Unit 1 People of Achievement Reading and Thinking 課件-2023-2024學(xué)年高二英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊

PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTTUYOUYOUAWARDEDNOBELPRIZEReadingandThinkingWhatkindofpeoplearepeopleofachievement？Whatishis/hername?Whatdidhe/sheinventordiscover?Whendidhe/sheinvent/discoverit?Name:____________________Nationality:_______________Major:___________________Inventions/discovers:__________________Whendidtheyinvent/discover:__________QianXuesenChinesePhysicsChineseatombombIn1964GreatscientistsName:____________________Nationality:_______________Major:___________________Inventions/discovers:________________Whendidtheyinvent/discover:___________YuanLongpingChineseAgriculturehybridriceIn1970Name:____________________Nationality:_______________Major:___________________Inventions/discovers:_______________Whendidtheyinvent/discover:__________MarieCuriePolishPhysicsradioactivityIn1898Name:____________________Nationality:_______________Major:___________________Inventions/discovers:________________Whendidtheyinvent/discover:_________AlbertEinsteinGerman/AmericanMathematicalPhysicsrelativityIn1905Trytobecomenotamanofsuccess,buttryrathertobecomeamanofvalue.

——AlbertEinsteinHowdoyouunderstandit?WhatdoesEinsteinmeanby“amanofvalue”?努力不是為了功成名就，而是為了成為有價(jià)值的人。Whoisthewomaninthephoto?ThisisTuYouyou.SheisascientistfromChina.Whatishappeninginthisphoto?Inthisphoto,TuYouyouisbeingawardedtheNobelPrize.1Whatkindofpersonmakesgreatdiscoveries?2Whichismoreimportantformakingagreatdiscovery,talentoreffort?P.2Mostgreatdiscoverersarebrilliantandhard-working.Manyareperfectionistswhoareunwillingtoacceptanythingbutthebest.Ithinkbothtalentandeffortareimportantformakingdiscoveries.Ifapersondoesn'thavesometalent,itispossiblethateventhoughheorsheworkshard,itwillbedifficulttosucceed.Ontheotherhand,people—eventhosewithgreattalent—rarelyachieveanythingwithoutputtinginefforts.WhatdoyouknowaboutTuYouyou?ScanthetextandfinddescriptivewordsaboutTuYouyou.Finddescriptivewords:Payattentiontothedescriptivewordsinapassage.Thesewillhelpyouformabetterimpressionofthesubjectdescribedinthepassage.committedpatientWherewouldyoumostlikelyfindthispassage?Inanewspapertitledatethelead

導(dǎo)語theillustrations插圖2.Passageslikethisaremostoften

writtenin_____and_______?A.theactivevoice/offermanyopinionsB.thefirstperson/talkaboutfeelingsC.bothactiveandpassivevoices/mostly

containfactscontent:moreobjective,accurateandconvincingReadfortextfeaturesInvertedpyramid(倒金字塔)01Who-What-When-Where-Why-HowThisshouldallbeincludedinthefirstparagraphandincludethedateandlocation.Lead(5W1H)02Thisiswhereyoulistthesecondmostimportantinformation.Gointomoredetailsabouttheevent,product,humanintereststory,orasecondquote.BodyLesserdetails.03End——themostimportanttotheleastimportantnamepicturereporterdateheadlineLeadBodyEndStructureThestructureofanewsreportThisyear's

NobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTUYouyou(Co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives,andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.Whatdothenumberssuggest?goodeffectsofartemisininwhenwhatwhowhyCircleallthenumbers.Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTUYouyou(Co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives,andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.1.Listenandcircleallthenumbers;2.Findtwoadjectivesdescribingthediscoveryofartemisinin.Whatdothenumberssuggest?importanteffectsofartemisinin;howdeadlymalariaisPara1tried_________________________

__________________________but_____________________________Tu’steamexamined

___________________________,andevaluated_____________________________________over2,000old280,000medicaltextsplantsfortheirmedicalproperties.Theydiscoveredandtested_________________________________________380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsfoundonemedicaltextsuggesting_______________________________________________________tested

___________________________acollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffectandusingtheliquidobtainedfromitthisdidn’tworkeither.boilingfreshwormwooduseda_______________________________thesweetwormwoodextract.lowertemperature

todrawouttestedthemedicine_____________toseeifsafe.

onthemselvestestedthemedicineon_____________.

malariapatientsThemedicinebecame__________________formalaria.astandardtreatmetPara2&3usingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.

Whatwasthekeytogettingagoodextractfromthewormwood?temperatureWhatdothenumberssuggest?Para.3:“Afterfailingmorethan190

times,theteamfinallysucceeded....”Showthehardnessofthemission&the

greateffortsTu'steammadePara2&3Completetheflowchart.Thentellthestoryofhowartemisininwasdiscovered.TuYouyou'steamexamined______________________________,andevaluate_________________________________________.over2,000oldmedicaltexts280,000plantsfortheirmedicalpropertiesTheyfoundamedicaltextsuggesting____________________________________________________.usingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafeverTheytested____________________________________________.acollectionofdriedwormwoodleaves,butfailedTheytried________________________________________________,but_____.boilingfreshwormwoodandusingtheliquidobtainedfailedTheyuseda___________________________thesweetwormwoodextract.lowertemperaturetodrawoutTheytestedthemedicine______________toseeifsafe.onthemselvesTheytestedthemedicineon________________.malariapatientsThemedicinebecame___________________formalaria.astandardtreatmentAccordingtoTuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme,andallthepeopleofmycountry.ThissuccessprovesthegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicine.

ItisindeedanhonourforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.”Para4Whatcanyouinferformthelastsentence?WhatkindofpersonisTuYouyouaccordingtoherquote？thinkslittleoffame(名聲)andmoneyselflesscooperativemodest（謙虛的）Readforstructure&mainideaThenewsstorymainlytalksaboutTuYouyou'sachievements

andhowshe

discoveredtheartemisinin

whichsaveslotsofpeopleworldwide.StructurePara4:Thenews

thatTuYouyou__________________andthe__________

ofdiscoveringartemisinin.Tu’slife____________

andtheresearch

process

of______________________.Tu’s____________totheawardwinstheNobelPrizeimportanceexperiencediscoveringartemisininPara1:

Para2&3:attitudevtalenteddevotedselflesscommitteddiligentpersistent堅(jiān)持不懈的courageousintelligentUsedescriptivewordstodescibeTuandfindsupportingevidence.hardworkingresponsiblecooperativemodestadventurousdeterminedfearless無畏的...greatremarkableoutstandingextraordinaryTuYouyouisa______(adj.)personas_____________________QualitiesSupportingevidencehardworkingpatientHerteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.

TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.selfless/devoted/committed

1.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteamfinally

succeededin1971.persistent/thespiritofnever-give-up

1.Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademy

ofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.2.TuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.

In

1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijingexcellent/extrordinary/professional/hardworking/talented

Furtherthinking3.Whichtwopiecesofinformationwere

notincludedinthepassage?A.AquotefromTuYouyouB.Thedetailsofhowartmisininwasdiscovered.C.TuYouyou’simportantcontributionsotherthanthediscoveryofartmisinin.D.TuYouyou’spersonallife.E.TuYouyou’sroadtodiscoveringartmisninin.F.WhatTuYouyouwasawarded?G.Whyartmisininisanimportantdiscovery.Para.4Para.3Para.2&3Para.1Para.1Skimming:skimthepassageandanswerthequestion.

P.34Readthetextagainandanswerthequestions.1Whyisthediscoveryofartemisininimportant?2Whatwasthekeytogettingagoodextractfromthewormwood?3Whatnumbersarementionedinthetext?Whatdotheysuggest?4WhyisTuYouyouconsideredagreatperson?

Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflivesandhasimprovedthehealthformillionsofpeople.Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract.

200million;600,000;100,000;2,000;280,000;380;190Thesenumberssuggestthreethings:howbigahealthproblemmalariais,howmuchtimeTuYouyouspentinlookingforapossiblenewtreatmentformalaria,andhowpatientandpersistentTuYouyouandherteamweretotacklethedisease.

Sheisconsideredagreatpersonbecausethroughhereffortsmanyliveshavebeensaved.Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para1Para4Para2Para3WhatTuYouyouwasawardedTuYouyou’sroadofdiscoveringtheartemisininThedetailsofhowartemisininwasdiscoveredTuYouyou’sattitudetohonouranewsreportTitle:TuYouyouawardedtheNobelPrizeIntroduction(Para.1)Body(Para2-3)Conclusion(Para4)who,when,what,whyHowtofindtheartemisininTuYouyou’sattitudetohonourWhatdoyouthinkcontributestothediscoveryofartemisinin?theteameffort/cooperationprofessionalknowledgeofTuandotherexcellentscientiststhegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesecultureThisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine

hasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives,and

hasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.Artemisininhasbecome

avitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.先行詞，人

，在從句中做定語+名詞本年度的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)已授予屠呦呦(得主之一)。她的研究使青蒿素這種至關(guān)重要的新型抗瘧疾藥物得以發(fā)現(xiàn)。have/hasdone已經(jīng)拯救了成千上萬的leadto導(dǎo)致atreatmentfor…的治療方法死于已成為be+done表被動(dòng)，被認(rèn)為諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的部分Para1翻譯：今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦(共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，她的研究促使了青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)。這是一種至關(guān)重要的治療瘧疾的新療法。青蒿素挽救了數(shù)十萬人的生命，并改善了數(shù)百萬人的健康狀況。全世界每年有超過2億人罹患瘧疾，約60萬人死于瘧疾。青蒿素已成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分，據(jù)認(rèn)為僅在非洲一年就能挽救10萬人的生命。TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,wasbornin

Ningbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.一個(gè)堅(jiān)定有耐心的科學(xué)家bebornin+地點(diǎn)，出生于畢業(yè)于；從...畢業(yè)withtheobjectiveof以……為目標(biāo)被選的，過去分詞做后置定語Para2翻譯：屠呦呦是一位堅(jiān)定而耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。畢業(yè)后，她在北京的中國中醫(yī)研究院工作。1967年，中國政府組建了一支以探索治療瘧疾新方法為目的的科學(xué)家隊(duì)伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入選的研究人員。Inthebeginning，TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltexts

tofind

traditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthedisease.Herteamexaminedover

2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated

280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.一開始先行詞表地點(diǎn)，在where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句作狀語，屠呦呦奔赴瘧疾更為常見的海南去研究瘧疾患者項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)動(dòng)詞不定式表目的傳統(tǒng)植物療法研讀評(píng)估藥理性發(fā)現(xiàn)并測試了

先行詞，treatment，that做主語引導(dǎo)定語從句，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測試了380種不同的有望戰(zhàn)勝瘧疾的古代中醫(yī)療法Para2翻譯：在開始的時(shí)候，屠呦呦去了海南研究瘧疾患者，在那里瘧疾較為普遍。1969年，她成為北京項(xiàng)目的負(fù)責(zé)人，并決定復(fù)閱中國古代醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，尋找這種疾病的傳統(tǒng)植物療法。她的團(tuán)隊(duì)查閱了2000多本古老的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，并對(duì)280000種植物的藥用價(jià)值進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。在他們的研究中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測試了380種不同的中國古代療法，這些方法為抗擊瘧疾帶來了希望。Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggestedusing

theextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Tu’steamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffect.Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthis

totreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.

suggestdoingsth建議做某事青蒿提取物一批；一組干青蒿葉trydoingsth嘗試做某事水煮青蒿葉過去分詞做后置定語動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語起作用翻譯：一本四世紀(jì)的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)推薦使用青蒿提取物來治療發(fā)燒。屠呦呦的團(tuán)隊(duì)測試了一批干青蒿，但沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)效果。然后，他們試著把新鮮的青蒿煮沸，并用從中提取的液體來治療瘧疾，但這也不起作用。Theirprojectgotstuck.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.Sheanalysedthemedicaltextsagain,andbychance,shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefoundasubstancethatworked.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971.陷入僵局認(rèn)輸偶然地=byaccidentV-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語conclude謂語動(dòng)詞+that賓語從句認(rèn)為水煮青蒿顯然破壞了它的藥學(xué)屬性V-ing做狀語，use和she是主動(dòng)關(guān)系substance做先行詞，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種有效物質(zhì)。翻譯：他們的項(xiàng)目陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦并不承認(rèn)失敗。她再次分析了一遍醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，偶然間，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一句話，建議用另一種方法來處理青蒿。她得出結(jié)論，煮青蒿顯然破壞了它的藥用價(jià)值。她用較低的溫度提取提取物，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種有效的物質(zhì)。在失敗了190多次之后，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)終于在1971年成功了。TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.Later,themedicinewastestedon

malariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Thismedicine，whichwascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.makesure確保，動(dòng)詞短語+that賓語從句先行詞malariapatients，介詞+which引導(dǎo)的定語從句which引導(dǎo)的非限。先行詞為medicine，在從句中做主語翻譯：屠呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持在自己身上測試藥物，以確保它是安全的。后來，這種藥物在瘧疾患者身上進(jìn)行了測試，大部分受試患者都康復(fù)了。這種被稱為青蒿素的藥物很快成為治療瘧疾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)藥物。AccordingtoTuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme,andallthepeopleofmycountry.ThissuccessprovesthegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.”一聽到...一聽到...adv確實(shí)是翻譯：依屠呦呦所說，青萵素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的成果。當(dāng)聽到自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說:“這個(gè)榮譽(yù)不只屬于我。我身后有一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，還有祖國的所有人民。這一成功證明了中藥的巨大價(jià)值。中國的科學(xué)研究和中藥能夠在全世界傳播，確實(shí)是一種榮譽(yù)。UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine...”獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說：“這個(gè)榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我……”

【分析】“介詞upon+動(dòng)詞-ing形式”構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作時(shí)間狀語。upon一……就……egUpon

receivingaphonecallfromhiswifesayingshehadafall,Mr.Greenimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.一接到妻子的電話說她摔了一跤，格林先生就立即從辦公室趕回家了?！军c(diǎn)撥】upon還可換作介詞on，表示一件事緊接著另一件事而發(fā)生。這種用法常見于正式的文體，依據(jù)語境，可譯作“在…的時(shí)候；當(dāng)……時(shí)；一……就……”。egOn

arrivingatthestadium,theathletesbegantoworkout.