魅

persuade說服，勸服persuasion勸服，說服力persuasive有說服力的

philosophy哲學(xué),基本準(zhǔn)則

/philosopher哲學(xué)家

physicist物理學(xué)家/physicsphysical身體的，物質(zhì)的，physically

物理學(xué)/physician醫(yī)生有形的，物理的

piano/pianist

please使開心pleasure舉哀了，樂事pleasant令人愉快的，愜意的

/pleasing令人高興的，令人滿

意的/pleased高興的，滿意的

poet詩人/poem詩/poetrypoetic詩的

詩歌，詩的意境

poison毒藥，有害的思想poisonous有毒的

politeness禮貌polite禮貌的impolite不politely

禮貌的

politician政治家，政客/political

politics政治

pollute污染，弄臟pollutionpolluted

poverty貧窮poorpoorly

popularity流行，普及popular

possess擁有，持有possession擁有，個人財產(chǎn)

possibility可能性possiblepossibly

potential潛力，可能性potential潛在的potentially

power權(quán)利，力量，電力powerfulpowerfully

practis(c)e練習(xí),實(shí)踐practice實(shí)踐，慣例practical真實(shí)的，實(shí)際practically

的，切實(shí)可行的

pray祈禱，禱告prayer祈文，禱告，祈禱著

precise精確地,準(zhǔn)確的precisely

predict預(yù)言，預(yù)測predictionpredictable

prefer寧可，更喜愛preference偏愛，偏好preferred更合意的

prepare準(zhǔn)備preparationprepared

present贈送，出示，presence出席到場present

遞交，表達(dá)，陳述/presentation演示，展現(xiàn)

prevent阻止，防止prevention預(yù)防，防止

previous以前的，先前的previously

price價格,代價priceless無價的

print打印，出版printing/printer

privacy隱私，秘密private私有的，私營的

probability可能性，概率probable大概的

produce引起，生product產(chǎn)品/producer生productive

產(chǎn),制造產(chǎn)者/production生產(chǎn)，加工

profession職業(yè)professional職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的

program程序/programmer

promise承諾，保證promise承諾，諾言，前途promising有前途希望的

promote促進(jìn)，提倡promotion提拔，促銷

prove證明，結(jié)果是proof證明，證據(jù)，證實(shí)

properproperly

propose提議，求婚，proposal提議，建議，求婚

提出，提名

prosper繁榮，蓬勃prosperity繁榮,成功prosperous繁榮的，富足

發(fā)展的

protect保護(hù)，防護(hù)protection保護(hù)，防護(hù)protective保護(hù)的

pride自豪感，自尊心proud自豪的，得意的proudly

province范圍，領(lǐng)域，省provincial省的，地方的

psychology心理學(xué)psychological心理學(xué)的

/psychologist心理學(xué)家

publication公布，發(fā)表，出版public公眾的，大眾的，publicly

public公眾，大眾公共的

publish出版,發(fā)行publisher出版者,出版商

punish處罰，懲罰punishment

pure純潔的，沒有雜質(zhì)的purely

purpose目的，意圖purposefulpurposely

puzzle使困惑，使迷puzzle拼圖游戲，難題puzzling/puzzled

qualify取得資格，qualification資格qualified

達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

quicken加快quickquickly

quiet安靜的quietly

quote引用，引述quotation弓|文

race快速移動race賽跑，競爭racial種族的，人種的

rain下雨rain雨/rainfall降雨rainy下雨的

rapid快速的rapidly

rare少有的，少見的rarely

react反應(yīng)，過敏reaction反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)

realize了解，意識到reality真實(shí)，現(xiàn)實(shí)realistic務(wù)實(shí)的，實(shí)事求

是的real真實(shí)的，真的

reason推理，推論出reason原因，理由reasonable有道理的reasonably

recent最近的，最新的recently

receive得到，收到reception接待處，接待/

recentionist接待員

recognize認(rèn)識,辨別出recognition承認(rèn)，接受

recommend推薦recommendation

record記錄，記載recorder錄音機(jī)，記錄員

recover恢復(fù)，好轉(zhuǎn)recovery康復(fù)，痊愈，恢復(fù)

reduce減少reduction

refer提到，談及，參考reference提及，查閱

reflect反射，反省reflection反射，深思

refresh使恢復(fù)精神refreshment點(diǎn)心，恢復(fù)活力refreshing/refreshed

regulate控制，管理，調(diào)節(jié)regulation規(guī)章制度,管理regular規(guī)則的，慣常的regularly

reject拒絕，不接受rejection拒絕

relate聯(lián)系，涉及，關(guān)于relation聯(lián)系，關(guān)系/related相關(guān)的,有聯(lián)系

relationship關(guān)系，戀人關(guān)系，的，有親戚關(guān)系的

血緣關(guān)系/relative親戚，親屬/relevant有關(guān)的，切題的

relax放松relaxation休息，消遣relaxed/relaxing

rely依靠,相信reliability可靠性，可信度reliable可靠的，可信賴的

relieve緩解，減輕relief寬慰，緩解，減輕relieved

religion宗教，教派religious

remain保持，留下remains剩余物，遺跡remaining剩下的

remove移開，除去removal移走，去掉

repeat重復(fù)repetition重復(fù)repeated

represent代表representative代表representative典型的

require需要,要求requirement

reserve預(yù)定，保留，儲藏reservation保留，保護(hù)

resign辭職,放棄resignation辭職，順從

resist阻擋，抵抗resistance反對，抵制resistant

respond回答，回應(yīng)response

responsibility責(zé)任responsible

restrict限制，控制restriction限制規(guī)定

retire退休，退出retirement退休retired

revise改變,修正revision修訂，修訂本

revolution革命revolutionary

reward酬謝，獎賞reward獎勵，回報rewarding

richness手曷，曷裕richrichly

ripen成熟ripe成熟的

risk冒…險risk危險，風(fēng)險risky

rough粗糙的roughly

rudeness無禮ruderudely

rule統(tǒng)治，管轄，支配ruler統(tǒng)治者

S組單詞.

V.n.adj.adv.

sadness悲傷，悲痛sad傷心的sadly

safety安全，安全性safeunsafe

satisfy使?jié)M意，滿足satisfactionsatisfyingsatisfactory

sail航行,啟航sailor水手,海員

scare使驚恐，嚇唬scaredscary

sciencescientistscientific科學(xué)的

security安全，保護(hù)措施secure穩(wěn)固的，安全的

self自己selfish自私的selfless無私的

sense感覺到sense感覺sensible理性的

silence寂靜，無聲，沉默silentsilently

specialize專攻specialist專家,?？漆t(yī)specialspecially

spirit精神，心靈spiritual精神的，心靈的

stability穩(wěn)定性，堅(jiān)定stable穩(wěn)定的，牢固的

surround圍繞，環(huán)繞surroundings周圍環(huán)境

safety安全性safe

sharpen使鋒利sharpener卷筆刀sharp鋒利的，尖的sharply急劇地

shame羞恥，羞愧shameful可恥的

settle解決，定居settlersettlement

separate分離separation分開separated獨(dú)居的separate單

獨(dú)的，分開的

serve服務(wù)，提供service/servant

significance重要性significant顯著的,重要的

sign簽名，示意signature簽名，簽字

similarity相似性similar

simplify使簡易simplesimply

sleep睡覺sleep睡眠sleepy困倦的

society社會socialismsocial

社會主義socialist

sorrow悲傷，悲痛sorrowful悲傷的，悲痛的

starve挨餓，餓死starvation饑餓

strengthen加強(qiáng)strength力量,體力strong

succeed成功success成功successfulsuccessfully

suggest提議，建議suggestion建議，意見

suit與..相配,適合suit套裝,西裝suitable合適的

survive幸存survival/survivor

suffer受苦，經(jīng)受，遭受