2024屆新高考英語精準沖刺復習讀后續(xù)寫加分句型獨立主格

2024屆新高考英語精準沖刺復習讀后續(xù)寫加分句型獨立主格什么是獨立主格定義：由兩部分組成，前一部分是名詞或代詞，后一部分是非謂語（現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，不定式)、名詞、形容詞、副詞、或介詞短語，這兩部分具有邏輯主謂關系。獨立主格的結構1.名詞／代詞＋非謂語（狀語從句／并列句的簡化）2．名詞＋名詞／形容詞／副詞／介詞短語3.therebeing／代詞＋being4.with/without＋復合結構結構獨立主格與非謂語的區(qū)別：BecauseAngeleatshotpot,Angelisveryhappy.Eatinghotpot,Angelisveryhappy.因為安琪吃了火鍋，安琪非常開心。非謂語：主語一致，從句主語省略。BecauseTomeatshotpot,Angelisveryhappy.Tomeatinghotpot,Angelisveryhappy.因為湯姆吃了火鍋，安琪非常開心。獨立主格：主語不一致，從句主語不能省略。獨立主格寫作步驟:1.去掉狀語從句連詞2.看主同和從同主語是否一致

①一致

省略從句主語②不一致

不省略從句主語3.根據(jù)邏輯主語寫動詞正確形式

①doing主動/進行

（當從句是完成時,需要把has、have、had變成having)②done被動/完成

③todo將來/目的名詞/代詞+非謂語Aftertheworkhad

beenfinished，weleft

theoffice.①去掉after②主句和從句主語不一致,不省略③從句是完成時,had變成havingThework

havingbeenfinished,weleft

theoffice.(時間狀語)

完成了工作之后,我們離開了辦公室。①

②

③

②

Iftimepermits,Iwillreadonemorebook.

Timepermitting,Iwillreadonemorebook.（條件狀語）如果時間允許的話，我會再看一本書。解析：時間和允許，是主動關系，故用doing.Becauseanimportantessaywillbehandedintomorrow,Angelhastostayuplate.

Animportantessaytobehandedin

tomorrow,Angelhastostayuplate.（原因狀語）因為一篇重要的論文要上交，安琪不得不熬夜到很晚。解析：論文是明天交，故要用表將來的todo，且論文與交是被動的關系，故用tobedone.Sheisstaringme,andherhandsareclaspedtoherbreast.Sheisstaringme,handsclaspedtobreast.（方式和伴隨狀語）她瞪著我，雙手交叉在胸前。解析：雙手是被交叉，故用done．省略掉her

Tips:在表方式的獨立主格結構中，為使句子簡潔，往往將獨立主格結構中的冠詞和代詞都省略掉

Shecamein,andabookwasinherhand.Shecamein,bookinhand.她走進來，手里拿著一本書。Tips：滿足2個條件就可用獨立主格結構1.

作主句時間、條件、原因、方式、伴隨狀語2．主句主語和從句主語不一致名詞＋名詞／形容詞／副詞／介詞短語Manypeoplecometothepark,andmostofthemarestudents.Manypeoplecometothepark,mostofthem(being)students.（名詞＋名詞）

很多人來這個公園，他們大多數(shù)是學生。Shestoodontheground,andherfacewasredwithcold.Shestoodontheground,herface(being)redwithcold.（名詞＋形容詞）

她站在操場上，她的臉動凍得通紅。Thegamewasover,andtheaudienceapplauded.

Thegame(being)over,andtheaudienceapplauded.（名詞＋副詞）比賽結束，觀眾鼓掌。Manycitizenslinedalongthstreet,andflagswereinhands.Manycitizenslinedalongthestreet,flags(being)inhands.

（名詞＋介詞短語）很多市民排隊站在街道邊，手里拿著旗子。

tips：這類句子原句為主系表結構，being可省略。不能省略being的情況

therebeing／代詞＋being

1．當獨立主格的主語是代詞時

Asitisaholiday,alltheshopsareshut.Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopsareshut由于是假日，所有商店都關門了．2.therebe結構中Asthereisnobus,wehavetowalkhome.Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.由于沒有公共汽車，我們只好走路回家。with/without＋復合結構以上的獨立主格結構前面直接加上with:(With)timepermitting,Iwillreadonemorebook.(with＋名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞）(With)animportantessaytobehandedintomorrow,Angelhastostayuplate.(with＋名詞＋不定式）Sheisstaringme,(with)herhandsclaspedtoherbreast.(with＋名詞＋過去分詞）Shestoodontheground,(with)herfaceredwithcold.(with＋名詞＋形容詞）(With)thegameover,andtheaudienceapplauded.(with＋名詞＋副詞）Manycitizenslinedalongthestreet,(with)flagsinherhands.(with＋名詞＋介詞短語）

Withoutbushere,wehadtowalkhome.(without＋名詞＋adv)由于沒有公共汽車，我們只好走路回家。With＋復合結構與獨立主格結構的區(qū)別:1.With＋復合結構可以不用逗號

獨立主格結構必須用逗號2.With＋復合結構中的冠詞／物主代詞不可省略

表方式的獨立主格結構中的冠詞／物主代詞必須省略

Shecameinwithabookinherhand.

Shecamein,bookinhand.

她進來了，手里拿著一本書。3.獨立主格結構主語人稱代詞用主格

with＋復合結構人稱代詞用賓格

Hebeinghandsome,Ilovehim.

Withhimbeinghandsome,Ilovehim

由于他很帥，我愛他。4.With＋復合結構不只可以作狀語，還可以作定語

Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.

我喜歡開著窗戶睡覺。練一練：1.Allflights_____becauseofthesnowstorm,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.(A)hadbeencancelled(B)havebeencancelled(C)werecancelled(D)havingbeencancelled2.Somanydirectors____,theboardmeetinghadtobeputoff.(A)wereabsent(B)beenabsent(C)hadbeenabsent(D)beingabsent3.Allthetasks____aheadoftime,theydecidedtogoonholidayforaweek.(A)beenfulfilled(B)havingbeenfulfilled(C)werefulfilled(D)hadbeenfulfilled4.Themeeting____over,wealllefttheroom.(A)Is(B)tobe(C)being(D)wouldbe5.Thespeech____,alivelydiscussionstarted.(A)beingdelivered(B)wasdelivered(C)bedelivered(D)havingbeendelivered6.Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience_______onbenches,chairsorboxes.(A)havingseated(B)seating(C)seated(D)havingbeenseated7.Thefish___bad,thechildrenleftmuchofit__.(A)tasted,untouched(B)tasting,untouched(C)tasting,untouching(D)tasted,untouching8.Everything___intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.(A)totake(B)taken(C)tobetaken(D)taking9.There