詳解家庭關(guān)系

BARBRINEWYORKBARREVIEWYOUARETHEJUDGEDOMESTICRELATIONS(JULY7,BasicMattersthatPrecedetheGettingmarried,consequencesofgettingTerminationofGetting Marriage(mostheavilytested)Children(childcustody,support,2ndheavilyConflictoflaws(federalismMattersthatPrecedetheIfunmarriedcohabitantsdoesnothaveanyintentiontomarrybuttheyenterintoacontract,NYcourtwillenforcetheiragreement.Exception:ifanypartoftheconsiderationissex,NYcourtwillnotenforceit.(Prostitutionisillegal)InconsiderationforW’seffortformaintainingthehomeandmanagingthehouseholdaffairs,thenintheeventthattheysplitup,Hwillpayher$10,000ayear→InconsiderationforW’shavingsexwithH,thenintheeventthattheysplitup,Hwillpayher$10,000ayear→notenforceable,prostitutionisnotIftheunmarriedcohabitantswhoareengagedenterintoAnte-nuptials(prenuptial)agreements(usuallymoneyinvolves)ExpresscontractincontemplationofTypicallywilladdresseconomicmattersintheeventthemarriageisunsuccessful,usuallywilldealwithpropertyseparationandButitcangofurtherthanthat,suchasaboutmakingcertainlegacyinaWill,orchildsupportorchildcustodyChallengetotheStatuteofFrauds,inwritingandsignedbybothspousesMustgetmarriedAnyotherKrequirements(duress,AthreattocalloffaweddingisnotFirst,lookforifthereisassetdisclosure,orindependentdisclosureofassetsbythepartiesinthisparticularcontract.seeifbothpartiesarerepresentedbyacounsel.Ifso,it’shardtoargueseeifoneofwhomisThesecontractsarecontingentonthepartiesgettingmarried,ortheanti-nuptialsdoesnotcomeintoeffectBorntounmarriedwomenareknown“non-maritalNon-maritalchildhasthesamerightasthemaritalchildInheritsfrombothbiologicalHasstandingtosueforwrongfuldeathifbiologicalparentisinjuredinHasrighttosocialEntitledtoeconomicsupportsfrombothparentsthroughouttheageofminorityNeedtofigureoutastowhothebiologicalparentsareMotherisprettyeasytofigureAnfiliationproceeding(paternity)fortheIfthefatheracknowledgethechildashis,noneedforthisproceedingFileinFamilyCanbeinitiatedbyeitherthebiologicalmotherorthechildactingthroughaguardianSometimesthefathercanstarttheproceedingsaswellHastobefiledbeforethechildturnsRequiresthePtoestablishtheDisthefatherbyclearandconvincingMother’sclaimofsexualaccessbytheDneednotbecorroboratedTheD’sclaimthattheothermenhassexwiththemothermustbecorroboratedDNAevidenceisadmissibleandcanbeorderedonthemotionofeitherparty,butnotrequiredInthestateofNewYork,ifamanrepresentshimselfasachild'sdad,eventhoughweultimatelydiscoveredthatheisnot,hecanbeequitablyestoppedfromdenyingpaternity,ifthechildhasdetrimentallyreliedonhisrepresentation.i.e.一男子對小孩付出了financially以及各種養(yǎng)育，當(dāng)小孩8歲做親子鑒定的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子不是自己的，男子想逃離責(zé)任。此時，此男子已經(jīng)不能夠，estoppedfromdenyingpaternityb/cthechildhasreliedonhisrepresentation.Amothercanalsobeequitablyi.e.10親找到孩子的親生父親ObsoleteThereusedtobe5matrimonialtortactionsinNY(heartbalmclaim)buthasbeingabolishedfordecadesnoreliefifyouseeoneofthefollowing:BreachofpromisetoSeductionofaunmarriedfemale,actionableonthepartofthewomen’sfatherAlienationofaffectionsbroughtbymarriedpersonagainsta3rdpartywhoturnedthespousehostileCouldbeusedtosuetheinlawsoranewloveCriminalCivilclaimforJactitationofRepresentingwidelyinthecommunitybutfalselythatyouaremarriedtosomeonewhenitisnotinfactthecaseIfyoufileaclaimorattempttosecureasettlementforoneofthe5actions,thenitisafelony Givenincontemplationofmarriagecanberecoveredifthemarriagedoesnottakeplace SuchasanengagementButthingslikecashmeresweaterforChristmasorDVDplayerforbirthday,youcannotgetthatbackMarried Itisacontract,a3partycontract(H,WandthestateofThroughaceremonial2NeedaNeedSomecapacityissuesareconventionalcontractualcapacityissues(infant,insanity…)OthersareuniquetomaritalHavetobesingletogetmarried,otherwiselackSame-sexmarriage→allowedinCityclerkortownHas24hourswaitingGoodforonly60FailuretogetalicenseormechanicalfaultingettingthelicensewillnoteffectthelegalityofyourmarriageRequiresasolemndeclarationbeforeanofficiantandawitnessAnyonewholooksJudges,executiveofficers,clerks,prettymuchanyonethatcanadministeranoathOnlyneedButusuallyyouhave2,maidsofhonorandbestmenNeedtounderstandthatyouareenteredintoaseriousrelationshipButtheceremonycanbeinanyway,formalorinformaloranythingelse,aslongasyouhavewitnessandofficiantContractualNeedaConvenientforpeoplewhocannotbeinthesameEachpartygoesbeforeajudgeseparatelyandsignawrittencontractbeforeawitness NotrecognizedinIfacoupleenterintoavalidcommonlawmarriageelsewhereandmovedtoNY,willhonortheirConsequencesofgettingObligationtosexual Obligationtoeconomicallysupportyour ReciprocalTheamountisdefinedbythephrase“fairandreasonable”supportBasedontheresourcesofeachEveniftheresourcesareextremelylow,youalwayshaveadutytopreventyourspousefrombecomingapublicchargeNeedstestandmeansNeedstestsetstheflooralwaysneedtosupportyourspousefrombecomingapublicchargeMeanstestfurthersupportisbasedonyoureconomicresourcesIfwantsomejudicialaction,gotoFamilyCourt,thenaskfortheobligationtoliquidatetheobligationintoacourtorderMarriedpeopleretaintheirseparateidentityformanySuchasowntheirownCanhaveseparateCanuseseparateEnterintocontractsandindependentresponsiblefortheirowncontractualobligationsIfyouincuradebtofwhatisconsidered“necessary”thenthosedebtsthespousecanbeheldasresponsibleaswell(suchasfoodorIfonespouseisactingasanagentofanotherspouse,theprincipalspouseisliableforthedebtincurredbytheagentCancommittortsandindependentlyliablefortheirtortsiftheVisthe3rdperson,andtheycansueeachotherifthetortiscommittedagainsteachotherIfthespousecommitsacrimeagainsttheotherspouse,thenitisactionableTerminationof5waystogetoutofthemarriageinNY(allbroughtinStateSupremeLegalDeclarationofAppropriatecauseofactionwhenoneofthepartyinthemarriagelackcapacitypriortomarriageinawaythatmakesthemarriagetotallyvoidThecapacityissueisnon-2Bigamy(havetobeClosebloodAncestors,decedents,siblings(whetherofwholeorhalfblood),linealrelativesupanddownonegenerationFirstcousinscanPersonwhoarerelatedonlybymarriagecanbemarried(step-siblings)Alsoacrime(6monthinMarriageisvoid,whichmeansyouarenotmarriedButpeoplestillgetadeclarationofnullityeventhoughyoudon’ttechnicallyneededbecause:ClarityoftheMayneedjudicialassistancewithregardstocollateralmattersSuchaspropertydivision,ProperclaimwhenthereisacapacityproblembutitonlymakesthemarriagevoidableYouaremarrieduntilyougettheannulment,ifyoudidn’tgetone,youarestillconsideredmarried(cfdeclarationofnullity)Groundsforannulmentcanbewaived,andwaiverisfoundbycontinuingtocohabitwithyourspouseafteryoulearnoftheproblem6Non-age→tooHastobe18togetAnnulmentisnotautomatic,butisinthediscretionofthecourtIfyouare16or17,youcangetmarriedwiththeconsentofbothofyourparents14or15,cangetmarriedwithparentalconsentand+judicialconsentUsuallyjudicialconsentisgrantedwhenthegirlispregnantandwanttomarrythefatherofthebabyUnder14isnotallowedto waivedifyougetmarriedwhenyou’re17,butcohabitafterage18waiver=continuetocohabitaftertheimpedimentMentalbothdevelopmentaldisabilitiesandmentalClaimisusuallybroughtbyaWaivable,butonlyiftheincompetentpartybecomeslucid coercion(e.gshotgunmarriage)Fraud（mostlikelytobeAnymisrepresentationoranyconcealmentthatgoestothe“vitaloressentialaspectofthemarriage”intheperiodpriortothemarriageCalculatedtodeceiveormisleadareasonablepersonRepresentation:materialtest.Seeifit’sbigdeal3settledmisrepresentation:ActionablefraudandwouldhaveLieaboutyourintentiontoLieaboutyourLieaboutthereligiousupbringingyouhaveinmindofanyfuturechildrenthatyoumighthaveMisrepresentationconcernprocreationorActionableasgroundsforLieaboutyourabilitytohaveLieaboutthesizeofthefamilyyouintenttohaveButneedtodistinguishbetweenlieandchangeofLieaboutLieaboutyoursexualButnoteverylieisSuchasbeingaprostitutesisactionableMisrepresentationaboutsexualItisMoney,property,socialNotusuallyconsideranessentialaspecttothemarriage,andnotactionable,notgroundsforannulmentWaivedifyoucontinuetocohabit,butevenifnotwaived,timebarredafter3yearslearningofthefraudPhysicalIncurablePhysicalconditionpreventingyoufromengaginginsafesexualintercourseNothingtodowithprocreation,butaboutsexualintercoursePresupposesthatthecouplehasnotbeingsexualpriortothemarriage(b/ctheywoulddiscoverit)MustbeSafe→meansthatifyoucannotsafelyengageinsexualintercoursewithoutinfectingyourspouse,thatcanbegroundasNotadefenseifyouhaveothersubstituteOnlygroundinmatrimoniallitigationthattherenojury5yearsofincurableinsanityafterthedateofNeed3courtappointedpsychiatristtoagreeonthatdiagnosisTestimonyofeitherofthepartyalongneedstobeJurytrialgenerallyavailableexceptforphysicalSOLis6yearsunlessotherwiseLegalDoesnotterminatetheAdjudicatestherightofthepartiesrelatingtoeconomicsandchildren,andentitlesthemtoliveapartbutdoesnotseverthebondofmarriageWhichmeansyoucannotmarryotherfolksandifyouhavesexwithotherfolksitisadulteryWhychooselegalPragmatic–youmightwanttoretainthestatusofmarriageformanypragmaticreasons(example,taxreasons,inheritanceandetc.)ReligiousandphilosophicalobstaclestoTrailbythecourt,no5CruelandinhumanEndangersthewellbeingsoftheinnocentUnsafeorimproperforthepartytocontinueMentalcrueltycountsCourtcanlookatthisasfactor,butnotVoluntarydeparturebyonespousefromWithouttheconsentoftheItiswithoutWithnointenttoInferredfromlengthorthesurroundingNosetCanalsobeconstructive(neednottoleavetheSuchaslockingthespouseout,suchaschangingthelockwhenyourspouseisoutofCanalsobepsychologicallyabandoningthemarriagebyrefusingtohavesexorinteractwithyourspouseNoActofsexordeviantsexvoluntarilyperformedwithanotherpersonwhoisnotyourspouseduringyourmarriageCannottakerefugeyourothersexualactivitydoesnotincludeintercourseMustbeanotherSpecialRecrimination–dirtyOffsettingadulterybythecomplainingCondonation–Afterlearningoftheadultery,youcontinuetofreelycohabitatewithyourConnivance–entrapment(e.g.adulterywasactuallyarrangedbyP,whosetupD)5yearsSOLfromthedateofSpouseCANNOTtestifytotheadultery(evenifyouwalkedinandsawit)–needtoproveby:3rdpartytestimony(theotherparticipantintheCircumstantialevidence–(i)opportunitytocheat(e.g.,theywerealonetogether)&(ii)dispositiontocheat(e.g.,theywereattractedtoeachother–provedbylovenotes,flowers,Thetestimonyofoneofthetwospousesisnot3yearconsecutiveimprisonment不能把幾段加起來FailuretoNYadoptedno-faultdivorceAlwaysneedgroundforadivorce,6possibleCruelandinhumaneTheabandonmentmusthavelastedforonefullyearbeforeyoucanlitigateFailuretosupportisnotagroundfor3yearconsecutiveRequiresthatthepartiesmustfirstformallyseparateandthatseparationcanbeeitheracourtorderedseparationlitigatedononeofthegroundsabove,orseparationpredicatedonamutualagreement(separationagreement)Andmustliveseparateandapartfor1fullReturntocourtandconverttheseparationintoadivorceThus,inordertogetcourtorderedseparationinNY,youneedfaultgroundsSeparationFormofHavetobefreelyWanttheminHavetobefiledwiththecourtpriortoseekingaconversiondivorceNotetheclockofthe1yearperiodcanrunbeforeyoufileAninformalexchangeoflettersarenotavalidseparationagreementandnotapredicateforconversiondivorceRescindtheseparationIfyoucohabitwithintenttoBriefreconciliationeffortthatdoesnotworkoutrescindtheagreementandtheclockof1yearisresetBUTifit’scourt-orderedseparation,youdon’trescindbysexualactivities.CasualorisolatedactofsexwithoutanintenttoreconciledoesnotresettheclockIfonepartymateriallybreachtheagreement,thenthatalsorescindtheagreementSuchasthewealthypartyobligatedtopaymoneytothelesswealthypartyandifthatobligationisnotdone,thenagreementisrescindNofaultDefinition:theirretrievablebreakdownofamerriage“forapiriodofatleast6months”,providedthateitherpartyhassostated(marriageisbroken)underoath.Marriageisbrokenandtheotherpartycan’tcomein.no-faultdivorceDissolution(narrow,whenyourspousehasHavetoofferevidencethatyourspousehasbeing“withoutanytidings”foraperiodof5EffectivelythisisapresumptionofThepartyseekingithastoshowthattheymadeadiligentsearchHavetopublisharequestthatyourspousereturnsfor3weeksinaEnglishlanguagenewspaperHavetobeaNYresidentforatleast1year,ortheNYmusthavebeingthematrimonialdomicileatthetimeofdisappearanceYoudonotgetcollateralorders,willnotgetsupport,childcustody,etc.sincethereisnothingtodetermine,andeverythingwillbenowdonebytheoperationoflawasifthepartyisdeadProceduralAssoonasmatrimonialcasefiled,automaticcourtorderskickedin.(例如你不能賣或藏財產(chǎn),換保險什么) proceedings(layyourfinancialcardsonthetable)BroughtinStateSupremeOnespousemustbeaNYMeasuredbyIfbothpartyresidesinNY,andthegroundoccursinNY,therearenominimumresidencyperiodIfonlyonepartyistheresidenceofNY,thereisa1yearresidencyrequirementifwecanidentifythefollowing3GotmarriedinEverlivedinNYasThegroundoccursinIfonlyonepartyistheresidentofNY,andnootherplusfactors,thendemand2yearsresidencyThecourtonlygetjurisdictionovertheIfyouwantcollateralrelief,thenyouneedpersonaljurisdictionovertheotherspouseNYNYlong-armMustbeverified(sweartoOnlyexceptionisinseparationordivorcecomplaintallegingadulteryEthicalMustgiveclients3StatementofclientrightsandMustenterintoawrittenretaineragreementwithyourclientMustprovideaclosingstatementattheendoftheMaynottakeassecurityasafeeamortgageonyourclient’shouseDisciplinaryrulesAlawyershouldnotinadomesticrelationshipmatter,beginasexualrelationshipwithaclientduringthelawyer’srepresentationofthatclient)Economic marriage,called“maintenance”inNY,在essay里說maintenance)Whileamatrimonialactionispending,courtshavethepowertoordertemporarymaintenanceCalculationoftemporarymaintenance:income-based,youtakesomepercentageofincomefromspouses...Postjudgmentmaintenanceattheendofproceedings(totallyjudgediscretion,equitablejudgment,19factors.)Canconsideranyfactorsthecourtdeemrelevantandappropriate,includingfaults:Ageandhealthoftheparties,jobskills,capacity,andthetimeneededtodevelopthejobskills,whetheronespouseisthecustodianoftheyoungchildren,thedurationofthemarriageandthestandardofliving,educationalachievement…Readthefacts,saysomethinglogical,youcangetfullcredit.attorney’sfeesatmatrimonialactionshouldbegiventowhicheverspousewhoispoorspouse.“thelessmoneyedTheseparationagreementcansetthemaintenancerequirement,andcanbeadoptedtodivorce,butthecourtengageinclosescrutinyoftheseparationagreementifthereisanyevidenceofoverreachingbyeitherpartyModificationisRequiresubstantialchangeinIfmaintenanceispaidinaccordingtoaseparationagreement,thecourtusuallyrequiresashowingofextremehardshipOperateprospectivelyonly(youcan’tgetmodificationsforback-duepayments,thesebecomeIfyoufallbehind,eachonebecomesaCanseizeyourpropertyandsellitandusetheproceedsCanattachyourwagesanddeductamountofTakeawayprofessionallicensesandCanputyouinprison,sinceyouare

Defaultrule→deathofeitherthepayorortheButcanbargainawaythedefaultSuchasallowingpaymentafterdeathorforalimitedperiodoftimeTerminateiftherecipientremarriesorliveopenlywithanotherpersonasspousesPropertyEquitabledistributionMeans2stepCategorizetheassetsthecoupleowesinto3broadgroupsHusband’sseparateproperty→husbandautomaticallygettokeepthat automaticallygettokeepthatMaritalpropertysubjecttoSeparateAnythingownedbythepartypriortothedateofthemarriageisseparateassetsAnybequestorgiftsreceivedbyonespouseinhisorhersolenameduringthemarriageAnypainandsufferinginPersonalinjuryPropertythattheymutuallyagreetotreatasPassiveappreciationinthevalueofiteminthefirst4IncreaseinvalueduetothepassageoftimemovementinEverythingotherthanthese5,it’smaritalassetifit’sacquiredduringmarriage.Nomatterwhobuysitorwithwhosemoneyitisbought.InNEWYORK,aprofessionaldegreeaftermarriageisamaritalMartialJointgiftsaremartialAppreciationduetoworkandeffortduringAscomparetopassive么appreciation是共同財產(chǎn)。Sayarestaurantthatwasworth$50,000atthetimeofmarriageownedbyH,andduringmarriage,throughhisworkduringmarriage,thevalueoftherestaurantincreaseto$150,000Thenthefirst$50,000isseparatepropertyofTherestof$100,000ismaritalEverythingacquiredbyeitherspouseduringthependencyofthemarriageandpriortothefilingofthematrimonialIncludesallsalaries,allbonuses,alllotterywinnings,intangibles(stockoptions),pensionrights,andprofessionallicensesanddegreesthatwereearnedduringthemarriageDividethemupthroughtheequitablejudgewillconsiderfactorstodivideupThereisacatch-all:anythingjudgethinksisproperandequitable.FactorsoverlapmaintenanceSomeofthe CustodialLossofhealthinsuranceatthetimeofYOUARENOTGONNAREMEMBER19FACTORS.READTHEESSAY,ifseesomething,makeuptheCourtsarenotsupposetoconsidermaritalfaultsindeterminingpropertydistributionsHowever,therearesomecourtsthatsaywillconsiderifthefaultisreallyoutrageous(fromintermediateAppellateauthority)OtherwisethefactorstoconsiderissimilartoTheassetscanbetransferredinkind(minivansuv)ormakelumpsumpayment（寫張Therearenosetnumbers,Inmarriagesoflongduration,tendtotowardsa50/50distributionHavingCoupleswhohavedifficultyinconceivingthechildhas3ArtificialLawfulinChildwillbeconsideredamaritalchildifthewomenismarriedandtheHhasconsented,andtheHistreatedasthefather,andnotthespermSurrogateNYdoesnotallowsurrogateparentingcontracts→voidagainstpublicpolicy→babyWhocanAmarriedcoupleactingtogethercanAsinglepersoncanalsoIfyouareaminorbutyouaremarried,youcanadoptyourspouse’schildrenWhocanbePrettymucheveryone,providedthatthegoaloftheadoptionistoestablishaparent-childrelationship2gaymencannotadopteachothertoavoidprohibitingsame-sexcoupletomarry(nottoestablishabonafideparent-childrelationship)Obtaintheconsentofallnecessaryparty,ordemonstratedtheconsentislegallyIftheadopteeisachild,eitherneedtheconsentofbothbiologicalparentorshowthattheconsentislegallyunnecessaryIfsomeoneelsehaslegalcustodyofthatchild,thatpersonalsohavetoconsenttotheadoptionIftheadopteeisover14,theadopteemustalsoconsentThebiologicalparents’righttoconsentcanbelost(notneeded):Iftheysurrenderthechild(puttingthebabyupforadoption)IftheparentsarementallyincapacitatedandlacktheabilitytotakecareofthechildIftheparentshaveabandontheFirst,thattheparent’sposesaimminentdangertothechild(notmerelyapossibleSecond,thebehaviorfallsbelowtheminimaldegreeofcareforareasonableparentunderthecircumstancesReligiousInterviews,questionnaires,homePlaceminorchildfor3monthtrialHearingtofinalizeanadoption(generallyamereTerminationofParentalIfwefeelthatisTakeplaceinFamilyYouareentitledtocourtappointedYoucan’tmakeconnectionwithchildiftheparentalrightisGrounds(effectivelyparalleltodispensingwithconsentinadoptionproceedings):Abandonment(failuretovisitorcommunicatewithyourchildforaminimum6mouthsperiod,iteviencesanintenttoforgoyourparentalrights)Neglect(childisalreadyremovedfromhome,andunderprotectionfromsocialagency,andthebiologicalparentfailedtomaintainsubstantialcontact,orplanthefutureforthechild,forminimum1year,nonethelessthegovernmentalagency’sMentalincapacityofMurderasiblingoftheChildBothbiologicalparentshastosupporttheirkids,andobligationgoestoageNYwillextendthatobligationpassage21throughthecompletionofacollegedegreeiftherearespecialcircumstancesWhichmeansthatthechildissmartenoughfinishcollegeandtheparentsarerichActualamountofthesupportorderismechanicalthatfollowsa“SupportGuidelines”Usuallya%ofPropertydistributionnotadeductionfromyourincomeastocalculationofchildsupportTheamountofchildsupportisnotsetinconcreteandyoumayreturntocourttomodifybasedonchangingofChangingofcircumstances:couldbeAutomaticrighttoaskforamodificationif3yearsEitherparents’incomeismovedupordown50%,subjecttomodificationThepartyobligatedtopaychildsupportisthenon-custodialNon-payment,thesametoolasmaintenance:wecangoafteryourpaycheck,assets,suspendyourlicenses,holdyouincontempt.Jurisdiction:astatehassubjectmatterjurisdictiontoenterintoacustodyorderifitisnowthehomestateofthekid,orwasthehomestatewithin6monthspriortothefilingofthecustodycase.Homestate:akidhasbeenfor6monthspriortothefilingtotheNormallyadjudicatedattheterminationofthemarriage,orinconnectionwithanfiliationcasewithanon-maritalchild“Bestinterestofthechild”Some“bestinterests”factortoWishesoftheChild’swishesifthechildisoldenough,usuallyabout12HealthandageofallpartiesDomesticEmotionalAnynewrelationshipstheparentshaveentered AndanythingelsethatThecourtispermittedtotaketheunsworntestimonyofthechildincameraThejudgemustmakearecordofthatconversationDOWHATYOUWOULDDOTOTHECHILDIFHE’SAREALKID.PuttheminOncecustodialawardisset,theothernon-custodialparentgetsvisitation,anddon’tdenyitunlessinthemostextremecircumstances(somedangertothechild)Custodycontestbetweenbiologicalparentandnon-StrongpresumptionthatthebestinterestanalysisistoleavethecustodytothebiologicalparentSoonlydenycustodytothebiologicalparentiftheparentisunfitorthereareextraordinarySothequestionisnotwhetherwhichcustodyisbetter,butthatwhetherthebiolo