操作系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版

操作系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告院系：信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院專業(yè)：計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)班級(jí)：學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：指導(dǎo)老師：進(jìn)程調(diào)度的模擬與內(nèi)存管理實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康脑诓捎枚嗟莱绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)中，往往有若干個(gè)進(jìn)程同時(shí)處在就緒狀態(tài)。當(dāng)就續(xù)進(jìn)程個(gè)數(shù)不小于解決器數(shù)時(shí)，就必須根據(jù)某種方略來(lái)決定哪些進(jìn)程優(yōu)先占用解決器。實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M實(shí)現(xiàn)解決機(jī)調(diào)度，以加深理解解決機(jī)調(diào)度的工作，并體會(huì)優(yōu)先級(jí)和時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法的具體實(shí)施辦法。協(xié)助理解在不同的存儲(chǔ)管理方式下，應(yīng)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)主存空間的分派和回收。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)規(guī)定1、可隨機(jī)輸入若干進(jìn)程，并按優(yōu)先權(quán)排序；2、從就緒隊(duì)首選進(jìn)程運(yùn)行：優(yōu)先權(quán)-1/規(guī)定運(yùn)行時(shí)間-1規(guī)定運(yùn)行時(shí)間=0時(shí)，撤銷該進(jìn)程3、重新排序，進(jìn)行下輪調(diào)度。4、可隨時(shí)增加進(jìn)程；5、規(guī)定道數(shù)，設(shè)立后備隊(duì)列和掛起狀態(tài)。若內(nèi)存中進(jìn)程少于規(guī)定道數(shù)，可自動(dòng)從后備隊(duì)列調(diào)度一作業(yè)進(jìn)入。被掛起進(jìn)程入掛起隊(duì)列，設(shè)立解掛功效用于將指定掛起進(jìn)程解掛入就緒隊(duì)列。6、每次調(diào)度后，顯示各進(jìn)程狀態(tài)。7、自行假設(shè)主存空間大小，預(yù)設(shè)操作系統(tǒng)所占大小并構(gòu)造未分分區(qū)表；表目?jī)?nèi)容：起址、長(zhǎng)度、狀態(tài)（未分/空表目）8、結(jié)合以上實(shí)驗(yàn)，PCB增加為：{PID，規(guī)定運(yùn)行時(shí)間，優(yōu)先權(quán)，狀態(tài)，所需主存大小，主存起始位置，PCB指針}9、采用最先適應(yīng)算法分派主存空間；10、進(jìn)程完畢后，回收主存，并與相鄰空閑分區(qū)合并。11、采用圖形界面；三、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容選擇一種調(diào)度算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)解決機(jī)調(diào)度。1、設(shè)計(jì)一種按優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度算法實(shí)現(xiàn)解決機(jī)調(diào)度的程序；2、設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)解決機(jī)調(diào)度的程序。3、主存儲(chǔ)器空間的分派和回收。在可變分區(qū)管理方式下，采用最先適應(yīng)算法實(shí)現(xiàn)主存空間的分派和回收。四、實(shí)驗(yàn)原理該模擬系統(tǒng)采用java語(yǔ)言實(shí)現(xiàn)，要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功效有新建進(jìn)程、進(jìn)程調(diào)度、掛起進(jìn)程、解掛進(jìn)程、刪除進(jìn)程，道數(shù)和時(shí)間片大小能夠由顧客自己調(diào)節(jié)，有兩種調(diào)度方略：按優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度和準(zhǔn)時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度。每個(gè)進(jìn)程可能有5種狀態(tài)：新建(new)、就緒(ready)、運(yùn)行(running)、阻塞(waiting)、掛起(suspend)。每個(gè)狀態(tài)都有一種隊(duì)列用來(lái)寄存處在該狀態(tài)的進(jìn)程，不同的調(diào)度方略采用不同的隊(duì)列實(shí)現(xiàn)。當(dāng)創(chuàng)立進(jìn)程時(shí)，如果內(nèi)存中的進(jìn)程數(shù)還沒達(dá)成規(guī)定道數(shù)，則將新建進(jìn)程插入就緒隊(duì)列，如果內(nèi)存中進(jìn)程數(shù)已經(jīng)達(dá)成規(guī)定道數(shù)，則插到后備隊(duì)列，后備隊(duì)列中的進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)為new。CPU每次調(diào)度時(shí)都從就緒隊(duì)列中取進(jìn)程，在進(jìn)程執(zhí)行過程中如果下一種操作時(shí)IO操作，則將進(jìn)程插入到waiting隊(duì)列。在系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過程中能夠執(zhí)行進(jìn)程掛起操作，但執(zhí)行的掛起操作時(shí)系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)暫停運(yùn)行，在彈出窗口選擇要掛起的進(jìn)程后，將選中的進(jìn)程從原來(lái)的隊(duì)列中刪除并插入到掛起隊(duì)列。進(jìn)行解掛操作時(shí)將選中的進(jìn)程從掛起隊(duì)列中刪除并插入該進(jìn)程原來(lái)所處的隊(duì)列。按優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度：當(dāng)選擇按優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度時(shí)，全部隊(duì)列都采用優(yōu)先隊(duì)列，優(yōu)先隊(duì)列采用一種有序鏈表實(shí)現(xiàn)，進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先權(quán)值越大代表優(yōu)先級(jí)越高，優(yōu)先隊(duì)列中的進(jìn)程按優(yōu)先權(quán)從大到小排列，當(dāng)新進(jìn)程插入時(shí)根據(jù)該進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先權(quán)插入到隊(duì)列中的適宜位置，插入后保持隊(duì)列按優(yōu)先權(quán)從大到小排列，如果新進(jìn)程與隊(duì)列中某個(gè)進(jìn)程優(yōu)先權(quán)值相等，則該新進(jìn)程插到那個(gè)進(jìn)程背面，以遵照先來(lái)先服務(wù)的規(guī)則。當(dāng)要從隊(duì)列中取出進(jìn)程時(shí)總是取隊(duì)列中第一種進(jìn)程，由于該進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先級(jí)最高。準(zhǔn)時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度：當(dāng)選擇準(zhǔn)時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度時(shí)，全部隊(duì)列都采用先進(jìn)先出隊(duì)列，先進(jìn)先出隊(duì)列采用一種普通單向鏈表實(shí)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)新進(jìn)程插入時(shí)插入到隊(duì)列的末尾，當(dāng)要取進(jìn)程時(shí)取隊(duì)首進(jìn)程，這樣就實(shí)現(xiàn)了先進(jìn)先出。內(nèi)存管理該實(shí)驗(yàn)基于實(shí)驗(yàn)一完畢，核心是內(nèi)存的分派和回收，在實(shí)驗(yàn)一的基礎(chǔ)上增加內(nèi)存管理部分，在新建進(jìn)程的時(shí)候增加一種輸入內(nèi)存大小的輸入框，在進(jìn)程進(jìn)入內(nèi)存時(shí)要分派內(nèi)存，在進(jìn)程銷毀時(shí)要回收內(nèi)存，如果進(jìn)入內(nèi)存時(shí)內(nèi)存局限性，則將進(jìn)程插入到后備隊(duì)列等待下次調(diào)度。系統(tǒng)維護(hù)一種內(nèi)存表，每個(gè)表項(xiàng)代表一種空間，每個(gè)空間保存了該空間的起始地址和空間大小以及空間使用狀態(tài)。初始時(shí)只有一種空間，當(dāng)CPU啟動(dòng)時(shí)要分派內(nèi)存，內(nèi)存分派采用最先適應(yīng)算法?；厥諆?nèi)存時(shí)如果有相鄰空閑空間，則要進(jìn)行空閑空間合并。五、部分源程序publicclassdata{privateStringname;//進(jìn)程的名字privateinttime;//規(guī)定的時(shí)間總和privateintpriority;//進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先權(quán),值越大優(yōu)先級(jí)越高privateStringstate;//進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)privateintstart;privateintlength;//進(jìn)程所占的內(nèi)存空間privateintisIn;//進(jìn)程所需內(nèi)存大小進(jìn)程各項(xiàng)變量的初始化publicvoidsetName(Stringname){=name;}publicvoidsetPriority(intpriority){this.priority=priority;}publicvoidsetState(Stringstate){this.state=state;}publicStringgetName(){return();}publicintgetPriority(){return(this.priority);}publicStringgetState(){return(this.state);}publicvoidsetTime(inttime){this.time=time;}publicintgetTime(){return(this.time);}publicvoidsetLength(intlength){this.length=length;}publicintgetLength(){return(this.length);}publicvoidsetStart(intstart){this.start=start;}publicintgetStart(){return(this.start);}publicvoidsetIsIn(intisIn){this.isIn=isIn;}publicintgetIsIn(){return(this.isIn);}刪除列表中第幾個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)publicvoidupdate(ArrayList<Data>list,intnum){sList.clear();for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){if(i!=num){sList.add(list.get(i));}}list.clear();for(inti=0;i<sList.size();i++){list.add(sList.get(i));}}publicvoidupdate1(ArrayList<Data_Memory>list,intnum){sList1.clear();for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){if(i!=num){sList1.add(list.get(i));}}list.clear();for(inti=0;i<sList1.size();i++){list.add(sList1.get(i));}}放入內(nèi)存publicvoidputInMemory(){if(runningList.size()>0){ if(runningList.get(0).getIsIn()==0) { for(inti=0;i<unAssignList.size();i++) { if(unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()>=runningList.get(0).getLength()) { runningList.get(0).setStart(unAssignList.get(i).getBase()); runningList.get(0).setIsIn(1); if(unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()==runningList.get(0).getLength()) { update1(unAssignList,i); } else { unAssignList.get(i).setBase(unAssignList.get(i).getBase()+runningList.get(0).getLength()); unAssignList.get(i).setLimit(unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()-runningList.get(0).getLength()); } break; } } }}if(readyList.size()>0){ for(intj=0;j<readyList.size();j++) { if(readyList.get(j).getIsIn()==0) { for(inti=0;i<unAssignList.size();i++) { if(unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()>=readyList.get(j).getLength()) { readyList.get(j).setStart(unAssignList.get(i).getBase()); readyList.get(j).setIsIn(1); if(unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()==readyList.get(j).getLength()) { update1(unAssignList,i); } else { unAssignList.get(i).setBase(unAssignList.get(i).getBase()+readyList.get(j).getLength()); unAssignList.get(i).setLimit(unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()-readyList.get(j).getLength()); } break; } } } }}}移除內(nèi)存publicvoidputOutMemory(ArrayList<Data>list,intnum){list.get(num).setIsIn(0);booleanflag1=false;booleanflag2=false;for(inti=0;i<unAssignList.size();i++){ if(unAssignList.get(i).getBase()==(list.get(num).getLength()+list.get(num).getStart())) { unAssignList.get(i).setBase(list.get(num).getStart()); unAssignList.get(i).setLimit(list.get(num).getLength()+unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()); flag1=true; break; }}for(inti=0;i<unAssignList.size();i++){ if((unAssignList.get(i).getBase()+unAssignList.get(i).getLimit())==list.get(num).getStart()) { if(!flag1) { unAssignList.get(i).setLimit(list.get(num).getLength()+unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()); flag2=true; break; } else { unAssignList.get(i).setLimit(unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()+unAssignList.get(i+1).getLimit()); update1(unAssignList,i+1); } }}if(flag1||flag2){}else{ inti=0; while(unAssignList.get(i).getBase()<list.get(num).getStart()) { i++; } Data_Memorydata=newData_Memory(); data.setBase(list.get(num).getStart()); data.setLimit(list.get(num).getLength()); sList1.clear(); for(intj=0;j<i;j++) { sList1.add(unAssignList.get(j)); } sList1.add(data); for(intj=i;j<unAssignList.size();j++) { sList1.add(unAssignList.get(j)); } unAssignList.clear(); for(intj=0;j<sList1.size();j++) { unAssignList.add(sList1.get(j)); } }}對(duì)內(nèi)存管理調(diào)度的操作privateclassMyRendererextendsDefaultListCellRenderer{publicComponentgetListCellRendererComponent(JListlist,Objectvalue,intindex,booleanisSelected,booleancellHasFocus){ super.getListCellRendererComponent(list,value,index,isSelected,cellHasFocus); setBackground(Color.gray); for(inti=0;i<unAssignList.size();i++) { for(intj=unAssignList.get(i).getBase()+6;j<unAssignList.get(i).getLimit()+unAssignList.get(i).getBase()+6;j++) { if(index==j) { setBackground(Color.white);//當(dāng)沒有內(nèi)容變?yōu)榘咨? } } } returnthis;}}publicvoidtimeManager(){//去掉time==0的，從waiting隊(duì)列加入新的進(jìn)程，排序,調(diào)節(jié)waitingList加入runningLIst//去掉time==0的if(runningList.size()>0)if(runningList.get(0).getTime()==0)runningList.clear();sList.clear();for(inti=0;i<readyList.size();i++){if(readyList.get(i).getTime()>0){sList.add(readyList.get(i));}}readyList.clear();for(inti=0;i<sList.size();i++){readyList.add(sList.get(i));readyList.get(i).setState("ready");}//從waiting隊(duì)列加入新的進(jìn)程intj=0;intm=readyList.size();for(;m<6&&j<waitingList.size();m++,j++){readyList.add(waitingList.get(j));readyList.get(m).setState("ready");}// sort(readyList);//調(diào)節(jié)waitingListsList.clear();for(inti=j;i<waitingList.size();i++){sList.add(waitingList.get(i)); }waitingList.clear();for(inti=0;i<sList.size();i++){waitingList.add(sList.get(i));}//加入runningLIstif(runningList.size()==0){if(readyList.size()>0){runningList.add(readyList.get(0));runningList.get(0).setState("running");update(readyList,0);if(waitingList.size()>0){readyList.add(waitingList.get(0));readyList.get(5).setState("ready");}update(waitingList,0);}}else//if(runningList.size()>0){if(readyList.size()>0){readyList.add(runningList.get(0));runningList.clear();readyList.get(0).setState("running");readyList.get(readyList.size()-1).setState("ready");runningList.add(readyList.get(0));update(readyList,0);}}putInMemory();sub();display();jtf1.grabFocus();}publicvoidPManager(){ if(runningList.size()>0) if(runningList.get(0).getTime()==0) runningList.clear(); sList.clear(); for(inti=0;i<readyList.size();i++) { if(readyList.get(i).getTime()>0) { sList.add(readyList.get(i)); } } readyList.clear(); for(inti=0;i<sList.size();i++) { readyList.add(sList.get(i)); readyList.get(i).setState("ready"); } intj=0; intm=readyList.size(); for(;m<6&&j<waitingList.size();m++,j++) { readyList.add(waitingList.get(getFirstW(waitingList)-1)); readyList.get(m).setState("ready"); update(waitingList,getFirstW(waitingList)-1); } //調(diào)節(jié)waitingList //加入runningLIst if(runningList.size()==0) { if(readyList.size()>0) { runningList.add(readyList.get(getFirstW(readyList)-1)); runningList.get(0).setState("running"); update(readyList,getFirstW(readyList)-1); if(waitingList.size()>0) { readyList.add(waitingList.get(getFirstW(waitingList)-1)); readyList.get(readyList.size()-1).setState("ready"); } update(waitingList,getFirstW(waitingList)-1); } } else { if(readyList.size()>0) { booleanflag=false; inta=runningList.get(0).getPriority(); intb