人教版（22023）選擇性必修第一冊 Unit 1 People of Achievement Period 2　Reading and Thinking-Language Points學(xué)案（含答案）

第第頁人教版（22023）選擇性必修第一冊Unit1PeopleofAchievementPeriod2ReadingandThinking—LanguagePoints學(xué)案（含答案）ReadingandThinking—LanguagePoints

提示：題干中加底紋的詞匯為本單元的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，幫助學(xué)生及時鞏固，循環(huán)復(fù)習(xí)。

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

1．Theexpertswillcometoourschooltoevaluate(評估)ourcircumstances.

2．Theyoungmanacknowledgedthathehadextractedsomethingvaluablefromtheseplants.

3．Aftertouchingthenewsubstance(物質(zhì))，thefamousnovelistfelldowntothefloor.

4．Asisknowntousall，findingacureformalariaiscrucialforhumanbeings.

5．Iwasdefeatedintheimportantcompetition，whichmademeboilwithanger.

6．Iamwritingwiththeobjectiveofinvitingyoutobeajudgeforthecomingspeechcontestinouracademy.

7.Apparently，heisgoodatanalysing(分析)thesekindsofcomplicatedmathproblems.

8．Unexpectedly，thefamoussingerinsisted(堅持)thatheshouldfleetotheUSAjustnow.

Ⅱ.詞形變化填空

1．Ifyouarecommittedtoyourhomework，youwon’tcommitsuchafoolishmistake，socommitmentisveryimportant.(commit)

2．Itisthecustomofthisacademytoawardthosewhohaveachievedhighacademicperformances.(academy)

3．Iamnotgoodatbotany，soIamnotfamiliarwithbotanicalnames.(botany)

4．We’dbetterevaluatehisworksinaproperway，otherwiseourevaluationswillnotbefair.(evaluate)

5．Manyscientistswerebusysolvingthescientificproblemusingtheirknowledgeinscience.(science)

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．你認(rèn)識那個其父親正在接受手術(shù)的男孩嗎？

Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisbeingoperatedon

2．到處都能找到的茶館，不僅僅是一個喝茶的地方。

Theteahouses，found(find)alloverthecorner，aremuchmorethanjustaplacetodrinktea.

3．我第一次見到她時，她告訴我她出生在一個種著許多玫瑰花的小鎮(zhèn)。

WhenImetherforthefirsttime，shetoldmeshewasborninasmalltownwheremanyroseswereplanted.

4．似乎每個角落都有令我驚奇的東西等待著我。

Itseemedtherewasasurprisewaitingformearoundeverycorner.

5．老師故意保持沉默，導(dǎo)致我們以為他生氣了。

Theteacherkeptsilentonpurpose，leadingustothinkthathewasannoyed.

vitaladj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機的

bevitalto/for...對……是至關(guān)重要的Itisvitaltodo...做……很重要。Itisvitalthat...……是十分重要的。(從句中的謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should可省略)

單句語法填空/一句多譯

(1)(話題寫作之語言學(xué)習(xí))TolearnChinesewell，readinginterestingChinesenewseverydayisvitalto/forforeignexchangestudents.

(2)(2022·全國乙，書面表達)50%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為課外學(xué)英語時看英文電影對他們來說很重要。

①50%ofthestudentsthinkitisvitalforthemtowatchEnglishmovieswhenlearningEnglishoutsidetheclassroom.(itisvitaltodo)

②50%ofthestudentsthinkitisvitalthatthey(should)watchEnglishmovieswhenlearningEnglishoutsidetheclassroom.(itisvitalthat)

commitvt.(做出(錯事或非法的事)；犯(罪或錯等)；承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動等)；(committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的commitmentn．承諾；保證；奉獻，投入)

commitoneselfto(doing)sth專心致志于(做)某事，獻身于(做)某事commitoneselfto(sth/dosth/doingsth)承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)becommittedto(doing)sth對……忠誠；致力于……

單句語法填空/完成句子/一句多譯

(1)Itisthepolitician’scommitment(commit)tohisworkthathaswonpeople’srespectandlove.

(2)Don’tloseheart.Icommitmyselftohelp/helpingyouimproveyourspokenEnglishinanycircumstances.

不要灰心，我保證在任何情況下都會幫助你提高你的英語口語。

(3)(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)致力于提高學(xué)生對國內(nèi)外事務(wù)的理解，我寫信邀請您參加我們的節(jié)目。

①Committedtoenhancingstudents’understandingofdomesticandforeignaffairs，Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoparticipateinourshow.(形容詞短語作狀語)

②Committingmyselftoenhancingstudents’understandingofdomesticandforeignaffairs，Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoparticipateinourshow.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)

acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝

acknowledge(doing/havingdone)sth承認(rèn)(做了)某事acknowledgethat...承認(rèn)……acknowledgesth/sbtobe/as...承認(rèn)某事/某人是……Itisuniversally/generallyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公認(rèn)的；全世界都知道……

完成句子/一句多譯

(1)(應(yīng)用文之感謝信)IamwritingtoacknowledgealltheencouragementandsupportthatIobtainedfromyouwhenIwasdefeated.

我寫信感謝您在我被打敗時給予我的鼓勵和支持。

(2)(記敘文之寫人)Ourheadteacherisacknowledgedtobe/asthemostgenerous，hard-workingandwarm-heartedteacherinouracademy.

我們的班主任被認(rèn)為是我們學(xué)院最慷慨、最勤奮、最熱心的老師。

(3)(2023·新高考全國Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatthefive-kilometercross-countryrunningracehaspromotedoursenseofcooperationandrefreshedourspirit.

五公里越野賽促進了我們的合作意識，并使我們精神振奮，這是大家公認(rèn)的。

(4)既然你承認(rèn)犯了錯誤，我會再給你一次改正的機會。

①Sinceyouacknowledgedcommitting/havingcommittedthemistake，Iwouldofferyouanotheropportunitytocorrectit.(acknowledgehavingdone)

②Sinceyouacknowledgedthatyouhadcommittedthemistake，Iwouldofferyouanotheropportunitytocorrectit.(acknowledgethat...)

defeatn．失?。淮鞌t.擊??；戰(zhàn)勝

sufferaseriousdefeat遭受嚴(yán)重的挫敗defeatsb擊敗某人辨析：①defeat和beat后都接sb作賓語。在游戲和比賽中常用beat，側(cè)重于比賽中擊敗對手；defeat既可以指比賽，又可以指戰(zhàn)場上戰(zhàn)勝對手。②win后接比賽、辯論、戰(zhàn)斗、獎品等名詞，表示“榮獲，贏得”。

完成句子

(1)(2023·新高考全國Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Theirfirstattempttomakepopcornfailed，buttheydidn’tacknowledgedefeat.Thebraveboyswouldn’tbedefeated/beatenbythetemporaryfailure.

他們做爆米花的第一次嘗試失敗了，但是他們不承認(rèn)失敗。這些勇敢的男孩子們不會被暫時的失敗打敗。

(2)(應(yīng)用文之慰問信)Learningthatyouhavesufferedaseriousdefeat，Iamquiteconcernedaboutyou.

得知你遭受嚴(yán)重的挫敗，我很擔(dān)心你。

(3)(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)Afterhewonapairofshoesforhislovelysister，hegrabbedtheshoesandrushedhomelikeanarrow.

在為可愛的妹妹贏得了一雙鞋后，他抓起鞋子，像箭一樣沖向家。

insistvi.&vt.堅持；堅決要求

insiston/upondoingsth堅持/堅決要求做某事在“insistthat...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)insist作“堅持主張，堅決要求”講時，其后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞用“(should＋)動詞原形”；當(dāng)insist作“堅持說，堅持認(rèn)為”講時，其后的賓語從句用陳述語氣。

完成句子/一句多譯

(1)Theprofessorinsistedthathewasnotill，butthedoctorinsistedthathe(should)takethemedicine.

教授堅持說他沒生病，但是醫(yī)生堅決要求他應(yīng)該吃藥。

(2)(2023·1月浙江，讀后續(xù)寫)把我嚇得要死的是我哥哥堅持用刀子割開南瓜。

①Whatmademescaredtodeathwasthatmybrotherinsistedon/uponusingaknifetocutthepumpkinopen.(insiston/upon)

②Whatmademescaredtodeathwasthatmybrotherinsistedthathe(should)useaknifetocutthepumpkinopen.(insistthat)

過去分詞作后置定語

教材原句In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria，andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.

1967年，中國政府成立了一支科學(xué)家團隊，旨在發(fā)現(xiàn)新型抗瘧疾療法，屠呦呦入選首批研究人員。(P2)

此句中的chosen為過去分詞作后置定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句thatwerechosen。單個的過去分詞作定語往往置于被修飾的名詞前面；過去分詞短語作定語常置于被修飾的名詞后面。及物動詞的過去分詞形式表示被動和完成意義；不及物動詞的過去分詞形式僅僅表示完成。有時為了強調(diào)還可將單一的分詞置于被修飾的名詞之后。

單句語法填空/完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換

(1)WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpolluted(pollute)watercarriedthegerms.

(2)Thereareonlytenminutesleft(leave)beforewehandintheEnglishtestpapers.

(3)(2023·新高考全國Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)Thefive-kilometercross-countryrunningraceheldbyourschoollastSundaymadeusawareoftheimportanceofbuildingupourbody.

上周日我們學(xué)校舉行的五公里越野賽使我們意識到增強我們體質(zhì)的重要性。

(4)(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Davidwhowasbathedinextremesadnesscouldn’tresistsobbing.

→Davidbathedinextremesadnesscouldn’tresistsobbing.(用過去分詞短語作后置定語改寫)

upondoing...

教材原句UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid...

獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎時，她說……(P3)

upon/ondoing...一……就……，表示一件事緊接著另一件事發(fā)生。表示“一……就……”的其他形式：assoonas，themoment/minute/instant，immediately/directly/instantly/hardly...when.../nosooner...than...

完成句子/一句多譯

(1)(2023·新高考全國Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Upon/OnlearningthatBernardwascaughtindifficulty，Johnwasimmediatelycommittedtohelpinghimbymakingpopcorn.

一聽說伯納德陷入困境，約翰立即致力于通過做爆米花幫助他。

(2)(2023·1月浙江，讀后續(xù)寫)我的頭一從大南瓜里拔出來，我就松了一口氣。

①Assoonasmyheadwaspulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedwithrelief.(assoonas)

②Theinstantmyheadwaspulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedwithrelief.(theinstant)

③Immediatelymyheadwaspulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedwithrelief.(immediately)

④HardlyhadmyheadbeenpulledoutofthehugepumpkinwhenIsighedwithrelief.(hardly...when...)

it作形式主語

教材原句ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.

中國的科學(xué)研究和中醫(yī)藥得以在全世界傳播確實是一個榮譽。(P3)

it作形式主語的常用句式：Itbe＋adj./n.＋forsbtodosthItbe＋過去分詞(said，thought，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that從句Itbe＋形容詞(strange，important，vital，obvious，possible...)＋that從句Itbe＋名詞短語(apity，ashame，afact，agoodidea，nowonder...)＋that從句It＋不及物動詞(occur，happenseem...)＋that從句

完成句子/完成語段

(1)(話題寫作之漢字書寫)Itisthought/believed/supposedthatourhandwritingisnotasgoodasitwasinthepastduetotoomuchuseofelectronicproductsfortakingnotes.Itisobvious/apparentthatweshouldformthehabitofpractisingcalligraphyeveryday.Moreover，itisagoodideathatwewriteletterstoourrelativesandfriendsbyhandinsteadofsendinge-mails.Toconclude，itisimportant/vitalthatwehavebeautifulandneathandwriting.

人們認(rèn)為由于過多使用電子產(chǎn)品做筆記我們的書寫沒有過去好。顯然，我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成每天練習(xí)書法的習(xí)慣；另外，用手寫信而不是發(fā)郵件給我們的親戚朋友是個好主意?？傊覀儞碛衅琳麧嵉淖舟E很重要