2023屆高考英語閱讀理解之長難句分析-一劃二括三會(huì)意-讀懂高考長難句課件

“一劃二括三會(huì)意，讀懂高考長難句”閱讀理解之長難句分析Learningcontents：Theformationofalongsentence.Threestepstoanalyzealongsentence.Exercisesonlongsentences.

Jack,thesonofMr.Smith,whoowns5bigbusinesscompaniesinUSA,accidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirtinaclothesshop,wherethegirlworks,andhesoonfellinlovewithher,wishingtotakecareofherduringtherestofhislife.

Step1Lead-in長難句初體驗(yàn)Thetrunk:Jackmetagirl

andhefellinlovewithher英語句子=主干+修飾Step2

Matchinggame!Ｓ+L+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋謂）Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋謂＋賓）Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ(主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ))Ｓ+Ｖ+O1+Ｏ2（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）Thesunrises.Thedinnerisgood.Jackmetagirl.Hebroughtyouadictionary.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.Activity1Activity2Part1:TheformationofalongandcomplexsentenceTrytoaddmoredetailstoturnitintoonecomplexsentence:Jackmetagirl.Jackmeta...Part1:Theformationofalongsentence1.Jackmetagirl.2.Jackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirl.

3.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYork.4.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweek.

+adj./adv.+prep.加形容詞、副詞，介詞短語，名詞初階難度+n.Part1:Theformationofalongsentence5.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirt.6.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirt

inaclothesshop,

wherethegirlworks.7.Jack,thesonofMr.Smith,accidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirtinaclothesshop,wherethegirlworks.加從句，介詞短語，同位語中階難度Part1:Theformationofalongsentence8.Jack,thesonofMr.Smith,whoowns5bigbusinesscompaniesinUSA,accidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirtinaclothesshop,wherethegirlworks,andhesoonfellinlovewithher,

wishingtotakecareofherduringtherestofhislife.從4個(gè)單詞的簡單句到60個(gè)單詞的長長長難難難句！夾雜了同位語，定語從句，狀語從句，并列句，非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，還有形容詞、副詞充當(dāng)修飾語，名詞短語和豐富的介詞短語充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語、時(shí)間狀語、方式狀語！加并列句，非謂語高階難度史密斯先生在美國擁有5家大公司，他的兒子杰克上星期在紐約的一家服裝店買襯衫時(shí)，無意中遇到了一位漂亮的女孩，他很快就愛上了她，希望能照顧她一輩子TheEnglishsentenceTrunk

主干成分Leaves&Branches修飾成分adj.介詞短語adv.n.從句定從同位語非謂語并列結(jié)構(gòu)狀從句子修飾成分:

英語中主要的有五種修飾成分,稱為“三長兩短"。它們是使句子變復(fù)雜的主要因素,再加上同樣會(huì)使句子變復(fù)雜的“平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)”,統(tǒng)稱為“三長兩短一并列"（1）“三長”:介詞短語、從句、非謂語

(2)“兩短”:形容詞/副詞，名詞/同位語

(3)一并列-----平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)

由“并列詞”and/or/but/aswellas/notonly...

butalo../both...and../Part2介詞短語：一般從介詞開始到介詞之后的第一個(gè)名詞結(jié)束

AftertalkingwithLiHuonthismatterforalongtimefrom2:00t04:00intheafternoon,IreturnedtomyofficeforameetingwithmybossabouttheproblemswithournewcompanyinAmerica.非謂語和從句：雖然二者有不同的開始標(biāo)志，但結(jié)束是一致的?！痉侵^語動(dòng)詞和從句的起止標(biāo)識(shí)】四種終止：①到句尾終止，如：LiHuiisateacher(whoteachesEnglish).LiHuiisateacher(teachingEnglish)②到句中的逗號(hào)終止，如：(WhenIwasyoung),Ilistenedtotheradio.(ToimprovemyEnglish),IoftenlistentotheEnglishradio.③到下一個(gè)修飾成分終止，如：IwillinviteYaoMing(whowasatopbasketballplayer)toBeijing.(toBeijing是介詞短語，屬于另一個(gè)修飾成分，故從句的標(biāo)記在此處終止)Jackwalkedintothehall,(waving)totheaudience.(totheaudience是介詞短語，屬于另一修飾成分。)④到下一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞終止.如：YaoMing(whowasatopbasketballplayer)isstudyinginShanghai.Thebag(gavedbymygrandpa)isyellow.

會(huì)了原理，如何翻譯，可以用提問法：主干部分直接翻譯，遇見三長畫括號(hào)，提著問題往下順，調(diào)字調(diào)序?qū)懼形摹?/p>

Borninthemid-17thcenturyinasmallvillagenamedChenjiagoulocatedinCentralChina’sHenanProvince,TaiChiisnotonlyakindof

traditionalWushuintegratedwithslowmovementsanddeepbreathing,butisalsodeeplyrootedinmanyareasofChineseculture,suchasmedicineandphilosophy.太極拳誕生于17世紀(jì)中期的河南省陳家溝小村莊里，它不僅是一種結(jié)合了慢動(dòng)作和深呼吸的傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)，而且深深植根于醫(yī)學(xué)和哲學(xué)等中國文化的許多領(lǐng)域Threestepstoanalyzealongsentence一劃(二括)三會(huì)意一劃:劃主干,給S.V.O....劃____。二括:給修飾成分（三長）加()。三會(huì)意：抓主題，去修飾，并列詞圈。Activity3兩短中一般只給同位語加（），形容詞、副詞較短且易于辨識(shí)，可不做標(biāo)記！1.GengyuanisateacherteachingEnglishinBeiingwhichisthecapitalofChina一劃:劃主干(trunk),給主謂賓.(S.V.O.)劃___。耿元是一位在中國首都北京教英語的老師1.Twoauthorsofthereviewmadeastudypublishedin2014whichshowedafiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(2018全國一卷語法填空)二括:給修飾語(modifiers)介短,非謂和從句加()。該綜述的兩位作者在2014年發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究表明，每天跑步5到10分鐘可以降低心臟病和各種原因?qū)е碌倪^早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。2.Formanyolderpeoplewholivedinthecountry,drivingwasveryimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.(2017全國二卷D篇)二括:給修飾語(modifiers)介短,非謂和從句加()。對(duì)于許多生活在鄉(xiāng)村的老年人來說，開車對(duì)保持他們的獨(dú)立性非常重要，讓他們可以自由出行，而不必依賴他人。Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations,includingUNESCOandNationalGeographic,haveformanyyearsbeenrecording

dyinglanguagesandtheculturewhichtheyreflect.(2014年全國一卷閱讀D篇)Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto______promotegloballanguages.rescuethedisappearinglanguages.searchforlanguagescommunities.setuplanguagesresearchorganizations.三會(huì)意：抓主題，去修飾，邏輯關(guān)系要注意。

為了防止語言流失，包括聯(lián)合國教科文組織和國家地理在內(nèi)的許多組織的學(xué)者多年來一直在記錄瀕臨滅絕的語言和它們所反映的文化

Step3Practice(一劃，二括，三會(huì)意)1.Backin1983,astwoscientistsreported,youngmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.(2017年全國二卷)Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?Itmakesnoise.Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C.Itstandsquietly.D.Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.早在1983年，兩位科學(xué)家就報(bào)道過，被昆蟲咬傷的小楓樹會(huì)散發(fā)出一種特殊的氣味，周圍的植物也能聞到Practice(一劃，二括，三會(huì)意)2.Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you’dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon’tcookitimmediately

(2016年全國三卷7選5閱讀)Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.Donotbuyit.Theeasiestistosteamit.Thisishowyoucandoit.Itrequiresalittleknowledge.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.______高考長難句分析口訣長難句，看仔細(xì)。一劃二括三會(huì)意。主謂賓，先注意。（一劃）(介短非謂和從句)。（二括）抓主題，去修飾。（三會(huì)意）邏輯關(guān)系要注意。Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatial（空間的）skillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.（2020年全國II卷B篇）Thetrunk:Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsandfound（that）childrenhavebetterspatialskills.Tryagain!(一劃，二括，三會(huì)意)名詞性從句中的主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句，是做主語、賓語和表語的作用，應(yīng)視為句子的主干成分。研究人員分析了53對(duì)兒童-父母在家中日?；顒?dòng)的視頻記錄，發(fā)現(xiàn)在26-46個(gè)月大的時(shí)候玩拼圖的孩子在54個(gè)月大的時(shí)候有更好的空間技能(空間的Summarizewhatpartsalongsentencecontains.prepositionalphrases（介短）non-predicateverbs（非謂語）clause