新高考適用2023版高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第1部分閱讀能力突破篇專題2閱讀七選五第2講根據(jù)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解題

第一部分專題二第2講A(2022·山東省濟南市高三二模)“Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfor，”saidJohnA．Shedd,anearly20thcenturyauthor.ThroughouttheCOVID-19,we?veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We?vecometounderstand,thoughwecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotectourselves.__1__Itstopsusfromsteppingoutsideofourcomfortzonesandtryingnewthings.Developmentalpsychologiststalkabout“positiverisks”—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescanbenefitfrom.__2__Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolderadultsisbeingabletochoosehowtheyspendtheirtime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-likehikingorotheroutdooractivities—mildlyrisky.Oneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareonthe“safe”sideofriskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwithafully-chargedcellphoneandafullwaterbottle.__3__Orifyouareconcernedaboutyourphysicalcapacity,consultacertifiedtrainerormedicalprofessionalbeforedeparture.__4__Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostepbackintonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.Nobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonceagainlearnandgrowinourlives.__5__A．Takerisksinapositiveway.B．Buttheself-protectivemindstatecarriesitsownrisk.C．Overallhappinessisonebenefitofpositiverisk-taking.D．Remembertotelloneofyourfriendsorfamilyyourdestination.E．Besidestakingpreventivesteps,flexiblethinkingisalsoencouraged.F．Likeashipsailingawayfromitsharbor,thatiswhatwewerebuilttodo.G．Forteenagers,thismeansriskslikerunningformonitorortryingoutforateam.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了作者認(rèn)為盡管要保護(hù)自己，但也要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)姆e極冒險，嘗試新事物的想法，并給出了積極冒險的意義、措施。1．B段中題。根據(jù)上文“?Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfor，?saidJohnA．Shedd,anearly20thcenturyauthor.ThroughouttheCOVID-19,we?veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We?vecometounderstand,thoughwecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotectourselves.(“停泊在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，”20世紀(jì)初的作家JohnA．Shedd說。在整個COVID-19疫情期間，我們都習(xí)慣于以新的方式評估風(fēng)險。我們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到，盡管我們永遠(yuǎn)無法完全擺脫風(fēng)險，但我們有強大的能力做出大大小小的選擇來保護(hù)自己。)”以及下文“Itstopsusfromsteppingoutsideofourcomfortzonesandtryingnewthings.(它阻止我們走出舒適區(qū)，嘗試新事物。)”可知，前面講述了因為疫情我們都變得習(xí)慣用新方式評估風(fēng)險，我們開始意識到我們有很大的能力進(jìn)行大大小小的選擇來保護(hù)自己，而空格后卻表明這阻止我們邁出舒適圈和嘗試新事物，B選項符合前后的轉(zhuǎn)折，文中it指代B中的自我保護(hù)的心態(tài)，但是自我保護(hù)的心態(tài)也有自己的風(fēng)險。故B選項“但是自我保護(hù)的精神狀態(tài)也有它自己的風(fēng)險。”符合語境，故選B。2．G段中題。根據(jù)上文“Developmentalpsychologiststalkabout?positiverisks?—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescanbenefitfrom.(發(fā)展心理學(xué)家談?wù)摗胺e極風(fēng)險”——社會可接受的風(fēng)險，我們的生活可以從中受益。)”以及下文“Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolderadultsisbeingabletochoosehowtheyspendtheirtime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-likehikingorotheroutdooractivities—mildlyrisky.(但是那些成長為成年人的人呢？研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，老年人的幸福在于能夠選擇如何度過他們的時間，包括冒險的、新的甚至是風(fēng)險較小的徒步旅行或其他戶外活動。)”可知，上文表明發(fā)展心理學(xué)家講述了積極風(fēng)險的定義，空格后卻表示但已經(jīng)長大成人的大人。由此可知，所填句子應(yīng)該是承接前一句講述青少年(發(fā)展心理學(xué)本身的主要內(nèi)容就是兒童期，包括青少年的心理發(fā)展)，G選項“對于青少年這意味著像競選班長、報名參加一個團(tuán)體這樣的風(fēng)險”，this指代前面的positiverisks，然后空格后再轉(zhuǎn)折講述成年人的幸福也包括冒險，故選G。3．D段中題。根據(jù)上文“Oneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareonthe?safe?sideofriskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwithafully-chargedcellphoneandafullwaterbottle.(一份積極風(fēng)險管理指南列出了人們可以確保他們的風(fēng)險處于風(fēng)險范圍的“安全”一側(cè)的方法。例如，為了確保騎行成功，你應(yīng)該提前準(zhǔn)備好一個充滿電的手機和一個裝滿水的水瓶。)”可知，此處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)描述為了順利完成自行車騎行而采取的措施，故D選項“記得告訴你的朋友或家人你的目的地?！狈险Z境，故選D。4．E段首題。根據(jù)下文“Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostepbackintonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.(這意味著要適應(yīng)不斷變化的情況。為了應(yīng)對這一致命病毒，人們只有在接種疫苗后才選擇回到正常生活。這樣，人們就可以相信風(fēng)險是可以承受的。)”可知，空格后表示適應(yīng)變化的情形，面對致死的病毒，人們選擇在接種疫苗后回到日常生活，this指代E中的“flexiblethinking”，故E選項“除了采取預(yù)防措施，靈活變通的想法也值得提倡?！狈险Z境，故選E。5．F段尾題。根據(jù)上文“Nobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonceagainlearnandgrowinourlives.(沒有人愿意冒不必要的風(fēng)險。但使用我們新獲得的風(fēng)險評估工具，我們可以再次在生活中學(xué)習(xí)和成長。)”可知，文章開頭就用船比喻人，表明盡管在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，來鼓勵人們進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)拿半U。在中間講述了適當(dāng)冒險的好處、定義和相應(yīng)措施后，最后一段再次倡導(dǎo)使用新的風(fēng)險評估工具。故F選項“就像一艘駛離港灣的船，這就是我們的使命?！狈险Z境，故選F。B(2022·重慶市名校聯(lián)盟高三下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)合考試)Thinkaboutwhatkindofpersonyou?reattractedto.Physicalappearancelikelyplaysastrongpart,ofcourse,asdokindness,humorandotherqualities.Ifyou?relikeme,you?reattractedtoimpressivepeople.__1__TheyhavequalitiesIadmirebutlackmyself.BecauseIassumepeoplewithcertainqualitieswouldbemostinterestedinthosewhosharethem.Idon?tevenconsiderthepossibilityofdevelopingarelationshipwiththem.__2__Ifyou?reattractedtoathleticpeople,forexample,butdon?tregardyourselfasfitoractive,youmaynotthinkyoustandachancewiththepeopleyouseeworkingoutatthegym.However,thereareseveralmistakeswiththiswayofthinking.Youshouldn?tassumepeoplearelookingforsomeonewhosharesqualitiestheypossessthemselves.__3__Theymayreallyliketomeetsomebodyfromacompletelydifferentwalkoflife,otherthanthefieldofmusic.Thequalitiesyouadmireinotherpeoplemaynotbethesameonestheyidentify(認(rèn)同)inthemselves.Thisappliestomyexampleofimpressivepeople.__4__Whileyoumayfindtheirsuccess,drive,andenthusiasmimpressive,maybethey?relookingforsomeonewhoknowshowtostepbackandenjoylife.Andyouareprobablyundersellingyourownpositivequalities.Youprobablyhavequalitiesyoumaynotfindattractivebutthatsomepeoplewilladmireinyou.Soitisn?tworthwhiletoworryaboutfallingshortofwhatyouthinkotherpeoplewant.Allyoucandoisbeyourself,showyourbestqualities,andseewhorespondstothem.Ifthereisonequalitythatneverattractsanybody,it?sdoubt.__5__A．I?vebeenstrugglingwiththesesamethingsmyself.B．Maybeit?sawriter,musician,doctor,lawyer,orsoldier.C．Theymaynotview“impressive”inthesamewayyoudo.D．Thisproblemgoesfarbeyondmyspecificexample,though.E．Amusicianisn?tnecessarilyinterestedonlyinothermusicians.F．Itpreventsyoufromfindingoutwhetheryourattractionisshared.G．Youcanneverknowwhichthingstheywanttosharewiththeirpartners.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是在對待令人印象深刻的人時的一些錯誤的想法。1．B段中題?？崭袂罢f“Ifyou?relikeme,you?reattractedtoimpressivepeople.(如果你和我一樣，你會被令人印象深刻的人所吸引。)”，空格處應(yīng)說到令人印象深刻的人具體是什么人，B選項“Maybeit?sawriter,musician,doctor,lawyer,orsoldier.(也許是作家、音樂家、醫(yī)生、律師或士兵。)”點明了令人印象深刻的人是誰，因此B選項承接上文，符合語境，故選B。2．D段首題?？崭袂罢f“BecauseIassumepeoplewithcertainqualitieswouldbemostinterestedinthosewhosharethem.Idon?tevenconsiderthepossibilityofdevelopingarelationshipwiththem.(因為我認(rèn)為有某些特質(zhì)的人會對擁有相同特質(zhì)的人最感興趣。我甚至沒有考慮過和他們發(fā)展關(guān)系的可能性。)”，空格后說“Ifyou?reattractedtoathleticpeople,forexample,butdon?tregardyourselfasfitoractive,youmaynotthinkyoustandachancewiththepeopleyouseeworkingoutatthegym.(舉個例子，如果你被運動健將所吸引，但卻認(rèn)為自己并不健康或活躍，你可能會認(rèn)為自己不可能和那些在健身房鍛煉的人在一起。)”，D選項“Thisproblemgoesfarbeyondmyspecificexample,though.(不過，這個問題遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了我的具體例子。)”中的“Thisproblem”指代前面的作者自己的例子，且引出了其他人的問題，因此D選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選D。3．E段中題?？崭袂罢f“Youshouldn?tassumepeoplearelookingforsomeonewhosharesqualitiestheypossessthemselves.(你不應(yīng)該假設(shè)人們在尋找一個和他們有相同品質(zhì)的人。)”，空格后說“Theymayreallyliketomeetsomebodyfromacompletelydifferentwalkoflife,otherthanthefieldofmusic.(他們可能真的喜歡遇見來自完全不同的生活領(lǐng)域的人，除了音樂領(lǐng)域。)”，說明人可能不止對自己領(lǐng)域的人感興趣，E選項“Amusicianisn?tnecessarilyinterestedonlyinothermusicians.(音樂家不一定只對其他音樂家感興趣。)”說明了人可能對其他領(lǐng)域的人感興趣，因此E選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。4．C段中題?？崭袂罢f“Thequalitiesyouadmireinotherpeoplemaynotbethesameonestheyidentify(認(rèn)同)inthemselves.(你在別人身上所欽佩的品質(zhì)，也許和他們自己所認(rèn)為的不一樣。)”，說明了你覺得令人印象深刻的人可能對“令人印象深刻”的看法和你不一樣，C選項“Theymaynotview?impressive?inthesamewayyoudo.(他們對“令人印象深刻”的看法可能和你不一樣。)”承接上文，符合語境，故選C。5．F段尾題。空格前說“Ifthereisonequalitythatneverattractsanybody,it?sdoubt.(如果有一種品質(zhì)永遠(yuǎn)無法吸引任何人，那就是懷疑。)”，空格處應(yīng)具體說“懷疑”的不好之處，F(xiàn)選項“Itpreventsyoufromfindingoutwhetheryourattractionisshared.(它阻止你發(fā)現(xiàn)你們的吸引力是否是共享的。)”中的It指的是前面的“doubt”，且說明了“懷疑”的不好，因此F選項承接上文，符合語境，故選F。C(2022·河北省唐山市普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試第一次模擬演練)WhenIwasanincoming(即將入學(xué)的)studentinUniversityofOxford,IparticipatedFYSOP.Eversincethen,wheneveritcomesupinconversation,Iammetwiththefollowingquestion:“WhatisFYSOP？”__1__FYSOPstandsforFirstYearStudentOutreachProject,whichfocusesaroundaweekservicetothecityofOxfordanditsvariousneighborhoods.__2__TheyvolunteerfortheOxfordcommunityatlocalsiteshelpingoutschools,parksornon-profitorganizations.Studentsaredividedintogroupsandledbystudentleaders.Theseleadersensurethateachplaceispreparedandthatthestudentsgettheresafely.__3__Inthiswaytheincomingstudentsareabletoreflectonwhatitmeanstogivebackandtobeapartofthecommunity.Theseconversationsareimportantforincomingstudentsbecauseofthechangetheyexperiencestartingoutincollege.__4__Studentsobtainvaluablevolunteerexperiencesandmeetnewpeople.Also,FYSOPparticipantsgettomoveinaweekearlierthanmostotherstudents.Thismeansthatyougettoskipoutonthehurriedmoveinscheduleandmightevengetaslightlycheaperflightthanifyouweremovinginwiththeother140,000collegestudents.__5__Throughmypersonalexperience,Imetsomeofmybestfriends,gotabetterunderstandingofthelayout(布局)ofOxford,andreallyenjoyedvolunteeringatvariousnon-profits.Ifyouarenot,maybeconsiderstaffingFYSOPinthefuture.A．Here?sabriefintroduction.B．Here?swhyithasbeenestablished.C．Theparticipantsareallincomingstudents.D．TherearesomanybonusesbeingapartofFYSOP!E．Ifyou?reanincomingstudent,FYSOPisworthlookinginto.F．Boththecommunityandthestudentsbenefitalotfromtheproject.G．Leadersalsoopenupconversationsthroughouttheserviceexperience.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了FYSOP的含義和參與活動的意義。1．A段尾題。根據(jù)前文“Eversincethen,wheneveritcomesupinconversation,Iammetwiththefollowingquestion：?WhatisFYSOP？?(從那時起，每當(dāng)在對話中提到這個問題時，我都會遇到以下問題：“FYSOP是什么？”)”及下文內(nèi)容可知，空格處為承上啟下句，簡要介紹FYSOP。A選項“Here?sabriefintroduction.(以下是一個簡短的介紹。)”符合題意，故選A。2．C段中題。根據(jù)前文“FYSOPstandsforFirstYearStudentOutreachProject,whichfocusesaroundaweekservicetothecityofOxfordanditsvariousneighborhoods.(FYSOP是第一年學(xué)生外展項目的縮寫，它側(cè)重于為牛津市及其各個社區(qū)提供一周的服務(wù)。)”和后文“TheyvolunteerfortheOxfordcommunityatlocalsiteshelpingoutschools,parksornon-profitorganizations.(他們?yōu)榕＝蛏鐓^(qū)做志愿者，在當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校、公園或非營利組織提供幫助。)”可知，本段介紹的是參與該項目的對象和內(nèi)容。C選項“Theparticipantsareallincomingstudents.(參加者都是即將入學(xué)的學(xué)生。)”符合題意，故選C。3．G段中題。根據(jù)前文“Studentsaredividedintogroupsandledbystudentleaders.Theseleadersensurethateachplaceispreparedandthatthestudentsgettheresafely.(學(xué)生分成小組，由學(xué)生干部領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。這些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)確保每個地方都做好了準(zhǔn)備，并確保學(xué)生安全到達(dá)。)”和后文“Theseconversationsareimportantforincomingstudentsbecauseofthechangetheyexperiencestartingoutincollege.(這些對話對即將入學(xué)的學(xué)生很重要，因為他們在大學(xué)開始時經(jīng)歷了變化。)”可知，在項目活動中，由學(xué)生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)開展服務(wù)并展開對話。G選項“Leadersalsoopenupconversationsthroughouttheserviceexperience.(在整個服務(wù)體驗過程中，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者也會展開對話。)”符合題意，conversations是關(guān)鍵詞，屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選G。4．D段首題。根據(jù)后文“Studentsobtainvaluablevolunteerexperiencesandmeetnewpeople.Also,FYSOPparticipantsgettomoveinaweekearlierthanmostotherstudents.Thismeansthatyougettoskipoutonthehurriedmoveinscheduleandmightevengetaslightlycheaperflightthanifyouweremovinginwiththeother140,000collegestudents.(學(xué)生獲得寶貴的志愿者經(jīng)驗和認(rèn)識新的人。此外，F(xiàn)YSOP的參與者比大多數(shù)學(xué)生提前一周入住。這意味著你可以避開匆忙的入住時間表，甚至可能得到比與其他14萬名大學(xué)生一起入住更便宜的機票。)”可知，本段講述的是學(xué)生參與這個服務(wù)的好處。D選項“TherearesomanybonusesbeingapartofFYSOP！(作為FYSOP中的一員有很多獎勵！)”符合題意，故選D。5．E段首題。根據(jù)后文“Throughmypersonalexperience,Imetsomeofmybestfriends,gotabetterunderstandingofthelayout(布局)ofOxford,andreallyenjoyedvolunteeringatvariousnon-profits.Ifyouarenot,maybeconsiderstaffingFYSOPinthefuture.(通過我的個人經(jīng)歷，我認(rèn)識了一些我最好的朋友，對牛津的布局有了更好的了解，也真正享受了在各種非營利組織做志愿者的過程。如果你不是，也許可以考慮將來成為FYSOP后補人員。)”可知，本段是作者以親身經(jīng)歷呼吁大家參加FYSOP及好處。E選項“Ifyou?reanincomingstudent,FYSOPisworthlookinginto.(如果你是一個即將入學(xué)的學(xué)生，F(xiàn)YSOP是值得研究的。)”符合題意，故選E。D(2022·湖北省武昌區(qū)高三模擬預(yù)測)IhavethebadhabitofskippingtothelastpagesofabooktoseehowitendswhileIamstillinthemiddleofit.__1__Oftenmyimpatiencewouldn?tbelimitedjusttothebooksIreadbutalsotowhattheywerereadingaswell.Finallyonedaymydaughtertoldmeinanger,“Dadpleasejustreadabookonepageatatimelikeeveryoneelse！”__2__IhavealsotriedtoskipaheadinmyownlifeandfigureoutwhattodomonthsandevenyearsfromnowinsteadofembracingeachdayasGodintended.Iknewthatthebookofmylifewasn?tdoneyetandthatIhadmanypageslefttogo.Still,thatdidn?tstopmefromtryingtowritetheendinghalf-waythrough.Timeandagain,IwouldfoolishlyjumpaheadandtrytosolveeveryimaginableproblembeforeithappenedsoIcouldreachthatstorybookhappilyeverafterending.__3__Godlovestosurpriseus,andyouneverknowwhatnewproblem,change,oropportunityeachnewdaywillbring.RecentlywhenIfoundmyselfreturningtothatbadhabitofrushingaheadandlivinginthefutureagain,somethingunexpectedstruckintomyheart.__4__WhenIrealizeditIsmiled,turnedthebookofmylifebacktotherightpage,andthankedGodfortoday.__5__Eachofushastoliveitonepageandonedayatatime.EachofushastohavefaithinGodtohelpustowriteitlinebylineandmomentbymoment.EachofushastotrustthatourHeavenlyFatherwillbringourstorytoitsperfectend.A．Life,however,doesn?tworklikethat.B．Irealizedlifeisalwaysgoinglikethis.C．Thereisnoskippingaheadinthebookoflife.D．Nevertheless,herwordsdidn?thavemuchinfluenceonme.E．AttimesIhaven?tlimitedthisbadhabittojustbookseither.F．IheardaspecialsoulgentlytellingmeIneededtoliveonedayatatime.G．ThisannoyedfirstmyMom,thenmyfriends,andfinallyevenmyowndaughter.【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者有個壞習(xí)慣，就是在讀到一本書中間的時候，跳過去看故事是怎么結(jié)束的，作者還把這個壞習(xí)慣帶到生活中去，但事實上，生活中充滿著新的問題、變化或機會，你無法跳到前面，在所有可能的問題發(fā)生之前解決它們。我們每個人都應(yīng)該過好當(dāng)下每一天，一行一行地寫下自己的人生之書。1．G段尾題。上文“IhavethebadhabitofskippingtothelastpagesofabooktoseehowitendswhileIamstillinthemiddleofit.(我有一個壞習(xí)慣，當(dāng)我還在書的中間時，我會跳到書的最后幾頁，看看它是如何結(jié)束的。)”提出作者的壞習(xí)慣，空格處應(yīng)該指出這個壞習(xí)慣產(chǎn)生的影響，結(jié)合下文“Finallyonedaymydaughtertoldmeinanger，?Dadpleasejustreadabookonepageatatimelikeeveryoneelse！?(終于有一天，我女兒生氣地告訴我，“爸爸，請像其他人一樣，一頁一頁地讀一本書！”)”可知，G項“ThisannoyedfirstmyMom,thenmyfriends,andfinallyevenmyowndaughter.(這首先惹惱了我媽媽，然后是我的朋友們，最后甚至是我自己的女兒。)”承上啟下，this代指上文提到的“thebadhabit”，故選G。2．E段首題。下文“Ihavealsotriedtoskipaheadinmyownlifeand