網(wǎng)絡原理實驗報告路由器

網(wǎng)絡拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)以及端口，主機配置1：添加模塊：默認情況下，路由器的電源是打開的，添加模塊時需要關閉路由器的電源，單擊圖一箭頭所指的電源開關，將其關閉，路由器的電源關閉后綠色的電源指示燈也將變暗。2：在“MODULES”下尋找所需要的模塊，選中某個模塊時會在下方顯示該模塊的信息:然后拖到路由器的空插槽上即可，添加完后即可加上電源。3:用其RS-232與路由器的Console端口相連和電腦相連Router0和Router1之間的為192.168.5.0網(wǎng)絡Router1和Router2之間的為192.168.6.0網(wǎng)絡拓撲圖中各個端口主機地址情況：Router0各個端口配置信息：Fa0/0IP地址192.168.1.254（網(wǎng)絡192.168.1.0的網(wǎng)關地址）Fa0/1IP地址192.168.2.254（網(wǎng)絡192.168.2.0的網(wǎng)關地址）Se1/0IP地址192.168.5.1Router1各個端口配置信息：Fa0/0IP地址192.168.3.254（網(wǎng)絡192.168.3.0的網(wǎng)關地址）Se1/0IP地址192.168.5.2Se1/1IP地址192.168.6.1Router2各個端口配置信息：Fa0/0IP地址192.168.4.254（網(wǎng)絡192.168.4.0的網(wǎng)關地址）Se1/0IP地址192.168.6.2配置計算機1IP：如圖配置的為192.168.1.1主機的IP，子網(wǎng)掩碼，網(wǎng)關。其他主機配置步驟類似。（網(wǎng)關默認為網(wǎng)絡的最后一個地址，即254）配置Router0Se及fa口命令行:Router>enRouter#conftRouter(config)#intfa0/0Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.1.254255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#noshutdownRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#intfa0/1Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.2.254255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#noshutdownRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#intse1/0Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.5.1255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#clockrate38400Router(config-if)#noshutdown配置Router1Se及fa口命令行:Router>enRouter#conftRouter(config)#intfa0/0Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.3.254255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#noshutdownRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#intse1/1Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.6.1255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#clockrate38400Router(config-if)#noshutdownRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#intse1/0Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.5.2255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#clockrate38400Router(config-if)#noshutdown配置Router2Se及fa口命令行:Router>enRouter#conftRouter(config)#intfa0/0Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.4.254255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#noshutdownRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#intse1/0Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.6.2255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#clockrate38400Router(config-if)#noshutdown靜態(tài)路由協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡配置根據(jù)路由協(xié)議必須為每個路由器配置路由表，當前路由器連接網(wǎng)絡不用配置，路由表的內(nèi)容為所連網(wǎng)絡到達目的網(wǎng)絡需要送到那個IP地址（Se口地址）Route0配置命令行代碼如下：Router>enRouter#showiproute配置前路由表信息：C192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/1C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0Router#conftRouter(config)#iproute192.168.3.0255.255.255.0192.168.5.2Router(config)#iproute192.168.4.0255.255.255.0192.168.5.2Router(config)#iproute192.168.6.0255.255.255.0192.168.5.2Router(config)#exitRouter#showiproute配置后路由表信息：C192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/1S192.168.3.0/24[1/0]via192.168.5.2S192.168.4.0/24[1/0]via192.168.5.2S192.168.6.0/24[1/0]via192.168.5.2C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0Route1配置命令行代碼如下：Router>enRouter#showiproute配置前路由表信息：C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/1Router#conftRouter(config)#iproute192.168.1.0255.255.255.0192.168.5.1Router(config)#iproute192.168.2.0255.255.255.0192.168.5.1Router(config)#iproute192.168.4.0255.255.255.0192.168.6.2Router(config)#exitRouter#showiproute配置后路由表信息：S192.168.1.0/24[1/0]via192.168.5.1S192.168.2.0/24[1/0]via192.168.5.1C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0S192.168.4.0/24[1/0]via192.168.6.2C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/1Route2配置命令行代碼如下：Router>enRouter#showiproute配置前路由表信息：C192.168.4.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0Router#conftRouter(config)#iproute192.168.1.0255.255.255.0192.168.6.1Router(config)#iproute192.168.2.0255.255.255.0192.168.6.1Router(config)#iproute192.168.3.0255.255.255.0192.168.6.1Router(config)#iproute192.168.5.0255.255.255.0192.168.6.1Router(config)#exit配置后路由表信息Router#showiprouteS192.168.1.0/24[1/0]via192.168.6.1S192.168.2.0/24[1/0]via192.168.6.1S192.168.3.0/24[1/0]via192.168.6.1S192.168.5.0/24[1/0]via192.168.6.1C192.168.4.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0配置完路由表后的PING測試結(jié)果：主機192.168.1.1PING192.168.4.1測試PacketTracerPCCommandLine1.0PC>ping192.168.4.1Pinging192.168.4.1with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Replyfrom192.168.4.1:bytes=32time=172msTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.4.1:bytes=32time=174msTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.4.1:bytes=32time=157msTTL=125Pingstatisticsfor192.168.4.1:Packets:Sent=4,Received=3,Lost=1(25%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=157ms,Maximum=174ms,Average=167ms主機192.168.1.1PING192.168.3.1測試PC>ping192.168.3.1Pinging192.168.3.1with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Replyfrom192.168.3.1:bytes=32time=141msTTL=126Replyfrom192.168.3.1:bytes=32time=156msTTL=126Replyfrom192.168.3.1:bytes=32time=140msTTL=126Pingstatisticsfor192.168.3.1:Packets:Sent=4,Received=3,Lost=1(25%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=140ms,Maximum=156ms,Average=145ms經(jīng)過測試發(fā)現(xiàn)局域網(wǎng)里已經(jīng)配置聯(lián)通，可以正常通信。

RIP由協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡配置配置Router0的RIP協(xié)議的命令行：Router>ENRouter#RIPRouter#conftRouter(config)#routerripRouter(config-router)#network192.168.1.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.2.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.5.0Router(config-router)#exitRouter(config)#exit由于配置第一路由器根據(jù)RIP工作原理，表中無RIP協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)，等其他臨近路由器配置完成后會根據(jù)算法自動添加。配置Router1的RIP協(xié)議的命令行：Router>enRouter#conftEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)#routerripRouter(config-router)#network192.168.5.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.3.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.6.0Router(config-router)#exitRouter(config)#exitRouter#showiproute配置后的路由表信息：R192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via192.168.5.1,00:00:01,Serial1/0R192.168.2.0/24[120/1]via192.168.5.1,00:00:01,Serial1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/1配置Router2的RIP協(xié)議的命令行：Router>enRouter#conftRouter(config)#routerripRouter(config-router)#network192.168.5.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.3.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.6.0Router(config-router)#exitRouter(config)#exitRouter#showiproute配置后的路由表信息：R192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via192.168.5.1,00:00:01,Serial1/0R192.168.2.0/24[120/1]via192.168.5.1,00:00:01,Serial1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/1配置完RIP后的PING測試結(jié)果：主機192.168.4.1PING192.168.1.1測試PC>ping192.168.1.1Pinging192.168.1.1with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time=172msTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time=172msTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time=172msTTL=125Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.1:Packets:Sent=4,Received=3,Lost=1(25%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=172ms,Maximum=172ms,Average=172ms主機192.168.4.1PING192.168.3.1測試PC>ping192.168.3.1Pinging192.168.3.1with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Replyfrom192.168.3.1:bytes=32time=141msTTL=126Replyfrom192.168.3.1:bytes=32time=109msTTL=126Replyfrom192.168.3.1:bytes=32time=109msTTL=126Pingstatisticsfor192.168.3.1:Packets:Sent=4,Received=3,Lost=1(25%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=109ms,Maximum=141ms,Average=119ms經(jīng)過測試發(fā)現(xiàn)局域網(wǎng)里已經(jīng)配置聯(lián)通，可以正常通信。

OSPF路由協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡配置配置Router0的OSPF協(xié)議的命令行：Router>enRouter#conftRouter(config)#routerospf1 Router(config-router)#network192.168.1.00.0.0.255area0Router(config-router)#network192.168.2.00.0.0.255area0Router(config-router)#network192.168.5.00.0.0.255area0Router(config-router)#exitRouter(config)#exitRouter#showiproute配置后路由表信息：由于配置第一路由器根據(jù)OSPF工作原理，表中無OSPF協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)，等其他臨近路由器配置完成后會根據(jù)算法自動添加。C192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/1C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0配置Router1的OSPF協(xié)議的命令行：Router>enRouter#conftRouter(config)#routerospf1Router(config-router)#network192.168.5.00.0.0.255area0Router(config-router)#network192.168.6.00.0.0.255area0Router(config-router)#network192.168.3.00.0.0.255area0Router(config-router)#exitRouter(config)#exitRouter#showiproute配置后路由表信息：O192.168.1.0/24[110/782]via192.168.5.1,00:01:58,Serial1/0O192.168.2.0/24[110/782]via192.168.5.1,00:01:58,Serial1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/1配置Router2的OSPF協(xié)議的命令行：Router>enRouter#showiproute配置前路由表信息：C192.168.4.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0Router#conftRouter(config)#routerospf1Router(config-router)#network192.168.4.00.0.0.255area0Router(config-router)#network192.168.6.00.0.0.255area0Router(config)#exitRouter#showiproute配置后路由表信息：O192.168.1.0/24[110/1563]via192.168.6.1,00:00:06,Serial1/0O192.168.2.0/24[110/1563]via192.168.6.1,00:00:06,Serial1/0O192.168.3.0/24[110/782]via192.168.6.1,00:00:06,Serial1/0C192.168.4.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0O192.1