Unit4HistoryAndTraditions（教學(xué)課件）-高中英語(yǔ)人教版-1

UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS重點(diǎn)單詞短語(yǔ)講練1.surroundvt.圍繞;包圍◆單句填空①Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,which

(surround)byahighwirefence②Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surrounded

hisfamily.③Determiningwhereweareinrelationtoour

(sur-

round)remainsanessentialskillforoursurvivalwassurroundedbysurroundingsyourselfSurroundedbyEurope點(diǎn)撥surroundoneselfwithsb./sth.喜歡結(jié)交(某類人);喜歡身邊總有(某類東西)besurroundedby...被……包圍(2)surroundingadj.周圍的(3)surroundingsn.環(huán)境2.chargen.收費(fèi);指控;主管vt.收費(fèi);控告;充電vi.向……方向沖去◆單句填空①Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthree

centswascharged—andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpapers

(charge)fiveorsixcents.(2019課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅲ)②Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestand

(charge)towardme.③Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof

whatitused

(charge).chargedchargestocharge④Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,

extrachargemaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.◆完成句子⑤約翰,你會(huì)同意負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作嗎?

John,willyouagreeto

thework?(2020全國(guó)新高考

Ⅰ)antakechargeof◆同義句改寫(xiě)⑥PolicehavechargedMr.Bellwithmurder.(用accuse改寫(xiě))→Police

murder.⑦Heisinchargeoftheclass.→Theclass

him.(用Theclass作主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))→He

theclass.(用He作主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))◆句式升級(jí)⑧Mr.Bell,whoisinchargeoftheclass,

bypolice.(用定語(yǔ)從句連接⑥⑦原句)haveaccusedMr.Bellofisinthechargeoftakeschargeofhasbeenchargedwithmurder點(diǎn)撥……罪(2)freeofcharge免費(fèi)inthechargeof被……掌管;由……負(fù)責(zé)inchargeof掌管(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))takechargeof掌管(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)易錯(cuò)(1)inchargeofsth.意為“(某人)負(fù)責(zé),掌管”,表示主動(dòng);inthechargeofsb./insb.'scharge意為“(某事)由某人負(fù)責(zé)/掌管”,表示被動(dòng)。(2)類似短語(yǔ)有:inpossessionof意為“占有”,表示主動(dòng);inthepossessionof意

為“被……占有”,表示被動(dòng)。incontrolof意為“管理,控制”,表示主動(dòng);in

thecontrolof意為“由……管理/控制”,表示被動(dòng)。3.announcevt.宣布;通知;聲稱◆單句填空①Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibrary

(announcement)onyoursocialmedia.(2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)②Hesaidtheluckywomanwillbe

(announce)onthewebsiteandthetripwillbesharedonline.③Astheceremonywasnearingtheend,Isuddenlyheardtheheadcoach

(announce),“ThehighesthonorgoestoCathyannouncementsannouncedannouncing④Thegovernmentyesterdayannounced

themediaplanstocreateamillionnewjobs.◆同義句改寫(xiě)⑤Peopleannouncedthatnewspeedrestrictionswouldbeintroduced.(用it作形

式主語(yǔ))→

newspeedrestrictionswouldbeintroduced.toItwasannouncedthat點(diǎn)撥(1)Itis/wasannouncedthat...據(jù)稱……;據(jù)宣布……announcetosb.sth./that...向某人宣布……(2)announcementn.公告;宣布makeanannouncement下通知;宣布易錯(cuò)announce后不跟雙賓語(yǔ),即不能說(shuō)announcesb.sth.,可以說(shuō)announcetosb.

sth.。類似不接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有explain、say、report、describe、suggest、

mention、express等。易混(1)announce指把人們關(guān)心或感興趣的事情公布于眾,尤其是新聞之類的消

息。(2)declare多指正式地當(dāng)眾發(fā)布某件大事、要聞或官方立場(chǎng)、態(tài)度等,常用于

宣戰(zhàn)、議和或宣判。4.approachn.方法;途徑;接近vt.接近;接洽;著手處理vi.靠近◆賞句猜義①Ifachildapproacheshim,hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedatten-

tion.(2019天津)

②Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.

③Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportingandde-

velopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammers

fromgettingthrough.(2019北京)

接近接洽方法接近接近方法approachedapproachesto◆完成句子⑩所以我慢慢地接近不速之客,隔著柵欄,朝它臉上噴了一口。(approach)SoI

and,throughthefence,sprayedhimintheface.(2020浙江)approachedouruninvitedguestslowly點(diǎn)撥makeanapproachto要求;建議anapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法聯(lián)想justaround/roundthecorner(時(shí)間上)臨近地,馬上,快要;(距離上)緊鄰地,很近

地5.crowdn.人群;一群人;民眾vt.擠滿;使……擁擠◆單句填空①Westopaskingquestions.Westopchallengingcustom.Wejustfollow

crowd.Andthecrowddesiresonlythecalmandrestfulaverage.(2020天津)②DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasa

(crowd)mountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?(2019課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)thecrowdedwithwascrowdedcrowds◆完成句子⑥穿過(guò)一群人后,我終于找到了地鐵的一個(gè)出口。After

,Ifinallyfoundaexitofthesubway.makingmywaythroughacrowdof/crowdsofpeople點(diǎn)撥(1)acrowdof=crowdsof一大群;一群人thecrowd人群(2)crowdin/into(想法、問(wèn)題等)涌上心頭;涌入腦海crowdaround/round(sb./sth.)聚集在某人/物周圍;聚攏(3)crowdedadj.擁擠的becrowdedwith充滿,擠滿downup③Herfriendscametohelpherwhenthewarbroke

.(2017浙江)④Ididn'tknowwheretogoandhowtofindcouragetobreak

thebarriersthatwereholdingmeback.⑤Therewasnoonenearbywhomightseehimtryingtobreak

thehouse.◆完成句子⑥他去年脫離了我們公司,此后,我再也沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他。He

lastyear,sincethenIhaveseenhimnomore.outthroughinto點(diǎn)撥breakdown打倒;分解;出故障breakin強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入;插嘴,打斷breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入;突然開(kāi)始(笑、唱等)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病等)突然發(fā)生,爆發(fā)breakthrough沖突;突破;克服;戰(zhàn)勝breakup拆開(kāi);結(jié)束2.belongto屬于◆單句填空①AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.Thetwo

(belong)together.②Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybe-

long

aparticulargroup.③Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly

greatersenseof

(belong),abondwithothers.(2018課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)belongtobelongingbelongings◆一句多譯老虎是一種大而兇猛的動(dòng)物,屬于貓科?！軦tigerisalargefierceanimal

thecatfamily.(現(xiàn)

在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))→⑥Atigerisalargefierceanimal

thecatfamily.(定

語(yǔ)從句)belongingtowhich/thatbelongsto點(diǎn)撥(1)belongvi.應(yīng)在(某處);適應(yīng)(2)belongingn.歸屬感asenseofbelonging歸屬感(3)belongingsn.財(cái)產(chǎn);所有物易錯(cuò)belongto無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí),后接名詞或代詞賓格。聯(lián)想類似belongto,不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的短語(yǔ)還有:datebackto/datefrom(追溯到),consistof(包括),takeplace(發(fā)生)等。wasgivenasteaches◆同義句改寫(xiě)④Theworkerswanttoreduceworkinghoursaswellasincreasetheirpay.→

,buttheyalsowanttoreduceworkinghours.(用notonly...butalso...和倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)改寫(xiě))Notonlydotheworkerswanttoincreasetheirpay點(diǎn)撥(1)aswellas用作連詞,連接兩個(gè)并列的成分,如名詞、形容詞等,通常不位于

句首。(2)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)含有aswellas時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和aswellas前面的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一

致。類似用法的還有togetherwith、alongwith、with、besides、but、ex-

cept、including、ratherthan等。(3)aswellas作介詞,相當(dāng)于besides、inadditionto,意為“除……之外(還有…

…)”,后面通常接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。(4)aswell意為“也;又;而且”,相當(dāng)于too、also。may/mightaswell表示委婉的建議,一般是針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的情況提出另外的提議,意為“不妨……,還是……

吧”。1.ifany省略句教材原句Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?◆同義句改寫(xiě)①And,havingspokentomanyoftheworld'sforemostAIresearchers,Ibelieveth-ereisgoodreasontodoubtthatwewillseeAGIanytimesoon,ifever.(2020北京)→And,havingspokentomanyoftheworld’sforemostAIresearchers,Ibelieve

thereisgoodreasontodoubtthatwewillseeAGIanytimesoon,

.(改成完整句)ifthereisever②Hasitbeenawhilesinceyourlastvisittoapubliclibrary?Ifso,youmaybe

surprisedtolearnthatlibrarieshavechangedforthebetter.→Hasitbeenawhilesinceyourlastvisittoapubliclibrary?

,youmaybesurprisedtolearnthatlibrarieshavechangedforthebetter.(改成完整句)③Ifitispossible,youshouldtryitoncemore.→

,youshouldtryitoncemore.(改成省略句)IfitissoIfpossible④Washitinwaterandpickoutthesmallparticles,ifthereareany.→Washitinwaterandpickoutthesmallparticles,

.(改成省略句)◆完成句子⑤如果你方便的話,我們8:30在校門口外面見(jiàn)面。如果不方便,讓我知道什么

時(shí)間最適合你。Ifit‘sconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.

.ifanyIfnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest點(diǎn)撥該句中,ifany相當(dāng)于ifthereisanydifference。當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it/therebe

句型時(shí),從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)部分的be或therebe可以省略。聯(lián)想if構(gòu)成的其他省略形式:ifso如果這樣的話ifever如果曾經(jīng)有的話ifnot如果不是的話ifnecessary如果必要的話ifpossible如果可能的話引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句教材原句ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcitythat

hasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.◆單句填空①WheninRome,do

theRomansdo.②

isknowntousall