人教版-英語-必修三-課文-電子版

Unit1FestivalsandcelebrationsFestivalsandcelebrationsofallkindshavebeenheldeverywheresinceancienttimes.Mostancientfestivalswouldcelebratetheendofcoldweather,plantinginspringandharvestinautumn.Sometimescelebrationswouldbeheldafterhuntershadcaughtanimals.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.Today'sfestivalshavemanyorigins,somereligious,someseasonal,andsomeforspecialpeopleorevents.FestivalsoftheDeadSomefestivalsareheldtohonourthedeadortosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.FortheJapanesefestivalObon,peopleshouldgotocleangravesandlightincenseinmemoryoftheirancestors.Theyalsolightlampsandplaymusicbecausetheythinkthatthiswillleadtheancestorsbacktoearth.InMexico,peoplecelebratetheDayoftheDeadinearlyNovember.Onthisimportantfeastday,flowersandgiftstothedead.TheWesternholidayHalloweenalsohaditsorigininoldbeliefsaboutthereturnofthespiritsofdeadpeople.Itisnowachildren'sfestival,whentheycandressupandgototheirneighbours'homestoaskforsweets.Iftheneighboursdonotgiveanysweets,thechildrenmightplayatrickonthem.FestivalstoHonourPeopleFestivalscanalsobeheldtohonourfamouspeople.TheDragonBoatFestivalinChinahonoursthefamousancientpoet,QuYuan.IntheUSA,ColumbusDayisinmemoryofthearrivalofChristopherColumbusintheNewWorld.IndiahasanationalfestivalonOctober2tohonourMohandasGandhi,theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia'sindependencefromBritain.HarvestFestivalsHarvestandThanksgivingfestivalscanbeveryhappyevents.Peoplearegratefulbecausetheirfoodisgatheredforthewinterandtheagriculturalworkisover.InEuropeancountries,peoplewillusuallydecoratechurchesandtownhallswithflowersandfruit,andwillgettogethertohavemeals.Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce,likethebiggestwatermelonorthemosthandsomerooster.ChinaandJapanhavemid-autumnfestivals,whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina,enjoymooncakes.SpringFestivalsThemostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.AttheSpringFestivalinChina,peopleeatdumplings,fishandmeatandmaygivechildrenluckymoneyinredpaper.Therearedragondancesandcarnivals,andfamiliescelebratetheLunarNewYeartogether.SomeWesterncountrieshaveveryexcitingcarnivals,whichtakeplacefortydaysbeforeEaster,usuallyinFebruary.Thesecarnivalsmightincludeparades,dancinginthestreetsdayandnight,loudmusicandcolourfulclothingofallkinds.EasterisanimportantreligiousandsocialfestivalforChristiansaroundtheworld.ItcelebratesthereturnofJesusfromthedeadandthecomingofspringandnewlife.Japan'sCherryBlossomFestivalhappensalittlelater.Thecountry,coveredwithcherrytreeflowers,looksasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow.Peoplelovetogettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother.Festivalsletusenjoylife,beproudofourcustomsandforgetourworkforalittlewhile.ASADLOVESTORYLiFangwasheart-broken.ItwasValentine'sDayandHuJinhadsaidshewouldmeethimatthecoffeeshopafterwork.Butshedidn'tturnup.Shecouldbewithherfriendsrightnowlaughingathim.Shesaidshewouldbethereatseveno'clock,andhethoughtshewouldkeepherword.Hehadlookedforwardtomeetingherallday,andnowhewasalonewithhisrosesandchocolates,likeafool.Well,hewasnotgoingtoholdhisbreathforhertoapologize.Hewoulddrownhissadnessincoffee.ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave-hewipedthetables,thensatdownandturnedontheTV-justwhatLiFangneeded!AsadChinesestoryaboutlostlove.ThegranddaughteroftheGoddessofHeavenvisitedtheearth.HernamewasZhinu,theweavinggirl.WhileshewasonearthshemettheherdboyNiUlangandtheyHeavenknewthathergranddaughterwasmarriedtoahuman,shebecameveryangryandmadetheweavinggirlretUrntoHeaven.NiUlangtriedtofollowher,bUttheriverofstars,theMilkyWay,stoppedhim.FindingthatZhiniiwasheart-broken,hergrandmotherfinallydecidedtoletthecoUplecrosstheMilkyWaytomeetonceayear.MagpiesmakeabridgeoftheirwingssothecoUplecancrosstherivertomeetontheseventhdayoftheseventhlUnarmonth.PeopleinChinahopethattheweatherwillbefineonthatday,becaUseifitisraining,itmeansthatZhinuisweepingandthecoUplewon'tbeabletomeet.aboutthestory,theycallitaChineseValentine'sstory.It'safinedaytoday,soIhopedid.Ashesadlypassedtheteashoponthecorneronhiswayhome,heheardavoiceWhatwouldhedo?HehadthrownawayherValentinegifts!Shewouldneverforgivehim.ThiswouldnotbeahappyValentine'sDay!WINTERCARNIVALINQUEBECAgroupofverycoldtouristsaresittinginacafeinoldQuebec,drinkinghotcoffeetotrytowarmup.Thetemperatureis32degreesbelowfreezing.Thewindowsarecoveredwithsteamfromtheheatinside.Outside,snowcoversthestreetsandispiledupalongthesidewalks.ThemusicandlightsoftheCarnivalcontinue,butafterawholedayofwatchingparades,ridinginhorsecarriagesandlisteningtothemusic,theirfeetarefreezingandtheirnosesarered.Everyyear,hundredsofthousandsofpeoplecometoQuebectotakepartintheweek-longwinterfestival,thebiggestintheworld.Everyonewhocomesmustbepreparedtokeepmoving,asitistoocoldtostandandwatchforlong.Earlyinthemorning,youcanwatchthesnowboardingcompetitionsonthehilloverlookingtheriver.Competitorsspeeddownthetrackandthroughtheairasthoughtheycouldfly.Themorebraveofheartmaytrythecanoeraces.Fiveorsixmenpaddleeachcanoeacrossthepartly-frozenStLawrenceRiver.Thefiverisfullofbigpiecesofice,andifyouweretofallin,youwouldfreezeinlessthantwominutes.Oneofthefavouriteeventsisthedog-sledrace,inwhichteamsofaboutsixhuskydogspulllongsledsatgreatspeedsalongasnowytrack.Onepersonrunsbehindthesled,shoutingtothedogstoencouragethem.Thesoundofthedogsbarking,thecallsofthedriversandtheshoutsofthecrowdmakeanexcitingNorthernexperience.Thedogsarebeautifulstronganimals,withlong,thickfurandmanywithblueeyes.Whileadmiringtheicesculptureseverywhereinthecity,muchlikethoseinHarbininChina,youcanstopwithothertouristsinanigloo（圓頂冰屋）forhotteaorcoffee.Itisamazinghowwarmtheseicehousescanbe!Lateintheevening,youcangotothesnowpalace,whereBonhommethesnowmanisking,andjointhecrowd.Youcandanceoutsidetothemusicofaband,whoarealldressedinheavyclothes-evensomeoftheirinstrumentsaredressedupforwinter.Finally,youwillprobablywanttositdowninacafetowarmupandtoplantomorrow.Youmightjointhesnowmobileraces-ormaybeyoushouldjustsleepin!Unit2Comeandeathere(1)WangPengsatinhisemptyrestaurantfeelingveryfrustrated.Ithadbeenaverystrangemorning.Usuallyhegotupearlyandpreparedhismenuofbarbecuedmuttonkebabs,roastpork,stir-fliedvegetablesandfriedrice.Thenbylunchtimetheywouldallbesold.Bynowhisrestaurantoughttobefullofpeople.Butnottoday!Whywasthat?Whatcouldhavehappened?Hethoughtofhismutton,beefandbaconcookedinthehottest,finestoil.Hiscolawassugaryandcold,andhisicecreamwasmadeofmilk,seemednottohear.Whatwasthematter?SomethingterriblemusthavehappenedifLiChangwasnotcomingtoeatinhisrestaurantashealwaysdid.WangPengfollowedLiChangintoanewsmallrestaurant.Hesawasigninthewindow.Tiredofallthatfat?Wanttoloseweight?ComeinsideYongHui’sslimmingrestaurant.Onlyslimmingfoodsservedhere.Makeyourselfthinagain!CuriositydroveWangPenginside.Itwasfullofpeople.Thehostess,averythinlady,Therewerefewchoicesoffoodanddrinkonit:justrice,rawvegetablesservedinvinegar,fruitandwater.WangPengwasamazedatthisandespeciallyattheprices.Itcostmorethanagoodmealinhisrestaurant!Hecouldnotbelievehiseyes.Hethrewdownthemenuandhurriedoutside.Onhiswayhomehethoughtabouthisownmenu.Diditmakepeoplefat?Perhapsheshouldgotothelibraryandfindout.HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies!Hehadbetterdosomeresearch!AtthelibraryWangPengwassurprisedtofindthathisrestaurantservedfartoomuchfatandYongHui’sfartoolittle.EventhoughhercustomersmightgetthinaftereatingYongHui’sfood,theywerenoteatingenoughenergy-givingfoodtokeepthemfit.Theywouldbecometiredveryquickly.WangPengfeltmorehopefulashedrovebackhome.Perhapswithadiscountandanewsignhecouldwinhiscustomersback.Sohewrote:Wanttofeelfitandenergetic?Comeandeathere!Discountstoday!Ourfoodgivesyouenergyallday!Thecompetitionbetweenthetworestaurantswason!COMEANDEATHERE(2)Aweeklater,WangPeng'srestaurantwasnearlyfullandhefelthappier.Perhapshewouldbeabletoearnhislivingafterallandnothavetoclosehisrestaurant.Hedidnotlookforwardtobeingindebtbecausehisrestaurantwasnolongerpopular.Hesmiledashewelcomedsomecustomerswarmlyatthedoorbutthesmilelefthisfacewhenhesawweredoinginmyrestauranttheotherday?IthoughtyouwereanewcustomerandnowIfollowedoneofthemandfoundtheminyourrestaurant.'Idon'twanttoupsetyou,butIfoundyourmenusolimitedthatIstoppedworryingandstartedadvertisingYongHuiagreedtostayandsoontheywerebothenjoyingdumplingsandbreastofchickencookedwithgarlic.Whentheywereservedtheicecream,YongHuibegantoofferenoughfibreandyoudon'tofferenoughbody-buildingandenergy-givingfood.Perhapsweoughttocombineourideasandprovideabalancedmenuwithfoodfullofhamburgersandboiledthepotatoesratherthanfryingthem.Theyservedfreshfruitwiththeicecream.Inthiswaytheycutdownthefatandincreasedthefibreinthemeal.TheirbalanceddietsbecamesuchasuccessthatbeforelongWangPengbecameslimmerandYongHuiputonmoreweight.Aftersometimethetwofoundthattheirbusinesscooperationhadturnedintoapersonalone.Finallytheygotmarriedandlivedhappilyeverafter.FORBUILDINGAMCDONALD’SIwasexcitedwhenIheardthatourcommunitywastohaveitsownMcDonald'srestaurant.Ithoughtaboutallthoseyoungpeoplewhowouldnothavetogotothenexttowntobuytheirfavouriteburgersandchips.McDonald'scaresabouthealthyeatingtooandworkswithscientiststoprovidefoodthatisofhighquality,safeandhealthy.Itisalsocheap.Theyoftenprovidesaladsaswellasburgersandchips.Youcanalsochoosebetweencolaandmilkshakes（奶昔）.Ofcourseitalsomeansmoreworkforourareathatneedsjobsbadly.McDonald'ssaystheyareinterestedindoingwhatisrightforthecommunityandbeingagoodneighbour.SoIthinktheywillbeconcernedaboutprovidingparkingforthecarsinourmainstreet.Manyofouryoungpeoplewillbeonlytoohappytoworkforthecompany.McDonald'smakesapromisetothepeoplewhotown.AGAINSTBUILDINCIAMCDONALD’SIamveryworriedaboutMcDonald'sbuildingarestaurantinourhometown.Weareasmallcommunityandweenjoyourlocaldishes.IamnotsureifMcDonald'sfoodisashealthyastheysayintheiradvertisements.Whenscientistslookatitcarefully,theyfindhighlevelsoffat,sugarandsalt.Thisisveryworrying.Toomanyyoungpeoplearegettingfatthrougheatingtoomuchfattyfood.McDonald'sisnotgivingyoungpeopleagoodideaofwhatahealthydietshouldbe.LocalChinesefood,ontheotherhand,isfulloffreshvegetablesandfreshmeatandfish.ThefoodataMcDonald'srestaurantisalwaysthesame,soIwonderifitismadeorbroughtinfromelsewhere.Althoughitisfreshlycooked,itmustbelesshealthythanourownlocallygrownandcookedChinesefood.IalsoworryaboutallthosecarsbringingpeopletobuyfoodatMcDonald's.First,therewillbepetrolfumes（氣體）,whichwillmakeourcleanairdirty.Second,thereistheproblemofallthosecarsthattrytoparkandpreventothercarsfrommovingquicklythroughourtown.IamsuremanyyoungpeoplewillbehappytoworkforMcDonald'sbutwilltheybetreatedfairly?InAmerica,McDonald'sdoesnotallowworkers'unionstooperateinitsrestaurantsandthesearepeoplewhospeakupfortheworkers.If,astheysay,theworkersarehappywiththem,whyshouldtheyfearsomeworkersjoiningaunion?SowhenIconsiderthefood,thecarsandthejobs,IthinkweshouldnotallowMcDonald'stobuildtheirrestaurantinourtown.Unit3ThemillionpoundbanknoteActI,Scene3NARRATOR:Itisthesummerof1903.Twooldandwealthybrothers,RoderickandOliver,havemadeabet.OliverbelievesthatwithamillionpoundbanknoteamancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.HisbrotherRoderickdoubtsit.Atthismoment,theyseeapennilessyoungmanwanderingonthepavementoutsidetheirhouse.ItisHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.RODERICK:Youngman,wouldyoustepinsideamoment,please?HENRY:Who?Me,sir?RODERICK:Yes,you.OLIVER:Throughthefrontdooronyourleft.HENRY:(Aservantopensadoor)Thanks.SERVANT:Goodmorning,sir.Wouldyoupleasecomein?Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.OLIVER:(Henryenters)Thankyou,James.Thatwillbeall.RODERICK:Howdoyoudo,Mr...er...?HENRY:Adams.HenryAdams.OLIVER:Comeandsitdown,MrAdams.HENRY:Thankyou.RODERICK:You'reanAmerican?HENRY:That'sright,fromSanFrancisco.RODERICK:HowwelldoyouknowLondon?HENRY:Notatall,it'smyfirsttriphere.RODERICK:Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyou'dmindusaskingafewquestions.HENRY:Notatall.Gorightahead.RODERICK:Mayweaskwhatyou'redoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?HENRY: Well,Ican'tsaythatIhaveanyplans.I'mhopingtofindwork.Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.OLIVER:Howisthatpossible?HENRY: Well,yousee,backhomeIhadmyownboat.Aboutamonthago,Iwassailingoutofthebay...(hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrother'sdinnerontable)OLIVER: Well,goon.HENRY: Oh,yes.Well,towardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.Itwasallmyfault.Ididn'tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.OLIVER: AnditwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.HENRY: Yes.ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.IwenttotheAmericanembassytoseekhelp,but...(Thebrotherssmileateachother.)RODERICK:Well,youmustn'tworryaboutthat.It'sanadvantage.HENRY: I'mafraidIdon'tquitefollowyou,sir.RODERICK:Tellus,MrAdams,whatsortofworkdidyoudoinAmerica?HENRY: Iworkedforaminingcompany.Couldyouoffermesomekindofworkhere?RODERICK:Patience,MrAdams.Ifyoudon'tmind,mayIaskyouhowmuchmoneyyouhave?HENRY: Well,tobehonest,Ihavenone.OLIVER: (happily)Whatluck!Brother,whatluck!(clapshishandstogether)HENRY: Well,itmayseemluckytoyoubutnottome!Onthecontrary,infact.Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke,Idon'tthinkit'sveryfunny.(Henrystandsuptoleave)Nowifyou'llexcuseme,IthinkI'llbeonmyway.RODERICK:Pleasedon'tgo,MrAdams~Youmustn'tthinkwedon'tcareaboutyou.Oliver,givehimtheletter.OLIVER: Yes,theletter.(getsitfromadeskandgivesittoHenrylikeagift)Theletter.HENRY: (takingitcarefully)Forme?RODERICK:Foryou.(Henrystartstoopenit)Oh,no,youmustn'topenit.Notyet.Youcan'topenituntiltwoo'clock.HENRY: Oh,thisissilly.RODERICK:Notsilly.There'smoneyinit.(callstotheservant)James?HENRY: Oh,no.Idon'twantyourcharity.Ijustwantanhonestjob.RODERICK:Weknowyou'rehard-working.That'swhywe'vegivenyoutheletter.James,showMrAdamsout.OLIVER: Goodluck,MrAdams.HENRY: Well,whydon'tyouexplainwhatthisisallabout?RODERICK:You'llsoonknow.(looksattheclock)Inexactlyanhourandahalf.SERVANT:Thisway,sir.RODERICK:MrAdams,notuntil2o'clock.Promise?HENRY: Promise.Goodbye.ActI,Scene4(OutsidearestaurantHenrylooksattheenvelopewithoutopeningitanddecidestogoin.Hesitsdownatatablenexttothefrontwindow.)OWNER:(seeingHenry'spoorappearance)Thatone'sreserved.Thisway,please.(tothewaiter)Takethisgentleman'sorder,Horace.HENRY:(aftersittingdownandputtingtheletteronthetable)I'dlikesomehamandeggsandanicebigsteak.Makeitextrathick.I'dalsolikeacupofcoffeeandapineappledessert.WAITER:Right,sir.I'mafraidit'llcostalargeamountofmoney.HENRY:Iunderstand.AndI'llhavealargeglassofbeer.WAITER:OK.(Thewaiterleavesandsoonreturnswithallthefood.)HOSTESS:Mygoodness!Why,lookathim.Heeatslikeawolf.OWNER:We'llseeifhe'scleverasawolf,eh?HENRY:(havingjustfinishedeverybitoffood)Ah,waiter.(waiterreturns)Samethingagain,please.Oh,andanotherbeer.WAITER:Again?Everything?HENRY:Yes,that'sright.(seesthelookonthewaiter'sface)Anythingwrong?WAITER:No,notatall.(totheowner)He'saskedformoreofthesame.OWNER:Well,itiswell-knownthatAmericansliketoeatalot.Well,we'llhavetotakeachance.Goaheadandlethimhaveit.WAITER:(readingthebillafterthemeal)Allright.That'stwoordersofhamandeggs,twoextrathicksteaks,twolargeglassesofbeer,twocupsofcoffeeandtwodesserts.HENRY:(lookingattheclockonthewall)Wouldyoumindwaitingjustafewminutes?WAITER:(inarudemanner)What'stheretowaitfor?OWNER:Allright,Horace.I'lltakecareofthis.HENRY:(toowner)Thatwasawonderfulmeal.It'samazinghowmuchpleasureyougetoutoftilesimplethingsinlife,especiallyifyoucan'thavethemforawhile.OWNER:Yes,veryinteresting.Nowperhaps,sir,ifyoupayyourbillIcanhelptheothercustomers.HENRY:(lookingattheclockonthewallagain)Well,Iseeit'stwoo'clock.(heopenstheenvelopeandholdsamillionpoundbanknoteinhishands.Henryissurprisedbuttheownerandwaiterareshocked)I'mverysorry.But...I...Idon'thaveanythingsmaller.OWNER:(stillshockedandnervous)Well..er...justonemoment.Maggie,look!(thehostessscreams,theothercustomerslookatherandsheputsahandtohermouth)Doyouthinkit'sgenuine?HOSTESS:Oh,dear,Idon'tknow.Isimplydon'tknow.OWNER:Well,IdidhearthattheBankofEnglandhadissuedtwonotesinthisamount...Anyway,Idon'tthinkitcanbeafake.Peoplewouldpaytoomuchattentiontoabanknoteofthisamount.Nothiefwouldwantthattohappen.HOSTESS:Buthe'sinrags!OWNER:Perhapshe'saverystrange,richman.(asifhehasdiscoveredsomethingforthefirsttime)Why,yes!Thatmustbeit!HOSTESS:(hitsherhusband'sarm)Andyouputhiminthebackoftherestaurant!Goandseehimatonce.OWNER:(toHenry)I'msosorry,sir,sosorry,butIcannotchangethisbanknote.HENRY:Butit'sallIhaveonme.OWNER:Oh,please,don'tworry,sir.Doesn'tmatteratall.We'resoverygladthatyouevenenteredourlittleeatingplace.Indeed,sir,Ihopeyou'llcomeherewheneveryoulike.HENRY:Well,that'sverykindofyou.OWNER:Kind,sir?No,it'skindofyou.Youmustcomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateveryoulike.Justhavingyousithereisagreathonour!Asforthebill,sir,pleaseforgetit.HENRY:Forgetit?Well...thankyouverymuch.That'sveryniceofyou.OWNER:Oh,it'sforustothankyou,sirandIdo,sir,fromthebottomofmyheart.(Theowner,hostessandwaiterallbowasHenryleaves.)THEMILLIONPOUNDBANKNOTEActII,Scene4NARRATOR:Attheendofthemonth,Henrywasveryrichanddidn'tfearjail.Dressedinthefinestclothes,hedrovebythebrothers'houseinPortlandPlaceand,seeingtheywereback,wenttogetPortiaatherfriend'shome.HENRY: Mydear,thewayyoulooktoday,itwouldbeacrimenottoaskforagoodsalaryforthejobthey'llgivetome.PORTIA: Oh,pleaserememberthatifweaskfortoomuchwemaygetnosalaryatall;andthenwhat'llhappentous,withnowayintheworldtoearnaliving?(Atthebrothers'home,theservantletsthemin.Thetwobrothersareseated,waiting.)HENRY: Goodmorning,gentlemen.(RoderickseemsverysurprisedtoseePortia)Portia,thesearethemenwhohelpedme.PORTIA: Soverynicetomeetyou,kindsirs.(ShegivesOliverawinkwithoneeye.)HENRY: Gentlemen,I'mreadytoreport.RODERICK:Er...Portia,I...OLIVER: We'rebothgladtohearit,fornowwecandecidethebetwhichRoderickandImade.Ifyou'vewonforme,youshallhaveanyjobasmygift.Haveyougotthemillionpoundbanknote?HENRY: Hereitis,sir.OLIVER: I'vewon!Nowwhatdoyousay,Roderick?RODERICK:IsaythatI'velosttwentythousandpounds.Ineverwouldhavebelievedit.Why,thatisamazing,man!HENRY:Come,let'sbegoingnow,Portia.OLIVER: Butwait,wait!Thejob,youknow.Imustgiveyouajob,asIpromised.HENRY: Well,thankyouverymuch,butIreallydon'twantonenow.PORTIA: Henry,I'mdisappointed(失望的)inyou.Youdidn'tthankthegentlemenproperly.MayIdoitforyou?HENRY: Letmeseeyoutry.(PortiawalksovertoRoderickandgiveshimahug.ThenshesitsinOliver'slap,putsherarmsaroundhisneckandkisseshimonthecheek.Oliverbeginslaughing.)PORTIA: Papa,hesayshedoesn'twantanythingelsefromyou.HENRY: (shocked)Mydear,isthatyourpapa?!PORTIA: He'smystepfather,andthedearestonethateverwas.HENRY: Oh,mydearestdearsir,IregretwhatIsaid.YouhavegotajobopenthatIwant.OLIVER: Nameit.HENRY: Son-in-law.OLIVER: Well,well,well!Butyou'veneverhadsuchajobbefore.HowcanIbesureyoucandoitsuccessfully?HENRY: Tryme...oh,do,Ibegofyou!Giveme30or40years,and...OLIVER: Oh,well,allright.NARRATOR:ArePortiaandHenryhappy?Therearenotenoughwordsinthebiggestdictionarytodescribeit.DidthepeopleofLondonhaveagoodtimewiththisbitofnews?Yes.Portia'sstepfathertookthatbanknote.backtotheBankofEnglandandcashedit.Thebanknotewasthenuselessformoneybutwashisweddinggifttotheyoungcouple.Yes,thebanknotewasworthmillionsofdollars,butnotworthonetenthasmuchashowHenryfeltaboutPortia.Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.However,matterinalldirections.Afterthat,atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.dust.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth'satmosphere.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbut,unliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.Afterthat,somehugeanimals,calleddinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.However,65millionyearsagotheageofthedinosaursended.Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygavebirthtoyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosomesmallcleveranimals,nowwithhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,intheirturn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.Asaresultofthis,manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.AVISITTOTHEMOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearth'sgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother.GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.right,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.IshallwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellLeavingthemoon'sgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearth's.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatche