考研《英語(yǔ)一》菏澤市牡丹區(qū)2023年統(tǒng)考試題含解析

考研《英語(yǔ)一》菏澤市牡丹區(qū)2023年統(tǒng)考試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Itwasacold,wetdayonJune6,when14-year-oldWasanaarrivedatschool.Waitingoutsidehisclassroomforhisclassmatestoarrive,Wasana1aimlesslyatthepouringrain.Thenhis2felluponthehillthatroseatthebackoftheclassroom.Henoticedhugeamountsofrainwater3downthehill,andwaterwasalsobubblingatthebaseofalargerockonthehill.Forafew4Wasanalookedatthewater,wondering__itlookedsofamiliar.Thenit5him–thescenewassurprisingly6tothepictureshewasshownduringDisasterManagementclasses.7adisasterwasabouttohappen,Wasanawaved8atstudents,shouting“Run,run,don’tstayhere!Therocksonthehillaregoingto9onus!”Allthestudentsandteachersrantotheopenareathathadbeen10asanemergencygatheringpoint.11theyheardscreamsasthehugerockrolleddownthehill,bringingsand,rockandmud.Therewas12theycoulddoastheywatchedtheearthburyanentireschoolblock.ThankstoWasana’squickactionandsharp13noonewashurtintheincident.Thelandslide14twoclassroomsandcausedheavydamagetosix15.“Thefinancialdamageisnothingcomparedto16wouldhavehappenedhadtherebeenchildrenintheclassrooms,”saystheschoolmaster.WasanalaterreceivedaGoldStarfromtheFoundationforCivilianBravery,SriLanka.17attheincident,hesays,“Ifeeldisastermanagement18areimportantforeveryone.We’llneverknowwhenthe19willcomeinhandy.”1、A．stared B．nodded C．shouted D．pointed2、A．thoughts B．eyes C．words D．voices3、A．pulling B．jumping C．sliding D．flowing4、A．times B．minutes C．hours D．periods5、A．how B．where C．why D．when6、A．hit B．drove C．pushed D．stopped7、A．strange B．rare C．terrible D．similar8、A．Rejecting B．Fearing C．Scaring D．Avoiding9、A．a(chǎn)ngrily B．sadly C．excitedly D．wildly10、A．beat B．move C．fall D．dive11、A．putaway B．setaside C．broughtforth D．takenapart12、A．Justthen B．Inshort C．Ingoodtime D．Asaresult13、A．something B．much C．a(chǎn)nything D．little14、A．discovery B．movement C．observation D．idea15、A．destroyed B．tore C．injured D．overcame16、A．a(chǎn)nother B．other C．others D．ones17、A．those B．which C．that D．what18、A．Lookingback B．Lookingaround C．Lookingthrough D．Lookingforward19、A．exhibitions B．lessons C．units D．examinations20、A．concept B．image C．knowledge D．situationSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Wehumanslovetostareintooursmartdevices.Wegazeforhours—about10hoursand1minutesaday—atourcomputers，smartphones，tabletsandtelevisions.Isallthisstaringbadforus?Itmightbe，mainlybecauseaswestareatourdevicesweareexposingourselvestobluelight.Bluelightisatypeofelectromagneticradiationwithaveryshortwavelengththatproducesahighamountofenergy.Whileit'struethatlightcandamageoureyesundercertaincircumstances，there'snoscientificevidencesuggestingthatbluelightisharmfultooureyes.Butmanypeoplestillthinkitis，whichiswhybluelight—blockingglassesaresopopular.Sodotheglasseswork?“Everyoneisveryconcernedthatbluelightmaybecausingdamagetotheeye，butthere'snoevidencethatitmaybecausingseriousdamage，”Dr.RahulKhurana，clinicalspokesmanfortheAmericanAcademyofOphthalmologists，toldBusinessInsider.Bluelightexposureisnothingnew.Infact，thesunisthelargestsourceofbluelight.Moreover，bluelightisalsopresentinLEDlight.Butifbluelightisn'tharmful，thenwhyareweconstantlyrubbingoureyeswhenwe’relookingatourscreens?Theansweriseyestrain(眼疲勞):Morethan60percentofpeopleexperienceeyeproblemsassociatedwithdigitaleyestrain.Andbluelight，itseems，isn'tthecause.Instead，oureyesaresostrainedbecausemostofusblinklesswhenwestareatourdigitaldevices.Soifeyestrainistherealissue，bluelight-blockingglassesareprobablyoflittleuse.1、Whatdoweknowaboutbluelight?A．Itisakindofnuclearradiation.B．Ithastheshortestwavelength.C．Itmaycomefromelectronicdevices.D．Itconsumesagreatdealofenergy.2、Whatcausesthepopularityofbluelight-blockingglasses?A．Evidenceoftheirbenefitstoeyes.B．Beliefinbluelight'sharmfuleffect.C．Widespreaduseofsmartdevices.D．Scientificunderstandingofbluelight.3、WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Bluelightexposureishardlyavoidable.B．Eyeproblemsarenoteasytodealwith.C．Blue1ightmayconnectwithtiredeyes.D．Rubbingeyesmakespeoplestrained.4、Accordingtothetext，wearingbluelight-blockingglassesmaybe_______.A．tiring B．harmful C．useless D．beneficialText2March1，2019DearResidentsRE.NOTICEOFCONSTRUCTION-SHORELINEEROSIONPROTECTIONSheetPileWall，RipRapProtection(拋石護(hù)岸)andSpotRepaironSASURoadbetweenChurchandJimmyRoad,TsawoutFirstNation.OurFile:CPMS6849BeginningApril1,2019,ourcommunity,TsawoutFirstNation,willbebeginningworkontheShorelineErosion(侵蝕)ProtectionprojectalongSASURoadbetweenChurchandJimmyRoad.WorkersemployedbyDonnMannExcavatingandTsawoutFirstNationPublicWorksDepartmentwillbeonsiteworkingfrom7:00amuntil5:00pmdailyMondaytoFridayuntilSeptember30，2019.PROJECTRELATEDINFORMATIONANDRECOMMENDATIONSTrafficDelays-Inordertosafelyandefficientlycompletethisconstructionitem,therewillbesomelane(車(chē)道)restrictions.Cardriversmustfollowthepolicesorders,slowdownthespeed，andpasstheconstructionareaextremelycautiously.Theconstructionitemmaycausetrafficdelays.Wewillmakeeveryefforttominimizeanypotentialinconvenienceandprovideyouwiththelatestnoticewhendisruptions(中斷)mustoccur.Policeandemergencyvehicleaccesswillbemaintainedatalltimes.TruckTraffic-Attimesyouwillnoticeincreasedtrucktrafficintheconstructionarea.PleasebeawareanduseextracautionwhiledrivingVibration-Youmayexperiencesomevibrationathomeduringtheconstruction.Theshakymotionhappensduetotheworkbeingdone.Werecommendthatyouremoveorsecureobjectsonshelvesandwalls.ThisconstructionitemispartoftheTsawoutFirstNationShorelineErosionProtectionprojectthatwillbebeginninginApril2019andisexpectedtobecompletedbytheendof2019.Pleaseseeupcomingnewslettersandnoticesforfurtherupdates.ThankyouforyourpatienceandcooperationSincerelyRobMortinTsawoutFirstNation1、Howlongwilltheconstructionitemlast?A．bout4months.B．About5months.C．About6months.D．About7months.2、Whatdoyouknowabouttrafficregulationsduringtheconstruction?A．CardriversshallpassthroughtheconstructionareawithgreatcareB．OnlyemergencyvehiclescanpassthroughtheconstructionareaC．NovehiclewillbeallowedtopassthroughtheconstructionareaD．Allvehiclesshallbecheckedbeforeenteringtheconstructionarea.3、ItisrecommendedthatnearbyresidentsshouldA．a(chǎn)voiddrivingtheirvehiclesintherush-hoursB．makesurethattheirwallsareingoodconditionC．updateupcomingnewslettersandnoticesdailyD．havetheirphotoframestakendownfromthewallsText3Thatrobots,automation,andsoftwarecanreplacepeoplemightseemobvioustoanyonewho’sworkedinautomotivemanufacturing.ButMITbusinessscholarsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee’sclaimismoretroublingandcontroversial.Theybelievethatrapidtechnologicalchangehasbeendestroyingjobsfasterthanitiscreatingthem.Theybelievethattechnologyincreasesproductivityandmakessocietieswealthier,butitbecamecleartothemthatthesametechnologiesmakingmanyjobssafer,easier,andmoreproductivewerealsoreducingthedemandformanytypesofhumanworkers.TechnologiesliketheWeb,artificialintelligence,andbigdataareautomatingmanyroutinetasks.Countlesstraditionalwhite-collarjobs,suchasmanyinthepostofficeandincustomerservice,havedisappeared.Asevidence,BrynjolfssonandMcAfeepointtoachartonwhichseparatelinesrepresentproductivityandtotalemploymentintheUnitedStates.ForyearsafterWorldWarII,thetwolinescloselytrackedeachother,withincreasesinjobscorrespondingtoincreasesinproductivity.Then,beginningin2000,thelinesdiverge;productivitycontinuestorisesteadily,butemploymentsuddenlyshrinks.By2011,asignificantgapappearsbetweenthetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.UnitedStatesProductivityandEmploymentButarethesenewtechnologiesreallyresponsibleforadecadeoflackluster(無(wú)生氣)jobgrowth?DavidAutor,aneconomistatMITwhohasstudiedtheconnectionsbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattechnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtsthatproductivityhas,infact,risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.Ifhe’sright,itraisesthepossibilitythatpoorjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofadepressedeconomy.Thesuddenslowdowninjobcreation“isabigpuzzle,”hesays,“butthere’snotalotofevidencethatit’slinkedtocomputers.”“Tobesure,computertechnologiesarechangingthetypesofjobsavailable,butthatisverydifferentfromsayingtechnologyisaffectingthetotalnumberofjobs,”headds.“Jobscanchangealotwithouttherebeinghugechangesinemploymentrates.”LawrenceKatz,aHarvardeconomist,saysthatwhiletechnologicalchangescanbepainfulforworkerswhoseskillsnolongermatchtheneedsofemployers,nohistoricalpatternshowstheseshiftsleadingtoanetdecreaseinjobsoveranextendedperiod.Still,Katzdoesn’tdismissthenotionthatthereissomethingdifferentabouttoday’sdigitaltechnologies.Thoughheexpectsthehistoricalpatterntohold,itis“genuinelyaquestion,”hesays.“Iftechnologydisruptsenough,whoknowswhatwillhappen?”1、WhichperiodonthechartstronglysupportsMcAfee’sclaim?A．1947—1967.B．1985—1987.C．1997—2000.D．2011—2013.2、AccordingtoDavidAutor,thechangeinjobgrowth________.A．isnotnecessarilycausedbytechnologyB．resultsfromaweakeningeconomyC．hasnoconnectionwithproductivityD．a(chǎn)ffectsthecurrenttypesofjobs3、WhatisLawrenceKatz’sattitudetowardsthetopic?A．Optimistic.B．Defensive.C．Objective.D．Disapproving.4、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．showtherelationbetweenproductivityandjobcreationB．discusstheeffectoftechnologicaladvancesonemploymentC．a(chǎn)rgueagainstthewideuseofartificialintelligenceD．explaintheimpactoftechnologiesonproductivityText4Didyouknowthatsixtypercentofyourbodyweightiswater?However,alossofonlytwopercentofthiswaterthroughdehydration(脫水)duringexercisecansignificantlyaffectyourperformance.Themoreyousweat,themoreyourexerciseperformancedeclines,unlessyoudrinkenoughtoreplaceyourlossoffluids(液體).Whenyoulosetoomuchwater,youcanoverheatquiteeasily,especiallyinawarmenvironment.Butthisisnottheonlyproblemyoumayface.Dehydrationleadstoyourheartpumpingmuchfaster,whichmeansexercisebecomesmoredifficultandrequiresmoreeffort.Despitetheseproblems,however,manyofussimplydonottakeenoughfluidsinwhenweheadforthegymorsetoutonarun.Sowhyisthis?Howdowemanagetolosesomuchwaterwithoutsimplydrinkingmoretoreplaceit?Well,it’seasierthanyouthink.Whenweareatrest,wequicklybecomeawarethatwearethirstyandwillputthatrightbyhavingadrink.Whenweexercise,ontheotherhand,ourthirstmechanism(結(jié)構(gòu))doesnotworkaseffectively,sowedon’tnoticeearlyenoughthatweareactuallythirsty.Infact,weonlystarttofedthirstywhenwehavealreadylostaroundtwopercentofourbodyweight.Anotherproblemisthat,themoredehydrationwebecomeduringexercise,themoredifficultitistopreventfurtherdehydration-becauseourstomachsbecomeintolerant(不能容忍的)tofluidsandwedonotabsorbwaterproperly,justwhenweneeditmost.Thekeythingaboutfluidsandexerciseistomanageyourintakeproperly-regularsmallamountsarepreferable,andsomeshouldbedrunkbeforetheperiodofexercisebegins.Youalsoneedtomatchyourintaketothesortofexerciseyouaredoing.Forexample,foronehourofexercise,suchastakingpartina10kmrun,youneedtodrinkabouttwoextralitresofwater.Forlongerperiodsofexercise,sportsdrinksarerecommended.1、Weknowfromthetextthatduringexercise,dehydration.A．canbeeasilyavoided.B．willleadtopoorperformance.C．cancausemanyhealthproblems.D．willbecontrolledwheneverwedrinkagain.2、Whydopeoplesufferfromdehydrationeasilyduringexercise?A．Theirthirstmechanismstopsworking.B．Theirfocusisontheexercise.C．Theirthirstresponseisslow.D．Theirstomachsarefull.3、Whenexercising,youareadvisedto.A．haveregularbreaks.B．drinkwaterproperly.C．drinksportswaterinadvance.D．haveatleasttwolitersofwater.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．KeepfitB．Saynotosports!C．Timetogetdrinking!D．WaystoavoiddehydrationPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ithasbeen1．(exact)oneyearsinceIreturnedfromSenegalVolunteeringhashelpedmeunderstand2．isimportanttomeandhowtoliveahappylifeInthepast,I3．(follow)thecommonpath:fromschooltouniversityIt'snotthatIdidn'tenjoytheseexperiences,butthatIhadbeenleddownthatpathbytheexpectationsfrommyparentsandteachersratherthanmyownambitionsTherefore,after4．(graduate)fromuniversity,Idecidedtoachievesomethingmore5．(benefit)somethingthatwouldhelpthewidercommunity6．(apply)forInternationalCitizenService,thenIwenttoKaolack,SenegalwithYCareInternational,whereIworked7．a(chǎn)memberofateamofUKandSenegalesevolunteershelpingimprovethelivesofthelocalyoungpeopleIspenttimeworkingontheAct2LiveProjectandassistingallkindsofsimilar8．(organize)intheirworktoimprovethelivesofthepoorByfar,themostrewardingaspectofmyvolunteeringwassupportingtheamazingpeopleofKaolackWorkingon9．widevarietyoftasksandlivinginadifferentculturehaveapositiveeffectonmydevelopmentThankstovolunteering,Iwasable10．(find)confidenceasayoungadult,learnnewskillsandenrichmylifeDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankAskHelpfulHannahDearHelpfulHannah,I’vegotaproblemwithmyhusband,SamHeboughtasmartphoneacoupleofmonthsagoandhetookitonourrecentskivacationtoColoradoItwasagreattripexceptforoneproblemHehasaconstantdesire1．(check)fortextmessages;hecheckshisphoneeveryfiveminutes!He’ssoaddictedtoitthathejustcan’tstandtheidea2．theremaybeanimportanttextHecan’thelp3．(check)evenatinappropriatetimeslikewhenweareeatinginarestaurantandIamtalkingtohim!Hebehaves4．a(chǎn)nysmallamountofboredomcanmakehimfeeltheneedtocheckhisphoneevenwhenheknowsheshouldn’tThetemptationtosee5．iscontactinghimisjusttoogreatWhenIaskhimtopleaseputdownthephoneandstop6．(ignore)me,hesays,“Inaminute,”butstillcheckstoseeif7．haspostedsomethingnewontheInternetOurlife8．(interrupt)IfwegosomewhereandIaskhimtoleavethephoneathome,hesuffersfromwithdrawalsymptomsMaybethisdependencyonhissmartphonehasbecomemorethananeverydayproblemIrecentlyreadanarticleabout“nomophobia,”9．isarealillnesspeoplecansufferfrom:thefearofbeingwithoutyourphone!IamworriedthatSammaybesufferingfromthisillness10．hefeelsanxiousifhedoesn’thavehisphonewithhim,evenforashorttimeWhowouldhavethoughtthatlittledeviceslikethesecouldhavebroughtsomuchtrouble!SickandTiredSadieSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Ifyouthinkaboutschool,isthereoneteacherwhostandsoutaboveallothers?Onepersonwhoisyourfavoriteandwhoreallyinspiresyou?Why?1、I’vedecidedthatIwanttobecomeateacherbecauseteachingissorewardinganditprovidessomanyopportunities.Igettoinspirefuturegenerations–whatcouldbebetter?I’mcurrentlyhelpingoutintwoschools–aprimaryandasecondaryschool–andI’mactuallyreallyenjoyingit.SomesaysarechallengingandIaskmyselfwhyIamdoingit,butthenoneofmystudentswillansweraquestionorbeinterestedinmylessonandsuddenlyeverythingbecomesworthwhile.2、IplanmyownlessonsandmakethemasfunasseriousasIlike.3、Thatiswhymylessonsareneverboring.Sometimesmyclassesdon’tgoaccordingtotheplan,soIswitchthewayIteachanddosomethingthatIknowmystudentswillenjoy.4、Iteachbiology,geography,history,technology,socialsciencesandmusic…allisEnglish!IgettostudyEnglishliterature,whichismypassion,andpassonmyknowledgeandenthusiasmtomystudents,andIgettoteachahugevarietyofclassesandagegroups.5、Asaresult,Ihavetotryandcaterforeverybodybyincludingavarietyoftasksandexercisesaswellasinterestingmultimedia,likevideosandgames.ThebestclassesarewhenIgivethestudentsatopictodiscuss–usuallyonewhichtheyfeelverypassionateabout–andletthemhavetheirsay.A．Teachingissoexciting.B．Icreatelessonplanstosuiteachoftheages.C．IrealizeIamgreattohelpsomeonetolearn.D．I’vefoundthateachstudentlearnsdifferently.E.I’vebeenthinkingthesequestionsoverrecently.F.I’mexcitedtogetstartedonmyteachertraining.G.IalsolovethefactthatIteachEnglishineverything.FilmsandcomputergamesInjustafewdecadesthegamingindustryhasbecomemuchbiggerthanthefilmbusiness.Whatiscalled“interactiveentertainment”makesmoremoneythanHollywoodcinema.Isthereanywayofmakingfilmsmoreappealingtopeoplewholiketoplaycomputergames?Makingafilmoutofabest-sellingcomputergamecanguaranteealargeaudience.1、Nowadaysfilmsaremadewithsimilarones.Theyhaveattractiveactionscenesrelyingonfantasyeffectsaswell.Gamingmarketsconsistofscience-fictiongames,andfilm-makershavealsosetfilmsinscience-fict