2023-2024學(xué)年外研版（2019）必修 第二冊Unit 6 Earth first Developing Ideas 作業(yè)

Unit6EarthfirstDevelopingIdeas—2023-2024學(xué)年高一英語外研版（2019）必修第二冊課時分層練【夯實基礎(chǔ)】知識點1不定式的用法1.Thegovernmentstartedacampaigntosaveelectricityandurgedpeople_____(do)theirpart.2.Itisveryembarrassingformanyyoungsinglemenandwomenwhentheirparentsurgethem_________(marry)assoonaspossible.知識點2固定搭配3.Othersare_____(concern)abouttheplantingmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers.4.Therevolutionistsoftheoldergenerationmadegreat_________(contribute)toourcountry'sstrugglefortheindependence.5.The_________(major)oftheresidentschosetostayathomeratherthangoouttotravelduringtheSpringFestivalduetothewidespreadofthevirus.【提升能力】6.Sharksdon't_____(把......作為目標(biāo))humans.7.The_____(大多數(shù))ofpeopleinterviewedpreferTVtoradio.8.Floodsand_____(旱災(zāi))affectthewatersupplydownstream.9.Wehearthecaraccident______(discuss).10.______(reduce)dailyfoodwastebyjust5%couldsavemillionsofpeoplefromstarvation.【核心素養(yǎng)】ATheeffectsofnoisecanreachorganisms(生物)withoutears.Becauseofthewaylivingthingsrelyoneachother,noisepollutionmayactuallystopsomeforestsfromgrowing,anewstudysuggests.InanareaofNewMexicowoodlandofpinetrees,researchersfoundfarfewertreeseedlings(幼苗)innoisysitesthantheydidinquietones.Thestudyareaisdottedwithgaswells,someofwhicharequietandsomeofwhichhavecompressors(壓縮機(jī))thatcreateconstantnoise.ThisallowedJenniferPhillips,abehavioralecologistatTexasA&MUniversity-SanAntonio,andhercolleaguestocomparesitesthatweresimilarexceptforthenoiselevel.Inareasthathadbeennoisyforatleast15years,theresearchersfoundonlyabout13pineseedlings,comparedwith55pineseedlingsperhectare(公頃)inquietareas.Thedifferencesinplantgrowthwereprobablycausedbychangesinanimalbehavior,saidPhillips.Forexample,noisemightdriveawaycertainpollinators(傳花粉者)suchasbees,batsandmoths.Inthecaseofpinetrees,theproblemwaslikelyalackofanimalstodisperseseeds.Pinesdependonbirdstocarrytheirseedsawayfromtheparenttree,andbirdsareknowntoavoidnoise.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwositesaren'tyetobvioustosomeonewalkingthroughthem,saidSarahTermondt,abotanist(植物學(xué)家)withtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicewhohelpedconductthestudy.That'sprobablybecausepinesareslow-growing,withmostofthematuretreesinsuchwoodlandsbeingoveracenturyold.Thestudyraisesquestionsaboutthefutureofthearea.Ifthenoisestaysthereinthelongterm,arewegoingtolosethisimportantecosystemofthepinewhichsupportssomuchwildlife?"saidPhillips.ThestudywaspublishedtodayinthejournalProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety.1.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Theinfluenceofnoisepollutiononplants.B.Thewayorganismsreceivenoise.C.Thedamageofnoisepollutiontoinsects.D.Theeffectsofnoisepollutiononhumans.2.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2andParagraph3?A.Gaswellsdottedaroundtheareasupplyfavorableconditionstothestudy.B.Thestudysitesaredifferentinmanywaysincludingtheirnoiselevel.C.Itisdifficultforplantstolivewithoutnoiseandanimals.D.Peoplecaneasilyfindthedifferencebetweenthenoisyandthequietsites.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mature"inParagraph3mean?A.Seedling. B.Thin. C.Full-grown. D.Tall.4.WhatdoesPhillipsmeanbysayingthewordsinthelastparagraph?A.Fortunately,noisepollutionisatroublethatcanbeavoided.B.Noisepollutioncouldbeathreatwiththepowertochangeecosystems.C.Thepineforestisimportantbecauseitaffectssomuchwildlife.D.Wildlifeshouldbewellprotectedforthefutureofthisarea.SeveraldaysofunusuallywarmweatherinnorthernGreenlandhavecausedrapidmelting(融化)."Temperatureshavebeenrunningaround15.5℃.Itiswarmerthannormalforthistimeofyear,"scientistssaid.TheamountoficethatmeltedinGreenlandbetweenJuly15andJuly17alone-6billiontonsofwaterperday—wouldbeenoughtofill7.2millionOlympic-sizedswimmingpools,accordingtothereportfromtheUSNationalSnowandIceDataCenter.Toputitanotherway,itwasenoughtocoverthewholestateofWestVirginiawithafootofwater.Forthescientistsoutontheicesheet(冰蓋),thewarmthhasbeenalarming."Itreallymakesmeanxious,"saidKutalmisSaylam,ascientistwhoisnowworkinginGreenland."Yesterday,wecouldhangaboutinourT-shirts,whichwasnotreallyexpected.SinceGreenlandholdsenoughice,sealevelwouldriseby7.5metersaroundtheworldificeallmelted."In2020,scientistsfoundthatGreenland'sicesheethadmeltedbeyondthepointofnoreturn."Noeffortstopreventglobalwarmingcanstopitfromfinallybreakingintosmallparts,"saidresearchers.AslakGrinsted,aclimatescientist,saidthattheyweretryingtogetflightsintothecampsothattheycouldshipouttheicecores(冰芯)theyhadcollected.Butthewarmthisdestabilizingthelandingsite.Theweatherweareseeingrightnowistoohotfortheski-equippedplanestoland,"Grinstedsaid."Sowestoretheicecoresinlargecaveswehavemadeintothesnowtoprotectitfromtheheatofthesummer."Scientistsmadeuseoftheabnormalwarmthwhiletheywerewaiting,playingvolleyballintheirshortsonanicesheetatthetopoftheworld.Grinstedreferredtothetemperaturesasaheatwave,andnotedthatthepossibilityoftemperaturesgettingthishotwasclearlyconnectedtoglobalwarming.1.HowdoestheauthorsupportthetopicofParagraph1?A.Byexploringreasons. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bydesigningthenumbers. D.Bydoingsomeexperiments.2.WhatdidKutalmismeaninParagraph2?A.HedislikedwearingaT-shirt.B.Hewasconcernedaboutthewarmth.C.Hewasdeeplyimpressedbytheice.D.Hewasthirstyforenjoyingtheseaview.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"destabilizing"meaninParagraph4?A.Quitting. B.Removing. C.Sheltering. D.Destroying.4.Whatwilltheauthorprobablydointhefollowingparagraph?A.RecommendvisitingGreenland.B.Describehowtoshipouttheicecore.C.Callonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.D.Plantoorganizeasportsmeetingonice. 答案以及解析【夯實基礎(chǔ)】答案以及解析1.答案：todo解析：考查動詞不定式。句意:政府發(fā)起了一個節(jié)約用電的活動,并敦促人們履行職責(zé)。urgesb.todosth.為固定搭配,意為“力勸/敦促某人做某事”。故填todo。2.答案：tomarry解析：考查不定式。句意：對于許多年輕的單身男女來說，當(dāng)他們的父母催促他們盡快結(jié)婚時是很尷尬的。urgesb.todosth.意為“力勸某人做某事，敦促某人做某事”，故本空應(yīng)用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。3.答案：concerned解析：句意:其他人擔(dān)心這些需要更少水和更少肥料的種植方法。beconcernedabout擔(dān)心。4.答案：contributions解析：考查名詞。形容詞great后應(yīng)用名詞，且contribution意為“貢獻(xiàn)”時為可數(shù)名詞，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。makecontributionsto意為“為……做出貢獻(xiàn)”。5.答案：majority解析：考查名詞。句意:由于病毒的廣泛傳播,春節(jié)期間大部分居民都選擇待在家里而不是外出旅游。themajorityof...意為“大多數(shù)……”,故本空應(yīng)用名詞majority“多數(shù),大多數(shù)(人或物)”?！咎嵘芰Α?.答案：target解析：句意:鯊魚不把人作為目標(biāo)。7.答案：majority解析：本題考查詞匯短語的語境運用;majority名詞,大多數(shù);themajorityof大多數(shù);故答案是majority。8.答案：droughts解析：句意:洪水和旱災(zāi)對下游的水供應(yīng)有影響。9.答案：beingdiscussed解析：句意:我們聽見那個交通事故正在被人們討論。此句為"hear+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語"的結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)空處填beingdiscussed作賓語補(bǔ)足語,表示正在進(jìn)行的被動動作。10.答案：Reducing解析：所給詞為動詞,作主語需用其動名詞形式,故填Reducing。【核心素養(yǎng)】A答案：1-4AACB1.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thestudyareaisdottedwithgaspressors(壓縮機(jī))thatcreateconstantnoise.”可知,研究區(qū)域布滿了天然氣井,有些天然氣井很安靜,有些天然氣井配有會持續(xù)產(chǎn)生噪音的壓縮機(jī)。再結(jié)合第二段第二句“ThisallowedJenniferPhillips...andhercolleaguestocomparesitesthatweresimilarexceptforthenoiselevel.”可知前邊所說的情況使研究人員能夠控制變量,以便對不同區(qū)域進(jìn)行噪音影響的對比。此句中的This指的是前邊所說的該區(qū)域的環(huán)境條件。由此可知,該地區(qū)的天然氣井星羅棋布,使得噪音情況有所區(qū)別,為研究提供了有利條件。故選A。2.答案：C解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句中的“mostofthematuretreesinsuchwoodlandsbeingoveracenturyold”可知,這里的“maturetrees”大部分是有百年樹齡的樹,也就是“長成的”樹。所以畫線詞的意思是“長成的,成熟的”。故選C。3.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中菲利普斯說的話“Ifthenoisestaysthereinthelongterm,arewegoingtolosethisimportantecosystemofthepinewhichsupportssomuchwildlife?(如果