歷史學(xué)專業(yè)英語05-Marxist-Historiography

MarxistHistoriographyDrMarkJCrowleyMJC83@LIVE.CO.UK精選pptBackgroundIncapitalistcountries,alwaysconnectedtooppositionBecamepopularinthe1960s‘Historyofsociety’1930-1970:BritishMarxists(theAnnales)精選pptBasicideasCapitalismoppressestheproletariat.Theproletariatarethemajorityoftheworld'spopulationTheyworkforthebenefitofthebourgeoisie精選pptClassicalMarxismEconomywascentraltoeverythingExplanationforthecollapseofcapitalismPoliticalchangelinkedtoeconomicchange精選pptKarlMarx,DasKapital精選pptKarlMarxGermanphilosopherandpoliticaleconomistConcernedwiththealienationandexploitationoftheworkingclassOpposedcapitalistproduction,andhistoricalmaterialism.Classstruggle“Thehistoryofallhithertoexistingsocietyisthehistoryofclassstruggles”.CommunistManifesto(1848):精選pptHistoricalMaterialism“Societydoesnotconsistofindividuals,butexpressesthesumofinterrelations,therelationswithinwhichtheseindividualsstand."—

KarlMarx,Grundrisse,1858精選pptFriedrichEngels,‘TheConditionoftheWorkingClassinEngland’精選pptFriedrichEngels19thcenturyGermanpoliticalphilosopherWorkedwithMarxSharedlikeviewsofphilosophyandsocialism,WroteDieheiligeFamilie(TheHolyFamily).TheFrenchdeportedMarxfromFranceinJanuary1845EngelsandMarxmovedtoBelgium精選pptMarxandEngelsIn1847,theybeganwritingTheCommunistManifesto(1848)March1848,Belgiumexpelledthem-movedtoCologne.PublishedNeueRheinischeZeitung,apoliticallyradicalnewspaper.精選pptMarxandEngels1849deportedfromGermanyandwenttoLondonBritishPrimeMinisterLordJohnRussellrefusedtoexpelthem,eventhoughPrussiawantedthemto.精選pptMarx’sideasaboutdevelopmentPrimitiveCommunismSlaveSociety:tribalprogressiontocity-state;Aristocracyisborn.Feudalism:aristocratsaretherulingclass;merchantsevolveintocapitalists.Capitalism:capitalistsaretherulingclass,whocreateandemploytheproletariat.精選pptMarxideasaboutdevelopmentSocialism:

workersgainclassconsciousnessproletarianrevolutiontodeposethecapitalistdictatorshipofthebourgeoisie,dictatorshipoftheproletariatestablishedthemeansofproductioncanberealized.Communism:aclasslessandstatelesssociety.精選pptTheproletariat“thoseindividualswhoselltheirlabourpower,andwho,inthecapitalistmodeofproduction,donotownthemeansofproduction”BourgeoisiewillexploittheproletariatWorkers’labourgeneratesavaluegreaterthantheworkers’wages.精選pptBourgeoisie“ownthemeansofproduction”buylabourpowerfromtheproletariatExploittheproletariatPetitbourgeoisieemploylabourers,butwhoalsoworkMarxismpredictsthatthepetitbourgeoisiewouldbedestroyed精選pptOthersLumpenproletariat:criminals,vagabonds,beggars-selltheirlabourtothehighestbidder.Landlords:anhistoricallyimportantsocialclasswhoretainsomewealthandpower.Peasantryandfarmers:adisorganisedclassincapableofeffectingsocio-economicchange精選pptMarxism2:HistoriansTodayDrMarkJCrowleyE-mail:MJC83@LIVE.CO.UK精選pptMainprinciplesProgressionbasedondevelopment‘baseandsuperstructure’ConflictbetweensocialclassesA‘scienceofsociety’精選pptEuropeanFeudalSystem精選pptApplyingthetheoryProductionwascentralRevolutionneededtochangethis‘Socialism’astheendpointAscientifictheory“science,appliedwithfullunderstandingtoallfieldsofhumanactivity”–AugustBebel精選pptEuropeanClassSystem精選pptImpactofwarInfluenceoftheIndustrialRevolution(19thcentury)SuccessofRussianRevolution(1917)CollaborationwithFrenchsocialscientists(1920s)–MarcBlochandtheAnnales精選pptMarxisminBritainBecamepopularinBritainwiththreatofFascism‘societyasawhole’Historyasascience?Whyandhowsocietieschanged精選pptBritishMarxistHistoriansCommunistPartyofGreatBritain(1946)anddisbandedin1956-7(crisisofCommunism)SocietyfortheStudyofLabourHistory(1960)BuiltontheworkofTawneyandCole精選pptFamoushistoriansThoroldRogersGDHColeEricHobsbawmEPThompsonRaphaelSamuelChristopherHill精選pptWhatdidtheywanttodo?‘socialhistoryofBritain’ChallengetheprevailingaccountsLookatthepeople’sstruggles精選pptBritishMarxists:ThoroldRogersHistoryofAgricultureandPricesinEngland(publishedin7volumesbetween1866-1902)精選pptBritishMarxists:GDHCole精選pptInfluenceonCole“IbecameaSocialistbecause,assoonasthecaseforasocietyofequals,setfreefromthetwinevilsofrichesandpoverty,mastershipandsubjection,wasputtome,IknewthattobetheonlykindofsocietythatcouldbeconsistentwithhumandecencyandfellowshipandthatinnoothersocietycouldIhavetherighttobecontent.”精選pptBritishMarxists:RHTawney精選pptWorksTheAgrarianProblemintheSixteenthCentury(1912),London:Longman,GreenandCo.TheAcquisitiveSociety(1920)SecondaryEducationforAll(1922)Education:theSocialistPolicy(1924)精選pptBritishMarxists:

SidneyandBeatriceWebb精選pptWorksbytheWebbsHistoryofTradeUnionism(1894)IndustrialDemocracy(1897)EnglishLocalGovernmentVol.I–X(1906through1929)TheManorandtheBorough(1908)TheBreak-UpofthePoorLaw(1909)EnglishPoor-LawPolicy(1910)TheCooperativeMovement(1914)精選pptWorksbytheWebbsWorksManagerToday(1917)TheConsumer'sCooperativeMovement(1921)DecayofCapitalistCivilization(1923)MethodsofSocialStudy(1932)SovietCommunism:Anewcivilization?(1935)TheTruthAboutSovietRussia(1942)精選ppt精選pptTwomainconcernsLabourmovementinBritain–whydidn’titradicalise?Industrialisation–improvedorworsenedpeople’slives?HobsbawmvMaxHartwell(1957-63)精選pptDevelopmentLedtothedevelopmentof‘worldhistory’Popularprotestinpre-industrialsocietyLookedatFrenchrevolutionand18thcenturyEnglandCreatedajournal‘PastandPresent’in1952Dialoguewithnon-Marxisthistorians精選pptComparativeHistoryLookathistoricalchangeacrosscountriesEuropeanandglobalmovementsInterdisciplinarywithsociologyandanthropologyHistoricalsociologyEconomichistory

精選pptMarxismtodayManypeopleuseMarxisttheory:archaeology,anthropology,

mediastudies,

politicalscience,theatre,history,精選pptMarxismtodaysociologicaltheory,culturalstudies,education,economics,geography,literarycrit