廣東省梅州市高三英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)檢試題（含解析）

廣東省梅州市2020屆高三英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)檢試題（含解析）本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouarecrazyaboutpaintings,youshouldn’tmissthefollowingfourfamousmasterpieceswhichhavestoodthetestoftime.TheArnolfiniPortraitJanvanEyck’sArnolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434,inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher,isundoubtedlyoneofthemasterpiecesintheNationalGallery,London.Thispaintingisasvisuallyinterestingasitisfamed.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentonfifteenth-centurysociety,throughvanEyck’sheavyuseofsymbolism—whilehusbandswentouttoengageinbusiness,wivesconcernedthemselveswithdomesticduties.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight,oiloncanvas(帆布),amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanexpressivenightskyoverasmallhillsidevillage,duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint-Rémy-de-Provence,Francebetween1889and1890.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh’smostfamousworks.TheHarvestersTheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.ItdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofAugustandSeptember.NicolaesJonghelinck,amerchantbankerandartcollectorfromAntwerp,commissionedthispainting.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.GuernicaGuernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.Thetitle“Guernica”referstothecitythatwasbombedbyNaziplanesduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult,hascometobeananti-warsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.Today,thepaintingishousedattheMuseoNacionalCentrodeArteReinaSofaíinMadrid.1.Whichofthefollowingpaintingswasproducedearliest?A.TheArnolfiniPortrait B.TheStarryNight.C.TheHarvesters. D.Guernica.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight?A.Itwaspaintedonwoodinoil.B.Itwasn’twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.C.Itdescribedthepainter’slifeinhospital.D.Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.3.Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingthetragedyofwar?A.PieterBruegeltheElder. B.VincentvanGogh.C.JanvanEyck. D.PabloPicasso.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四幅名畫(huà)——從揚(yáng)·凡·艾克的肖像畫(huà)到巴勃羅·畢加索的杰作。它們都經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段TheAmolfiniPortrait中的JanvanEyck’sAmolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434.第三段TheStarryNight中的duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint-Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween1889and1890.第四段TheHarvesters中的TheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.和第五段Guernica中的Guernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.可知，TheAmolfiniPortrait是最早創(chuàng)作的畫(huà)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStarryNight中的WhentheMuseumofModemArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh'smostfamousworks.(1941年，當(dāng)紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館從一位私人收藏家手中買下這幅畫(huà)時(shí)，它并不為人所知，但后來(lái)卻成了梵高最著名的作品之一。)可知，TheStarryNight在1941年之前沒(méi)有被廣泛認(rèn)可。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Guernica的Guernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.(格爾尼卡是一幅黑白相間的大型油畫(huà)，由古巴畫(huà)家巴勃羅·畢加索于1937年創(chuàng)作。)和Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult,hascometobeananti-warsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.(這幅畫(huà)描繪了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的恐怖，因此成為反戰(zhàn)的象征，并提醒人們戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的悲劇。)可推斷，巴勃羅·畢加索創(chuàng)造的油畫(huà)描述了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的悲劇。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題是閱讀理解中常見(jiàn)的題型?？忌谧鲞@類題時(shí)一定要仔細(xì)審題，弄懂題干，題干當(dāng)中往往有重要信息，然后回文定位，找到依據(jù)。比如此題第2題，根據(jù)題干定位TheStarryNight部分中的WhentheMuseumofModemArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh'smostfamousworks.(1941年，當(dāng)紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館從一位私人收藏家手中買下這幅畫(huà)時(shí)，它并不為人所知，但后來(lái)卻成了梵高最著名的作品之一。)可知，TheStarryNight在1941年之前沒(méi)有被廣泛認(rèn)可。故選B。BPangolins(穿山甲)arethemosttrafficked(非法交易)mammalsintheworldandarefacingextinction.Todrawattentiontothesescaly(有鱗片的),anteater-likeanimals,anewwildlifedocumentary,EyeofthePangolin,isattemptingauniquewaytoinspireactionandconservation.Partneringwiththenon-profitorganizationPangolin.Africa,thedocumentarywasmadeavailableonYouTubeinMay2019.TheintentionistoreachcommunitieswherevertheInternetisavailable,especiallyAfricancommunities,wholiveneartheanimal’shabitats.Overtwoyears,thedocumentarycrewtraveledtoSouthAfrica,Ghana,CentralAfricanRepublicandGaboninsearchofthefouruniquespeciesofpangolin,whichhasneverbeenachievedbefore.FilmmakersBruceYoungandJohanVermeulensaythattheywentintotheshootknowingrelativelylittleaboutpangolins,butgrewtorespectandappreciatetheanimals.Gettingclosetothecreaturesovertwoyearswasacrashcourseinthesesecretivecreatures.JohanVermeulensaid,"Onethinghoweverthatmightseemunimportantisthattheyareactuallyquitefussyeaters.Youwouldthinktheywouldeatanytypeofant,buttheyallpreferaspecifictypeant."PangolinsarehuntedillegallyacrossAfricafortheirscales,whichareusedfortraditionalmedicine,andtheirmeat.InApril2019,Singaporeancustomsofficialsconductedtwoseparateseizuresof24tonsofpangolinscales,whichequalstothedeathof69,000pangolins.Thoughthedocumentaryfocuseslessonthetraffickingofpangolins,andmoreontheanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat,theaimofthedocumentaryistoinspireviewersaroundtheworldtocallforactiontoendtraffickingandprotectingtheseuniquecreatures.FilmedonlocationinSouthAfrica,Ghana,CentralAfricanRepublic,andGabon,thispowerfuldocumentaryisthestoryoftwomenonamissiontogetallfourspeciesofAfricanpangolinoncamerafortheveryfirsttime.4.Whatisthepurposeofthedocumentary?A.Tostudythesituationofpangolins.B.Tocollectfundtoprotectpangolins.C.Toraiseawarenessofpangolinprotection.D.Toproposesettinguppangolinreserves.5.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“fussy”inparagraph2?A.Picky. B.Messy.C.Showy. D.Heavy.6.What’sthedocumentarymainlyabout?A.Theillegaltradeofpangolins.B.Themedicalfunctionofpangolin'sscales.C.Thelifeofpangolinsintheirnaturalhabitats.D.TheeffortsofPangolin,Africatosavepangolins.7.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?AAbrochure. B.Adiary.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。穿山甲是世界上被販運(yùn)最頻繁的哺乳動(dòng)物，并且正面臨滅絕。一部新的野生動(dòng)物紀(jì)錄片《穿山甲之眼》正在嘗試以一種獨(dú)特的方式來(lái)呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)它們?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“theaimofthedocumentaryistoinspireviewersaroundtheworldtocallforactiontoendtraffickingandprotectingtheseuniquecreatures.”可知，該紀(jì)錄片的目的是呼吁全世界的觀看者采取行動(dòng)，制止販運(yùn)從而保護(hù)這些獨(dú)特的生物。因此，該紀(jì)錄片的目的是提高對(duì)穿山甲保護(hù)的認(rèn)識(shí)。故選C。【5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Onethinghoweverthatmightseemunimportantisthattheyareactuallyquitefussyeaters.Youwouldthinktheywouldeatanytypeofant,buttheyallpreferaspecifictypeant.”可知，穿山甲實(shí)際上是挑剔的食者。你會(huì)認(rèn)為他們會(huì)吃任何類型的螞蟻，但他們更喜歡特定類型的螞蟻。即劃線詞“fussy”意為“挑剔”的。A.Picky.挑剔的；B.Messy.凌亂的；C.Showy.顯眼的；D.Heavy.沉重的。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thoughthedocumentaryfocuseslessonthetraffickingofpangolins,andmoreontheanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat”可知，該紀(jì)錄片的重點(diǎn)不是穿山甲的販運(yùn)，而是更多地關(guān)注自然棲息地的穿山甲。因此這部紀(jì)錄片的主要內(nèi)容是穿山甲在自然棲息地的生活。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Pangolinsarethemosttraffickedmammalsintheworldandarefacingextinction.Todrawattentiontothesescaly,anteater-likeanimals,anewwildlifedocumentary,EyeofthePangolin,isattemptingauniquewaytoinspireactionandconservation.”可知，穿山甲正面臨滅絕。一部新的野生動(dòng)物紀(jì)錄片《穿山甲之眼》正在嘗試以一種獨(dú)特的方式來(lái)呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)它們。由這個(gè)話題內(nèi)容可知，文章最有可能來(lái)自一本動(dòng)物保護(hù)方面的雜志。A.Abrochure.一本小冊(cè)子；B.Adiary.一本日記；C.Anovel.一本小說(shuō)；D.Amagazine.一本雜志。故選D。CThekilldeer,asmallbirdknownforitshigh-pitchedcall,couldleadtothecancellationofoneofCanada’biggestmusicfestivals.ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa’sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground.“Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe’vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,”saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival.“Anythingthatchangestheschedulehasamajoreffect,sowe’retakingitveryseriously.”Thediscoverymeantthatgovernmentofficialsrushedtoprotectthenestandtheeggs,hiringasecurityguardtowatchoverthem24hoursaday.Environmentalistswerealsobroughtin.“Wedon’tknowwhentheeggsmighthatch,”saidMonahan.Whatisknownisthattheyoungkilldeerwilllikelyleavethenestsoonaftertheyarehatched,leadingmanytohopethattheeggshatchinthenextdayorso.ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocatethenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.Movingthenestwouldalsoensurethebirdanditsyoungwouldbeprotectedduringthefestival’s11-dayrun,saidMonahan.It’shighlylikelythatthefestival’sthousandsofattendeeswouldcausehugeproblemsforthebirdanditseggs.Monahanwasconfidentthatthefestivalwouldgoonasplanned,however.“Mostofthepeoplewe’reworkingwitharelookingforapositivesolution,”Monahansaid.“Thereisnoonesayingthatthefestivalcan’tgoon.”Asnewsofthedilemmaspread,itleftresidentsdivided.Somesupportedthebird,sayingthatmovingthenestmightresultintheeggsbeingabandoned.Othersexpressedannoyancethatprotectingtheeggsofthesmallbird,whichiswidespreadacrossNorthAmerica,wasriskinganannualfestivalthatcontributesmillionsofdollarstothelocaleconomy.Thekilldeer’stendencytobuilditsnestinopenfieldsorflatareashascausedissuesinotherareasoftheUS:earlierthisyear,constructiononahealthcenterinWisconsinwastemporarilystoppedafterakilldeeranditsfoureggswerediscovered.8.WhichisTRUEaboutBluesfest?A.ItisthefirstmusicfestivalinCanada.B.Itisanimportanteventformusiclovers.C.Itisamusicfestivalheldeverytwoyears.D.ItisachallengingoutdooractivityinOttawa.9.WhatwasespeciallychallengingforBluesfestthisyear?A.Pressurefromthegovernment.B.Disagreementswiththepublic.C.Theneedtoprotectthebird’seggs.DThelackofexperienceinhostingtheevent.10.Howdidthefestivalplantodealwiththeproblem?A.Movethenesttoanotherplace.B.Askgovernmentofficialsforhelp.C.Seekadvicefromenvironmentalists.D.Hiresecurityguardstoprotecttheeggs.11.WhatwasMonahan’sattitudetowardhostingthefestival?A.Negative. B.Indifferent.C.Unsure. D.Positive.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。對(duì)于音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者來(lái)說(shuō)，非常重大的加拿大音樂(lè)事件Bluesfest,，在上周工作人員在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只小水鳥(niǎo)，它在附近下了四個(gè)蛋，把主要舞臺(tái)區(qū)域作為它的筑巢地，以及就主辦方準(zhǔn)備將鳥(niǎo)巢搬離此處引發(fā)了人們討論?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa’sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.可知，渥太華的Bluesfest，是一個(gè)每年吸引約30萬(wàn)人參加的戶外節(jié)日。因此Bluesfest,對(duì)音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)重要的事件。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground.可知，小水鳥(niǎo)在舞臺(tái)附近下了4個(gè)蛋，和“Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe’vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,”saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival.(音樂(lè)節(jié)執(zhí)行總監(jiān)說(shuō)：“這是我們面臨的最具挑戰(zhàn)性的問(wèn)題之一，我覺(jué)得我們可以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題”。)可知，保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)蛋是今年Bluesfest面臨挑戰(zhàn)的事情。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬遷)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.(現(xiàn)在該節(jié)日正在尋求加拿大環(huán)境部的許可，將鳥(niǎo)巢遷移到50米外，或帶到野生動(dòng)物中心)可以得知為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，節(jié)日籌備方打算把鳥(niǎo)巢搬到另一個(gè)地方。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的Monahanwasconfidentthatthefestivalwouldgoonasplanned,however.(然而，莫納漢相信這個(gè)節(jié)日會(huì)按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行。)可知，Monahan對(duì)本次音樂(lè)節(jié)如期舉行充滿信心。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題是閱讀理解中常見(jiàn)的題型。考生在做這類題時(shí)一定要仔細(xì)審題，弄懂題干，題干當(dāng)中往往有重要信息，然后回文定位，找到依據(jù)。比如此題第3題，根據(jù)第五段的ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬遷)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.(現(xiàn)在該節(jié)日正在尋求加拿大環(huán)境部的許可，將鳥(niǎo)巢遷移到50米外，或帶到野生動(dòng)物中心)可以得知為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，節(jié)日籌備方打算把鳥(niǎo)巢搬到另一個(gè)地方。故選A。DMostpeoplearen’tgoodatcreativeproblemsolvingfortworeasons:First,theyarenottrainedinhowtobecreative.Second,theydon’tunderstandgroupstrengthwellenoughtoharness(駕馭)theirpowertomaximizegroupcreativity.Akeyelementofcreativityisapplyingexistingknowledgetoanewproblem.Themorepeoplegettinginvolvedinsolvingit,themoreknowledgethereistoworkonit.Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.Whengroupsgettogethertoexchangeideas,theyactuallycomeupwithfewerideasoverallthaniftheyeachhadworkedalone.Tofixthisproblem,youshouldconsiderthetwostagesofgroupproblem-solving:divergence(分散)andconvergence(集中).Divergencehappenswhenthegroupconsidersasmanydifferentpotentialsolutionsaspossible.Convergencehappenswhenthevariousproposedsolutionsareevaluatedandreducedtoasmallersetofcandidatesolutionstothecurrentproblem.Theessentialprincipleofgroupcreativityisthatindividualsworkingalonediverge,whereasgroupmembersworkingtogetherconverge.Ingroups,onceamemberstatesapotentialsolution,itmakesothersthinkabouttheproblemsimilarly.Thatiswhygroupsworkingtogetherdivergelessthanindividualsworkingalone.Therefore,beawareofwhentodivergeandwhentoconverge.Forexample,earlyintheproblem-solvingprocess,havegroupmembersworkalonetowritedownstatementsdescribingtheproblem.Thengetthembacktodiscusstheirdescriptions.Thegroupdiscussionwillleadeveryonetoacceptoneorasmallnumberofthesestatementstoworkon—thisishealthyconvergence.Whenstartingtogeneratesolutions,youagainwantdivergence.Havepeopleworkalonetostart.Thencollectpeople’sinitialideasandsendthemaroundtoothersandallowthedivergencetocontinueaseveryoneindividuallybuildsontheideasofothermembers.Finally,letthegroupdiscusstheresultingideas.Thisdiscussionwillgraduallyleadthegrouptoconvergeonasmallnumberofcandidatesolutions.Thissimplemethodworkseffectively,becauseitrespectswhatindividualsandgroupsdobest.12.Wecaninferthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethods______.A.enablepeopletoformmoreideastogetherB.greatlyencouragegroupcreativityC.actuallylimitgroupcreativityD.preventpeople’sinvolvementintheproblems13.AccordingtoPara.4,whenamemberpresentsanidea,otherstendto_____.A.thinktheotherwayround B.followhiswayofthinkingC.bemoreconfidentintheirownideas D.belesswillingtosharetheirownideas14.Whatshouldgroupmembersfirstdoearlyintheproblem-solvingprocess?A.Discusstheproblem. B.Putdowngroupstatementstogether.C.Simplifytheproblem. D.Writedowntheirindividualdescriptions.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AsimplewaytomakegroupthinkingmoreeffectiveB.DifficultiesinorganizinggroupthinkingC.DifferencesbetweendivergenceandconvergenceD.Advantagesofgroupthinkingoverindividualthinking【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了團(tuán)體不擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造性解決問(wèn)題的原因以及提出了一種使團(tuán)體更具有創(chuàng)造力的方法?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段Akeyelementofcreativityisapplyingexistingknowledgetoanewproblem.Themorepeoplegettinginvolvedinsolvingit,themoreknowledgethereistoworkonit.Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.可知，創(chuàng)造力的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素是應(yīng)用現(xiàn)有知識(shí)解決新問(wèn)題，人們?cè)蕉嗟厣婕皠?chuàng)新地解決問(wèn)題，就會(huì)有越多的知識(shí)被應(yīng)用，不幸的是，研究表明：傳統(tǒng)的腦力風(fēng)暴并不能如愿以償達(dá)到目的。所以研究表明，傳統(tǒng)的頭腦風(fēng)暴方法實(shí)際上限制了團(tuán)隊(duì)的創(chuàng)造力。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段Ingroups,onceamemberstatesapotentialsolution,thatmakesothersthinkabouttheproblemsimilarly.可知，在團(tuán)體，一旦一個(gè)成員闡述了一個(gè)潛在的解決辦法，就會(huì)使其他成員對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題有類似的想法。所以根據(jù)第4段，當(dāng)一個(gè)成員提出一個(gè)想法時(shí)，其他人往往會(huì)跟隨他的思維方式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段Forexample,earlyintheproblem-solvingprocess,havegroupmembersworkalonetowritedownstatementsdescribingtheproblem.可知，在問(wèn)題解決過(guò)程的早期，團(tuán)隊(duì)成員應(yīng)該首先寫(xiě)下他們各自的敘述。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的Mostpeoplearen’tgoodatcreativeproblemsolvingfortworeasons.可知，第一段提到眾人不擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造性解決問(wèn)題的原因有兩個(gè)。再根據(jù)第二段“Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.Whengroupsgettogethertoexchangeideas,theyactuallycomeupwithfewerideasoverallthaniftheyeachhadworkedalone”可知，不幸的是，研究表明，傳統(tǒng)的頭腦風(fēng)暴方法未能實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。當(dāng)團(tuán)隊(duì)聚在一起交流想法時(shí)，他們實(shí)際上提出的想法比各自單獨(dú)工作時(shí)要少。所以短文的前兩段提出了團(tuán)體不擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造性解決問(wèn)題的原因以及現(xiàn)存的團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)造力解決方法的弊端，短文從第三段起就上述現(xiàn)象提出了一種使團(tuán)體更具有創(chuàng)造力的方法。因此推斷文章主要講述了一種使團(tuán)體更具有創(chuàng)造力的方法。故A項(xiàng)“一種使團(tuán)體更具有創(chuàng)造力的方法”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】抓住文章主線和關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，歸納文章中心，確定主旨大意和標(biāo)題：要注意不是所有的段落都有主題句，有時(shí)主題句暗含在句中。閱讀這樣的文章，就需要自己根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)分析，概括出段落的主題，從而推導(dǎo)出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清該段落主要講了哪幾方面的內(nèi)容，這些內(nèi)容在邏輯上有什么聯(lián)系，然后加以歸納形成主題。本題第4小題，根據(jù)第一段的Mostpeoplearen’tgoodatcreativeproblemsolvingfortworeasons.可知，第一段提到眾人不擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造性解決問(wèn)題的原因有兩個(gè)。再根據(jù)第二段“Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.Whengroupsgettogethertoexchangeideas,theyactuallycomeupwithfewerideasoverallthaniftheyeachhadworkedalone”可知，不幸的是，研究表明，傳統(tǒng)的頭腦風(fēng)暴方法未能實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。當(dāng)團(tuán)隊(duì)聚在一起交流想法時(shí)，他們實(shí)際上提出的想法比各自單獨(dú)工作時(shí)要少。所以短文的前兩段提出了團(tuán)體不擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造性解決問(wèn)題的原因以及現(xiàn)存的團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)造力解決方法的弊端，短文從第三段起就上述現(xiàn)象提出了一種使團(tuán)體更具有創(chuàng)造力的方法。因此推斷文章主要講述了一種使團(tuán)體更具有創(chuàng)造力的方法。故A項(xiàng)“一種使團(tuán)體更具有創(chuàng)造力的方法”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。InStressfulTimes,MakeStressWorkforYouThesearestressfultimes.Fortunately,wecanactuallyusethatstresstoimproveourhealthandwell-being.Overadecadeofresearchsuggeststhatit’snotthetypeoramountofstressthatdeterminesitsimpact.___16___.Buthowcanwechangeourstressmind-set?Step1:AcknowledgeYourStressLabelingyourstressconsciouslyanddeliberatelymovesneuralactivityfromtheamygdala—thecenterofemotionandfear—totheprefrontalcortex,whichisresponsibleforexecutivecontrolandplanning.Inotherwords,whenwetakeamomenttoacknowledgeourstress,itmovesusfromoperatingfromafearful,reactiveplacetoapositionwherewecanbethoughtfulanddeliberate.___17___.Step2:OwnYourStress___18___Weonlystressaboutthingsthatwecareabout.Byowningourstress,weconnecttothepositivemotivationorpersonalvaluebehindourstress.Trycompletingthissentenceaboutwhateverwasspecificallystressingyououtinstepone:''I'mstressedabout…becauseIdeeplycareabout…''.Step3:___19___Connectingtothecorevaluesbehindyourstresssetsyouupforthethirdandmostessentialstep:usingstresstoachieveyourgoalsandconnectmoredeeplywiththethingsthatmattermost.Askyourself:Areyourtypicalresponsesinalignmentwiththevaluesbehindyourstress?Thinkabouthowyoumightchangeyourresponsetothisstresstobetterfacilitateyourgoalsandyourpurpose.There'ssomuchhappeningrightnowthatwecan'tcontrol.____20____.Somepsychologistsarguethattruetransformativechangecanoccuronlyduringstressorcrises.Thetrickistochannelyourstressasenergytomakethemostofthistime.A.UseYourStress.B.ControlYourStress.C.Thenextstepistowelcome,or''own'',yourstress.D.Instead,it'sourmind-setaboutstressthatmattersmost.E.However,therearealsounprecedentedopportunitiesamidthefear.F.It'salsoachancetounderstandwhat'sattheheartofyourpersonalstress.G.Butlater,wewillbeabletoaskourselveshowweeachrespondedtothiscrisis.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.A20.E【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何利用壓力來(lái)改善我們的健康和幸福的三個(gè)步驟。【16題詳解】上文Overadecadeofresearchsuggeststhatit'snotthetypeoramountofstressthatdeterminesitsimpact.(超過(guò)10年的研究表明，不是壓力的類型和數(shù)量決定了它的影響)D.Instead,it'sourmind-setaboutstressthatmattersmost.(相反，我們對(duì)壓力的心態(tài)最重要)承接自然，determine和matter是關(guān)鍵詞，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文Inotherwords,whenwetakeamomenttoacknowledgeourstress,itmovesusfromoperatingafearful,reactiveplacetoapositionwherewecanbethoughtfulanddeliberate.(換句話來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)我們用一點(diǎn)時(shí)間承認(rèn)我們的壓力，它就讓我們從一個(gè)可怕反應(yīng)的狀態(tài)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)可以深思熟慮的狀態(tài))與F.It'salsoachancetounderstandwhat'sattheheartofyourpersonalstress.(這也是一個(gè)了解你個(gè)人壓力的核心所在的機(jī)會(huì))承接自然，上下文都講述承認(rèn)自己壓力帶來(lái)的好處，構(gòu)成明顯的并列關(guān)系，故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】C.Thenextstepistowelcome,or''own'',yourstress.(接下來(lái)就是歡迎，或者擁有，你的壓力)符合本段小標(biāo)題Step2:OwnYourStress(第二步：擁有你的壓力)的話題，own是關(guān)鍵詞，故選C項(xiàng)。19題詳解】根據(jù)下文Connectingtothecorevaluesbehindyourstresssetsyouupforthethirdandmostessentialstep:usingstresstoachieveyourgoalsandconnectmoredeeplywiththethingsthatmattermost.(把壓力背后的核心價(jià)值觀聯(lián)系起來(lái)，你就可以邁出第三步，也是最重要的一步：利用壓力來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)，并與最重要的事情更深入地聯(lián)系起來(lái))可知，本段主要講述利用壓力。A.UseYourStress.(利用你的壓力)可以作為本段小標(biāo)題，故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文There'ssomuchhappeningrightnowthatwecan'tcontrol.(現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情太多了，我們無(wú)法控制)與E.However,therearealsounprecedentedopportunitiesamidthefear.(然而，在恐懼中也有前所未有的機(jī)會(huì))承接自然，上下文構(gòu)成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖然很多無(wú)法控制的事情讓我們產(chǎn)生恐懼，但恐懼中也存在著機(jī)會(huì)，故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenourgirlsarebrave,theyarefreetoexploreintheirlearningandinlife.Thatexplorationleadstothe___21___oftheirtalents,passionsandweaknesses.OnSaturdaynightwesawoneofourstudentsactsobravelythatittookmy___22___away.Oneoftheleadcharactersofourshow,BlueStockings,wasplayedbyascienceteacher,BenWalker.___23___,BenbrokehisnoseverybadlyplayingfootballonSaturdayandconsequentlycouldn't___24___.EllaJones,aYear11studentandpartofthecast,who___25___torestonSaturday,was___26___toplayBen'srole.Thinkaboutthat.Shehadthreehours'___27___,playingaroleofa___28___shehadneverplayedbefore,infrontofapayingaudience,andifshecouldn't___29___,shewouldreducetheimpactofthewholeplay.Nottheendoftheworld,butitwouldbe____30____forallconcerned.Iwouldhave_____31_____.ButEllarosetothe_______32_______.Shesaid,“Iwasastonished；______33______,IfiguredtheshowmustgoonandIwantedto____34____.Iwasn'tscared_____35_____Iarrivedatthetheatreandrealizedhowmuchtherewasto____36____.Itwasn'tjustaboutlines,butitwasthestagecraft(舞臺(tái)表演技巧).Iwas____37____abouttheotheractorsbecauseIknowhow____38____itistoperformarolewithsomeonewhoisn'tasinvested,especiallyifitisanemotionalscene.”Askedhowtheshow_____39_____,Ellasaid,“Itwasamazing,andtheaudienceseemedtolovethemalecharacterIplayedforthefirsttime.”Sheadded,“Justbecauseyou'rescareddoesn'tmeanyoucan’tbe____40____.Anyway,Imadeit.”21.A.discovery B.change C.growth D.control22.A.pain B.breath C.faith D.concern23.A.Secretly B.Hopefully C.Unsurprisingly D.Unfortunately.24.A.coach B.perform C.survive D.retire25.A.refused B.decided C.happened D.promised26A.asked B.forced C.trained D.reminded27.A.wait B.interval C.notice D.judgment28.A.director B.woman C.man D.teacher29.A.takeitaway B.lookitup C.makeitout D.carryitoff30.A.encouraging B.disappointing C.rewarding D.amusing31.A.run B.agreed C.shared D.failed32.A.power B.challenge C.danger D.threat33.A.besides B.therefore C.however D.instead34.A.win B.quit C.resist D.help35.A.until B.unless C.sothat D.themoment36.A.putaway B.handin C.workout D.takeover37.A.doubtful B.confident C.curious D.worried38.A.easy B.tough C.embarrassing D.interesting39.A.sounded B.improved C.started D.went40.A.brave B.proud C.calm D.shy【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.C26.A27.C28.C29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A36.C37.D38.B39.D40.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是Ben受傷不能參加比賽，而是由女演員Ella扮演其男性角色，盡管有難度，但最終成功。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種探索導(dǎo)致他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的才能、激情和弱點(diǎn)。A.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.change改變；C.growth增長(zhǎng)，生長(zhǎng)；D.control控制。根據(jù)explorationleadsto和oftheirtalents,passionsandweaknesses可知，此處指導(dǎo)致這些“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：星期六晚上，我們看到我們的一個(gè)學(xué)生表現(xiàn)得如此勇敢，使我大吃一驚。A.pain疼痛；B.breath呼吸；C.faith信仰；D.concern關(guān)心。固定搭配：takeone’sbreathaway“使某人大為驚訝”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，本在星期六踢足球時(shí)把鼻子摔得很嚴(yán)重，因此不能參加比賽。A.Secretly秘密地；B.Hopefully充滿希望地；C.Unsurprisingly不出所料地；D.Unfortunately遺憾地。根據(jù)第3空后的BenbrokehisnoseverybadlyplayingfootballonSaturdayandconsequentlycouldn't可知，此處指受傷，不能參加比賽，所以“非常遺憾”。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，Ben在星期六踢足球時(shí)把鼻子摔得很嚴(yán)重，因此不能參加比賽。A.coach訓(xùn)練；B.perform執(zhí)行；C.survive幸存；D.retire退休。此處指不能“參加”比賽。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：演員埃拉·瓊斯是一名11年級(jí)的學(xué)生，碰巧周六休息，她被要求扮演Ben的角色。A.refused拒絕；B.decided決定；C.happened碰巧發(fā)生；D.promised許諾。此處指“碰巧”休息。故選C。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：演員埃拉·瓊斯是一名11年級(jí)的學(xué)生，碰巧周六休息，她被要求扮演Ben的角色。A.asked請(qǐng)求，問(wèn)；B.forced強(qiáng)迫；C.trained訓(xùn)練；D.reminded提醒。此處“請(qǐng)求”瓊斯扮演Ben的角色。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：想一想。她提前三個(gè)小時(shí)通知，在已經(jīng)付了費(fèi)的觀眾面前扮演一個(gè)她從未扮演過(guò)的角色，如果她演不下去，她就會(huì)減少整部戲的影響。A.wait等待；B.interval間隔；C.notice通知；D.judgment判斷。此處指提前三小時(shí)得到“通知”。故選C。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：想一想。她提前三個(gè)小時(shí)通知，在付費(fèi)觀眾面前扮演一個(gè)她從未扮演過(guò)的男人角色，如果她演不下去，她就會(huì)減少整部戲的影響。A.director主任，導(dǎo)演；B.woman女人；C.man男人；D.teacher教師。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Ben是一個(gè)男人。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：想一想。她提前三個(gè)小時(shí)通知，在付費(fèi)觀眾面前扮演一個(gè)她從未扮演過(guò)的角色，如果她演不下去，她就會(huì)減少整部戲的影響。A.takeitaway拿走；B.lookitup查找；C.makeitout明白，理解；D.carryitoff掩飾過(guò)去。因?yàn)樗茄莩鼍葓?chǎng)，如果不能“掩飾過(guò)去”就會(huì)影響整部戲。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不是世界末日，但對(duì)所有相關(guān)的人來(lái)說(shuō)都是令人失望的。A.encouraging令人受鼓舞的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.rewarding值得的；D.amusing有趣的。根據(jù)Nottheendoftheworld,but此處but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，指對(duì)相關(guān)的人來(lái)說(shuō)是“令人失望的”。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我會(huì)逃跑的。A.run跑，經(jīng)營(yíng)；B.agreed同意；C.shared分享；D.failed失敗。此處指我會(huì)“跑走的”。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是艾拉接受了挑戰(zhàn)。A.power力量，能力；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.danger危險(xiǎn)；D.threat恐嚇。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，艾拉接受了“挑戰(zhàn)”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我很驚訝，但我想節(jié)目必須繼續(xù)下去，我想幫忙。A.besides另外，此外；B.therefore因此；C.however然而；D.instead代替，反而。根據(jù)Iwouldhave____11____.和Ifiguredtheshowmustgoon可知，此處表示“轉(zhuǎn)折”。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我很驚訝，但我想節(jié)目必須繼續(xù)下去，我想幫忙。A.win贏得；B.quit停止；C.resist抵抗；D.help幫助。根據(jù)Ifiguredtheshowmustgoon可知，我要“幫忙”。選D?！?5題詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：我并不害怕，直到我來(lái)到劇院，我才意識(shí)到有多少事情要解決。A.until直到……為止；B.unless除非；C.sothat為了；D.themoment一……就……。此處是until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我并不害怕，直到我來(lái)到劇院，我才意識(shí)到有多少事情要解決。A.putaway放好，儲(chǔ)存；B.handin上交；C.workout解決；D.takeover接管。此處指有許多工作要解決。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很擔(dān)心其他演員，因?yàn)槲抑篮鸵粋€(gè)不太投入的人演一個(gè)角色有多難，尤其是在情感戲里。A.doubtful可疑的；B.confident自信的；C.curious好奇的；D.worried擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)前文可知這里是替代Ben的角色，所以“擔(dān)心”和其他演員的配合。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很擔(dān)心其他演員，因?yàn)槲抑篮鸵粋€(gè)不太投入的人演一個(gè)角色有多難，尤其是在情感戲里。A.easy容易的；B.tough艱苦的，困難的；C.embarrassing令人尷尬的；D.interesting有趣的。根據(jù)前文可知，這里是替代Ben的角色，所以演起來(lái)是“困難的”。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)及演出進(jìn)展如何時(shí)，艾拉說(shuō)：“太棒了，觀眾似乎很喜歡