新概念英語第三冊Lesson15筆記

Lesson15五十便士的麻煩Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.孩子們總是喜歡得到一些零花錢。Mumordad,ofcourse,providearegularsupplyofpocketmoney,butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.爸爸媽媽當(dāng)然經(jīng)常給孩子零花錢，但是，叔舅嬸姨也是孩子們額外收入來源。Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.對于有些孩子來說，少量的錢可以花很長一段時間。Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.如果50便士不拿來換糖吃，則可以放在儲蓄罐里叮當(dāng)響上好幾月。Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoneybox.但是能把儲蓄罐裝滿的只有屈指可數(shù)的幾個特別節(jié)儉的孩子。Formostofthem,fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayforanicebigbarofchocolate.對大部分孩子來說，用50便士來買一大塊好的巧克力，是算不了什么的。Mynephew,George,hasamoneyboxbutitisalwaysempty.我的外甥喬治有一個儲蓄罐，但總是空空的。VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.我給了不少50便士的硬幣，但沒有幾個存到儲蓄罐里。Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.昨天，我給了他50便士讓存起來，Insteadheboughthimselffiftypenceworthoftrouble.卻拿這錢給自己買了50便士的麻煩。Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhisfiftypenceanditbouncedalongthepavementandthendisappeareddownadrain.在他去糖果店的路上，50便士掉在地上，在人行道上跳了幾下，掉進(jìn)了陰溝里。Georgetookoffhisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedhisrightarmthroughthedraincover.喬治脫掉外套，卷起袖子，將右胳膊伸進(jìn)了陰溝蓋。Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypencepieceanywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnotgethisarmout.但他摸了半天也沒找到那50便士硬幣，他的胳膊反倒退不出來了。Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbedhisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.這時在他周圍上了許多人，一位女士在喬治胳膊上抹了肥皂，黃油，但喬治的胳膊仍然卡得緊緊的。ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefightersfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrease.有人打電話叫來消防隊(duì)，兩位消防隊(duì)員使用了一種特殊的潤滑劑才使喬治得以解脫。Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperience不過，此事并沒使喬治過于傷心，becausetheladywhoownsthesweetshopheardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithalargeboxofchocolates.因?yàn)樘枪昀习迥锫犝f了他遇到的麻煩后，賞給他一大盒巧克力。筆記Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語Appreciatev.欣賞，感激--Thepoemistoodifficultformetoappreciate.--Iappreciateyourhelp.=bethankful/gratefultosb.--thankful=grateful（adj.感激的,感謝的）pocketmoney零用錢--beermoney留給丈夫的零花錢--madmoney女子留作應(yīng)急之用的私房錢--greenmoney美金（美圓是綠色的）--soft/foldingmoney紙幣,鈔票（foldingadj.可折疊的）--hardmoney硬幣（hardadj.硬的,堅(jiān)固的）thriftyadj.節(jié)約的economicaladj.節(jié)約的,經(jīng)濟(jì)的frugaladj.節(jié)儉的,樸素的nephewn.侄子，外甥bouncev.彈起，跳起--Thecoinwasbounced.同義詞：jump(v.跳躍),leap(v.躍),hop(單足跳),spring(v.彈跳n.彈簧),skip(v.跳躍,略過)pavementn.人行道stick(stuck,stuck)v.卡住，夾住，不能再動--Hisarmwasstuck.他的胳膊被卡住了。Stickv.堅(jiān)持,粘貼--Youmuststicktoyouridea.你必需要堅(jiān)持你的看法。--Stickthestampontheenvelop.stickwith…忠實(shí)于...（=befaithfulto對...忠實(shí)）--faithfuladj.守信的,忠實(shí)的Brigaden.旅,（消防）隊(duì)firebrigade（消防隊(duì)）=firedepartment=firestationgreasen.潤滑油unclen.伯父,叔父,姨丈auntn.姑媽,伯母,舅媽,阿姨extraadj.額外的pricen.代價,價格,價錢drainn.排水溝rollvt,vi卷；滾動,轉(zhuǎn)動,打滾sleeven.袖子,衣袖rubv.擦,摩擦freevt.使自由,釋放upsetadj.心煩意亂的,不適的,不舒服的vt,vi打翻,弄翻,推翻；使煩亂rewardvt.酬謝,酬勞,報答n.報酬,獎金Text課文DidGeorgegetanythingforhisfiftypence?What?Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.=Childrenalwaysappreciatepocketmoneyassmallgifts.孩子們總是喜歡得到些零花錢--Husbandsalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofbeermoney.Mumordad,ofcourse,providearegularsupplyofpocketmoney,butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextravidearegularsupplyof...定期地提供…providesthforsb/providesbwithsth為某人提供某物--Thevillagersprovidedaregularsupplyoffoodforthesoldiers.=Thevillagersprovidedthesoldierswitharegularsupplyoffoodsmallgiftsofmoney,pocketmoney,extraincome都表示零花錢。作者在兩段話里三處用了零花錢,是為了讓讀者能夠抓住主題。寫作時要避免使用相同的詞匯。Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.此句暗含：withotherchildren,smallsumscan’tgoalongway.goalongway維持很久--Themoneywehavewillgoalongway.goalongwaytowards對...大有幫助--Thiswillgoalongwaytowardsovercomingthedifficulty.（overcomevt.戰(zhàn)勝,克服）介詞with和for的區(qū)別：For(介詞)：關(guān)于,對于...來說,考慮到...的事實(shí)--TheweatherisquitewarmforNovember.--Forhim,thiswillbeanentirelynewhobby.With(介詞)：在某一方面(多用于二者的比較)--Withsomepeople,pleasureismoreimportantthanwork.--Somepeoplemayacceptthatexcuse,butitwon'tworkwithme.Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.Pence便士（penny,pennies都是pence的復(fù)數(shù)：）afiftypence一個五十便士的硬幣fiftypennies五十一便士的硬幣exchangefor換取,以...來交換--Thelittleboyexchangedhispenforcandy.（candyn.糖果,冰糖）rattlevt.(擬聲詞)叮當(dāng)作響=tinkle（vi,vt(使)發(fā)玎玲聲,(使)發(fā)出玎當(dāng)聲）roar呼嘯（重點(diǎn)突出老虎、獅子等大動物的吼叫聲）--Thecarroarbyme./Listen,alionisroaring.shoutat大喊大叫=barkatgruntvi.(豬等)作呼嚕聲vt.咕噥著說出--Heisgrunting.（adj.咕嚨的,哼哼唧唧的）slamv.砰地關(guān)上,砰地放下Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoneybox.fillup裝滿1>up：表示方向upto（表示到達(dá)目的地）--Sheranuptohim.她跑到他面前。Towards（表示朝某個方向）--Sherantowardshim.她向他跑去。2>表示沿著,走向更遠(yuǎn)的地方（側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)距離更遠(yuǎn)了）--Theywalkedupthestreet.他們沿著街道走遠(yuǎn)了。--Theychildrenrunupthegardenpathtogreettheirfather.3>系動詞+up（表示消費(fèi)、摧毀、徹底、光、用完）--Drinkupyourwhisky./Eatupyourvegetable.--Finishitup.完成它/burnup燒光/useup用光4>表示積存,從少到多,積小成多--Wemustlayupsomeboiledfoodforthewinter.Layup貯存=storeup儲藏,holdup,gatherup收集起5>表示從河的下游到上游,河流入口處以上到源頭的某一點(diǎn)--TheyaresailinguptheThames.他們正沿著泰晤士河而上。--Thehouseisuptheriver.這個房子在河的上游。6>動詞+up（表示包起來、封住、蓋?。?-buttonup扣上紐扣（--buttonyourcoatup把外衣的紐扣扣上）--wrapup包裹起來（wrapuptheshoeswithnewspaper用報紙把鞋子包起來）--lockup鎖起來（lockthehouseup用鎖把房子鎖起來）--fastenup拴緊,釘牢,鎖牢/saveup儲蓄,貯存--washup洗滌餐具,洗手洗臉,把…沖上岸/doup重新整修,包好Formostofthem,fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayforanicebigbarofchocolate.fiftypenceissmallpricetopay=fiftypenceisnotmuchtopayasmallprice=notmuchmoney并不是很多--Forhimtwothousanddollarsissmallpricetopayforit.--FormefivehundredYuanisnotasmallpricetopayforabicycle.Mynephew,George,hasamoneyboxbutitisalwaysempty.VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.poundcoinn.1英鎊硬幣findtheirwaythere=reach抵達(dá),到達(dá),找到自己的去處findone’swayinto/to…--Riversfindtheirwaytothesea.--Howdidsuchafoolishstatementfinditswayintoprint?這樣愚蠢的話怎么會被印出來了？--Allmybookshavealreadyfoundtheirwaythere.Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.advisesbtodosth說服某人做某事（結(jié)果是失敗的）persuadesbtodosth說服某人做某事（結(jié)果是成功的）Insteadheboughthimselffiftypenceworthoftrouble.instead（adv.代替）相反的是…fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻煩Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhisfiftypenceanditbouncedalongthepavementandthendisappeareddownadrain.Georgetookoffhisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedisrightarmthroughthedraincover.系列的動詞構(gòu)成平行結(jié)構(gòu)：takeoff,rolledup,pushrollvi.滾動vt.滾動--Thepencilrolled(vi.)underthetable.--Herolled(vt.)theballtowardsthepuppy.（puppyn.(常指未滿一歲的)小狗,小動物）rollup卷起,挽起--Wewillneedtorollupthecarpet.Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypencepieceanywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnogethisarmout.what引導(dǎo)的插入語Whatismoreimportant.更重要的是/Whatisworse.更糟糕的是Whatismore.更有甚者/Whatisrare.更罕見的是--Hewenttothemeeting,andwhatisworse,insistedonspeaking.--Heisaninterestingspeaker,andwhatismoreimportant,heknowshissubjectthoroughly.他是一個有風(fēng)趣的演說者，更重要的是他對他的話題了如指掌Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbedhisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.gatherround…聚在…周圍rubbedhisarmwith…用...涂抹在胳膊上firmlyadv.穩(wěn)固的,堅(jiān)定的（加強(qiáng)語氣）ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefighterfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrease.Using…現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語（強(qiáng)調(diào)一種方式）firefightern.救火隊(duì)員Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperiencebecausetheladywhoownsthesweetshopheardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithlargeboxofchocolates.Rewardedsbwith…用...來獎賞某人Specialdifficulties難點(diǎn)1.save/2.sail（steamboatn.汽船,輪船）3.buttoned/4.Eat/5.went/6.wrapped7.wind（v.上發(fā)條,繞,纏）8.do（shoelacen.鞋帶）Multiplechoicequestions多項(xiàng)選擇1.C 2.D 3.Ahavesthdone/getsthoutof4.Bplenty僅用于肯定句中,much用于肯定句、否定句、疑問句。5.Badvisesbtodosth advisesbthat...--that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句必須要出現(xiàn)should+動詞原形（虛擬語氣