過去分詞課件

1.作定語2.作表語4.作狀語3.作賓補過去分詞第1頁/共54頁作定語用的過去分詞相當于形容詞，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞。及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，既表被動又表完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，只表完成。過去分詞用作定語，如果是單個的，常置于其所修飾的名詞之前。

Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.

我們必須使我們的思想適應改變了的情況。

過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語—位置第2頁/共54頁用作定語的過去分詞多表示已完成的動作，但有時其所表示的動作卻尚未完成或有待于將來完成。Theworkersdemandincreasedwages.

工人要求增加工資。過去分詞短語用作定語時，一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當于一個定語從句，但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中。

Theconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.他們朋友舉行的音樂會大為成功。

過去分詞作定語第3頁/共54頁過去分詞作定語過去分詞短語有時也可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號。

Themeeting,attendedbyoverfivethousandpeople,welcomedthegreathero.

他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會，到會的有五千多人。用來修飾人的過去分詞有時可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物，這種過去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人，但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關。

Theboylookedupwithapleasedexpression.

那男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視。第4頁/共54頁過去分詞作定語一般來說，用作定語的過去分詞短語所表示的時間應與句中的謂語動詞一致，但有時則可能表示不同的時間。

Theonlycarrepairedbythemechanicismine.

這句中的

repaired可能是

thatisbeingrepaired,但也可能是

thatisrepaired,thatwillberepaired,thatwasbeingrepaired或

thatwasrepaired。當然，其確切意義一般可由上下文確定。第5頁/共54頁過去分詞作表語及物動詞的過去分詞作表語，與句子主語是被動關系，表示主語的狀態(tài)，既表示被動，又表示完成。

Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了。

不及物動詞的過去分詞作表語，與句子主語是主動關系，表示主語的狀態(tài)，只表示動作的完成。

Thestickisburnt.木棒燃燒過了。第6頁/共54頁過去分詞作表語注意過去分詞作表語與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語，主要是表示主語的狀態(tài)，而被動語態(tài)則表示動作。

Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.

茶杯是昨天我小妹妹打碎的。

Thelibraryisnowclosed.

圖書館關門了。被動語態(tài)，表示動作過去分詞作表語第7頁/共54頁過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語與-ing形式作表語的區(qū)別：過去分詞表示被動或完成，-ing形式表示主動或進行。有些動詞如interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其過去分詞形式來修飾人，用-ing形式來修飾物。

ThebookisinterestingandI'minterestedinit.

這本書很有趣，我對它很感興趣。

第8頁/共54頁現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞區(qū)別1.語態(tài)上現(xiàn)在分詞:表示主動的動作過去分詞:表示被動的動作2.時間上現(xiàn)在分詞:表示正在進行的動作過去分詞:表示完成的意思Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor.Iheardthedooropened.

thefallingleavesthefallenleaves

boilingwater

boiledwater

therisingsuntherisensun第9頁/共54頁3.現(xiàn)在分詞表示它所修飾的名詞或句子主語的特征、特性。過去分詞表示它所修飾的名詞或句子主語的心理感受或狀態(tài)。

amovingfilmamovedaudienceThenewsisexciting.Wewereexcitedtohearit.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞區(qū)別第10頁/共54頁什么是賓語補足語？英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語以外，還要有一個賓語補足語，才能使句子的意義完整。這類常用的及物動詞有：make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,letetc.Ex.Wethinkhim

clever.Whathesaidmademe

angry.Weconsidertheanswer

correct.Everyonecallshim

Tom.(賓語)(賓補)第11頁/共54頁賓語補足語的表現(xiàn)形式：帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等）+直接賓語（名詞或代詞）+賓語補足語第12頁/共54頁賓語補足語的9種表示法：HisfathernamedhimDoming.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.4.Wesawherenteringtheroom.(名詞)(形容詞)（不定式）（不定式短語）(現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語)第13頁/共54頁5.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.

6.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.7.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.

8.Letthefreshairin.9.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.(過去分詞)（用as引出）（介詞短語）（副詞）(從句)第14頁/共54頁1.過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示其動作已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束。能用賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動詞，表示被動意義或已完成的意義，有時候兩者兼而有之。作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動賓關系，即賓語是過去分詞動作的對象。E.g.Afterwakingup,Ifoundeveryonegone.Thespeakerraisedhervoicetomakeherselfheard.Theyfoundtheirnewbikesstolen.過去分詞作賓語補足語第15頁/共54頁過去分詞不僅可以作動詞賓語的補足語，還可以作介詞賓語的補足語：E.g.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback,Withthehomeworkfinished,hewasallowedtowatchthefootballmatch.過去分詞作賓語補足語第16頁/共54頁過去分詞用在表示狀態(tài)的動詞keep，leave等的后面。Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.2.過去分詞用在使役動詞have,make的后面。（1）注意”have+賓語+過去分詞”的兩種用法：①表示讓某人做某事，如：Ihavehadmybikerepaired.Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.過去分詞作賓語補足語第17頁/共54頁②表示“遭遇到某種不幸；受到打擊”等。如：Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.Theoldmanhadhiswristbrokenintheaccident.(2)”make+賓語+過去分詞”，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞的動詞必須是表示結(jié)果含義的，如：

Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodusingverysimpleEnglish.過去分詞作賓語補足語第18頁/共54頁3.過去分詞用在感官動詞watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find

等的后面

當我們到學校時，我們看見門鎖著。

Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.我們可以聽到大雨點敲打窗戶的聲音。Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.過去分詞作賓語補足語第19頁/共54頁4.過去分詞用在want,wish,like,expect,order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”這一類動詞的后面作賓語補足語。Theteacherwouldn’tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.老師不想此刻討論這個問題。過去分詞作賓語補足語第20頁/共54頁我想要這套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.我父母希望我好好準備入學考試。

Myparentsexpectedmetobewell-preparedfortheentranceexamination.過去分詞作賓語補足語第21頁/共54頁5.過去分詞用在“wish+賓語＋賓補”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關系。小偷被帶進來了，雙手被綁在后面。Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.周圍種了許多色彩鮮艷的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花園。

Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.過去分詞作賓語補足語第22頁/共54頁Isawhimtakeawaythedictionaryjustnow.

(拿走了那本字典)Isawhimtakingawaythedictionaryonthedesk.

(正在拿那本字典)Isawthedictionarytakenawaybyachild.

(字典被拿走了)(to)do動作全過程已結(jié)束v-ing動作正在進行pp.表被動完成(to)do/V-ing/pp.作賓補的區(qū)別第23頁/共54頁過去分詞作狀語，一是表被動的動作，二是表動作已經(jīng)完成。通常作如下幾種狀語：1.Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seenfromthehill1.時間狀語,

可在過去分詞前加上連詞when,while,until等.2.Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.Untilspokento過去分詞作狀語第24頁/共54頁2.原因狀語1.Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords2.Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened過去分詞作狀語第25頁/共54頁3.條件狀語1.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime2.Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapour.Heatedtoahightemperature過去分詞作狀語第26頁/共54頁4.讓步狀語1.Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.Thoughwarnedofthestorm2.EvenifI’minvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.Evenifinvited過去分詞作狀語第27頁/共54頁5.方式、伴隨狀語1.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Followedbyagroupofstudents2.Themanagerheldhisheadhigh,hewalkedintotheroom.Holdinghisheadhigh過去分詞作狀語第28頁/共54頁Whenhewasaskedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegantocry.IfIamgivenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.Becausehewasbornandbroughtupinthevillage,heknowsalotofpeoplethere.Whenaskedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegantocry.Givenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.Bornandbroughtupinthevillage,heknowsalotofpeoplethere.(時間)(條件)(原因)過去分詞作狀語第29頁/共54頁4.Althoughtheyhadbeendefeatedmanytimes,theycontinuedtofight.5.Theteacherstoodthereandwassurroundedbythestudents.Althoughdefeatedmanytimes,theycontinuedtofight.Theteacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents.(讓步)(伴隨)過去分詞作狀語第30頁/共54頁注意:用分詞短語作狀語時,它邏輯上的主語要與句子的主語保持一致,否則分詞短語就要有自己的邏輯主語,這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu).1.Alloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.2.Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.過去分詞作狀語第31頁/共54頁用所給單詞的正確形式填空Whathehadsaidmademe________.（surprise）Therewasaterriblenoise_______thesuddenburstoflight.(follow)Myglassesarebroken.I’llhavetogetthem________.(repair)Withherfinger_______tothebrokenvase,mymotheraskedme,“Whodidthat?”(point)Thedoctorwarnedhim________onlyfoodaftertheoperation.(noteat)Practicesurprisedfollowingrepairedpointingnottoeat第32頁/共54頁Practice1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying√2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettle D.beingsettled√第33頁/共54頁3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrase____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known√4.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage

tothedoor

“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”A.pin,readB.pinning,readingC.pinned,readingD.pinned,read√第34頁/共54頁5、Aboy

Jackwonthegame.Aboy

himselfJackwonthegame.A.callingB.calledA6、Mostoftheartists

tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvitedA7、Thefirsttextbooks

forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.writtenDB第35頁/共54頁8、Whoistheman

toyourfatherjustnow?Whoistheman

tojustnow?A.speakingB.spoken9、Thebuilding

lastyearisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding

nowisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding

nextmonthisseventymetershigh.A.builtB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltABABC第36頁/共54頁10、Anagreement

tomorrowwilldogoodtoeveryoneofus.A.tobesignedB.beingsignedC.signed11、Theplan

forthetripbyourteachernextweekisveryimportant.A.madeB.tobemadeC.beingmade

12、TheOlympicgames,

in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplayingABC第37頁/共54頁13、Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay14、AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed15、Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheshipwasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseatingCAC第38頁/共54頁16.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.carryout B.carryingC.carriedout D.tocarryout17.Mrs.Brownwasverydisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad___wentwrongagain.it B.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepairedCC第39頁/共54頁18.Inthepastfewyears,wehavehadthousandsoftrees____aroundoutschool.A.plantB.plantedc.plantingD.beingplanted19.Isthistherecorderyouwant____?tohaverepairedB.torepairedC.tohaveitrepairedD.itrepaired20.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell____careof.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.takingBAC第40頁/共54頁21.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade___tothepublicuntillastThursday.knowingBknownC.toknowD.tobeknown22.Hefoundthem____attable___.sat;toplaychessB.sitting;toplaychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechessBC第41頁/共54頁23.Icanmakeyou___whatIsay,butyoucan’tmakeyourself____inEnglish.understand;understandB.understand;understoodC.tounderstand;understandD.understand;tobeunderstoodB第42頁/共54頁24.Thegirlaskedhimnottoleavethedoor_____.A.tocloseB.closedC.tobeclosedD.closing25.IhaveoftenheardtheABCsong____,butIhaveneverheardAlice____it.A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sangC.sung;singD.sang;singingBC第43頁/共54頁26.Helenhadtoshout____abovethesoundthemusic.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard.27.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents__________.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worryDA第44頁/共54頁28.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout29.Itiswisetohavesomemoney______foroldage.putawayB.keptupC.givenawayD.laidupCA第45頁/共54頁30.____someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowed31.Therewasaterriblenoise___thesuddenburstoflight.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedBB第46頁/共54頁32.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed,dead.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying33.IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.sailB.sailingC.tosailD.tohavesailedAB第47頁/共54頁34.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived35.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.addedCC第48頁/共54頁36.Don’tgetyouschedule___,staywithusinthisclass.tochangeB.changingC.changedD.change37.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeCA第49頁/共54頁38.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetied