考研英語(yǔ)2018-翻譯-中英文句法對(duì)比

英漢句法現(xiàn)象的對(duì)比老師姓名：劉婷婷一、句子結(jié)構(gòu)

1.Thisattitudehasbeendescribedasanythingfroma“mercifullossofmemory”to“escapisttherapy”.人們對(duì)這種態(tài)度有各種的議論，有的說(shuō)是“好心的遺忘”，有的說(shuō)是“逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)的療法。”(英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句－漢語(yǔ)聯(lián)合復(fù)句的分合句)2）Hissuperiorgradesathighschoolenabledhimtoenrollatthetuition-freeCollegeoftheCityofNewYork.由于在中學(xué)成績(jī)優(yōu)異，他進(jìn)入了免費(fèi)的紐約市立大學(xué)。（英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句－漢語(yǔ)偏正復(fù)句的因果句）3)Thedevelopmentofaneconomicalartificialheartisonlyafewtransientfailureaway.只消再經(jīng)過(guò)幾次失敗，就能造出價(jià)格低廉的人工心臟了。（tip：英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句－漢語(yǔ)偏正復(fù)句的因果句）4.Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishourworkbytomorrowevening.問(wèn)題在于我們能不能在明晚以前完成這項(xiàng)工作。（英語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句－漢語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句）5.Whilewewereoperatingthemachinetools,wewereverycareful.我們?cè)诓倏v機(jī)床時(shí)非常小心。（英語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句－漢語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句）6.Therearesomemetalswhichpossessthepowertoconductelectricityandabilitytobemagnetized.某些金屬具有導(dǎo)電的能力合被磁化的能力。（英語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句－漢語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句）7.Theboysatdownonastonetotakeapebbleoutofhisshoewhenhesawastrangerapproachinghim.小孩坐在石頭上正打算從鞋子里取出碎石子，這這時(shí)他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)陌生人朝著他走來(lái)。（英語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句－漢語(yǔ)聯(lián)合復(fù)句）8.Ourmenhadgonequiteadistanceoffbeforetheenemy’sreinforcementtroopscameup.我們的隊(duì)伍已經(jīng)走得很遠(yuǎn)了，敵人的增援部隊(duì)才趕上來(lái)。英語(yǔ)主從復(fù)合句－漢語(yǔ)聯(lián)合復(fù)句）9.Thisplaceisreallybeautiful,andmanypeoplebringtheirwivesandfamiliesoutheretolive.這地方實(shí)在漂亮，所以許多人都把他們的家小搬來(lái)居住。（英語(yǔ)并列句－漢語(yǔ)偏正復(fù)合句）10.Graspall,loseall.如果你樣樣都抓，就會(huì)一樣也抓不到手。英語(yǔ)并列句－漢語(yǔ)偏正復(fù)合句）11.HereendsthediaryofDr.Smith.史密斯醫(yī)生的日記寫到這里就結(jié)束了。（英語(yǔ)倒裝句－漢語(yǔ)正裝句）12.LittledidIthenknowthemeaningofwarandwhatitwasinreality.當(dāng)時(shí)我確實(shí)不太懂得戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的意義以及戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)實(shí)際上是怎么回事。13.Hereatlastseemedcrediblehistoryofthedifficultadvanceofman.人類艱苦前進(jìn)的歷史終于在這里看來(lái)是能夠令人置信的了。（英語(yǔ)倒裝句－漢語(yǔ)正裝句）14.KissingerwassodevastatedbyRockefeller’sdefeatthat,accordingtooneaccount,hewept.基辛格為洛克菲勒的失敗傷心透了，有人說(shuō)他哭了。（passivevoice–activevoice）15.Butsomeonewhohasbeenoutthereinthefloodlightsasoftenashehascannotremainwhollyundecipherable.但是，象他這樣一個(gè)經(jīng)常拋頭露面的人是不可能一點(diǎn)不被人識(shí)破的。（passivevoice–activevoice）句序1.Nothinghashappenedsinceweparted.我們分別之后，一直沒(méi)有發(fā)生什么事情。（漢語(yǔ)通常先發(fā)生的事先敘述，后發(fā)生的事后敘述）2.HehadflowninjustthedaybeforefromGeorgiawherehehadspenthisvacationbaskinginheCaucasiansunafterthecompletionoftheconstructionjobhehadbeenengagedinintheSouth.他本來(lái)在南方從事一項(xiàng)建筑工程；任務(wù)完成之后，他就上佐治亞去度假，享受高加索的陽(yáng)光，昨天才坐飛機(jī)回來(lái)。3.Hehadtostayathomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.4.Hewouldbearashmanifheshouldvernturetoforecasttheresultsofthisevent.如果有人敢于預(yù)言此事的結(jié)果，那他一定是個(gè)魯莽之徒。5.Weworkedfastandwell,sothatweoverfulfilledourproductionplan.我們工作得又快又好，超額完成了生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃。OtherStrategies1.Ijusthateeverybody.No,notyou,Jack,buteverybodyelse.

我就是恨所有得人。不，不是你，杰克，我恨其他所有的人。(amplification)2.Themarcherseveryshortwhileshoutedslogansaboutthestrike,butshedidn’tjoinin.游行的人群每隔一會(huì)兒就喊罷工口號(hào)，但是她沒(méi)有跟著喊。3.Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.讀史使人明智，讀詩(shī)使人靈秀，數(shù)學(xué)使人周密，科學(xué)使人深刻倫理使人莊重，邏輯修辭之學(xué)使人善辯。（amplification）4.Readingmakethafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.讀書(shū)使人充實(shí)，討論使人機(jī)智，筆記使人準(zhǔn)確。（amplication）5.Theoryissomethingbutpracticeiseverything.理論固然重要，實(shí)踐尤其重要。6.虛心使人進(jìn)步，驕傲使人落后。Modestyhelpsonetogoforward,whereasconceitmakesonelagbehind.7.小不忍則亂打謀。Ifoneisnotpatientinsmallthing,onewillneverbeabletocontrolgreatventures.8.三個(gè)丑皮匠，頂個(gè)諸葛亮。ThreecobblerswiththeirwitscombinedequalZhugeLiangthemastermind.9.班門弄斧。Showingoffone’sproficiencywiththeaxebeforeLuBanthemastercarpenter.AnotherStrategy1.Nowwehavesolvedtheproblemandhavearrivedatthesameconclusionastheyarrivedat.現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)解決了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，并且得出了和他們相同的結(jié)論。（omission）2.Herealizedthe“subtlety”ofChina’smessages,thegapbetweenherhotrhetoricandhercoolaction.他領(lǐng)會(huì)了中國(guó)信息的“微妙之處”：言辭激烈，但行動(dòng)沉著。（omission）3.Thesedevelopingcountriescovervastterritories,encompassalargepopulationandaboundinnaturalresources.這些發(fā)展中國(guó)家地大物博，人口眾多。4.Whenitisdarkintheeast,itislightinthewest;whenthingsaredarkinthesouththereisstilllightinthenorth.東方不亮西方亮，黑了南方有北方。5.Ifyougivehimaninch,hewilltakeamile.得寸進(jìn)尺。Conversion1.MarywasEnglishandFrenchteacherfortwoyearsattheJewishschool.瑪麗在那所猶太學(xué)校里教過(guò)兩年英文和法文。(changingthepartofspeech)2.Parent’sloveofchildrenisperfectandminute.父母愛(ài)子女無(wú)微不至。3.Traditionally,therehadalwaysbeengoodrelationsbetweenthem.它們之間一直有著傳統(tǒng)的友好關(guān)系。4.Weareenemiesofallwars,butaboveallofdynasticwars.我們反對(duì)一切戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，特別是反對(duì)王朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。5.語(yǔ)言這個(gè)東西不是隨便可以學(xué)好的，非下苦功不可。Themasteryoflanguageisnoteasyandrequirespainstakingeffort.6.少說(shuō)空話，多做工作。Theremustbelessemptytalkandmorehardwork.Negation1.Itserveslitlepurposetohavecontinuedpublicdiscussionofthisissue.繼續(xù)公開(kāi)討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題是不會(huì)又什么益處的。(negation)2.Johngotthemessage.Heknewitwasn’tgoingtobeeasy;butunlikemanyofhispeers,hewasnotinaweofGeorge.Actually,hecouldn’twaittomeethim.約翰聽(tīng)到了這個(gè)消息。他知道這場(chǎng)比賽是會(huì)艱苦的，但他不像他的許多伙伴那樣，他對(duì)喬治不存畏懼之心。說(shuō)實(shí)在的，他倒急于向他迎戰(zhàn)。(negation)3.干這事我力不勝任。Todothisisbeyongmyability.4.那家伙很不老實(shí)。Thatfellowisfarfrombeinghonest.5.Allthatflatteryoutoomucharenotfaithfulfriends.捧你的人并非都是你忠實(shí)朋友。6.