2017年高二英語(yǔ)人教版選修8教案：Unit3InventorsandinventionsPeriod1 Word版含解析

Unit3Inventorsandinventions單元要覽本單元的中心話題是“發(fā)明家與發(fā)明”。具體涉及“發(fā)明與發(fā)現(xiàn)的區(qū)別”、“發(fā)明產(chǎn)生的過程”和“申請(qǐng)發(fā)明專利的條件”等等，它告訴同學(xué)們成功的發(fā)明家往往要經(jīng)歷很多次實(shí)驗(yàn)的失敗，旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生不怕失敗的精神，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于探索和抗挫折的能力。同時(shí)，本單元的語(yǔ)言技能和語(yǔ)言知識(shí)都是圍繞“發(fā)明”這一中心話題設(shè)計(jì)的。本單元的主要教學(xué)內(nèi)容如下表所示：類別課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的內(nèi)容話題Inventions；patentapplications；greatinventors詞匯seizevt.抓住；捉?。粖Zstrawn.稻草；麥稈；飲料吸管filevt.提交；將……歸檔n．文件；檔案；文件夾currentn.（水或氣）流；電流adj.現(xiàn)在的；當(dāng)前的bearvt.忍受；忍耐；負(fù)擔(dān)helicoptern.直升機(jī)tapvt.&vin．輕輕地敲擊（聲）；（水）龍頭trianglen.三角形；三角形物體distinguishvt.&vi.顯示……的差別；使……refrigeratorn.冰箱gluevt.粘貼；粘合n．膠水；膠courtn.法院；法庭；朝廷dialvt.撥（電話）extensionn.電話分機(jī)；擴(kuò)大；延伸dotvt.以小圓點(diǎn)標(biāo)出；分散n．點(diǎn)；小圓點(diǎn)versionn.版本；譯本associatevt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n．同伴；伙伴competencen.能力；勝任；本領(lǐng)patentn.專利證書；專利權(quán)jeepn.吉普車courtyardn.院子；庭院；天井personneln.人力資源；人事部；全體人員walnutn.胡桃；胡桃木mercifuladj.寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的productn.產(chǎn)品stainlessadj.無銹的；不銹的；沒有污點(diǎn)的powdern.粉末；火藥cubicadj.立方的perfumen.香水；香味abruptadj.突然的；意外的cuben.立方體；立方convenientadj.便利的；方便的；就近的cautionn.小心；謹(jǐn)慎passiveadj.被動(dòng)的；消極的；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的expectationn.預(yù)料；期待；期望merryadj.愉快的；高興的criterionn.（評(píng)判的）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；尺度validadj.有效的；確鑿的stringn.線；繩子；一串ripeadj.熟的；成熟的greengrocern.蔬菜水果商freezingadj.冰凍的，嚴(yán)寒的identificationn.鑒定；辨認(rèn)；確定；身份證明innocentadj.清白的；無罪的；天真的directoryn.電話簿；商行名錄dynamicadj.充滿活力的；動(dòng)態(tài)的rainfalln.降雨stableadj.穩(wěn)固的；安定的lanternn.燈籠；提燈practicaladj.實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的；實(shí)用的jamn.堵塞；阻塞；果醬abruptlyadv.突然地；唐突地foreheadn.額頭merrilyadv.愉快地；高興地wiren.金屬絲；電線callup給……打電話beatentrack被踩出來的路；常規(guī)；慣例nowandthen偶爾，有時(shí)applyforapatent申請(qǐng)一項(xiàng)專利setabout開始，著手intheexpectation在預(yù)料中diveinto迅速把手伸入；一心投入seizetheopportunitytodo抓住機(jī)會(huì)干setout（todo）開始（做）distinguishoneself顯揚(yáng)自己；使自己揚(yáng)名hangon不掛斷；稍等；緊緊握住cannotbear不能忍受outoforder次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障trafficjams交通堵塞getthrough設(shè)法聯(lián)系上；做完；通過aseriesofdots一連串點(diǎn)ringback回復(fù)電話tap...out把……輕輕敲出ringoff掛斷電話句型1．Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomethingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnakesbut_notharmthem.（Herewasachance...thatwould...butnot...）2．Butmonitoredcarefully，thesnakesprovedtobenotroubleandallwentaccordingtoplan.（the-edform）3．Every_time_you_doyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.（Everytime...）4．...beforeyouknowit，you_willhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.（Before...youwill...）5．Althoughheismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone，hewasindeedacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybody'slife.（Although）6．I'msorry，butthisphoneisoutoforder.（...but...）功能打電話（Makingtelephonecalls）Holdtheline，please.Hangon，please.Justamoment，please.I'msorry，butthisphoneisoutoforder.I'llringhim/herupagain.ImustringoffnowbecauseIcan'tgetthrough.Sorry.He/Sheisn'thererightnow.Whichextension...，please?CanIspeakto...，please?CanIringbacklater？語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)過去分詞（用作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）（RevisethePastParticipleastheAttribute，PredicativeandObjectComplement）ThenextmorningIcarriedinmyhandasmallnetused_for_catching_fish.Sheseemedembarrassed_by_the_question.Marywantsherpaintingsdisplayed_in_the_gallery.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1．Getstudentstoknowsomethingaboutinventorsandinventions.2．Havestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsaboutinventorsandinventionsandletthemlearneffectivewaystomasterthem.3．Enablestudentstoexpresshowtomaketelephonecalls.4．Letstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofthegrammaritem：thepastparticipleastheattribute，predicativeandobjectcomplement.5．Developstudents'listening，speaking，readingandwritingabilities.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1．Enablestudentstomastertheusageofthepastparticipleastheattribute，predicativeandobjectcomplement.2．Letstudentslearntowriteadialogueofexpressinghowtomaketelephonecalls.3．Developstudents'integrativeskills.課時(shí)安排Periodsneeded：6Period1WarmingUp，Pre-reading，ReadingandComprehendingPeriod2LanguageStudyPeriod3Grammar—thePastParticipleastheAttribute，PredicativeandObjectComplement.Period4ListeningandSpeakingPeriod5ReadingandWritingPeriod6SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessmentPeriod1WarmingUp，Pre-reading，ReadingandComprehending整體設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.ThecentralpartofthisperiodisthereadingpassagewiththenameofTheProblemoftheSnakesshowingthestudentsaninventionsothatstudentscanidentifyitsstages.WarmingUpgivesthreepicturesforstudentstodiscuss.Thepointofthisexerciseistoemphasisthedifferencebetweenadiscoveryandaninvention，lettingstudentsgetsomemoreknowledgeaboutdiscoveriesandinventions.Pre-readingaimstohelpstudentsfocusonthetopicofthereadingpassageandmakethestudentsawareoftheconnectionbetweeninventingandthescientificprocess.Getstudentstoputthestagesintoasuitableorder.Readingmainlyintroducestheproblemofthesnakesthatneededtobesolved.Therearesomestagesofdealingwithsnakesinmakinganinventioncorrectly.Thewaytheinventorgoesaboutitandparticularlyhereffortstoimprovethesolutionareveryimportanttotheinventingprocess.Therearethreepicturesinthepassageandeachofthemisusedtopresentastageofcatchingthesnakes.Afteraglanceatthetitleofthetextandthethreepicturesweknowthatitistodescribeathingaboutcatchingsnakes，inwhichtherearemanystageexpressions.Thenwecanunderstandthetopicofthetextandhowtheinformationisorganized.Comprehendingconsistsofthreewrittenororalexercisesforthestudentstodosoastohelpthestudentstogetabetterunderstandingofthetext，thatistosay，tohelptheteachercheckhowmuchthestudentshaveunderstoodthetext.三維目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)Knowledgeandskills1．Toknowthemeaningsofthefollowingnewwordsandphrasesinthisperiod：patent（專利），courtyard（院子），walnut（胡桃），distinguish（區(qū)別；辨別），merciful（寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的），product（產(chǎn)品），powder（粉末），perfume（香味），stainless（無銹的；不銹的），cube（立方體），abruptly（突然地），convenient（就近的；方便的），caution（小心；謹(jǐn)慎），expectation（預(yù)料），passive（被動(dòng)的；消極的），merrily（愉快地；高興地），seize（抓?。琧riterion（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)），valid（有效的；確鑿的），file（提交），callup（給……打電話），nowandthen（偶爾，有時(shí)），setabout（開始，著手）．2．Tolearnaboutsomeinventions，makeclearthedifferencebetweenadiscoveryandaninventionandintroducestudentstotheroleofthepatentofficeindecidingwhataninventionisandwhatisnot.3．Tolearnhowtheinformationisorganized.4．Todevelopthestudents'readingabilitybyskimmingandscanningthepassage.5．Todevelopthestudents'speakingabilitybytalkingaboutinventorsandinventions.Processandmethods1．WhiledoingWarmingUptheteachercanleadinthetopicofthisunitbyshowingstudentssomepicturesofinventorsandinventions，introducesometechnicaltermsconcerninginventorsandinventionsanddevelopstudents'understandingofwhataninventionis.2．DuringPre-readingtheteachercangoaroundtheclassroomanddiscussthequestionswithseveralstudents.Thisdiscussionshouldbestudent-centeredandarousestudents'interestininventorsandinventions.Theteachershouldalsoaskthestudentssomequestionsandtrytoletthemhaveageneralknowledgeofinventorsandinventions.3．WhiledoingReadingandComprehending，theteachermayfirstaskthestudentstoreadthetextquicklytogetthegeneralideaofeachparagraph.Afterdetailedreadingofthepassage，studentsareencouragedtoanswersomequestionsanddiscussthetextstructure.4．Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage，thestudentsshouldberequiredtoretellthetextintheirownwordsattheendoftheclass.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1．Tostimulatestudentstolovescience.2．Todevelopstudents'senseofcooperativelearning.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)1．Toenablethestudentstolearnaboutinventorsandinventionsandtodeveloptheirreadingability.2．Toenablethestudentstotalkaboutinventions.教學(xué)過程Step1Warmingup1．WarmingupbylookingandtalkingShowthefollowingpicturestothestudentsandletthemknowwhichpicturesshowinventionsandwhichshowdiscoveriesandtalkaboutthem.Askthestudentstolookatthepicturesaboveanddecidewhichareinventionsandwhicharediscoveries.Thenaskthestudentstoworkwiththeirpartnersandtrytomakealistofinventionsanddiscoveries.Atlastaskthemiftheyknowanyotherinventionsanddiscoveries（suchasacar，anancienttombandsoon）andtrytotalkaboutthem.（Somenewwords：patent，product，powder，setabout，abrupt，seize，merry，caution，valid...）2．Warmingupbyreadingapassage.NewFourGreatInventionsinChinaChina'snew“FourGreatInventions”wererecentlyannounced，withhybridrice（雜交水稻），Chinesecharacterlaserprinting（漢字激光照排），syntheticbovineinsulin（人工合成結(jié)晶胰島素），andartemethercompoundtablets（復(fù)方蒿甲醚片）againstmalariamakingthecut，Xinhuareported.AccordingtoZhouZhaolong，deputydirector-generalofsouthernChina'sGuangdongAssociationofInvention，oneoftheco-sponsorsoftheselection，China's“NewFourGreatInventions”werevotedforbyboththepublicandexpertsinlinewiththerequirementsthattheybecreativeandoriginal，haveworldwidesignificanceandhaveabigsocialimpact.60percentofthevoteswerecastonline，while40percentweretakenfromexperts.Ontopofthelistishybridrice，whichwasfirstdevelopedin1973byChinesescientistYuanLongping，thereaftercalledthe“FatherofHybridRice”．ThenewbreedhasenabledChina，withitsimmensepopulationbutcomparativelylimitedareaofarableland，tosolveitslongstandingfoodproblemandcontributeagreatdealtotheworldfoodindustry.Anothermajorbreakthrough，thetechniquesforChinesecharacterlaserprinting，wasdevelopedbylatescientistWangXuan，knownas“BiSheng，F(xiàn)atherofPrintinginModernTimes”．FirstintroducedtonewspaperprintinginDecember1987，histechniquesbroughtaboutarevolutionintheprintingandpublishingindustries.AllowingChina'sprintingindustrytobidfarewelltoitsageofclayandleadprinting，sincebeingadoptedChineselaserprintinghasincreasedtheefficiencyofdomesticprinting，promotedthespreadofChineseculture，andhadafar-reachingimpactontheprintingindustriesofothercountries，includingSouthKoreaandJapan.Also，syntheticbovineinsulin，whichwasfullydevelopedin1965following6yearsofhardworkbyagroupofChinesescientists，wasthefirstcaseofhumanbeingssynthesizingliveproteins.ThesuccessmadeitpossibleforChinesescientiststodeflatethetraditionalconceptthatsaidsyntheticliveproteinswerebydefinitionimpossibleaslifestemsfromnature.Syntheticbovineinsulinmarkedasignificantbreakthroughinthefieldoflifescienceandhassubstantiallyinfluencedhumanendeavorsinfindingoutthesecretsoflife.Finally，artemethercompoundtablets，whichwerefirstdevelopedinthemid-1980sbyChinesescientists，haveprovedtobethemosteffectiveanti-malariamedicineworldwide.Withtheirbrand-newchemicalstructurefirstdiscoveredbyChinese，theyareoftencomparedto“AtomBombs”，amilestoneinthehistoryofman'sfightagainstmalaria.Step2Pre-readingAskstudentsiftheyknowthestageseveryinventormustgothroughbeforetheycanhavetheirinventionapproved.EncouragethemtotalkaboutitandlookatthelistonPage19toworkoutasuitableorder.Suggestedanswers：1．Findingaproblem2．Doingresearch3．Thinkingofacreativesolution4．Testingsolution5．Decidingontheinvention6．ApplyingforapatentStep3Readingandcomprehending1．Fast-reading：Askstudentstoskimthepassagesoastogetthekeywordsandgeneralideaofeachparagraphandanswerthequestion：What'sthemainideaofthetext?________________________________________________________________________Suggestedanswer：Thistextismainlytointroducethewriter'snewideaoftrappingthesnakesandherapplicationforapatent.2．Readthepassagecarefully，dividethepassageinto4partsandmatchthemainideaofeachpart.Part1（Paragraph______）（1）theresearchontheapproachestosolvetheproblemPart2（Paragraphs______）（2）theattemptstocatchthesnakesPart3（Paragraphs______）（3）therequirementsofgettingapatentPart4（Paragraphs______）（4）thediscoveryoftheproblemofthesnakesSuggestedanswers：Part1（Paragraph1）（4）Part2（Paragraphs2-3）（1）Part3（Paragraphs4-6）（2）Part4（Paragraphs7-8）（3）3．Askstudentstoscanfordetailedinformationandchoosethebestanswer.（1）Thebiggestadvantageofthewriter'snewideaisthat______.A．itmakesthesnakesmoveslowlyB．itmakesthesnakeshardlybiteusC．itiseasierforustokillthesnakeswithouthurtingourselvesD．itiseasierforustocatchthesnakeswithoutkillingthem（2）Howdidthesnakesreactinthefirstattempt？______A．Theyescapedimmediately.B．Theybitthewriter.C．Theywereverysleepy.D．Theyhadnoreaction.（3）Inwhichorderdidthewritercarryouttheprocessofcoolingthesnakes?a．Tookthebowlfromtheice-creammaker.b．Placedthefrozenbowloverthesnakes'habitat.c．Preparedsomeice-cubestokeepthebowlcool.d．Coveredthebowlwithabucketandlefteverythingovernight.e．Frozethebowl.A．a(chǎn)-e-b-c-dB．e-c-b-d-aC．e-a-c-d-bD．a(chǎn)-e-c-b-d（4）Howdidthewritercatchthesnakes?A．Usingsomethingthesnakeswereinterestedintoattractthemintoatrap.B．Takingtheirhabitattoanotherplace.C．Placingthesnakesatalowtemperatureforthemtosleepandthencaughtthem.D．Alltheabove.（5）Accordingtothelastparagraph，thecriteriaforapatentincludethefollowingitemsexcept______.A．yourproductneedstobesomethingsmartthathelpstomakepeople'slifeeasierandbetterB．yourinventionprovestobeacopyfromothers'productC．a(chǎn)newwaytomakedirtywatercleanD．theproductyoumakeneedstobereallydifferentfromeverybodyelse'sSuggestedanswers：（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）C（5）B4．Readthetextcarefullyandthendecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.（1）Iboughtanice-creammakermadeofaluminum.（）（2）Thesnakesaretoobigformetohandle.（）（3）Thesnakesarepoisonous.（）（4）Thesnakesarefinallysenttothezoo.（）（5）Peoplewhoproducedanewtypeofplanthavethequalificationtogetapatent.（）（6）Apatentwillbepublished18monthsfromthedateyouapply.（）Suggestedanswers：（1）F（2）F（3）T（4）F（5）F（6）FStep4LanguagestudyDealwithlanguageproblemsifany（wordsorsentencesstudentsmightnotunderstand）tohelpthestudentstohaveabetterunderstandingofthetext.Step5Listening，readingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemdownintheirnotebooksafterclassashomework.Collocations：callup，nowandthen，setabout，applyforapatent，intheexpectation，seizetheopportunitytodo，distinguishoneself...Step6StructureanalyzingAfterreading，askstudentstodiscussthetextstructure.Keysforreference：Theaimofthispassageistwo-fold.Itistodescribeaninvention