2022年6月四級考試真題 (一)

Parti牖新6曷醯春試真題(一)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthe

importanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120

wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnews

report,youwillheartwoorthreeuestions.Boththenewsreportandtheuestionswill

hespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearauestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfrom

thefourchoicesmarkedA)fB),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

uestions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsowner'sdaughter.

B)ANewHampshireman9sjokewithfriendsonhiswife.

C)Afather9smessageforhisdaughter.

D)Thehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.

2.A)Shewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.

B)Shewantedtohonorherfather^promise.

哥§槍腕曜旃騏鄭成h斷軸h斷'曲制Writing.

uestions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Peoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.

B)SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.

C)Twomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.

D)Zikavirushaddestroyedsomebeefarms.

4.A)Itapologizedtoitscustomers.C)Itlostahugestockofbees.

B)Itwasforcedtokillitsbees.D)Itlost2.5milliondollars.

uestions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours,C)Itprovedtobeofhigh

commercialvalue.

B)Ittookoffandlandedonafootballfield,D)Itmadeaseriesofsharpturns

inthesky.

6.A)Engineeringproblems.C)Inadeuatefunding.

B)Theairpollutionitproduced.D)Theoppositionfromthe

military.

7.A)Itusesthelatestaviationtechnology,C)Itisasafermeansof

transportation.

B)Itfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.D)Itismoreenvironmentally

friendly.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartvvolongconversations.Attheendofeach

conversation,youwillhearfouruestions.Boththeconversationandtheuestionswill

bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearauestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfrom

thefourchoicesmarkedA)fB),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

uestions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Itseemsadepressingtopic.C)Ithaslittleimpactonourdailylife.

B)Itsoundsuitealarming.D)Itisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.

9.A)Themandoesn'tunderstandSpanish.C)Theydon'twantsomethingtoo

noisy.

B)Thewomandoesn'treallylikedancing.D)Theycan'tmakeittothetheatrein

time.

10.A)ItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.Whiteheadhosting.

B)Ithastoomanyactstoholdtheaudience'sattention.

C)Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.

D)Itisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.

11.A)Watchacomedy.C)Booktheticketsonline.

B)Goandseethedance.D)Seeafilmwiththeman.

uestions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Mostofherschoolmatesareyoungerthansheis.

B)Shesimplyhasnoideawhatschooltotransferto.

C)Therearetoomanyactivitiesforhertocopewith.

D)Sheworriesshewon'tfitinasatransferstudent.

13.A)Seekadvicefromseniorstudents.C)Participateinafter-schoolactivities.

B)Pickupsomemeaningfulhobbies.D)Lookintowhattheschooloffers.

14.A)Giveherhelpwheneversheneedsit.C)Findheraccommodationon

campus.

B)Acceptherasatransferstudent.D)Introducehertoherroommates.

15.A)ShehasinterestssimilartoMr.Lee's,C)ShehaschosenthemajorCatherine

has.

B)ShehasbecomefriendswithCatherine,D)Shehasjusttransferredtothe

college.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,

youwillhearthreeorfouruestions.Boththepassageandtheuestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearauestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

uestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Toinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpactsonhealth.

B)Tofindoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.

C)Todiscoverwhatmostmiceliketoeat.

D)Todeterminewhatfeelingsmicehave.

17.A)Whentheyarehungry.C)Whentheysmellfood.

B)Whentheyarethirsty.D)Whentheywantcompany.

18.A)Theysearchforfoodingroups,C)Theyprefertobewithother

mice.

B)Theyareoverweightwhenfoodisplenty,D)Theyenjoythecompanyof

otheranimals.

uestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)ItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.C)Itisefficientlyusedfor

transport.

B)Itsconstructioncostmorethan$40billion.D)Itisoneofthebestintheworld.

20.A)Toimprovetransportationinthecountryside.C)Toenablepeopletotravelata

higherspeed.

B)Tomovetroopsuicklyfromplacetoplace.D)Tospeedupthetransportationof

goods.

21.A)Inthe1970s.C)Inthe1950s.

B)Inthe1960s.D)Inthe1940s.

uestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Chattingwhiledriving.C)Drivingunderage.

B)Messagingwhiledriving.D)Speedingonhighways.

C)Adevicetocontrolthespeedofavehicle.

D)Adevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.

24.A)Thecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights,C)Theyarealertedwithalight

andasound.

B)Thecarslowsdowngraduallytoahalt,D)Theygetawarningontheir

smartphone.

25.A)Installingacamera.C)Checkingtheiremails.

B)Usingaconnectedapp.D)Keepadailyrecord.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarereuiredto

selectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordhankfollowingthe

passage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoice

inthehankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthe

wordsinthehankmorethanonce.

AnofficetoweronMillerStreetinManchesteriscompletelycoveredinsolar

panels.Theyareusedtocreatesomeoftheenergyusedbytheinsurancecompany

inside.Whenthetowerwasfirst26in1962,itwascoveredwiththinsuarestones.

Thesesmallsuarestonesbecameaproblemforthebuildingandcontinuedtofalloffthe

facefor40yearsuntilamajorrenovationwas27.Duringthisrenovation,the

building'sowners,CIS.28thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.Theyagreedto

covertheentirebuildinginsolarpanels.In2022,thecompletedCIStowerbecame

Europe'slargest29ofverticalsolarpanels.Averticalsolarprojectonsuchalarge

30hasneverbeenrepeatedsince.

Coveringaskyscraperwithsolarpanelshadneverbeendonebefore,andtheCIS

towerwaschosenasoneofthe"10bestgreenenergyprojects”.Foralongtimeafter

thisrenovationproject,itwasthetallestbuildingintheUnitedKingdom,butitwas

31overtakenbytheMillbankTower.

Greenbuildingslikethisaren't32cost-efficientfortheinvestor,butitdoes

producemuchlesspollutionthanthatcausedbyenergy33throughfossilfuels.As

solarpanelsget34,theworldislikelytoseemoreskyscraperscoveredinsolarpanels,

collectingenergymuchliketreesdo.Imagineaworldwherebuildingthetallest

skyscraperwasn'taraceof35,butratheronetocollectthemostsolarenergy.

A)cheaperI)eventually

B)cleanerJ)height

C)collectionK)necessarily

D)competedL)production

E)constructedM)range

F)consultedN)scale

G)dimensionO)undertaken

H)discovered

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatements

attachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.

Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychoosea

paragraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthe

uestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

SomeCollegeStudentsAreAngryThatTheyHavetoPaytoDoTheirHomework

[A]Digitallearningsystemsnowchargestudentsforaccesscodesneededtocomplete

coursework,takeuizzes,andturninhomework.Asuniversitiesgodigital,studentsare

complainingofanewhittotheirfinancesthatisreplacing——andsometimesjoining——

expensivetextbooks:priceyonlineaccesscodesthatarereuiredtocomplete

courseworkandsubmitassignments.

[B]Thecodes一whichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom$80to$155percourse一give

studentsonlineaccesstosystemsdevelopedbyeducationcompanieslikeMcGrawHill

andPearson.Thesecompanies,whichlongreapedbigprofitsastextbookpublishers,

haveboastedthattheirnewonlineofferings,whenpushedtostudentsthrough

universitiestheypartnerwith,representthefutureoftheindustry.

[C]Butcriticssaythedigitalaccesscodesrepresentthesameprice-seekingethos（觀

念）ofthetextbookbusiness,andareevenharderforstudentstooptoutof.Whilethey

couldoncebuysecond-handtextbooks,orsharecopieswithfriends,thedigitalsystems

areessentiallyimpossibletoavoid.

[D]"Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbook

monopoly（壟斷），anewwaytolockstudentsaroundthissystem,“saidEthan

Senack,thehighereducationadvocatefortheU.S.PublicInterestResearchGroup,to

BuzzFeedNews."Ratherthan$250（fbraprinttextbook）you'repaying$120,"said

Senack.cuButbecauseifsalldigitaliteliminatestheusedbookmarketandeliminates

anysharingandbecausehomeworkandtestsarethroughanaccesscode,iteliminates

anyabilitytooptout."

[E]SarinaHarper,a19-year-oldsophomoreatVirginiaTech,wasfacedwithatough

dilemmawhenshefirststartedcollegein2022一payrentorpaytoturninher

chemistryhomework.ShetoldBuzzFeedNewsthatherfreshmanchemistryclass

reuiredhertouseConnect,asystemprovidedbyMcGrawHillwherestudentscan

submithomework,takeexamsandtracktheirgrades.Butthecodetoaccessthe

programcost$120-abigsumforHarper,whohadalreadyputdown$450for

textbooks,andhadrentdayapproaching.

[F]Shedecidedtowaitfbrhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically

$150?$200,topayforthecode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveas

aresult."Ifsabalancingact,"shesaid."CanIreallyaffordtheseaccesscodesnow”

Shedidn'thandinherfirsttwoassignmentsfbrchemistry,whichstartedheroutinthe

classwithafailinggrade.

[G]Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadacheforstudents,butfbrtextbook

businesses,they'rethefuture.McGrawHill,whichcontrols21%ofthehigher

educationmarket,reportedinMarchthatitsdigitalcontentsalesexceededprintsales

forthefirsttimein2022.Thecompanysaidthat45%ofits$140millionrevenuein

2022“wasderivedfromdigitalproducts//

[H]APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthat"digitalmaterialsareless

expensiveandagoodinvestment^thatoffernewfeatures,likeaudiotexts,

personalizedknowledgechecksandexpertvideos.Itsdigitalcoursematerialssave

studentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,thecompanyadded.

McGrawHilldidn'trespondtoareuestfbrcomment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldthe

FinancialTimesinAugustthat“inhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbookis

nowover."

[I]Thetextbookindustryinsiststheonlinesystemsrepresentabetterdealfbrstudents.

“Thesedigitalproductsare'tjustmechanismsfbrstudentstosubmithomework,they

offerallkindsoffeatures,"DavidAnderson,theexecutivedirectorofhigher

educationwiththeAssociationofAmericanPublishers,toldBuzzFeedNews."It

helpsstudents

fj]DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhas

rolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,toldBuzzFeed

Newsthatheunderstandstheutilityofusingsystemsthatreuireaccesscodes.Buthe

doesn'treuirehisstudentstobuyaccesstoalearningprogramthatcontrolstheclass

assignments.UItrytomakethingsasinexpensiveaspossible/'saidHunt,whouses

freedigitaltextbooksforhisclassesbutdesignshisowncurriculum."Theonline

systemsmaymakemylifealoteasierbutIfeellikeI'mgivingupcontrol.The

discussionsarethethingswheremyexpertisecanbenefitthestudentsmost."

[K]A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversitytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshe

normallyspends$500?$600onaccesscodesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidn't

reuirestudentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturninhomework.Thisyear

shesaidshespent$900onaccesscodestobooksandprograms."That'stwomonthsof

rent,“shesaid.uYoucan'tsellanyofitback.Withatraditionaltextbookyoucansell

itfor$30?$50andthathelpstopayfbryournewsemester'sbooks.Withanaccess

code,you'reoutofthatmoney.〃

[L]BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,

toldBuzzFeedNewsthat"it'sridiculousthatafterpayingtensofthousandsintuition

wehavetopayfbralltheseaccesscodestodoourhomework.z，Manyoftheaccess

codeshe'spurchasedhavebeenreuiredsimplytocompletehomeworkoruizzes."Often

it'sonly10%ofyourgradeinclass."hesaid."You'repayingsomuchmoney

forsomethingthathardlyaffectsyourgrade-butifyoudidn'thaveit,itwouldaffect

yourgradeenough.ItwouldbebadtostartoutataBorC.〃Wolvertonsaidhespent

$500onaccesscodesfordigitalbooksandprogramsthissemester.

[M]Harper,apoultry（家禽）sciencemajor,istakingchemistryagainthisyearandhad

tobuyanewaccesscodetohandinherhomework.Sherentedhereconomicsand

statisticstextbooksforabout$20each.Butheraccesscodesforhomework,which

can'tberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermostexpensivepurchases:$120and

$85.

[N]Shestillremembersthestingofherfirstexperienceskippinganassignmentdueto

thehighprices."Wedon'treallyhaveamissedassignmentpolicy,“shesaid."Ifyou

missit,youjustmissit.Ijustgotzerosonacoupleoffirstassignments.Imanagedto

pulleverythingbackup.Butasascaredfreshmanlookingattheirgrades,ifsnotfun."

36.Astudent'syearlyexpensesonaccesscodesmayamounttotheirrentfortwo

months.

37.Theonlineaccesscodesmaybeseenasawaytotiethestudentstothedigital

system.

38.Ifastudenttakesacourseagain,theymayhavetobuyanewaccesscodetosubmit

theirassignments.

39.McGrawHillaccountsforoverone-fifthofthemarketshareofcollegetextbooks.

40.Manytraditionaltextbookpublishersarenowofferingonlinedigitalproducts,

whichtheybelievewillbethefutureofthepublishingbusiness.

41.Onestudentcomplainedthattheynowhadtopayforaccesscodesinadditiontothe

hightuition.

42.Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthepriceoftraditionalprinted

booksaccordingtoapublisher.

43.Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntilshereceivedthepayforher

part-timejob.

44.Onlinesystemsmaydepriveteachersofopportunitiestomakethebestuseoftheir

expertisefortheirstudents.

45.Digitalaccesscodesarecriticizedbecausetheyareprofit-drivenjustlikethe

textbookbusiness.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

uestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA)f

B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

uestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowthe

riskofdementia(癡呆癥)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,you

Afterage50,ifsuitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,

placesandthingsuickly,saysDr.KirkDaffherofBrighamandWomen'sHospitalin

Boston.

Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasin

thebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincells

canaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcan

bereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.

Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingto

won*yabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon'trememberevenseeingit,

thafsfarmoreconcerning,Daffhersays.

Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that's"aredflagthatsomethingmore

seriousmaybeinvolved."Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikea

microwaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou'vevisited

manytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.

Buteventhen,Daffhersays,peopleshouldn'tpanic.Therearemanythingsthat

cancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporary

stoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepression,aswellas

medications（藥物）likeantidepressants.

Youdon'thavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffhersuggestsgoingtoyour

doctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbe

affectingmemory.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitby

buildingupyourbrain'scognitive（認矢口的）reserve,Daffhersays.

“Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothink

innovelways,“hesays.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalso

getphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.

46.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedn'tbeconcernedaboutmemoryslips

A)Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.

B)Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.

C)Notallofthemarerelatedtoone'sage.

D)Theyareuitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.

47.Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage

A)Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.C)Communicationwithinourbrain

weakens.

B)Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.D)Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.

48.Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletakeseriously

A)Totallyforgettinghowtodoone'sdailyroutines.

B)Inabilitytorecalldetailsofone'slifeexperiences.

C)Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.

D)Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofone'sfriends.

49.Whatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemorylossshowup

A)Checkthebrain'scognitivereserve.C)Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.

B)Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.D)Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.

50.WhatisDr.Daffher'sadviceforcombatingmemoryloss

A)Havingregularphysicalandmentalcheckups.

B)Takingmedicinethathelpsboostone'sbrain.

C）Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.

D）Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.

PassageTwo

uestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonian

Institution（檔案館）bytheFBIafterbeingstolentwice.

“Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing,“saysEffieKapsalis,headofthe

SmithsonianInstitutionArchives."Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelytakenbyan

intern（實習生），fromwhattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhen

someoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes/'andtheinternputtheletter

back."Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit."

Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthatthestolendocumentwas

locatedveryclosetoWashington,D.C.Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbut

wereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBI

workedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbothauthenticand

definitelySmithsonian'sproperty.

TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist,Dr.Ferdinand

VandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyofthe

regionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark.

Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition,inspiteofbeingoutofthecareoftrained

museumstaffforsolong."Itwasl