2021高考英語(yǔ)（全國(guó)版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)考法精練：高考題型突破　閱讀理解 含解析

第三部分高考題型突破

題型一閱讀理解

?夯基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)練透

題組1細(xì)節(jié)理解題

I，-—2020；碓積寸一模］___________________________

體裁主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

應(yīng)用文冬日出行的四個(gè)去處285★4分鐘

Theweathermightbefreezingathome,butthatdoesn,tmeanyouhavetospendthewinter

trembling.Instead,grabyourbathingsuitandsunscreenandheadtothesesunnyspotsthatoffer

thebestwarm-weathergetaways.

SanJuan,PuertoRico

HeadtothehotcitynightlifeofSanJuan,wherethestreetsofsmartCondadobackrightonto

thepalmtrees.Topchefs,stylishhotels,bars,clubs；andshopsarealljuststepsawayfromthe

tropicalbeaches.SincePuertoRicobecameaUScommonwealth,ithasbeenoneoftheeasiestislands

intheCaribbeantovisitsinceyouwon'tneedanypasses,havetochangemoney,etc.

RivieraMaya,Mexico

What'sbetterthandivingintothesaltysea?Goingintotheclearandsalt-freewatersof

thenatural1imestonecenotesoftheRivieraMayaandYucatdnPeninsula.Spendasunnydayexploring

thesenaturalcavepoolsfilledwithcoolwaterthatspringsfromthegroundbelowandthethick

palmforeststhatsurroundthem.ThenheadbacktoFairmontMayakobaforcomfortableroomsandmodern

Mexicancuisine.

NewOrleans

NewOrleans'slivelynightlifeandlivemusicscenesmakethe"BigEasy"agreatgirls'winter

getaway.Andevenifyourcrewisn,tonetoseekouttheboozyBourbonStreetcrawl,there,splenty

ofamazingfoodtobediscoveredintheFrenchQuarter,plentyofshoppingandwalkingintheGarden

District.

Clearwater,Florida

Ifyouwanttomeetarealmoviestarwhilealsotakinginthesun,headtotheGulfshoresof

Clearwater,Florida.HereyoucanmeetthestarsofDolphinTaleandDolphinTale2,WinterandHope,

whoareinresidenceattheClearwaterMarineAquarium.

1.WhatmakesPuertoRicoaneasytouristdestinationtovisit?

A.Nopassisneeded.

B.ItliesintheCaribbean.

C.It'snearthetropicalbeaches.

D.Manytravelservicesareoffered.

2.WhatcanyoudoinRivieraMaya?

A.Diveintothesaltysea.

B.Enjoy1ivemusicscenes.

C.Meetsomerealfamousactors.

D.Explorenaturalcavepools.

3.Whichplacewillyougotoifyouareafilmfan?

A.SanJuan,PuertoRico.

B.RivieraMaya,Mexico.

C.NewOrleans.

D.Clearwater,Florida.

Passage2［2020山西大同學(xué)情調(diào)研］

體裁主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

小場(chǎng)地足球培訓(xùn)課程的招生

應(yīng)用文3064分鐘

信息

Whatisthesmallsidedsoccer?

Thesmal1sidedsoccerstartswithgamesof3-on-3fromtheyoungestparticipantsto4-00-4,

7-on-7,11-on-ll,inagraduatedmannerfortheoldergroups.OUTschool'strainingcoursewill

givekidsabetterchancetotakepartinthegameandgetexcitedaboutthegameofsoccer.The

smal1sidedapproachgiveseachchi1dmoreindividualizedattentionsotheycaneachimprovetheir

skills.And,it'sFUN!

Somegeneralpracticalinformation

?Thecafeteriaisopen.

?Wesupplyparticipantswithsoccerclothesandboots.

?Pleasebringawaterbottleforyourchild.

Soccerseasontrainingtimes

TeamSaturdaySunday

Tykes10:00—11:00

PeeWees11:00—11:50

BoysE&F12:30—14:0013:00—14:00

Girls12:30—14:30

Costs

Thecostis$70permonthforTykesandPeeWeesand$115foral1theotherteams.

Thosewhoenteronlinewillgeta10%discount.

Volunteering

Can1bethecoach?

Ofcourse!Ourtrainingcourseisalwayslookingforvolunteercoaches.Wewillprovidecoaches

withplansforactivitiesandtraining,andhelpsetupthesmal1sidedfields.It'sagreat

opportunitytogetinvolvedwithkidsandhelpdeveloptheirloveforsports.

HowcanIvolunteerinotherways?

It'syourclubandyouarewe1cometovolunteer!Therearevolunteeropportunitieswithprograms,

fields,publicity,facilities,uniforms,websitedevelopmentandtheboard,tonamebutafew.Let

usknowhowyou'dliketohelp—andwe'11putyoutowork!

Doparentsstay?

Yes.ParentsarestronglyencouragedtostayandsupporttheirchiIdrenandtheclub.Theclub

isavolunteer-runorganization.Parentsandathletesareencouragedtohelpwiththeclean-upand

set-upactivities.

Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutprogramspecifics,pleasecontacttherecreationalsoccer

coordinator（協(xié)調(diào)人）,PabloVercelIi,atrecreationa1soccer^abfsport.nl.Te1:043-239-4409.

1.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetrainingcourse?

A.Coacheswi11makeplansforactivitiesandtraining.

B.Parentscanvolunteerforthetrainingcourse.

C.Itoffersthreemealsadayforfree.

1）.Itteachesstudentsaccordingtotheirinterest.

2.GeorgeenteredforthePeeWeestrainingonline.Howmuchdoeshehavetopay?

A.$70.B.$63.C.$115.D.$103.5.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.PabloVercelliwasthefounderofthesmallsidedsoccer.

B.Parentswhohelpwiththeclean-updon'tneedtopayforthecourse.

C.BothTykesandBoysE&FhaveclassesonSunday.

D.TykesandPeeWeeshavethesamechargingstandard.

4.Wheredoyouprobablyreadthearticle?

A.Insciencefiction.B.Inamedicalmagazine.

C.Inanewspaper.D.Inaguidebook.

Passage“2020廣東七校第二次聯(lián)考］

體裁主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

說(shuō)明文《長(zhǎng)安十二時(shí)辰》304★★5分鐘

StarringYiYangqianxiandLeiJiayin,thenewseriesTheLongestDayinChang"anhasbeenone

ofthebiggestpleasantsurprisesforfansofTVdramasthissummer.Itsintensestoryand

well-designedcostumesandsceneryhavecapturedtheattentionofviewers,earningithighmarks

onreviewplatforms.

ThestorytakesplaceduringtheLanternFestivalinChang,an,thecapitaloftheTangdynasty.

TheleadingcharacterZhangXiaojinghasbeensentencedtodeath.Beforetheexecution（處決）,heis

appointedbyLiBi,theyoungchiefoftheintel1igencedepartment,tostopagroupofsuspected

terroristscalledtheWolfSquadandprotectChang'an.

Oneofthemainattractionsofthedramahasbeenitsrecreationandpresentationoftheancient

cityofChang'an.Togiveviewersthefeelingthattheyaretravelinginthecity,theshow'sdirector

CaoDunhasbeenmakinguseofsingleshotscenesthatshowwhatthecrowdedmarketwouldhavebeen

likeduringtheLanternFestivalinChang'an.Thecasthasalsobeenamajordraw.Theyhavebeen

anirreplaceablepartofthedrama.Theseexperiencedactorsprovidethefoundationforthedrama.

Thedramaincludessomeimpressiveandimportantplotelements,suchaswatchtowersinthecity

thataremannedbysharpshooterswhocanhitanytargetintheirrange.Theproductionteameven

cameupwithadetailedsecretcommunicationsystemthatthesewatchtowersusetocommunicatewith

eachother.Anotherinnovationistheuseofscreennotestoexplaintermsthattheaudiencewould

beunfami1iarwith；suchastheterm〃bu1iangren^,whichtheaudiencemaymistakenlythinkrefers

toavillain（壞人）inthedrama.Anexplanationappearsonthescreentotelltheaudiencethat〃bu

1iangren〃arespecialiststrainedtocatchevi1guys.It'srea11yhelpful.

1.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdoweknowaboutZhangXiaojing?

A.Heendsupbeingkilledbysuspectedterrorists.

B.Heisappointedaschiefoftheintel1igencedepartmentbyLiBi.

C.Heisstillsentencedtolifeimprisonmentthoughheisinnocent.

D.Heischosentodefeatthesuspectedterroriststhoughhefacesadeathsentence.

2.Thedrama'sdirectoremploystheskillofsingleshotscenesinorderto.

A.makeviewersexperiencethefeelingoftravelinginthecity

B.lettheaudiencehaveagoodtripinChang'an

C.havetheaudienceunderstandthehistorywell

D.showwhatChang*anislike

3.Whatdoestheterm"buliangren*referto?

A.Thepeoplewhoarethoughttohavecommittedacrime.

B.Thepeoplewhoareexpertatarrestingbadmen.

C.Thepeoplewhohavenofamilyorpossessions.

D.Thepeoplewhoarereferredtoasvillains.

4.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theexplanationforscreennotes.

B.Theintroductionofthecommunicationsystem.

C.Theinnovationelementsofthedrama.

D.Theaudience'sassessmentsofthedrama.

Passage”2020湖1匕黃岡質(zhì)量檢測(cè)］

體裁主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

說(shuō)明文防反射手機(jī)屏258★★5分鐘

Oneofthethingsthatmakesyoursmartphonesosmartisthatifyoupul1itoutinthesun,

itsensesthatandadjuststhescreenbrightnesstocompensate.Butit'snotaperfectsolution.

“Firstofall,it'sstillnotbrightenough—youhavetorememberhowrespectablesunlight

is/saidShin-TsonWu,aphysicistattheUniversityofCentralFlorida.Speakingofthebrightened

screen,theotherproblemisthatitkillsthebattery.SoWuandhiscolleagueshaveproduceda

battery-sparingalternative：ananti-reflectivescreencoating,basedontheeyesofmoths."Nature

issorich!Wecanlearnalotfromnature."ThethingWuandothershavelearnedaboutmoths'

eyes,isthatthey*reuneven,dottedwithtinyprojections.Thatunevensurfacereducesthe

reflectionofIightofftheireyes,thoughttohelpthebugsescapepredators（食肉動(dòng)物）,andseebetter

inlowlight.SoWuandhisteambuiltasimilarsurfacewithtinydimples（小凹）,tocutdownonglare.

Hesaysthecoatingcouldimprovethereadabilityofascreenbyfivetotentimes,comparedtoa

normalsmartphonescreen.ThedetailsareinthejournalOptica.

Thetechnologyhasn,tbeencommercializedyet,andthatcouldtakeafewyears,whichgives

researcherstimetotakeadvantageofanotherpropertyofthesesurfaces—they'reflexible,meaning

thepossibilityofbendabledisplays.Combiningthatwiththebendybatterieswereportedonin

arecentpodcas〔（播客），thesmartphonesofthefuturecouldbesetforarealtransformation.

1.Whydotheresearchersdeveloptheanti-reflectivescreencoating?

A.Tobrightenthescreen.

B.Tomakeprofits.

C.Tousesmartphonesinthesunlight.

D.Tosavetheuseofbattery.

2.Whatinspiredtheinventionofthescreencoating?

A.Thepredators.

B.Thereflectionoflight.

C.Theeyesofmoths.

D.Thesmoothsurface.

3.Howdoesthescreencoatingwork?

A.Ithelpsbugsescape.

B.Itslowsdownreading.

C.Thesmoothsurfaceprotectsoureyes.

D.Theroughsurfacedecreasesthereflectionoflight.

4.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthescreen?

A.It'11transformitself.

B.It'11beenvironmentallyfriendly.

C.It'11reachconsumerssoon.

D.It'11bepoweredbyrecyclablebatteries.

Passage5[2020廣東惠州第二次調(diào)研]

體裁主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

說(shuō)明文合適的睡眠時(shí)間341★★★6分鐘

Peoplewhosleepforlessthansixhoursanightaremorelikelytodieearly,whichresearchers

intheUniversityofWarwickhavefoundinarecentstudy.Theydiscoveredthatpeoplewhoslept

forlessthansixhourseachnightwere12%morelikelytodiebeforetheageof65thanthosewho

sleptfortherecommendedsixtoeighthoursanight.

Theresearcherspointedoutthatpreviousstudieshadshownthatthelackofsleepwasassociated

withproblemslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.However,theresearchersalsofoundthat

sleepingtoomuchwaslinkedtoanearlydeath.Thosewhosleptformorethanninehoursanight

were30%morelikelytodieearly；asanarticleinthelatestSleepsuggested.Thatdirectly

contradictsanotherpassageinthesamejournallastmonthsuggestingthatpeoplewhosleptfor

tenhoursorlongeranightweremorelikelytoliveto100.Itwasthoughtthatpeoplewholived

toanextremelyoldagewerehealthierandthereforetheysleptbetter.

However,theauthorsofthelatestresearchcontradictedthisandsuggestedthatlongsleepwas

asignofunderlyingillnessessuchasdepressionandlowlevelsofphysicalactivity.Professor

FrancescoCappuccioattheUniversityofWarwicksaid,“Whileshortsleepmayrepresentacauseof

illhealth,longsleepisbelievedtorepresentanindicatorofi11health.”

Healsomentioned,''Modernsocietyhasseenagradualreductionintheaverageamountofsleep

peopletake,andthispatternismorecommonamongfull-timeworkers,suggestingthatitmaybedue

topressuresfromlongerworkinghours.Ontheotherhandftheworseningofourhealthisoften

accompaniedbyanextensionofoursleepingtime.〃

Consistentlysleepingforsixtoeighthourspernightmaybegoodforhealth.However,whether

toachievethegoaldependsonvariousfactorssuchastheenvironmentaswellasmeasuresofpublic

healthaimedatfavourablechangesoftheworkingenvironments/ProfessorFrancescoCappuccioadded.

1.WhathaveresearchersintheUniversityofWarwickfound?

A.Peoplewhosleepforlessthan6hourseachnightdiebefore65.

B.Sleepingformorethan9hoursanightdoesgoodtoone'shealth.

C.Sixtoeighthoursofsleepcanbeappropriateforpeop1e.

D.Peopleatanoldagearehealthierbecausetheysleeplonger.

2.WhatisProfessorFrancescoCappucciomostlikelytoagreewith?

A.Longsleepiswhatcausesourhealthproblems.

B.Modernpeoplesleeplessbecausetheyworklonger.

C.Ourhealthbecomesbetterbecausewesleepless.

D.Howlongwesleepdependsonoureducation.

3.WhatdidProfessorFrancescoCappucciothinkmayhelppeoplehavepropersleep?

A.Socialpressure.

B.Longerworkinghours.

C.Anextensionofsleepingtime.

D.Favourablechangesoftheworkingenvironments.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.HowLongShouldWeSleep

B.LongerSleepMakesBetterHealth

C.TimetoSleepEarly

D.TheImportanceofSleep

Passage6[2020吉林長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)]

體裁主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

說(shuō)明文救助流浪兒童326★★★6分鐘

Althoughsmallbusinesstrainingandcreditprogramshavebecomemorecommonthroughoutthe

world,littleattentionhasbeenpaidtotheneedofyoungpeople,andevenlesstothechildrenliving

onthestreetorindifficultconditions.

Overthepastnineyears,StreetKidsInternalional(SKI)hasbeenworkingwithpartner

organizationsinAfrica,LatinAmericaandIndiatosupporttheeconomiclivesofstreetchildren

anddevelopopportunitiesforstreetchildrentoearnmoney.

TheSKIBicycleCourierServicefirststartedinSudan.Streetchildrenwhotookpartinit

weregivenbicycles,whichtheyusedtodeliverparcelsandmessages.Asimilarprogramwastaken

upinBangalore,India.TheShoeshineCollectivewasaprogramwiththeYWCAintheDominicanRepublic.

Thechildreninthisprojectwerelentmoneytobuyshoeshineboxes.Theywerealsogivenasafe

placetostoretheirequipment,andfacilitiesforindividualsavingsplans.TheYouthSkills

EnterpriseInitiativeinZambiaisaprogramwiththeRedCrossSocietyandtheYWCA.Streetyouths

aresupportedtostarttheirownsmalIbusinessthroughbusinesstraining,1ifeski1Istrainingand

accesstocredit.

Duringtheprogram,SKIandpartnerorganizationshavedrawnlessonsfromthepast：Firstofall,

beingabusinessmanisnotforeveryone,norforeverystreetchild.Anditisimportantforall

loanstobelinkedtotrainingprogramsthatincludethedevelopmentofbasicbusinessandlife

ski11s.Secondly,smallloansareprovidedfirstlyforbuyingfixedassetssuchasbicycles,shoeshine

kitsandbasicbuildingmaterialsforamarketstall（攤位）.Asthechildrengainexperience,they

canbegivenmoreloanamounts.AndallSKIprogramshavechargedinterestontheloans.Generally

therateshavebeen1owerthanbankrates.Mostimportantly,itisbelievedthatcreditmustbegiven

withothertypesofsupportthathelptheyoungdevelopkeylifeskillsaswellasproductive

businesses.

1.HowdoesSKIhelpstreetchildren?

A.Bygivingstreetchildrenchancestogotoschool.

B.ByencouragingthepublictogivemoneytostreetchiIdren.

C.Bycreatingchancesforstreetchildrentomakemoney.

D.Bydrawingtheattentionofgovernmentstohelpstreetchildren.

2.Streetyouthscanbelentmoneytobuyshoeshineboxesin.

A.theDominicanRepublicB.ZambiaC.IndiaD.Sudan

3.Theunderlinedword"assets"inthelastparagraphprobablycanbereplacedby.

A.clothingB.vehiclesC.equipmentD.houses

4.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthat.

A.eachchiIdcanonlyenjoyonekindofloan

B.notallloansshouldbelinkedtotrainingprograms

C.anychildcanapplyforthebusinesstrainingandloan

D.thechildrenhavetopaybackslightlymoremoneythantheyborrow

題組2主旨大意題

Passage7(2020四省八校質(zhì)量檢測(cè)］

ms建詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

亞馬孫雨林的火

說(shuō)明文337★★★6分鐘

災(zāi)

FiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrainforestthisyearhavebeenahottopicasscientistsand

environmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsentheclimatechangecrisisandthreaten

biodiversity（生物多樣性）.

Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled"thelungsofthe

world”.Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionnativepeople.

ThevastareasoftherainforestplayanimportantroleintheworldTsecosystembecausetheyabsorb

heatinsteadofitbeingreflectedbackintotheatmosphere.Theyalsostorecarbondioxideand

produceoxygen,ensuringthatlesscarbondioxideisreleased,miIigatingtheeffectsofclimate

change.

“Anydestroyedforestisathreattobiodiversityandpeople,“ThomasLovejoy,anecologistat

GeorgeMasonUniversitytoldNationalGeographic."Theoverwhelmingthreatisthatalotofcarbon

dioxidegoesintotheatmosphere/hestressed.themidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannot

affordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonrainforestmustbe

protected/'U.N.SecretaryGeneralAntdnioGuterressaid.

DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearch（INPE）showthatthenumberofforestfires

inBrazilquicklyincreasedby82percentfromJanuarytoAugustthisyearcomparedtothesame

periodlastyear.Atotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinthecountryinthefirsteight

monthsof2019,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2018,INPEsaid."Weestimatethattheforest

areasintheBrazi1ianAmazonrainforesthavedecreasedbybetween20and30percentcomparedto

thelast12months,“CarlosNobre,aresearcherattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,toldGermanbroadcaster

DeutscheWelle.

Brazi1ownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedegradation（惡化）couldhavesevere

consequencesforglobalclimateandrainfall.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyetto

bedetermined,buttheemergencyhastranscended（超出）Brazi1'sborders,reachingPeruvian,

ParaguayanandBolivianregions.

1.Whatdoestheunder1inedword"mitigating"inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Increasing.B.Relieving.

C.Ignoring.D.Improving.

2.WhatcanwelearnfromThomas'sandAnt6nio,swords?

A.Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.

B.Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.

C.Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.

D.Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.

3.Whydoestheauthorlistthenumbersinparagraph4?

A.Toprovetheimportanceoftherainforest.

B.Toshowreasonsforforestfires.

C.Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.

D.Topresentthereductioninrainforestareas.

4.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Theclimatechangecrisisisworsening.

B.Theforestareasareonthedecline.

C.”Thelungsoftheearth“isburning.

D.Theworld,secosystemisunderattack.

Passage8[2020四J11綿陽(yáng)一診）

主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

綠色環(huán)境有益健

說(shuō)明文269★★5分鐘

康

Astudyhasfoundthatmiddle-agedandolderadultswholiveingreenerneighborhoodshavea

decreasedriskofdevelopingmetabolicsyndrome（新陳代謝綜合征）suchasobesity,hypertension（高血

壓）andhighbloodsugar.

Thestudy,publishedinEnvironmentalPollution,wasconductedbytheBarcelonaInstitutefor

GlobalHealth（ISGlobal）.Itdifferedfrompreviousstudiesonthehealthbenefitsofgreenspaces

inthatitexaminedallofthesymptomsofmetabolicsyndrometogethercollectivelyratherthan

asindividualcomponents.HavingmetabolicsyndromeincreasesapersonJsriskofheartdisease,

strokesandtype2diabetes,accordingtotheNationalHeart,Lung,andB1oodInstitute.

ThestudyfromISGlobalexamineddatafromclinicalexaminationsofover6,000Britishadults

whowerebetween45and69yearsoldwhenthestudybegan.Thedatawasderivedfromfourexaminations

participantswentthroughbetween1997and2013thatiDeludedbloodanalyses,bloodpressureand

measurementofweight."Thesefindingssuggestthatlong-termexposuretogreenspacescanplay

animportantroleinpreventingmetabolicsyndromeasawhole,*accordingtoapressreleasepublished

byISGlobal.

Thecorrelationbetweennearnesstogreenspacesandbetterhealthcouldbeassociatedwith

theexpandedopportunitiesforphysicalrecreationand1owerexposuretoairpollution,according

toCarmenDeKeijzer,ISGlobalresearcherandprincipalauthorofthestudy.

Femalesubjectsweremorelikelythanmalestoexhibitthestudy'sassociationbetweenliving

ingreenerneighborhoodsandhavingfewermetabolicsymptoms./zWomentendtospendmoretimein

theirresidentialneighborhood,whichcouldexplainthisgenderdifference,“Carmensaid."Weneed

greenercitiesifwewanthealthiercities,“sheadded.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Youngpeoplewerenotincludedinthestudy.

BSymptomswereexaminedonebyone.

CItwasajointeffortofseveralinstitutes.

DItwasthefirstofitskindindecades.

2Whatdoestheunderlinedword"derived"inparagraph3mean?

A.Departed.B.Arrived.

C.Gained.D.Demanded.

3.Whydowomenhavefewermetabolicsymptoms?

ABecausetheyhaveadifferentgender.

BBecausetheyliveingreenercities.

CBecausetheyliveinhealthiercities.

DBecausetheystaymorewheretheylive.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

GreenerNeighborhoods,FewerMetabolicSymptoms

B.WomenHavingFewerMetabolicSymptoms

C.MetabolicSyndromeIncreasingHeartDisease

1）LivinginGreenerandHealthierCities

Passage9[2020河南開(kāi)封一模]

體裁主題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

說(shuō)明文公民科學(xué)家327★★★7分鐘

AndrewGreydoesn'tfitmostpeople*sideaofanastronomer.Heworksinacarrepairshop,

notinalaboruniversity,andyettheAustralianrepairmandiscoveredastarsystemhidingindata

fromNASA'sKeplerspacetelescope.

Mr.Greyisoneofmillionsofcitizenscientistshelpingresearcherstoexpandcollective

understanding.Forcenturies,onlyafewordinarypeoplehadbeencontributingtoscience,but

advancesintechnologyhavebroughtahigherlevelofdemocratization（民主化）toscience.

“Thisisacollaborative（合作的）effortthatanyonecouldgetinvolvedin,“saysChrisLintott,

anOxfordUniversityastrophysicist（天體物理學(xué)家）andco_founderofZooniverse,aplatformthathosts

dozensofcitizenscienceprojects.Citizenscientistscancontributetobreakthroughsinalmost

anyfield,fromecologytoastrophysics.

“Aslongaspatternrecognitionisinvolved,therearenolimitstowhatcanbecomeacitizen

scienceproject/Lintottsays."Anyonecanidentifypatternsinimages,graphs,orevenseemingly

boringdataafterashorttutorial.Machinelearningallowscomputerstodosomepatternrecognition.

Buthumans,particularlyamateurscientists,don'tstayfocusedonwhatthey'resupposedto.And

that*sgood,becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset.”

“Andcitizen