zh eff金融世界第二十二講

在WorldTradeOrganisation,世界在以前的中我們?yōu)槟榻B過(guò)世界貿(mào)易組織的前身是GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade,關(guān)稅及貿(mào)易總協(xié)定，英文簡(jiǎn)稱是ThereweresevenGATTnegotiatingroundsheldthroughoutthe1950s,'60sand'70s,whichhelpedupinternationaltrade.Butbecauseofarevivalofprotectionisminthe1970sand'80s,problemsbegantoTheeighthandfinalGATTround,theUruguayRound,tookceagainstthisbackgroundandinthemoredifficultinternationaleconomicenvironmentofthe1980sand'90s.ManyoftheproblemsencounteredduringtheUruguayRoundstemmedfromanambitiousagenda,whichsoughttoextendtheGATTdisciplinestoareassuchastradeinagriculturalproductsandtradeinservicesandin lectualproperty.下面我們分段聽(tīng)一遍巴里克拉克的這段談話和中文翻譯：（英文略下面我們把巴里克拉克的這段談話的原文連起來(lái)聽(tīng)一遍。（略ItgreatlyexpandedthescopeoftheGATT.Inthepast,theGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTradehadfocusedexclusivelyonworldtradeingoods.TheUruguayRoundgreatlyextendedtheambitofthecoveragetoincludeanewsetofissues,services,anditbroughtinlectualpropertyin.Athird,technicalchangeisthatitsignificantlyexpandedthecompletenessofthecoverageoftheGATTtraderules.Therewerenewdisciplinesintroducedonsubsidies.Soinfactbythetimethatroundhadfinished,therewasamorecompleteapplicationoftheprinciplesoftradeingoodswhichtheoriginalGATThadbeendesignedtocover.下面我們分段聽(tīng)一遍奧克斯利的談話和中文翻譯：（英文略，也包括了知識(shí)問(wèn)題第三個(gè)也是技術(shù)性的變化是這輪談判顯著加強(qiáng)了關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)有關(guān)貿(mào)易規(guī)定的完整性，就(為定，要擴(kuò)大關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)的規(guī)模，成立一個(gè)新的組織，也就是世界貿(mào)易組織WorldTradeOneverybigchangeisinthedisputesettlementarrangementsundertheWTO,whichareratherdifferentfromthoseundertheGATT.Previouslyiftherewasadispute,there'dbeapanelwhichwouldlookatadispute,andthenthepanel'sreportwouldcometothegeneralbody.Andthereportcouldonlybeacceptedbyconsensus.Sothatthatmeantthattheguiltyparty,ifyouliketousethatterm,couldobstructtheacceptanceofWhatoccurredintheUruguayRoundwasaturningaroundofthis,sothepanel'sreportinexaminingacasecannowonlyberejectedbyconsensus,whichisadramaticchangeandhasgiventhedisputesettlementprocedureverystrongteeth.下面我們分段聽(tīng)一遍斯教授的談話和中文翻譯：（英文略過(guò)去如果發(fā)生了爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，一個(gè)專(zhuān)門(mén)的小組會(huì)對(duì)爭(zhēng)議進(jìn)行，然后向最高機(jī)構(gòu)提出報(bào)告。這一報(bào)告只有在全