文化與藝術(shù)人物及作品【精講精研+拓展延伸】高考英語一輪復(fù)習主題詞匯 閱讀一遍過

話題十二文化與藝術(shù)人物及作品第一部分話題詞匯積累單詞&短語1.adaptionn.____________ 2.authorn.____________3.calligraphyn.____________ 4.chaptern.____________5.collectionn.____________ 6.inheritv.____________7.inspectv.____________ 8.instituten.____________9.insurancen.____________ 10.interpretv.____________11.invasionn.____________ 12.invisibleadj.____________13.irrigationn.____________ 14.jealousadj.____________15.junglen.____________ 16.justicen.____________17.kangaroon.____________ 18.lameadj.____________19.leathern.____________ 20.incredibleadj.____________21.individualn./adj.____________ 22.inflationn.____________23.__________________n.珠寶；首飾24.__________________adj.獨立的；自主的25.__________________n.工業(yè)，行業(yè)26.__________________n.影響；作用27.__________________v.教授，指導(dǎo)，命令28.__________________n.信息；消息，資料29.__________________adj.正式的__________________adj.非正式的30.__________________v.使受傷；損害31.__________________v.激發(fā)；激勵；啟發(fā)32.__________________adj.聰明的；智能的33.__________________n.樂器；器械；手段34.__________________v.打斷；使中斷35.__________________v.采訪__________________n.采訪者__________________n.被采訪者36.__________________n.v.__________________發(fā)明37._________________v._________________n.邀請38._________________n.旅行；歷程39._________________n.法官v.判斷_________________n.判斷力40._________________n.幼兒園41._________________n.知識___________________adj.博學的42._________—(過去式)__________—(過去分詞)___________一(現(xiàn)在分詞)__________放置，產(chǎn)卵__________—(過去式)__________—(過去分詞)__________一(現(xiàn)在分詞)__________平躺__________—(過去式)___________—(過去分詞)__________—(現(xiàn)在分詞)__________撒謊43._____________________________通知某人某事44.insiston_____________________________45._____________________________代替，而不是46._____________________________對……感興趣47.be/getinvolvedin/involveoneselfin_____________________________48._____________________________戲弄，開玩笑49._____________________________從……判斷50.成功的秘訣_____________________________51.據(jù)我所知_____________________________52.以……而出名_____________________________53._____________________________因……而出名54._____________________________為……所熟知55.theformer...thelatter_____________________________56._____________________________引起，導(dǎo)致57._____________________________過著有意義的生活58._____________________________把……丟在后面為……留有余地59._____________________________遺漏60._____________________________記住詞匯拓展1.informv.知會；通知；通告；了解；熟悉；對……有影響【搭配】informsb.ofsth.告知某人某事informsb.that/wh-……告知某人informsb+疑問詞+不定式informationn.信息；消息；情報；資料；資訊Theywould____________anyprogresstheyhadmade.他們會把他們?nèi)〉玫娜魏芜M步都告訴他。Iregretto____________youhediedasaconsequenceofhisinjuries.我很遺憾地通知你，他因傷勢太重不治身亡。Weneedtimeto____________ourselvesthoroughlyoftheproblem.我們需要時間對這個問題有個透徹的了解。Religion____________everyaspectoftheirlives.宗教影響著他們生活的各個方面。Allgreatsongsare____________byacertainsadnessandtension.所有很棒的歌曲都透著某種悲傷和張力。2.insistv.堅決要求；堅持；堅持說；固執(zhí)己見【搭配】insist一般作為不及物動詞用，需要在后面加上on/upon才可以加動名詞、名詞、代詞賓語。它可以接賓語從句。在接賓語從句的時候，如果它的意思是“堅持自己的意見要求別人去做”的時候，它后面的從句需要用虛擬語氣：should+動詞原形作為謂語。其他的則作為陳述語氣，意思是“堅持這樣說/認為”。insiston/upon堅持；強調(diào)She____________onbeingpresentatalltheinterviews她堅持所有采訪自己都要在場。We____________wantinghisstudenttoparticipateinthiswork.我們堅持要他的學生參加這項工作。Ifyou____________thatsomethingisthecase,yousaysoveryfirmlyandrefusetosayotherwise,eventhoughotherpeopledonotbelieveyou.如果你認為這是事實，你就堅持認定，盡管別人不會相信你。Myfamily____________thatI(should)notgivein,butstayandfight.家里人堅持認為我不應(yīng)讓步，而應(yīng)該留下來繼續(xù)抗爭?；顚W活用一、閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個單詞或用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Sincetheyinsiston____________(go),we'llsimplypushtheboatwiththecurrentandletthemgowithus.2.Leavemeoutofthisquarrel,pleaseIdon'twanttoget____________(involve).3.Readingisimportantbecauseitwillmakemebe____________(knowledge)person.amore.4.Inallcases,thekey____________successisanabilitytounderstandandworkwithindifferentcultures.5.Theyknewtheyhaddonesomethingterriblywrongand____________(lie)tocoveritup.二、翻譯句子1.Don'tleaveyourshoppingonthebackseatofyourcar—it'sanopeninvitationtoathief._____________________________________________________________________2.我很榮幸地通知你，你已經(jīng)被錄取了。(inform)_____________________________________________________________________3.你在申請單上不要遺漏任何必要的信息。(leaveout)_____________________________________________________________________4.就我所知，這本書還沒有被譯成中文。(asfaras)_____________________________________________________________________參考答案單詞&短語1.適應(yīng)，順應(yīng)；改編2.作者；著者3.書法；筆跡4.（書）章；回；篇；（人生）階段，篇章5.作品集；收藏品6.繼承7.仔細檢查8.學院9.保險10.解釋，翻譯11.入侵12.看不見的，無形的13,灌溉14.嫉妒的15.叢林16.正義17.袋鼠18.跛的，瘸的19.皮革20.難以置信的21.個人，個人的22.通貨膨脹23.jewelry24.independent25.industry26.influence27.rmation29.formal;informal30.injure31.elligent33.instrument34.interrupt35.v.inter-viewn.interviewererviewee36.v.inventn.invention37.w.inviten.invitation38.journey39.judge;judgement40.kindergarten41.n.knowledgeadj.knowledgeable42.lay—laid—laid—layinglie—lay—lain—lyinglie—lied—rmsb.ofsth.44.堅持；堅決要求45.insteadof46.have/developaninterestin/beinterestedin47.參與，參加48.playajoke/jokeson49.judgingby/from50.thekeytosuccess51.asfarasIknow52.beknownas53.beknownfor54.beknownto55.前者……后者……56.leadto57.leadameaningfullife58.leavebe-hind;leaveroomfor59.leaveout60.learn...byheart詞匯拓展1.informhimof;inform;inform;informs;informed2.insisted;insiston;insist;insisted活學活用一、1.going2.involved3.knowledgeable4.to5.lied二、1.別把買的東西放在汽車后座上——那會招來小偷的。2.Ihavethehonortoinformyouthatyouhavebeenaccepted.3.Don'tleaveoutanynecessaryinformationonyourapplication.4.AsfarasIknow,thisbookhasn'tbeentranslatedintoChineseyet.第二部分話題閱讀訓(xùn)練（A）閱讀理解Thefollowingfourfamouspaintings－fromJanvanEyck'sportraittoPabloPicasso'smasterpiece－h(huán)avestoodthetestoftime.TheArnolfiniPortraitJanvanEyck'sArnolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434，inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher，isundoubtedlyoneofthemasterpiecesintheNationalGallery，London.Thispaintingisnotonlyvisuallyinterestingbutalsofamed.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentonfifteenth-centurysociety，throughJanvanEyck'sheavyuseofsymbolism－whilehusbandswentouttoengageinbusiness，wivesconcernedthemselveswithdomesticduties.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight，anoiloncanvas(油畫布)，amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanightskyoverasmallhillsidevillage，duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalinSaint-Rémy-de-Provence，F(xiàn)rancebetween1889and1890.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown，butithassincebecomeoneofVincentvanGogh'smostfamousworks.TheHarvestersTheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.Itdepicts(描繪)theharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofJulyandAugust.NicolaesJonghelinck，amerchantbankerandartcollectorfromAntwerp,onceheldthispainting.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.GuernicaGuernica，alargeoilpainting，waspaintedbytheCubist(立體派的)Spanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.ThetitleGuernicareferstothecitythatwasbombedduringthewar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult，hascometobeanantiwarsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.Today，thepaintingishousedattheMuseoNacionalCentrodeArteReinaSofíainMadrid.1．Whichofthefollowingpaintingswasproducedearliest?A．Guernica. B．TheHarvesters.C．TheStarryNight. D．TheArnolfiniPortrait.2．Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingtheharvestseasons?A．PieterBruegeltheElder.B．VincentvanGogh.C．JanvanEyck.D．PabloPicasso.3．WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight?A．Itwaspaintedonwoodinoils.B．Itdescribedthepainter'slifeinhospital.C．Itwasn'twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.D．Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.解析：【語篇解讀】本文介紹了四幅世界繪畫名作的相關(guān)情況，包括其創(chuàng)作時間、畫作內(nèi)容等。1.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對四幅畫的介紹可知，TheArnolfiniPortrait的創(chuàng)作時間是1434年，TheStarryNight創(chuàng)作于1889至1890年間，TheHarvesters創(chuàng)作于1565年，Guernica創(chuàng)作于1937年。對上述四幅畫的創(chuàng)作時間進行對比可知，D項正確。]2.A[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHarvesters部分第二句“Itdepicts(描繪)theharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofJulyandAugust”可知，PieterBruegeltheElder的畫作描述了豐收季節(jié)的情況。故選A。]3.C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStarryNight部分最后一句可知，1941年，當紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館從一位私人收藏家手中買下這幅畫時，它并不太有名，但后來卻成為梵高最著名的作品之一。故選C。]（B）七選五CayceZavagliaisanartistwithauniquetransformationtoherwork.1Paintingwithtinyneedlesisnotasfastaspaintingwithabrush.2Ittakestwomonths-nearly200hourstocompleteaportrait.3Onceshedecides,sheinvitesthatpersontoherstudioandtakeshundredsofphotographs.Shestudiesthewaythelightfallsacrosstheperson'sface.Aftermanyhoursofstudyingthephotos,shechoosestheperfectoneforherportrait.Next,sheenlargesthephotoonacanvas(畫布)。Then,shematchesthecolorsinthephotoandthestitchingbegins.Caycestartswiththehairandforehead,thenmovesontotheshouldersandclothing,andfinallytheface.Thehumanfaceiswhatshemostenjoyscreatinginherart.4Inaportraitofherbabydaughter,theskinappearssoftandsmooth.Inaportraitofherdad,thestitchesshowawrinkledandagingface.Caycebelieveshersuccessdependsonthreethings:herchoiceofcolors,thelengthanddirectionofthestitches,andherabilitytomaketheportraitlooktrue.Shelovesthesurprisewhenpeopleviewherart.Fromadistance,peoplebelievetheportraitsarepainted.5A.Shemakessurethepersonlooksstraightintoher.B.Thebiggestchallengeismakingtheskinlookreal.C.Insteadofpaintingwithabrush,shesewswithaneedle.D.Cayce'sfirststepisdecidingwhowillbeintheportrait.E.Shelovescreatingportraitsofherfamilyandclosefriends.F.It