遼寧省高三下學(xué)期普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試臨門一卷（一）英語

絕密★啟用前2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試·臨門一卷(一)英語本試題卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马?xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whendoesthemanplantomeetthewoman?A.At2:00pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Therosescostthesameasexpected.B.Therosesaredifficulttofind.C.Therosesarecheaperthanlastyear.3.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Hungry.C.Annoyed.4.Whatistheweatherlikeoutside?。A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.5.What'sthewomandoing?A.Gettingdressed.B.Havingaparty.C.Buyingnewclothes.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenwillthestudentsarriveatthemuseum?A.Atabout8:00am.B.Atabout9:00am.C.Atabout10:00am.7.WhatdoesthewomanexpecttodoinBamfordPark?A.Pickflowers.B.Workout.C.Haveapicnic.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatattractsthemanmostaboutgoingtoCambridgeUniversity?A.Britishculture.B.Thecollege'sreputation.C.Thecollege'sachievement.9.Whatdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman'splanintheend?A.Surprised.B.Supportive.C.Worried.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題.10.WhatshouldMaryhandinnextMonday?A.Asummary.B.Ashortnovel.C.Afilmreview.11.HowmanywordsdoesMaryneedtowritefortheassignment?A.About100.B.About120.C.About150.12.WhatdoesthemanaskMarytodo?A.Memorizethenewwords.B.Recitethetext.C.Copytheidiomsthreetimes.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Shecan'tfindherwaytothebookstore.B.Shefailedinthechemistrytestagain.C.Shehasn'tboughtthechemistrytextbook.14.Howmanychapterswerethespeakersrequiredtoread?A.Two.B.Six.C.Seven.15.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hedoesn'tlikeProfessorJenkins.B.Heisweakinchemistry.C.Hedoesn'tfeelthatworried.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Gotothebookstoreagain.C.TurntoProfessorJenkinsforhelp.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredidthesharkattacksoccurrecently?A.InNorthCarolina.B.InCalifornia.C.InFlorida.18.WhatdoesGrahamSchwartzprobablydo?A.He'salifeguardofthebeaches.B.He'saresearcherfromamuseum.C.He'sasharkexpertfromauniversity.19.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodotokeepawayfrombeingattacked?A.Playtogetherinthewater.B.Swimwherethewateriswarm:C.Avoidcertaintypesofbathingsuits.20.WhatdidtheDepartmentofParksandRecreationdo?A.Theycloseddownthebeaches.B.Theyconductedastudyonsharkattacks.C.Theyforcedboatsandfishermentostopallactivities.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分3分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWindsorCastle,EnglandPossiblyoneofthemostfamouscastlesinEuropeisWindsorCastleinEngland,whichhasbeenthehomeofBritishroyaltyforcenturies.Thecastleissurroundedby13acresoflandandfeaturesafortification,apalace,andasmalltown.ThesedaysthecastlefeaturesaGeorgianandVictoriandesignbasedonamedievalstructure,withGothicfeatures.Asyouwouldexpectinanyhomeofamonarch(君主),famousartpiecesfeaturewithinthecastle.BeingoneofthethreeofficialresidencesoftheQueen,itisstillfullyoperationalandattractingtouristsisnotitsmainpurpose.VisitorscanexpecttovisitStateApartmentsaswellastheStGeorge'sChapelandwitnesschangingoftheGuard.MontSaintMichel,FranceFewplacesintheworldareasmagicalastheMontSaintMichelinFrance.TheaweinspiringislandlocatedwhereNormandyandBrittanymeetisotherworldly(超世俗的)andunique.Eventhoughnottechnicallyacastle,itwouldbedifficultforanyonetodenyitsmagnificence.Whatsitsontopoftheislandisamedievalmonasteryattractingpilgrimsforcenturies.ThelegendtellsthatbishopAubertfromanearbytownwasorderedbyArchangelhimselftobuildachurchontopoftheisland.Thescenerysurroundingtheislandiseverchangingasthetidesofthebaycanrecede(后退)quickly,revealingapletelydifferentview.Duringthelowtide,theislandcanbereachedonfoot,andhundredsoftouristsvisiteachday.Museums,parishchurch,andtheabbeyareopenforvisitors.EltzCastle,GermanyEltzCastlehassteadilybeeoneofthemostphotographedcastlesonInstagramwithmanylandscapephotographerschoosingtocaptureitduringtheeerie(怪異的)hoursoftheday.Thecastlesitsontopofahillsurroundedbyathickforest,addingtothemysteriousfeel.Duetoitssecludedposition,itfeelsworldsaway.Justlikemanymedievalcastles,EltzCastlehasseenitsfairshareofconflictbutwasneverdestroyedoverthecenturies.Interestingly,EltzFamilyhaspossessionofthecastletothisday.BranCastle,RomaniaBranCastleisapproximately2500feethighandrisesfrombetweensurroundingtrees.ItoverlooksthebeautifulvillageofBran,andtheseveraltowersandturrets(塔樓)giveitamysteriousmood.Nowadaystouristscanvisitthecastleandwanderthroughthenarrowstairwaysleadingto60timbered(木質(zhì)的)rooms,interesting,manyofthemconnectedbyundergroundpassages.21.WhatdoweknowaboutWindsorCastle,England?A.ItisresidenceoftheQueennow.B.Touristscanpayavisittothecastleforfree.C.Youcanvisiteveryplaceinthecastle.D.Noneoftheartpiecesisseeninthecastle.22.WhichisthefeatureofEltzCastle,Germany?A.Ontopoftheislandsitsamedievalmonastery.B.Itcanbereachedonfootduringthelowtide.C.Museumsandchurchareaccessibleforvisitors.D.Itisoneofthemostphotographedcastlesforitsmystery.23.Whatshouldyouchoosetoexperiencewoodenrooms?A.WindsorCastle,EnglandB.MontSaintMichel,FranceC.EltzCastle,GermanyD.BranCastle,RomaniaBAtfirstglance,thesnowthat'schangedfromwhitetobrightpinkintheItalianAlpsseemslikeastunningfeatofnature.Butscientistssayitmayactuallybeawarningsignofenvironmentaltrouble.Algae(藻類)aretothankorblameforthepinklayerthatcoatsthePresenaGlacierinnorthernItaly.Scientistssayit'snotanunmonphenomenoninthespringandsummer,buttheywarnthatitcouldbeeaproblemifitstartsoccurringmorefrequently.BiagioDiMauro,directoroftheInstituteofPolarSciences(ISP)atItaly'sNationalResearchCouncil,traveledtotheglaciertoinvestigatethemysteriousalgae.Whilethephenomenoniswelldocumented,"thereisrelativelylittlescientificliteratureonthisphenomenon,whichhasthedirecteffectofacceleratingthemeltingofsnowandice,"theinstitutesaid.Photosfromthetrekshowamassivealgaebloom,turninglargeswathsoftheglacierfromwhitetopink.DiMaurosaidonTwitterthatthealgaewaslikelyChlamydomonasnivalis(極地雪藻).AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalNature,snowalgaehasinfluenceoncarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Thealgaeisnotdangerous,itisanaturalphenomenonthatoccursduringthespringandsummerperiodsinthemiddlelatitudesbutalsoatthePoles,DiMaurosaidinapressrelease.Thealgaecouldacceleratemeltinginthealreadyfragileregion.Climatechange,contributingto2020'sunseasonablywarmtemperaturesandlackofsnow,isexacerbatingtheissue.Typicallyicereflectsthemajorityofthesun'sradiation,butalgaedarkentheice,causingadecreaseinreflectivity.Thiscausesthesnowtoabsorbmoreheatandmeltmorequickly."Everythingthatdarkensthesnowcausesittomeltbecauseitacceleratestheabsorptionofradiation,"saidDiMauro,Inordertoflourish,theorganismsneedanavailablesupplyofwater.So,astheicemeltevenmorealgaewillappear.InMay,Antarcticasawgreensnow,alsocausedbymicroscopicalgae.Atthetime,scientistssaidthatastheplanetwarmsandmoreofAntarctica'ssnowmelts,thealgaewillonlycontinuetospread.24.Whatcanwelearnaboutsnow'schangingfromwhitetobrightpink?A.Itisprovedamasterpieceofnature.B.Itoccursmainlybecauseofthealgae.C.Itisamonphenomenoninthewinter.D.Ithasledtoseriousenvironmentalproblems.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exacerbating"inParagraph5mean?A.Preventing.B.Lessening.C.Worsening.D.Delaying.26.Whateffectdoesthealgaehave?A.Speedingupthemeltofsnowandglacier.B.Reflectingmoreradiationofthesun.C.Causingunreasonablewarmtemperatures.D.Causinglackofsnowinthefragileregion.27.Inwhichsectioncanwereadthetext,inthenewspaper?A.Sports.B.Environment.C.Economics.D.Entertainment.CParentsplayanimportantroleindeterminingtheeducationalsuccessoftheirchildren.Theirexpectationsforhowwelltheirchildrendoatschoolandtheenvironmentathomeareimportantdeterminantsofachievements.Familyinfluenceisgreatinhelpingachildtorealizeacademicacplishment.Childrenwholiveinhomesinwhichtheparentsareacademicallysuccessful,oncetheybeeparents,oftenfeelthattheirjobistopreparetheirchildrentodolikewiseinschool.Theytaketheirkidsonvacation,andtheyspendtimelearningaboutlocalhistoryatmuseums.Theyalsomayensurethattheirkidshavetimetostudyandunderstandtheimportanceofschoolattendance.Schoolisapriorityforthesefamilies,andchildreninthesefamiliesgrowupwithafocusonlearning.Parentswhohavehighacademicexpectationsandthosewhoadoptamoreauthoritarianparentingstylefortheirchildrenoftenhavechildrenwhodowellinschool.However,itcanbedangeroustosetexpectationstoohigh,suchthatachildfeelsoverlypressuredtoperform.Thesetypesofexpectationsshouldbebalancedwiththosethatrelatedirectlytothechildren,sothattheywillbeabletopersonallysetandreachgoals,workhardandtoenjoybeingcurious.Parentswhosupporttheirchildrenintheiracademicworkalsopositivelyinfluencetheirperformance.Thistakesdifferentformsforfamilies.Someparentsmighthelpwithhomework,orvolunteeratschool.Othersprovideaquietstudyspace,aconsistentbedtimeorapositiveexampleofhardworkanddiscipline.Howparentsshowsupportfortheirchild'sacademiccareervariesbyfamilyandbyculture.Nomatterhowitisshown,itisavitalpartofachild'sacademicsuccesstoknowtheirparentsarebehindtheirefforts.Aloveofreadinginahouseholdcanalsopositivelyaffectachild'sacademicattainment.Learningnewvocabulary,andhowtopredict,understandandrespondtoatextarejustsomeoftheskillschildrencanlearnathomeandthatareimportantinanacademicenvironment.Readingbooks,newspapers,magazinesandwebsiteswithchildrenonaregularbasissetsthemupforsuccessatschool.28.Inwhataspectdoparentsinfluencechildrenimportantly?A.Familylife.B.Adultlife.C.Expectationsoftheirjobs.D.Academicachievements.29.Whatmayacademicallysuccessfulparentsputfirst?A.Familytravel.B.Historicknowledge.C.Attendingschool.D.Goingtomuseums.30.Howmayacademicallysuccessfulparentsinfluencetheirchildren'sacademicachievements?A.Theyasktheirchildrentosolveproblemsalone.B.Theymayinviteteacherstotheirhousestoteach.C.Theyputgreatpressureontheirchildren.D.Theycanofferhelptotheirchildrenindifferentways.31.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Familyinfluenceonchildren'sacademicachievementsB.HowtoimprovetherelationinafamilyC.WhatparentscandotohelptheirchildrenD.BenefitsofsuccessfulparentsDPromising42,000newhomesacrossfiveresidentialdistricts,theecotownofTengahwillbethe24thnewsettlementbuiltbySingapore'sgovernmentsinceWorldWarII.Itis,however,thefirstwithcentralizedcooling,automatedtrashcollectionandacarfreetowncenter,whichconservationistshopeoffersaroadmapforslashing(大幅度削減)carbonemissionsintheSoutheastAsiancitystate.Althoughparativelysmall,withapopulationofunder6millionpeople,Singapore'spercapitaemissionsarehigherthanthoseoftheUK,ChinaandneighboringMalaysia,accordingtothecountry'sNationalClimateChangeSecretariat.That'sdue,inpart,toairconditioning,whichaccountsformorethanathirdoftypicalhouseholdenergyconsumption.TheMeteorologicalServiceSingapore(MSS)haspredictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,averagedailytemperaturesinthecitystatemaybeatleast34.1degreesCelsius"almosteveryday"duringtheeightwarmestmonthsoftheyear.Assuch,keepingcoolwill,increasingly,beanecessityforresidents.Katherthandemonizing(妖魔化)airconditioning,Tengah'splannershaveinsteadsoughttoreimagineit.Coldwater,chilledusingsolarpower,willbepipedthroughthedistrict'shomes,meaningresidentsdon'tneedtoinstallinefficientoutdoorACcondensers.Accordingtothetown'senergyprovider,SPGroup,thiswillgeneratecarbondioxidesavingsequivalenttotaking4,500carsofftheroadseachyear.Plannersusedputermodelingtosimulatewindflowandheatgainacrossthetown,helpingtoreducethesocalledurbanheatislandeffect.Elsewhere,"smart"lightswillswitchoffwhenpublicspacesareunoccupied,andtrashwillbestoredcentrally,withmonitorsdetectingwhengarbageneedscollecting.Allresidentswillhaveaccesstotheappallowingthemtomonitortheirenergyandwaterusage.Digitaldisplaysineachblockwillmeanwhileinformoccupantsoftheircollectiveenvironmentalimpact,whichcouldevenencouragepetitionbetweenresidentialblocks.Regardlessofwhethertheuseofsmarttechnologycansignificantlyreducegreenhousegasemissionsornot,engagingresidentswiththeirownconsumptioncouldencouragebehavioralchange,accordingtoPerrineHamel,anassistantprofessoratNanyangTechnologicalUniversity'sAsianSchooloftheEnvironment."Changingbehaviorisgoingtobeanintegralpartofachievingclimatetargetsand,ofcourse,urbandesignisthefirstwaytoaffectandchangebehavior,"shesaid.32.WhatcanweknowaboutTengahfromParagraph1?A.Itoffersfreecarstoeveryresident.B.Itfacesseriousenvironmentalproblems.C.Itfeaturesasustainableurbandesign.D.It'sthefirstecotowninSoutheastAsia.33.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?A.Topredictclimatechangeinthefuture.B.Towarnpeoplenottouseairconditioning.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofconservingenergy.D.Tostressthenecessityofadoptingefficientcooling.34.WhatwillhappentoTengah'sresidentsaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Theywillbeabletochecktheirenergyusage.B.Theywillberequiredtodisposeofgarbageontheirown.C.Theywillbeinvolvedinvariouspetitiveactivities.D.Theywillnolongerbeaffectedbytheurbanheatislandeffect.35.WhatdoesthesmarturbandesignhelpaccordingtoPerrineHamel?A.Helpsefficientlyreducecarbonemissions.B.Promoteschangesinpeople'sbehavior.C.Encouragesthedecreaseinenergyconsumption.D.Bringsmoreconveniencetopeople'slives.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分1分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。2021istheYearoftheOxaccordingtoChinesezodiac.InChinayouwillfindvariousoxfiguresmadeofgold,wood,plastic,paper,shellandstoneonsaleinstoresandonstreetstocelebratethereturn.v36Centuriesago,mostpeopleearnedtheirlivingthroughfarming.Forexample,theoxwasusedtohelpplow,cultivateandcarryheavygoods.Besides,theoxhaslonghadasignificantplaceinChineseculture.37IntheClassicofPoetry,theoldestexistingcollectionofChinesepoetry,theanimalwasmentionedinnineoutofthe305pieces.38Tothisday,thephrase"thespiritofox"stillreferstoconqueringanythingthatmaypresentitselfasanobstacle.39Whensomeoneachievesagreatacplishmentthroughhardwork,peopleoftenuse"niu",meaning"awesome",todescribehimorher.Oxenseldombullytheweakorfearthestrong.40ThisisreflectedinacoupletfromapoembyLuXun(18811936):"Fiercebrowed,Icoollydefyathousandpointingfingers;Headbowed,likeawillingoxIservethechildren",whichfullyexpressesthepoet'sloyaltytothepeople.A.Theyworkhardandmakesacrifices.B.Theyneverseektobethecenterofattentionanddonotlookforpraise.C.Thespiritishighlypraisedandmanypeoplefollowitastheirworkethic.D.AncientChinesepoetsandwritersfrequentlydescribedtheoxinliterature.E.Butwhywastheoxchosentobeoneofthe12Chinesezodiacsigns?F.Theoxisconsideredasymbolofdiligenceandearnestness(認(rèn)真)inChineseculture.G.ThosewhowerebornintheYearoftheOxareoftenexpectedtobehardworking.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Somethingunpredictabletookplacetoday.IwasatthegateatNYairport,41togetonmyplanetoanothercity.Suddenly,alittleboywholookedtobeeighteenmonthswashavingatotalbreakdown,42betweentheseats,kickingandscreaming,thenlyingontheground,refusingtoboardthe43.Hisyoungmom,whowasclearlypregnantandtravelingalonewithherson,becamepletelylost.Shecouldn't44hersonbecausehewaslyingdownontheground,kickingand45.Themotherfinallysatdownonthefloorandputherheadinherhands,withhersonnexttoher.Then,thisgorgeousthinghappend.Sixorsevenwomenintheairportapproachedand46thepoormotherandthelittleboy.Wekneltdown,andformedacircle.IsangTheItsyBitsySpidertothelittleboy.Onewomanhad'alittle47inherbagthatshelettheboyplaywith,anotherwomangavethemomanewlybought48ofwater.Someoneelse49themomtogetthekid'scupoutofherbagandgiveittohim.Itwasso50becausetherewasno51andnooneknewanyoneelse,butwewereabletocalmthembothdown,andshegotherchildontheplane.Afterthey52thedoorweallwentbacktoour53seatsanddidn'ttalkaboutit.Wewerestrangers,gatheringto54problems.Itoccurredtomethatacircleofwomen,withamission,can55theworld.41.A.leavingB.beggingC.waitingD.standing42.A.runningB.yellingC.dashingD.listening43.A.boatB.taxiC.trainD.plane44.A.setupB.takeinC.putdownD.pickup45.A.speakingB.screamingC.jumpingD.laughing46.A.laughedB.neglectedC.questionedD.surrounded47.A.dogB.toyC.gunD.coat48.A.cupB.bowlC.bagD.bottle49.A.refusedB.forcedC.helpedD.allowed50.A.boringB.dangerousC.gorgeousD.interesting51.A.discussionB.admissionC.timeD.need52.A.lookedintoB.turnedintoC.wentthroughD.heardof53.A.separateB.woodC.mon.D.priceless54.A.produceB.solveC.analyze.D.forget55.A.destroyB.winC.cheatD.save第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thelasthourofanyone'sworkdayisnotalwaysfruitful.Asthehoursofhighproductivitystarttofade,mostofusbeginwatchingtheclock.But56(end)theworkdaywithpurposescanboostsuccessbothinsideandoutsidetheoffice.Whilemanyofusspendourlasthourofworkmakingatodolistfortomorrow,57(success)peoplereviewthedaytheyjusthad,instead.Itissuggestedthatthelasthourofaday58(spend)onreflectionthefailuresandsuccesses,howeverlargeorsmall.Documentingouracplishmentswillbehelpfultoourprofessional59(grow)andbringmorejoyintoourjob