grammar 市賽獲獎(jiǎng) 省賽獲獎(jiǎng)

Grammarandusage炎陵一中外語教研組RevisionTheman_________standsthereisTom.Thegirl____________ImetisMsLi.Theboy________watchwaslostisTom.Thebook_________liesonthedeskishis.Thepen___________youboughtisgood.Themagazine________coverisredisnice.who/that(whom/that/who)whosewhich/that(which/that)whoseattributiveclausePreposition+which&preposition+whomHereisamapfromwhichwecanknowmoreaboutChina.Hereisamap.Fromthe

map

wecanknowmoreaboutChina.Thepictureonwhichhespent3000dollarsisfromJapan.ThepictureisfromJapan.Hespent3000dollarsonthepicture.HeisaboytowhomIcaneasilytalk.

Heisaboy.Icaneasilytalktohim.1.Combinethefollowingsentenceswithattributiveclauses1).Thepenisbroken.Iwritemyhomework

with

iteveryday.Thepen

with

which

Iwritemyhomeworkeverydayisbroken.objectofpreposition2).Themanisovereighty.Itookapictureforhim.Themanfor

whomItookapictureisovereighty.objectofprepositionCanyoufindanydifferencewiththeattributiveclauseinUnit1?2.

Thepositionoftheprepositionintheattributiveclause.1).TheMathsteacheristhepersonfromwhomIgotanAplus.2).ArtisthesubjectaboutwhichIknowlittle.TheMathsteacheristhepersonwhomIgotanAplusfrom.ArtisthesubjectwhichIknowlittleabout.Tip

IninformalEnglish,theprepositionisusuallyattheendoftheattributiveclause.3.Iftheprepositionisattheendoftheattributiveclause,Whatrelativepronounscanweuse?1).Dadisaperson

towhom

Icaneasilytalk.2).Isthistheplayaboutwhichyouweretalkingjust

now?Dadisaperson________________Icaneasilytalkto.whom/who/thatIsthistheplay___________youweretalkingjustnow

about?which/thatTip

Iftheprepositionisattheend,wecanuse

that

toreplace

whom

andwhich,or

whotoreplacewhom.Trueorfalse?Doyoulikethemanwhomtheyspoketo?Doyoulikethemanwhotheyspoketo?Doyoulikethemantowhomtheyspoke?Doyoulikethemantowhotheyspoke?ThisisthebuildingwhichItoldyouabout.ThisisthebuildingthatItoldyouabout.ThisisthebuildingaboutwhichItoldyou.ThisisthebuildingaboutthatItoldyou.TFTTTTTF4.Canweleaveouttherelativepronounsintheattributiveclause?1).ThetopicEricisinterestedinisPhysics.2).DanielisthepersonIwanttomakefriendswith.3).DanielisthepersonwithwhomIwanttomakefriends.4).Thisisthejobatwhichtheylaughed.5).Thisisthejobtheylaughedat.whichthat/who/whomwhichTipwecanleaveoutwhich,whom,thatorwhowhenitmeetsthetwoconditions.A.ThepronounistheobjectB.Theprepositionisattheendoftheattributiveclause.5.Whentheantecedentisthewordway,whatrelativewordcanweuse?1).Wehadagoodlaughoverthestrangeway___________Mattsolvedtheproblem.2).Ididn'tliketheway__________shetalkedtome.3).Theway___________heteachesEnglishisinteresting.that/inwhichthat/inwhichthat/inwhichTip

weuseinwhichorthattobeginanattributiveclauseafterway.Inthiscase,inwhichorthatcanalsobeleftout.Trueorfalse?Thewayhowthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.2.Thewaythatthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.3.Thewayinwhichthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.4.Thewaywhichthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.5.Thewaythesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.TFFTTDoExerciseAonPage291Theparkisaplace2Mymotheristheperson3Themoney4MycousinisapersontowhichIoftengo.from

whomIgotmoneytobuymynewhairclips.withwhichIwantedtobuyanewT-shirthasdisappeared.withwhomIcandiscussmyproblems.5Footballisthesport6Familyfightsarethethings

7Mygrandparentsarethepeoplewith

8ThisisthebookfromwhichIgetalotoffun!aboutwhichIfeelupset.whomIstayedwhenIwasyounginwhichthemaincharacterisasoldier.DoExerciseBonPage29

介詞的選用原則根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。如：①ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8

yuan.②ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8yuan.

spendmoneyonsth.為固定搭配paymoneyforsth.為固定搭配2)根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣來決定。如：①IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.②IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere.③IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere.強(qiáng)調(diào)在具體某一天要用介詞on強(qiáng)調(diào)在某幾天時(shí)間內(nèi)要用介詞during在month前介詞要用in3)根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系。

Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?4)根據(jù)從句中形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配。

CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’mnotsure？5.含有介詞的短語動(dòng)詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動(dòng)詞的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。如：①Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iam

lookingfor.

這是我正在找的手表。

ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.正誤②Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.

那個(gè)保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康。

Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.正誤Fillintheblanksusing“prep+whom/which”.1.Thebook_____________Iheardwaswrittentwentyyearsago.2.Thepeople____________themanspokeweren’tlistening.3.Thefilm____________Ifellasleepwasveryboring.of/aboutwhichto/withwhomduringwhich5.Thelittlecreature________scientistsareinterestedisknownasET.6.Thegun__________hewasshotwasneverfound.4.Thepen__________shewrotethatbookcannowbeseeninamuseum.withwhichinwhichbywhich1.

Doyoulikethebook_________shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10?onwhichUseproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks.forwhichPracticeone3.Doyoulikethebook__________shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook___________sheoftentalks?5.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.fromwhichaboutwhichofwhich6.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.7.Thisisthebook_____Iamlookingfor.towhomwhich1.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.（04上海）

A.whoB.as C.aboutwhichD.withwhomPracticetwo2.TheEnglishplay______mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.

（04全國(guó)I）

A.forwhich B.atwhich C.inwhich D.onwhich3.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,______fivearemine.

（04全國(guó)IV）A.onwhich B.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich4.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingtimewas226days.

（04廣西）

A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhichRelativeadverbs:when,where,whyTheattributiveclauseintroducedbywhen,whereandwhy.Whereisit?Itistheteachingbuiling.Itisaplacewherewecanaquireknowledge.

—Look!Whatdayisittoday?Whyaretheygettingtogetheragain?—TodayisMarch,12thwhenpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees!

3.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyheissohappy.

1)YanlingHighSchoolisaschool.2)Iamstudyingintheschool.1.YanlingHighSchoolistheschool__________Iamstudyingin.2.YanlingHighSchoolistheschool_______Iamstudying.3.YanlingHighSchoolistheschool______Iamstudying.that/whichinwhichwhere先行詞是指地點(diǎn)的詞，Relativeadverb1:where在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語1)Iwillneverforgettheday.2)IcametoYanlingHighSchoolonthatday.Iwillneverforgettheday__________IcametoYanling

HighSchoolon.2.Iwillneverforgettheday_______IcametoYanling

HighSchool.3.Iwillneverforgettheday______IcametoYanlingHighSchool.that/whichonwhichwhenRelativeadverb2:when先行詞是指時(shí)間的詞，在從句中做時(shí)間狀語1)Couldyoutellmethereason?2)Youarelateforthereason.1.Couldyoutellmethereason__________

youarelatefor?2.Couldyoutellmethereason________youarelate?3.Couldyoutellmethereason______youarelate?that/whichforwhichwhyRelativeadverb3:why先行詞是指原因的詞，在從句中做原因狀語Talkabout

RelativeAdverbialPartofspeech(句子成分)

--

Time(moment,day,season,year,etc.)

Place(reasonwhywhenDiscoveryhouse,worldcountry,

city,

etc.whereAdverbial(狀語)1.Weusetherelativeadverbwhentobeginattributiveclausesafternounsliketime,moment,day,season,year,etc.Doyouremembertheday

whenweleftyouincharge?你還記得我們讓你負(fù)責(zé)的那一天嗎？我經(jīng)常想起我看到飛碟的那一時(shí)刻.Ioftenthinkofthemoment

whenIsawtheUFO.2.Weusetherelativeadverbwheretobeginattributiveclausesafternounslikeplace,house,city,country,world,etc.警方搜查了那個(gè)小偷待過的房子。Thepolicesearchedthehouse

where

thethiefhadstayed.上海是他出身的城市嗎？IsShanghaithecity

wherehewasborn?3.Weusetherelativeadverbwhytobeginattributiveclausesafterreason.我不知道房子為什么如此臟的原因。Idon’tknowthereason

whythehouseissodirty.A:Doyouremembertheday______wegraduatedfromschool?B:Yes,I’llneverforgetthatday,and

Ioftenthinkofthemoment_____wehadapicnic.A:Doyouremembertheschool_______westudiedforthreeyears?B:Yes,ofcourse.Thisisthereason_____Iofencan’tsleepwell.whenwhenwherewhyFillintheblanksandreadthedialogeInmoreformalEnglish,when,whereandwhycanbereplacedbyapreposition(介詞)+which.書房是我經(jīng)常跟我老爸談話的地方。Thestudyistheplacewhere/inwhichIoftenhavetalkswithmyfather.when相當(dāng)于“at/in/during…+which”where相當(dāng)于“in/at/on…+which”why相當(dāng)于“for+which”

如：就是在這一天我參觀了博物館.Thisisthedaywhen/onwhichIvisitedthemuseum.請(qǐng)把書放到我容易找到的桌子上.Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfindit.這就是他不能參加會(huì)議的原因.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidn’tcometothemeeting.A:Doyouremembertheday______wegraduatedfromschool?B:Yes,I’llneverforgetthatday,and

Ioftenthinkofthemoment_____wehadapicnic.A:Doyouremembtheshool_______westudiedforthreeyears?B:Yes.ThisisthereasonIofencan’tsleepwell.whenwhenwherewhy(onwhich)(atwhich)(inwhich)(forwhich)Usepreposition+whichtoreplacetherelativeadverbs.思考是否所有的介詞+關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系副詞代替?1.Thepainting(________Ilooked)waspaintedbyme.2.Thebook(___________Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.atwhichaboutwhich3.Thepen(__________shewrotethatbook)cannowbeseeninamuseum.4.Kunmingisabeautifulplace(_____________)flowersareseenalltheyearround.5.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse(_____________)thegreatwriterusedtolive.withwhichwhere/inwhichwhere/inwhich6.Iwillneverforgottheday(_____________)Ifirstmetyouontheship.7.Thefilm(____________Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.結(jié)論：只有當(dāng)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語、時(shí)間狀語或原因狀語時(shí)，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。onwhich/whenduringwhich注意：關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中的關(guān)系：“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”在從句中作狀語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)關(guān)系副詞。如：王先生工作的那家工廠是一家鞋廠。這個(gè)句子有以下三種表達(dá)方式：Thefactorythat/whichMr.Wangworksinisashoeone.ThefactoryinwhichMr.Wangworksisashoeone.ThefactorywhereMr.Wangworksisashoeone.他將永遠(yuǎn)記住他入團(tuán)的那天。Hewillforeverrememberthedaythat/whichhejoinedtheLeagueon.2.Hewillforeverrememberthedayon

whichhejoinedtheLeague.3.HewillforeverrememberthedaywhenhejoinedtheLeague..并非先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞時(shí)都用when,where,why，若先行詞在定語從句中不作狀語，而是作主語或賓語，就必須用which或that。如：

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.which在定語從句中作賓語比較:

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于onthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.

that在句中作賓語比較:Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.why在句中作狀語，相