2022年福建省廈門市第二十中學(xué)高一英語月考試卷含解析

2022年福建省廈門市第二十中學(xué)高一英語月考試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—WhydoyousuggestMountLu?—Ibelieve_____beautyofnaturetherewillmake

excellentimpressionuponyou.

A./,an

B.the,the

C.a,the

D.the,an參考答案：D略2.Themeetingsareveryshort,sothereislittle_____tohavearealdiscussion.A.challenge

B.change

C.chance

D.chapter參考答案：C3.—Whataretheytalkingabout?—Theirtopicis______WushushouldbeenteredintotheOlympics.A.if

B.that

C.whether

D.what參考答案：C略4.Damagecausedbyfloodinginthecounty______byagovernmentofficial,andthetotallosswillbereportednextMonday.A.isinspected

B.isbeinginspectedC.hadinspected

D.hadbeeninspected參考答案：B33.______the90thbirthdayofourparty,wehaveheldallkindsofactivities.

A.Infavorof

B.Incaseof

C.InhonorofD.Intermsof參考答案：C略6.________thesingergoes，peopleseemtorecognizeher.A．Though

B．However

C．Everywhere

D．Unless參考答案：C[everywhere在此作連詞，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。]7.Shelooksmucholderthanherage_____tenyears’hardwork.A.because

B.becauseof

C.since

D.for參考答案：B8.Theyellowhouse______windowsfacesouthistheplace____Ispentmychildhood.A.whose;that

B.whose;where

C.which;where

D.where;which參考答案：B9.

Fatherwas_____busyinworking_____heoftenforgotrestormeals.A.very,that

B.so,that

C.such,as

D.enough,as參考答案：B10.Mr.Carterishonest;heprefers____thetruthto____.A.speaking;lying

B.tospeak;lie

C.tospeaking;lying

D.tospeaking;lie參考答案：A11.Wecollectedalotofbookstogetthenecessaryinformationbutonlyhalf_________helpful,sowefailedtofinishthework.A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were參考答案：D略12.Youarealwaysfullof______.Canyoutellmethesecret?

Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.

A.power

B.strength

C.force

D.energy參考答案：D13.Hurryup!Ifwemiss

lastbus,we’llhavetogohomeby

taxi.A.the;the

B.the;a

C.the;不填

D.a;不填參考答案：C14.Allthepolicemenhavebeentrainedto________themselvesagainstthesuddenattacks.A.fight B.dress C.defend D.balance參考答案：C【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及動詞短語。句意：所有的警察都已經(jīng)被訓(xùn)練保護(hù)自己不受突然攻擊的傷害。A.fight斗爭；B.dress打扮；C.defend保護(hù)；防守；D.balance平衡；動詞短語defendsbagainststh意為“保護(hù)某人免受……的傷害”，符合本句上下文語境。故C項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查了動詞defend用法，defend的基本意思是避開危險和進(jìn)攻以保證安全,指使用某種方法避開實(shí)際的威脅或擊退實(shí)際的攻擊。引申可指堅(jiān)持、捍衛(wèi)某種行動、意見、決定或捍衛(wèi)某種原則的純潔性。defend可用作不及物動詞，也可用作及物動詞，用作及物動詞時，接名詞、代詞或that從句作賓語。偶爾也可接雙賓語,可用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。defend常與against連用表示“防守,捍衛(wèi)”;與from連用表示“保護(hù)…以防,使…免遭危害”。defend用作動詞的用法例句：Someplayersarebetteratdefending.有些運(yùn)動員較擅長打防衛(wèi)。Theunionsaidthattheywouldtakeactiontodefendtheirmember'sjobs.工會說他們將采取行動維護(hù)會員的工作權(quán)益。HewasafraidofbeingattackedbyLiuBeiandSunQuan,sohesentatrooptodefendJingzhou.他害怕劉備和孫權(quán)繼續(xù)向他進(jìn)攻,派人在荊州防守。15.—Howmanyteachersarepartymembersinyourschool?—Partmembers___________________onefifthofthenumberoftheteachersinourschool.A.takeup

B.makeup

C.setup

D.fixup參考答案：A16.--I’msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaul

thisweek.

--SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthemthreemonthsago.

A.brokeup

B.brokedown

C.brokeaway

D.brokein參考答案：A二、完型填空17.Ifyoudropa12-poundcannonball（炮彈）overthesideofaship,howlongwillittakeforittoreachthebottomoftheoceanoftheMarianaTrench?ThequestionabovewasanexampleofwhatscientistscallFermiproblem,named36NobelPrize-winningphysicistEnricoFermi,whousedproblemslikethistoteachhisstudentshowtothinkforthemselves.AFermiproblemdoesnot37alltheinformationyouneedtosolveitprecisely.Whatdoesthishavetodowithbusinessorcreativity?Agreatdeal.Intherealworld,wefrequentlyneedtomakedecisionswhenthe38ofinformationdoesnotexist.Mostoftentheremaynotbethetimeorthemoneytomakesureofallyour39,soyourbestguesswilloftenbethebestyoucando.Fermiissaidtohaveonceaskedhisuniversitystudentshowmanypianotuners（調(diào)音師）therewereinChicago.Toanswerthequestion,herecommended40itdownintosmaller,more41questions,andthenhavingthe42tomakesomeguessesandassumptions.HowmanypeopleliveinChicago?Threemillionwouldbeareasonableestimate.Howmanypeopleperfamily?Assumea/an43offour.Howmanyfamiliesownpianos?44oneoutofthree.Thenthereareabout250,000pianosinChicago.45wouldeachbetuned?Maybeonceeveryfiveyears.That4650,000tuningsayear.Howmanypianoscanonetunertuneinaday?Four?Andhowmanyinayear?Assuming250workingdays,onetunercan471,000pianosayear.Sothere’sworkfor4850pianotunersinChicago--which,asitturnsout,is49closetotheactualnumberintheYellowPages.Whywasguessworksoaccurate?Thelawofaveragesispartly50.Atanypoint,yourassumptionsmaybetoohighortoolow.Butbecauseofthelawofaverages,yourmistakes,willfrequentlybalanceout.36.A.before B.as C.like D.after37.A.contain B.employ C.mean D.occupy38.A.complete B.entire C.whole D.full39.A.minds B.selections C.dreams D.decisions40.A.slowing B.breaking C.getting D.taking41.A.available B.manageable C.believable

D.comfortable42.A.courage B.ability C.inspiration D.desire43.A.amount B.size C.average D.number44.A.Think B.Guess C.Say D.Hope45.A.Howmany B.Howmuch C.Howlong D.Howoften46.A.becomes B.makes C.turns D.gets47.A.handle B.fix C.repair D.install48.A.appropriately B.exactly C.approximately D.almost49.A.narrowly B.reasonably C.normally D.properly50.A.reliable B.sensible C.correct D.responsible參考答案：36-40.DACDB

41-45.BACCD

46-50.BACBD36．D考查固定短語。nameafter以……命名。本處namedafterNobelPrize-winningphysicistEnricoFermi作名詞Fermiproblem的定語。故選D。

37．A考查動詞辨析。contain含有；employ雇傭；mean打算；occupy占據(jù)。這樣的問題不含有全部的信息，與第二段中的“whenthe

ofinformationdoesnotexist.”呼應(yīng)。故選A。

38．C考查上下文呼應(yīng)。本處與第二段中的“AFermiproblemdoesnot

alltheinformationyouneedtosolveitprecisely.”呼應(yīng)，應(yīng)用“完整的（whole）”與all對應(yīng)。故選C。

39．D考查名詞辨析。mind想法；selection選擇；dream夢想；decision決定。本處與上文“wefrequentlyneedtomakedecisions”呼應(yīng)，應(yīng)選D。

40．B考查固定短語。根據(jù)下文，他建議把問題分解成一個個的小的、易管理的部分。breakdown分解。故選B。

41．B考查形容詞辨析。available可獲得的，可利用的；manageable易管理的；believable可信的；comfortable舒適的。他建議把問題分解成一個個的小的、易管理的部分。故選B。

42．A考查名詞辨析。courage勇氣；ability能力；inspiration激勵；desire愿望。然后有勇氣進(jìn)行猜測和假設(shè)。故選A。

43．C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上句的“perfamily”，可知本處應(yīng)為“假設(shè)平均有四個人”，與最后一段中的“Thelawofaverages”相呼應(yīng)。average平均。故選C。

44．C考查上下文呼應(yīng)。根據(jù)上句的“Assumea/an

offour”，可知本處含義為“假設(shè)”，say假設(shè)。故選C。

45．D考查疑問詞辨析。根據(jù)下句的“Maybeonceeveryfiveyears.”，可知應(yīng)用howoften（多久一次）提問頻率。故選D。

46．B考查動詞辨析。那就成了一年需要五萬次的調(diào)試。make形成，成了……的結(jié)果。故選B。

47．A考查語境。一位調(diào)音師一年能處理大約1000架鋼琴。handle處理；本處用它代替前文的“tune（調(diào)試）”。故選A。

48．C考查副詞辨析。appropriately適當(dāng)?shù)?；exactly確切地；approximately大約；almost幾乎，差不多。大約50個鋼琴師。故選C。

49．B考查副詞辨析。narrowly狹窄地，危險地；reasonably合理地；normally正常地；properly正確地。猜測的結(jié)果比較合理，接近實(shí)際的結(jié)果。故選B。

50．D考查形容詞辨析。為什么猜得這么準(zhǔn)確，平均法則是其原因。responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。故選D?！緜渥ⅰ勘疚呐e例說明了以諾貝爾獎得主、物理學(xué)家EnricoFermi的名字命名的“Enrico”問題及其解決辦法。三、閱讀理解18.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whatwillpeopledieof100yearsfromnow?Ifyouthinkthatisasimplequestion,youhavenotbeenpayingattentiontotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinbio-technology.Withthehelpofnewmedicine,thehumanbodywilllastaverylongtime.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidents,murderandwar.Today’sleadingkillers,suchasheartdisease,cancer,andagingitself,willbecomedistantmemories.Indiscussionoftechnologicalchanges,theInternetgetsmostoftheattentionthesedays.Butthechangeinmedicinecanbetherealtechnologicaleventofourtimes.Howlongcanhumanslive,Humanbrainswereknowntodecidethefinaldeath.Cells(細(xì)胞)arethebasicunitsofalllivingthings,anduntilrecently,scientistsweresurethatthelifeofcellscouldnotgomuchbeyond120yearsbecausethebasicmaterialsofcells,suchasthoseofbraincells,wouldnotlastforever.Buttheupperlimitswillbebrokenbynewmedicine.Sometimebetween2050and2100,medicinewillhaveadvancedtothepointatwhichevery10yearsorso,peoplewillbeabletotakemedicinerepairtheirorgans(器官).Themedicine,madeupofthebasicbuildingmaterialsoflife,willbuildnewbraincells,heartcells,andsoon—inmuchthesamewayourbodiesmakenewskincellstotaketheplaceofoldones.Itisexcitingtoimaginethattheadvanceintechnologymaybechangingthemostbasicconditionofhumanexistence,butmanytechnicalproblemsstillmustbecleareduponthewaytothiswonderfulfuture.73.Accordingtothepassage,humandeathisnowmainlycausedby_______.A.diseasesandaging

B.accidentssadwarC.accidentsandaging

D.heartdiseaseandwar74.Intheauthor’sopinion,today’smostimportantadvanceintechnologyliesin_______.A.medicine

B.theInternet

C.braincells

D.humanorgans75.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.humanlifewillnotlastmorethan120yearsinthefutureB.humanshavetotakemedicinetobuildnewskincellsnowC.muchneedstobedonebeforehumanscanhavealongerlifeD.wehavealreadysolvedthetechnicalproblemsinbuildingnewcells參考答案：AAC19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。HenryFordwasthefirstpersontobuildcarswhichwerecheap，strongandfast．Hewasabletosellmillionsofmodelsbecausebecouldproducetheminlargenumbersatatime；thatis，hemadeagreatmanycarsofexactlythesamekind．Ford’sfatherhopedthathissonwouldbecomeafarmer，buttheyoungmandidnotliketheideaandhewenttoDetroit（底特律）whereheworkedasamechanic（機(jī)械師）．Bytheage