2023年研究生類碩士研究生學(xué)位課程-英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類碩士研究生學(xué)位課程-英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.Inthebeginning,fewpeoplewere______BarackObamatomakeasignificantimpactintherace.A.countingonB.turningoutC.proceedingtoD.conformingto2.Accordingtothisreport,thisisthe36thconsecutiveyearthepopulationofJapanhasdropped.A.interactiveB.depressiveC.massiveD.successive3.Itrequiresuncompromisingeffortstodeveloptheseresidencesintotruehomesforourunderprivilegedcitizens.A.unproductiveB.unyieldingC.uninvitingD.unintentional4.Someancientpeoplewereabletotellthetimebytheshadow______bythesunontheslate.A.thrownB.flungC.castD.tossed5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsunderthetitleof"AGifttoMyParents."Yourwritingshouldcoverthefollowingitems:

1.Whatgiftdoyouthinkismostappropriatetoyourparents?

2.Whydoyouchoosesuchagift?

3.Whendoyouthinkisthemostappropriatetimetogiveit?6.ApermanentjobplusadecentsalaryiswhatmostoftheseyoungguysinChinahopefor.A.nobleB.adequateC.modestD.polite7.Itmightbepossibletohelppreventdepressionby______people'sgoodfeelings.A.diminishingB.manipulatingC.boostingD.anticipating8.Ifyoudon'tknowhowto______yourachievements,yourpartingfromthisworldisgoingtobeanightmare.A.takeholdofB.getridofC.letgoofD.makefunof9.Thelittlegirlfeltincreasinglyuneasywhilewaitingforhermotheratthebus-stop.A.difficultB.excitedC.relievedD.restless10.Graceurgedstudentstostandbytheirbeliefsandprinciples,and______themselves.A.believeinB.persistinC.consistinD.specializein11.Thereisnoquestionthatoursisajustcauseandthatgoodwill______.A.vanishB.wanderC.witherD.prevail12.Thereiscompellingevidencethatmotorvehiclescontributetosmog.A.convincingB.constitutionalC.contradictoryD.compulsory13.Doyouknowwhatitisliketocomeuponanoldfriendonthestreetinaforeigncity?A.undergoB.encounterC.conserveD.recollect14.Ifyoutaketherightapproach______anissue,youwon'tgo______thewrongdirection.A.to...inB.of...towardsC.oD.about...to15.Asthevotewillbe______infavoroftheDemocraticParty,HillaryClintonisgettingneartothepresidency.A.deliberatelyB.overwhelminglyC.conscientiouslyD.crudely16.Onsocialmediawebsites,youcaneasilyfinddifferentresponsestothese______topics.A.trendingB.syntheticC.anonymousD.residential17.SectionA

Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

AnimportantcluetotheunderstandingofAustraliaistheecosystem.Anecosystemisacollectionofdifferentlivingandnon-livingthingswhicharefoundtogetherandwhichdependoneachother.Thesun'senergyisnecessarytomaketheecosystemwork,and,aswell,theelementscarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,andtwelveotherelementsinsmalleramounts,areneededtobecontinuallycycledintheecosystem.18.Studieshaveprovedthatsmartpeopletendtobesmartacrossdifferentkindsofrealms.A.realitiesB.fieldsC.occupationsD.courses19.Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

Astheworldisintransition,sotheEnglishlanguageisitselftakingnewforms.This,ofcourse,hasalwaysbeentrue:Englishhaschangedsubstantiallyinthe1,500yearsorsoofitsuse,reflectingpatternsofcontactwithotherlanguagesandthechangingcommunicationneedsofpeople.Butinmanypartsoftheworld,asEnglishistakenintothefabricofsociallife,itacquiresamomentumandvitalityofitsown,developinginwayswhichreflectlocalcultureandlanguages,whiledivergingincreasinglyfromthekindofEnglishspokeninBritainorNorthAmerica.20.Scientistsarestillmeasuringtheimpactofautomationonthelivesoffactoryworkers.A.benefitB.tollC.agonyD.effect21.In1982,HitachiwasindictedforstealingconfidentialdocumentsfromIBM.Aspartofacourtsettlement,thecompanypaidIBMhundredsofmillionsofdollars.A.condemnedforB.accusedofC.disciplinedforD.disapprovedof22.Thesewomenhopedthatthecease-firewouldcontinueandthattheviolencewouldendonceandforall.A.quicklyB.conclusivelyC.universallyD.temporarily23.Amajorinitiativetoinjectwhat'sknownassocialandemotionallearning(SEL)intoNewYorkCityschoolsisunderway.SEL,whencombinedwithtraditionalacademiceducation,canhelpstudentstobuildandmaintainpositiverelationshipswithpeers,friends,andfamily,tolearnhowtoresolveconflictconstructivelyandtounderstandhowtheiremotionsaffecttheiractions.Americansoverwhelminglywantschoolstoteachchildrensomenon-academicskills,includinghowtobecooperative,respectfulofothersandpersistentproblem-solvers.Schoolsaretoplacemoreimportanceonthattypeoflearningthanonhowstudentsperformonstandardizedtests.Sucheffortshavesignificantlyimprovedstudentbehavior,academicachievementandschoolsafety.24.Everylanguageintheworldhasevolvedslowlyandconstantlyfromanolderformintoanewerone.A.developedB.exhaustedC.strivenD.restored25.Topic:Agreatnumberofpeoplethinkthatthosewithuniversityeducationshouldgethigherpaythanthosewithout,fortheybelievethattheformerhavesweatedandsacrificedmore.Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththispointofview?26.Thissoftwarenotonlybringsefficiencywithrespecttomemoryutilization,butincreasestheprocessingspeed.A.inregardtoB.asaresultofC.inthewakeofD.onaccountof27.Thechildis______alltheevidenceforhisopinion.A.notencourageeithertobecriticalforhisopinion.B.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamineC.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamineD.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine28.Whenaheavyvehicleis______inthemud,thedriverhastoaskforhelp.A.involvedB.stuckC.interferedD.specialized29.Thereportproposesthatstudentsbeallowedtoworkofftheirdebtthroughcommunityservice.A.payoffB.getoffC.disposeofD.runoff30.Theshipwillhaveto______fromtheshoreuntilthisstormpasses.A.holdinB.holdupC.holdoffD.holdonto31.Janeissotiedupwithherbusinessthattakingtimeoffis______outofthequestion.A.virtuallyB.estheticallyC.ethicallyD.morally32.Inthisbook,theauthor'svisionisnotonlycreative,butacompellingpredictionofwheretheworldisheaded.A.deterioratingB.dominatingC.expandingD.proceeding33.Itisgenerallyrecognizedthatdifferentformsofmusiccanconveydifferentkindsofsentiment.A.audienceB.instrumentC.requirementD.emotion34.Thepolicewentoutoftheirwaytoinvestigatetheexplosioncase,buttherewerenoindicationsthatstandardsecurityarrangementswere______.A.athandB.infaultC.inquestionD.ineffect35.Mostofthethird-yearstudentsinourlaboratoryareoccupiedwithexperiments.A.areboredwithB.arecrazyaboutC.arebusywithD.arecasualabout36.Ididn'tknowitthen,butthisdisruptivewayofreadingstartedwiththeveryfirstnovelIeverpickedup.A.harmfulB.persistentC.interruptiveD.characteristic37.Doyourchildrenworrythattheymightfeelpressureto______yourhero'simage?A.comeupwithB.liveuptoC.catchuponD.addupto38.Itwasdreadfultofindoneself______insuchaplace.A.lonelyB.aloneC.loneD.lonesome39.Directions：PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese．WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ．

Morethan1billionpeoplemustsurviveonlessthan$1aday．Strikinginequalitypersistswithinandamongcountries．DiseasessuchasAIDSandmalariathreatentoundoYearsofprogress．Worseningthepovertygapisthe“digitaldivide”betweenthetechnology-richandthetechnology-poor．Atatimewheninformationandknowledgehavebecomethemainsourceofwealthandpower，halfthedevelopingworld'speoplehavenevermadeorreceivedatelephonecall，muchlessusedacomputer．Bringingthesepeopleintothemainstreamisoneofourbiggestprojects．40.Ifthepatientcannotrecoverwithin24hours,deathwould______.A.ensureB.sueC.relapseD.ensue41.Corruptionisabreachofapublicofficial'scommitmenttoupholdtheConstitution.A.objectionB.obligationC.designationD.termination42.Alltheteachersyouhavehadinyourlifetime______severalcategories.A.fallbehindB.falloutC.fallthroughD.fallinto43.Itisextremelydifficultorevenimpossibletoworkouttheriskofoccasionalpassivesmoking.A.calculateB.exerciseC.eliminateD.convert44.Ithasbeenprovedthatgoodweathercanboostone's______.A.feelingB.emotionC.senseD.mood45.Diligence,persistenceandinspirationareindispensableforasuccessfulcareernowadays.A.essentialB.deadlyC.incredibleD.specific46.I'11trytofulfillmypromisetomyparentsthatIcantakecareofmyselfatcollege.A.fallbackonB.liveuptoC.goinforD.breakdowninto47.Wecanlearnaboutthehazardsofhuntingbiggameinstoriesabouttheirancestors.A.adventuresB.pleasuresC.dangersD.consequences48.Thereissomeexcitementonthehorizon,butIcan'ttellyouaboutit.A.inthedistanceB.soontohappenC.withoutaquestionD.atfirstsight49.Andersonheldouthisarmsto______theattack,butthesharkgrabbedhisrightforearmanddived.A.turnoffB.wardoffC.triggeroffD.calloff50.Jeffrealizedthathewouldhavenopersonallifewithouthisdaughter;everythinghedid______roundher.A.involvedB.evolvedC.revolvedD.resolved第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：Acounton：依靠，指望得到……的幫助；turnout：生產(chǎn)，后來證明；proceedto：接著，下一步做；conformto：與……一致。2.參考答案：D[解析]該句意為：根據(jù)這個報告，這是日本人口連續(xù)36年下降。

consecutive：連續(xù)的，如forfiveconsecutiveyears(連續(xù)五年)；interactive：互動的；depressive：壓抑的，令人抑郁的；massive：巨大的；successive：連續(xù)的。3.參考答案：B[解析]uncompromising：堅定的，不屈服的，堅強的；unproductive：生產(chǎn)效率低的，不多產(chǎn)的；unyielding：不屈的；uninviting：不誘人的，沒有吸引力的；unintentional：不是故意的4.參考答案：C[解析]四個選項中，A項throwv.“投，擲”；B項flingv.“投，擲”；C項castn.“投影”；D項tossv.“投，擲”。譯文：一些古人可以根據(jù)投在木板上的太陽投影辨別時間。5.參考答案：AstheLunarNewYearisdrawingnear,Ifeelhomesickagain.Ican'twaittoseemyparentswhoarestilllivinginasmallvillageinShandongProvince.I'vedecidedtobuythemacellphoneasaNewYeargiftwiththemoneyImadefrommypart-timejobs.

I'mgoingtobuyacellphoneforthemforthesimplereasonthatIhopetostayincontactwiththem.Ithoughtaboutopeningthetelephoneserviceforthem,buttheyobjectedtomyideawiththebeliefthatitwastooexpensivetomakelong-distancephonecalls.Then,itoccurredtomethatacellphonewouldbemorepreferable.Withthecellphone,Icancallthemanytime.IalwaysfeelhappywhenIheartheirvoiceandIbelievethattheyarehappiertohearmine.Besides,Icansendthemtextmessageswhennecessary.

ThebesttimetogivethisgifttomyparentsistheEveoftheLunarNewYear,whenthewholefamilywillgettogethertoenjoythehappiesttimeoftheyear.Iwanttogivethemapleasantsurprise,soIhavenevermentionedthegifttothem.I'msuretheywillfeelproudtohaveadaughterlikeme.6.參考答案：B[解析]decent：體面的，正派的，像樣的，豐厚的；noble：高尚的，貴族的；adequate：合適的，足夠的，可接受的；modest：謙虛的，不豐厚的；polite：有禮貌的7.參考答案：C[解析]該句意為：有可能通過改善人的心情來預(yù)防抑郁。

diminish：逐漸減少，逐漸消失；manipulate：操縱，操作，控制，使用；boost：促進(jìn)，改善；anticipate：預(yù)料，預(yù)計。8.參考答案：C9.參考答案：Duneasy：不安的，著急的；difficult：難的；excited：興奮的；relieved：寬慰的，解脫的；restless：不安的10.參考答案：A[解析]believein：信仰(次要意義)，對……充滿信心，相信……的存在或價值(主要意義)；persistin：不放棄，堅持做……；consistin：在于；specializein：專業(yè)是，專門做11.參考答案：Dvanish：消失，失蹤；wander：閑蕩，漂流，無目的慢走；wither：枯萎；prevail：占上風(fēng)，獲得優(yōu)勢，流行12.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：有充分的證據(jù)表明機動車加劇霧霾。

compelling：確鑿的，有說服力的；convincing：令人信服的；constitutional：符合憲法的，憲法的；contradictory：矛盾的；compulsory：必修的，義務(wù)的。13.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：你知道在異國他鄉(xiāng)的城市里遇到老朋友感受如何嗎?

comeupon：偶然遇到(相當(dāng)于comeacross或meetsb.bychance)；undergo：經(jīng)歷(相當(dāng)于experience)；encounter：遇到，遭遇；conserve：保守，保護(hù)，節(jié)約使用；recollect：回憶。14.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：如果你解決問題的方式是正確的，你就不會犯方向錯誤。

本題考查介詞用法。approach表示“處理方式”時接介詞to，而direction(方向)前用介詞in，而不是to或towards。15.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：大多數(shù)選票支持民主黨，所以希拉里正在接近總統(tǒng)寶座。

deliberately：故意地；overwhelmingly：壓倒性地，不可抵抗地；conscientiously：認(rèn)真地，自覺地；crudely：不文雅地，粗魯?shù)亍?6.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：在社交媒體網(wǎng)站，你能輕易地發(fā)現(xiàn)人們對這些熱門話題的不同反應(yīng)。

trending：流行的，熱議的；synthetic：合成的；anonymous：匿名的；residential：居住的。17.參考答案：了解澳大利亞的關(guān)鍵在于它的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，就是各種不同的有生命的和無生命的物體匯集在一起并相互依存的集合。太陽能是使這種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)運作必需的，碳、氫、氧、氮等元素和少量其他12種元素也需要在這個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中繼續(xù)循環(huán)。18.參考答案：Brealm：領(lǐng)域；reality：現(xiàn)實；field：田野，領(lǐng)域，實地；occupation：職業(yè)，占領(lǐng)；course：課程，路線，一道菜19.參考答案：由于世界正處于轉(zhuǎn)型時期，因此英語本身也出現(xiàn)了新形式。在人們使用英語的1500年左右的時間里，英語經(jīng)歷了實質(zhì)性變化，反映出英語和其他語言之間聯(lián)系形式的變化，以及人們不斷變化的交際需求，這些當(dāng)然都是勿庸置疑的。然而，目前在世界許多地區(qū)，隨著英語融入社會生活，成為社會結(jié)構(gòu)的一部分，這一語言擁有了自己的發(fā)展動力和生命力，其發(fā)展體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕驼Z言的影響，而與英國人、北美人所說的英語相差越來越大。20.參考答案：Dimpact：影響；benefit：益處，好處，有益于；toll：收費，破壞，死亡；agony：痛苦；effect：效果，影響。21.參考答案：Bindictedfor“被起訴”。A項condemnedfor“被責(zé)難”；B項accusedof“被控告”；C項disciplinedfor“被訓(xùn)練”；D項disapprovedof“不贊成”。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選B。22.參考答案：B[解析]onceandforall(oncefora11)：一勞永逸地，徹底地，永遠(yuǎn)；quickly：迅速地，馬上；conclusively：結(jié)論性地，確定地，毋庸置疑地；universally：普遍，在任何地方；temporarily：暫時23.參考答案：紐約市中學(xué)正在開展一項重大活動——引入被稱為社交和情感學(xué)習(xí)的項目。與傳統(tǒng)的課程教育相結(jié)合，社交和情感學(xué)習(xí)有助于學(xué)生與同齡人、朋友和家人建立并保持良好的關(guān)系，學(xué)習(xí)如何以建設(shè)性的方式解決沖突并了解自己的情感如何影響行為。美國人強烈希望學(xué)校給學(xué)生講授一些非學(xué)習(xí)方面的技能，包括如何與他人合作、如何尊重他人、如何做到遇到難題時不氣餒。學(xué)校應(yīng)該更重視此類學(xué)習(xí)項目，而不是學(xué)生在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試中發(fā)揮如何。這樣的努力在很大程度上改善了學(xué)生行為、學(xué)習(xí)成績和學(xué)校安全。[解析]英譯漢難點說明：

1．名詞initiative根據(jù)上下文有不同的翻譯，如“倡議”、“行動”或“方案”。

2．underway表示“進(jìn)行之中”。

3．形容詞overwhelming不好翻譯，theoverwhelmingmajority翻譯為“壓倒性多數(shù)”，anoverwhelmingmovie是“有震撼力的電影”，而anoverwhelmingfear可翻譯為“把人嚇傻了”。...overwhelminglywantschoolstoteach...表示“愿望特別強烈”。

4．...persistentproblem-solvers直譯為“堅持不懈地解決問題的人”，其含義是“遇到難題時不泄氣”。

5．...significantlyimprove...中significantly應(yīng)該譯為“在很大程度上”。24.參考答案：A[解析]劃線詞evolved“使發(fā)展，使進(jìn)展”。A項developed“發(fā)展”；B項exhausted“耗盡”；C項striven“努力，奮斗”；D項restored“恢復(fù)，歸還”。A項與劃線詞語意對應(yīng)。25.參考答案：Manypeoplebelievethatthosewhoreceivedhighereducationshouldearn,farmorethanthosewhohavenot，becausetheformerhaveexertedmoreeffortsthanthelatter．PersonallyIdonotagreewiththisopinion，forthefollowingreasons：

Inthefirstplace，one'sindividualincomedoesnotwhollyreflecttheextenttowhichone'sself-valueandsocialvaluearerealized．Apersonwhohasreceivedhighereducationmayoffermoresocialvaluethanonewhohasnot．Economistsandmerchantsmayserveasintheeconomicsphere．Nevertheless，theformermightcreatemoreeconomicreturnsforsociety，whilethelattermightbringhimselfmoreeconomicprofits．Althoughtheeconomistmaynotbeaswealthyasthemerchant，hisworkismoremeaningfultothesocietyhelivesin．

Inthesecondplace，somepeoplewhohasadmirablecapabilitieshavenothadtheopportunitytoreceivehighereducation．Then，afteryearsofexertionsandhardstruggle，theysecureaproperplaceforthemselvesinsocietyandrealizetheirownself-value．Suchpeoplehavereceivednocollegeeducation,however,theydeservedhaveearned.

Allinall,itisridiculoustorackone'sbrainsaboutwho,amanwithahighereducationoranotheronewithoutit,shouldearnmoremoneythantheother.One'searningscannotbesolelydeterminedbyhisorhereducationalbackground.Weshouldobservewhatkindofeffortapersonhasmadeanddecidehowwearetodefine"personalincome"beforefinallyjudgingwhoshouldearnmore.26.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：這個軟件不僅提高了信息儲存效率，而且提升了文件處理速度。withrespectto：與……相關(guān)；inregardto：與……相關(guān)；asaresultof：由于；inthewakeof：緊隨……之后，尾隨……；onaccountof：由于。27.參考答案：Dneither…nor…“既不……也不……”。故應(yīng)選D。28.參考答案：B29.參考答案：A30.參考答案：C[解析]holdoff意為“保持一定距離，(使)不接近”。例如：Hishighrankandchillymannerheldpeopleoff．他高貴的地位及冷淡的態(tài)度使人們不敢接近他。holdin“約束，克制，保持沉默”。例如：holdinone'sanger忍住怒火。holdup“舉起，抬起，提起”。例如：holdupone'shead昂起頭。holdonto無此搭配。31.參考答案：Avirtually：實際上，幾乎；esthetically：美學(xué)上；ethically：倫理上；morally：道德上。32.參考答案：D[解析]該句意為：在此書中，作者的遠(yuǎn)景設(shè)想不僅富有創(chuàng)造力，而且對世界發(fā)展方向的預(yù)測也令人信服。

head：向某一方向運動(headone'scarforhome開車回家)；deteriorate：惡化；dominate：通知，支配；expand：擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)張；proceed：繼續(xù)，接著做……，發(fā)展。33.參考答案：D[解析]sentiment：情感(sentimental：引起轟動的)；audience：聽眾，觀眾，讀者；instrument：儀器(musicalinstrument樂器)；requirement：要求；emotion：情感34.參考答案：B[解析]A項athand“在附近”；B項infault“有過錯”；C項inquestion“正被討論”；D項ineffect“有效”。句意：警察在調(diào)查這起爆炸案時費了很大力氣，但并沒有跡象表明日常安全部署出了問題。B項最符合題意。35.參考答案：C[解析]該句意為：我們實驗室的大部分研三學(xué)生在忙于實驗。

beoccupiedwith：忙于；beboredwith：對……煩了；becrazyabout：對……癡迷，對