人教新課標(biāo)七年級上冊英語音標(biāo)教學(xué)

七年級英語音標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)〔一〕音素和國際音標(biāo)什么是音素：音素是語音的最小單位。音素的分類：元音和輔音。4820個(gè)，輔音音素28個(gè)。什么是音標(biāo)：記錄音素的符號(hào)叫做音標(biāo)。什么是國際音標(biāo)：國際音標(biāo)是由國際語音協(xié)會(huì)規(guī)定的一套音標(biāo)，用來記錄世界各主要語言的語音。元音和輔音的定義：1〕發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振動(dòng)，呼出的氣流通過口腔時(shí)不受阻礙，這樣形成的語音稱為元音。2〕不管聲帶振動(dòng)與否，發(fā)音時(shí)呼出的氣流通過口腔或鼻腔時(shí)受到肯定的阻礙，這樣形成的語音稱為輔音。發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)的輔音稱為清輔音。發(fā)音聲帶振動(dòng)的輔音稱為濁輔音。Lesson1元音/i:/ /i/ /3:/ /?/學(xué)習(xí)一/i:/：長元音，嘴唇微微張開，舌尖抵下齒，舌前部盡力向前抬起，嘴角向兩m發(fā)音一樣。例句：Canyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield?/i:]/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合e ea e:me be she he we eveningee:sweetbee sweepsheepseesleepthree greenea:meatleaf seapeateach eat clean二/i/短元音嘴唇微微張開，舌尖抵下齒，舌前部微微抬高，嘴唇扁平Whatisit?Itisaticket./i/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合i e y ey i:pig fish in fifteen six ship thine:begin behind jacket basketbally:happy heavy busy carrysunny lovely study twenty thirtywindyrainyey:monkey moneyay:Sunday Saturday Friday三/3:/：長元音，嘴唇扁平，上下齒微開，舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起。例句：Thenursesawaturtleonherpurplecurtain.(窗簾)/3:/erirurearorer:herservetermir:birdgirlskirt firstdirtyskirtshirtur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtainear:earlylearnor:wordworkworld四/?/舌上抬，唇成自然狀態(tài)，口半開半閉，發(fā)“厄”之短音。例句：Tedhasaneggandsomebreadandgoestobed/?/ureeraroraeure:pictureer:teacher brother dinner father sisterar:sugaror:doctora:panda aboutabove camerasofaChina.音標(biāo)/i:/ /i/ /3:/ /?/練習(xí)找出以下沒有一樣發(fā)音的詞。( )①hefeetbreadgreen( )②pigisdogship( )③thirtybirdherfood( )④shebiginmoney( )⑤sweetfishteacherwe( )⑥teachersisteraboutgirl( )⑦tigerfirstworkshirt( )⑧treebeancleanchin( )⑨fatherdoctorskirtchina( )⑩happyseasitpicture2.讀音標(biāo)寫單詞。/bi://′sist?//b?:d//li:f//si://hi:/′bizi//h?://′d?kt?/3.連線。meat /3:/thirsty /i:/driver /?/animal /i:/Lesson2元音/?://?//u://u/學(xué)習(xí)一、/?:/ 雙唇界于開閉、圓唇之間，牙床半開漸至全開，舌尖卷上再過渡為卷后。e.g.:1.IamPaul. 2.Iamfour. 3.Iamtall. 4.Givemeacall./?:]/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合a aw al or oora:wateraw:draw strawberryal:ballwallor:horse corn fork or oor:floordoor/?/雙唇略微向外突出圓形，舌后升起，舌尖不觸下齒，發(fā)“奧”音。e.g.:1.Tom’sgotalotofdotsonhispocket.Hewillusealotofhotwatertowashoffthedots.發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合o ao:fox coffee dog shop dog doctor a:watch三、/u:/雙唇成圓形，牙床近于半合，舌尖不觸下齒，自然而不用力，發(fā)“屋”之長音。e.g.:1.Howdoyoudo? 2.Gotoschool./u:/ooouio:dowhowhoseoo:foodmoontooui:fruitjuiceu:rulerrude四/u/雙唇成圓形牙床近于半合舌尖不觸下齒自然而不用力發(fā)短促之“屋”音。e.g.:1.Pleasehavealook. 2.Ihaveagoodbook./u/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ooouo:woman wolfoo:lookgoodbookfootwoodu:bull bulletLesson3音標(biāo)/a:/ /Λ/ /?/ /e/學(xué)習(xí)之長音。例句:It”stoofartoseethedark.It”stoodarktoseetheshark/a:/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合a ar au eara:grassglass classplantdancefastfatherlastar:carstar arm March garden dark scarfau:laugh auntear:heart二/Λ/雙唇平放，牙床半開，舌尖抵住下齦，舌后微微升起，發(fā)短促之“阿”ou在單詞中的發(fā)音例句：Hurryup,hurryup,aduckcutsabuginthemud./Λ/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合o u oo o:son come color love moneyu:sun nut jump gum bus supper usou:touch cousin country三/?/：/?/雙唇扁平，舌前微升，舌尖抵住下齦，牙床開，軟鄂升起，唇自然開放。例句：Cat!Cat!Catchthefatcat./?/aa:dad cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat map四/e/舌近硬鄂，舌尖頂下齒，牙床半開半合，作微笑狀。是字母eea在單詞中的發(fā)音e：bedeggtengetdesklet音標(biāo)/a:/ /Λ/ /?/ /e/練習(xí)一選出以下沒有一樣發(fā)音的詞。( )1.cararmfoodgarden( )2.truejumpbuscut( )3.bagshortmapflag( )4.eggpenheadsmall( )5.gotclockbelldog( )6.rabbitbookwoodfoot( )7.ratbatappleten( )8.gunstarduckmoney二試讀每題中單詞找出有幾種元音。( )1.hatfastcooklast( )2.jeepdoorsungum( )3.dadcaphandmap( )4.starcarcutfrom( )5.skirtsheepbirdher,使它變成另一個(gè)單詞like (交通工具)hat (動(dòng)物)lake (食品)nice (數(shù)字)Lesson3 元音音標(biāo)/ei//ai/?i/ /au /?u/學(xué)習(xí)一/ei/“哀”平穩(wěn)過渡到發(fā)“一”的長音。例句：Rain,rain,goaway,comeagainanotherday.Littlekidswanttoplay.Rain,rain,goaway/ei/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合a ai aya:cake make name game snakegate lazyai:rain train waitay:day May play today way/ai/“阿”音平穩(wěn)過渡到發(fā)“一”音。是字母iy在單詞中的讀音例句：Mikelikestowritebythenicebrightlightatnight./ai/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合i y ie i:kite bike nice tiger write knifey:by cry fly my sky ie:tie pieuy:buy三/?i/:發(fā)音有/?/和/i/組成前重后輕，雙唇由圓到扁，口型又開到合。例句：Oneboyisaboytwoboysarehalfboy,threeboysarenoboy/?i/:發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合oi oi:oil boil coinoy:boy toy四/au/“阿”音平穩(wěn)過渡到發(fā)“屋”音。是字母ouow在單詞中的發(fā)音。Amouserunintoacow”smouthinfrontofthehouse./au/ouowou:housemousemouthtrousersow:flower cow how now down五/?u/“歐”之長音。是字母o、oaoe在單中的發(fā)音例句：Leo,Leo,let”sgo,youaretooslow,Idon”thopeso./?u/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ooaowo:nose rose poen overoa:boatcoat soap goatow:show window snow Lesson4元音音標(biāo)/ei//ai//?i//au//?u/學(xué)習(xí)一練習(xí)依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，選出不發(fā)/au/的單詞。mouse cloud arm clown2.teacher trousers cow mouthtown dance flower house4.tower blouse now baby二.選出以下沒有發(fā)一樣發(fā)音的詞( )1.cake egg rain May( )2.kite cry broom fly( )3.boy joy cat ( )4.blouse sun cow house( )5.tower flower mouth arm三.把以下單詞下正確的音標(biāo)連接起來bow /b?u/gate /pai/tray /geit/pie /trei/poison /p?izn/Lesson5元音音標(biāo)/i?//e?//u?/的學(xué)習(xí)—/i?/“一”音過渡到“厄”音。是ear、ere、ea、eer在單詞中的讀音例句：Openyourear,listenmyidea,givethedeeraglassofbeer,Isitclear?/i?/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ear eerear:earhearteareer:deerbeer二/e?/：ear、are、air在單詞中的讀音例句：Abeariseatingpearoverthere./e?/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合airearair:hair chair pairear:pear bear wear三/u?/:“屋”之長音，然后從“屋”音過渡到“厄”音。I”msurethewaterispure./u?/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合oor our ureoor:poorour:tourure:surepureLesson6輔音音標(biāo)/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/學(xué)習(xí)一/p/雙唇緊閉并使氣流突破雙唇外瀉/p/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合p ppp:piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stoppp:apple happy依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，圈出沒有發(fā)[p]的單詞。ship phone sleep pear2.pick pen big pineapple3.taxi parrot sheep pig4.panda pony pet truck二/b/雙唇緊閉并使氣流突破雙唇外瀉且振動(dòng)聲帶/b/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合b bbb:book ball bird big boy bagbananabb:rubber rabbit cabbage依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，圈動(dòng)身[b]的2個(gè)單詞。1.cab gift beach lovepet god tub bed3.weather boy bus make4.rabbit read dress baby三/t/雙唇微開，先用舌尖抵上齒齦，然后突然張開，使氣流外沖而成音。/t/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合t ttt:table tea taxi cat rat fat ticketTt:butter matter依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，圈出沒有發(fā)[t]1個(gè)單詞。taxi fat bag toy2.hat ticket tea duck3.pocket packet cat rain四/d/雙唇微開，先用舌尖抵上齒齦，然后突然張開，使氣流外沖而成音，并振動(dòng)聲帶。/d/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合d edd:duck seed door desk day head bed read colded:smiled opened played依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，圈出沒有發(fā)[d]的1個(gè)單詞。1.bed clothes handdog cold five3.dance duck 音標(biāo)/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/練習(xí)Lesson7輔音音標(biāo)/k/ /g/ /s/ /z/學(xué)習(xí)一/k/用舌根抵住后顎，再突然張開，使空氣外沖而成音/k/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合c k ckc:capcookcupcarcanclassk:cookmilkkeydeskkitecakeck:clocksockcockneck從以下單詞中找出一個(gè)發(fā)[sk]的單詞。cake car desk neckmask rock ink clockdisk truck silk duck二/g/用舌根抵住后顎，再突然張開，使空氣外沖而成音，振動(dòng)聲帶。/g/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合g ggg:glass golf get girl bag goat gg:egg依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，圈動(dòng)身[g]的單詞。gas drive gum give violinbagjeans orange log bridge guesstank grade long language三/s/雙唇微開，上下齒接近于合攏狀態(tài)，舌尖抵住下齦，氣流從牙縫送出。/s/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合s c ss s:star sun snake sea seec:pencil citycedarceilingcelebratess:grass glass class bossce:face race rice nice四/z/雙唇微開，上下齒接近于合攏狀態(tài)，舌尖抵住下齦，氣流從牙縫送出，須振動(dòng)聲帶。/z/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合z s sez:zerozebrazoos:bagsphotossistersse:noserose音標(biāo)/k//g//s//z/的練習(xí)把以下單詞與音標(biāo)用線連接起來。socks /”gigl/giggle /g?ust/ghost /s ks/face /t∫i:z/cheese /feis/Lesson8輔音音標(biāo)/∫/ /3/ /t∫/ /d3/學(xué)習(xí)—/∫/雙唇微開，向前突出，舌尖升近上齦，用力將氣息送出來，發(fā)“師”音。/∫/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合s s:sugar suresh:ship sheep wash cash shop she依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，圈出以下單詞中發(fā)[∫]2個(gè)單詞。shell ship watch desktruck shirt skirt shipbrush carratsheep sleephero shape street shelf二/З/雙唇微開，向前突出，舌尖升近上齦，用力將氣息送出來，須振動(dòng)聲帶。/3/ss:television, usually, measureagarage,anunusualcollision;agreatdecision;mypleasure依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章，圈出以下單詞中發(fā)[3]2個(gè)單詞。shell ship garage desktruck shirt pleasure shipbrush casualsheep sleephero shape leisure shelf三/t∫/雙唇微開，先用舌尖抵上齒齦，突然張開，使氣流外沖而成音，發(fā)“吃”音。/t∫/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ch ch:teacher peach cherry chairtch:watch match依據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)章,找出以下單詞中發(fā)[t∫]的單詞，并抄下來。chair dumpling beach night she monkeyChina church these flower dream shark chick catch四/dЗ/雙唇微開，先用舌尖抵上齒齦，突然張開，使氣流外沖而成音，并振動(dòng)聲，發(fā)“之”音。/d3/發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合g j g:ginger giraffej:jump job jamge:orange cabbage cageLesson9 音標(biāo)/f//v//θ//e/的學(xué)習(xí)一、/f/上齒輕觸下唇，用力將氣息由唇齒之縫隙間吹出。e.g.:1.Whydoyoulaugh? 2.Inevercough.[f]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合f ff phghf:five fan flower fish four leafff:giraffeph: phone elephant photogh:laugh二、/v/上齒輕觸下唇，用力將氣息由唇齒之縫隙間吹出，須振動(dòng)聲帶。e.g.:Rememberourlove.[v]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合v v:video vase vestve:five love violin三、/θ/舌尖輕抵上齒，送出氣流，并使舌齒相互摩擦。e.g.:1.Hehasnotooth. 2.Thanksverymuch.[θ]thth:three thin third teeth mouth四、/e/舌尖輕抵上齒，再送出氣流，但須振動(dòng)聲帶，并使舌齒相互摩擦。e.g.:1.Whoseclothesarethese? 2.Theyaretheirs.[e]thth:father motherbrother clothes weatherLesson10音標(biāo)/ts//dz//tr//dr/的學(xué)習(xí)一、/ts/舌尖抵住上齒，作好發(fā)“t”的姿勢，氣流沖破阻礙，發(fā)出短促的“t”音后，緊接著就發(fā)“s”這摩擦音。e.g.:Catscatchrats.[ts]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ts tests: seats goats coats cats pets tes: gates kites dates tastes/dz/“d”“d”音后，“z”這摩擦音。e.g.:Showmeyourhands,myfriends.[dz]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ds desds:seeds woods friends birds des:rides三、/tr/舌尖抵住上齒，作好發(fā)“t”的姿勢，氣流沖破阻礙，發(fā)出短促的“t”音后，這摩擦音。e.g.:1.Onemoretry.[tr]trtr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick/dr/“d”“d”音后，緊接著就發(fā)“r”這摩擦音。e.g.:Idrinksomewater.[dr]drdr:draw drink driver dragon dryLesson11音標(biāo)/h//r//l//m/的學(xué)習(xí)一、/h/口半閉，氣息由聲門出來，但是不振動(dòng)聲帶。e.g.:Beatherhand.[h]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合h whh: he her head heart hair wh: who whose二、/r/唇形稍圓，舌身略凹，舌尖上卷，振動(dòng)聲帶。e.g.:1.Itisawhiterabbit. 2.Itseyesarered. 3.Icanreadandwrite.[r]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合r rr wrr:rice room ride road roserr: