2021年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)題

2021年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)題（答案版

（-）

Oceanographyhasbeendefinedas“Theapplicationofall

sciencestothestudyofthesea”.

Beforethenineteencentury,scientistswithaninterest

intheseawerefewandfarbetween.CertainlyNewtonconsidered

sometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritings,buthewas

reluctanttogotoseatofurtherhiswork.

Formostpeopletheseawasremote,andwiththeexception

ofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearneda

livingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmany

questionsaboutit,letalonetoaskwhatlaybeneaththe

surface.Thefirsttimethatquestion“Whatisatthebottom

oftheoceans?vhadtobeansweredwithanycommercial

consequencewaswhenthelayingofatelegraphcablefromEurope

toAmericawasproposed.Thehadtoknowthedepthprofile（起

伏形狀）oftheroutetoestimatethelengthofcablethathad

tobemanufactured,mote,andwiththeexceptionofearly

intercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearneda1ivingfrom

thesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsabout

it,letalonetoaskwhatlaybeneaththesurface.Thefirsttime

thatquestion“Whatisatthebottomoftheoceans?”hadto

beansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelaying

ofatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawasproposed.The

engineershadtoknowthedepthprofile（起伏形狀）oftheroute

toestimatethelengthofcablethathadtobemanufactured.

ItwastoMauryoftheUSNavythattheAtlanticTelegraph

Companyturned,in1853,forinformationonthismatter.Inthe

1840s,Mauryhadbeenresponsibleforencouragingvoyages

duringwhichsoundings（測(cè)身）weretakentoinvestigatethe

depthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificOceans.Later,some

ofhisfindingsarousedmuchpopularinterestinhisbookThe

PhysicalGeographyoftheSea.

Thecablewaslaid,butnotuntil1866wastheconnection

madepermanentandreliable.Attheearlyattempts,thecable

failedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepairsitwasfoundto

becoveredinlivinggrowths,afactwhichdefiedcontemporary

scientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperparts

ofthesea.

Withinafewyearsoceanographywasunderway.In1872

Thomsonledascientificexpedition（考察），whichlastedfor

fouryearsandbroughthomethousandsofsamplesfromthesea.

Theirclassificationandanalysisoccupiedscientistsfor

yearsandledtoafive-volumereport,thelastvolumebeing

publishedin1895.

題目：Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.TheproposaltolayatelegraphcablefromEuropeto

Americamadeoceanographicstudiestakeon.

A.anacademicaspect

B.amilitaryaspect

C.abusinessaspect

D.aninternationalaspect

2.ItwasthataskedMauryforhelpinoceanographic

studies.

A.theAmericanNavy

B.someearlyintercontinentaltravelers

C.thosewhoearnedalivingfromthesea

D.thecompanywhichproposedtolayanunderseacable

3.TheaimofthevoyagesMaurywasresponsibleforinthe

1840swas.

A.tomakesomesoundingexperimentsintheoceans

B.tocollectsamplesofseaplantsandanimals

C.toestimatethelengthofcablethatwasneeded

D.tomeasurethedepthsofthetwooceans

4.“Defied“inthe5thparagraphprobablymeans

a，，

A.doubted

B.gaveproofto

C.challenged

D.agreedto

5.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.thebeginningsofoceanography

B.thelayingofthefirstunderseacable

C.theinvestigationofoceandepths

D.theearlyintercontinentalcommunications

參考答案：

1.EC］事實(shí)判斷題。文章第3段第2句提到，這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解答是

具有商業(yè)結(jié)果的。C中的business為原文中commercial同義改寫(xiě)，

故選Co

2.［D］細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第4段首句為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是賓語(yǔ)。

題干也是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)。如果把原文的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改

為一般的句型，就知道向Mauiry尋求幫助的是theAtlantic

TelegraphCompany.故答案為D。A是Maury的工作單位，可以排除;

原文只提到對(duì)于一些早期的穿越洲際的旅行家和依靠海洋維持生計(jì)

的人，海洋并不遙遠(yuǎn)，故B、C與題意不符。

3.［D］事實(shí)判斷題。文章第4段提到，19世紀(jì)40年代，Maury

負(fù)責(zé)推動(dòng)進(jìn)行測(cè)深工作的海上航行，以此來(lái)探測(cè)北大西洋與太平洋的

深度.故選Do

4.[C]詞義推斷題。當(dāng)時(shí)的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)是海洋較深的地方不存在生

命，而事實(shí)上在電纜表面發(fā)現(xiàn)了活的生物.由此可知這一事實(shí)對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)

的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)提出質(zhì)疑，故答案為C。

5.[A]主旨題。通讀全文可知，oceanography（海洋學(xué)）是全文的

中心詞，本文主要講述海洋學(xué)是如何起步的，故答案為A。B、C只

表述了原文中個(gè)別細(xì)節(jié)，并非主題;D跟全文無(wú)關(guān)。

（二）

Happinesscanbedescribedasapositivemoodandapleasant

stateofmind.Accordingtorecentpolls（民意測(cè)驗(yàn)）sixtyto

seventypercentofAmericansconsiderthemselvestobe

moderatelyhappyandoneintwentypersonsfeelsveryunhappy.

Psychologistshavebeenstudyingthefactorsthatcontribute

tohappiness.Itisnotpredictablenorisapersoninan

apparentlyidealsituationnecessarilyhappy.Theideal

situationmayhavelittletodowithhisactualfeelings.

Agoodeducationandincomeareusuallyconsidered

necessaryforhappiness.Thoughbothmaycontribute,theyare

onlychieffactorsifthepersonisseriouslyundereducatedor

actuallysufferingfromlackofphysicalneeds.

Thericharenotlikelytobehappierthanthemiddle-income

grouporeventhosewithverylowincomes.Peoplewithcollege

educationsaresomewhathappierthanthosewhodidnotgraduate

fromhighschool,anditisbelievedthatthisismainlybecause

theyhavemoreopportunitytocontroltheirlives.Yetpeople

withahighincomeandacollegeeducationmaybelesshappy

thanthosewiththesameincomeandnocollegeeducation.

Poorhealthdoesnotruleouthappinessexceptforthe

severelydisabledorthoseinpain.Learningtocopewitha

healthproblemcancontributetohappiness.Thosewithagood

sexlifearehappieringeneral,butthosewhohavealoving,

affectionaterelationshiparehappierthanthosewhorelyon

sexalone.Lovehasahighercorrelationwithhappinessthan

anyotherfactor.

Itshouldbenotedthatpeoplequicklygetusedtowhatthey

have,andtheyarehappiestwhentheyfeeltheyareincreasing

theirlevelnomatterwhereitstandsatagiventime.

Childrenwhoseparentswerehappilymarriedhavehappier

childhoodsarenotnecessarilyhappieradults.

Thebestformulaforhappinessistobeabletodevelopthe

abilitytotoleratefrustration,tohaveapersonalinvolvement

andcommitment,andtodevelopself-confidenceand

self-esteem.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.happinessispredictable

B.apersoninanapparentlyidealsituationmustbehappy

C.thericharelikelytobehappierthanthemiddle-income

group

D.happinessisnotnecessarilyconnectedtoone's

situationinsociety

2.Peoplewithcollegeeducation.

A.arenothappierthanthosewhohaveonlyaneducation

athighschool

B.aremuchhappierthanthosewhodidnotgraduatefrom

highschool

C.havelessopportunitytocontroltheirlives

D.havemoreopportunitytocontroltheirlives

3.Accordingtothearticle,happinessisgreatlydependent

upon.

A.ahappychildhood

B.greatwealth

C.afeelingthatconditionsarebecomingforthebetter

D.acollegedegree

24.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytocontributeto

happiness?

A.Beingexceptionallygood-looking.

B.Havingaloving,affectionaterelationship.

C.Havingagoodpayingjob.

D.Meetinglotsofpeople.

5.Whichofthefollowingattitudesorfeelingsismost

likelytobefoundinhappypeople?

A.Havingself-esteem.

B.Beingsureofkeepingeverythingtheyalreadyhave.

C.Neverbeingjealous.

D.Knowinghowtobecharming.

答案：1.D2.D3.C4.B5.A

（三）

TheNationalTrustinBritainplaysanincreasingly

importantpartinthepreservationforpublicenjoymentofthe

bestthatisleftunspoiledoftheBritishcountryside.

AlthoughtheTrusthasreceivedpracticalandmoralsupportfrom

theGovernment,itisnotrichGovernmentdepartment.Itisa

charitywhichdependsforitsexistenceonvoluntarysupport

frommembersofthepublic.

Theattentionofthepublicwasfirstdrawntothedangers

threateningthegreatoldhousesandcastlesofBritainbythe

deathofLordLothian,wholefthisgreatseventeenth-century

housetotheTrusttogetherwiththe4,500-acreparkandestate

surroundingit.Thisgiftattractedwidepublicityandstarted

theTrust's"CountryHouseScheme”.Underthisscheme,withthe

helpoftheGovernmentandthegeneralpublic,theTrusthas

beenabletosaveandopentothepublicaboutonehundredand

fiftyoftheseoldhouses.Lastyearaboutoneandthreequarters

ofamillionpeoplepaidtovisitthesehistorichouses,usually

ataverysmallcharge.

InadditiontocountryhousesandopenspacestheTrustnow

ownssomeexamplesofancientwindandwatermills,nature

reserves,fivehundredandfortyfarmsandnearlytwothousand

fivehundredcottagesorsmallvillagehouses,aswellassome

completevillages.Inthesevillagesnooneisallowedtobuild,

developordisturbtheoldvillageenvironmentinanywayand

allthehousesaremaintainedintheiroriginal

sixteenth-centurystyle.Overfourhundredthousandacresof

coastline,woodland,andhillcountryareprotectedbythe

Trustandnodevelopmentordisturbanceofanykindare

permitted.Thepublichasfreeaccesstotheseareasandisonly

askedtorespectthepeace,beautyandwildlife.

SoitisthatoverthepasteightyyearstheTrusthasbecome

abigimportantorganizationandanessentialandrespected

partofnationallife,preservingallthatisofgreatnatural

beautyandofhistoricalsignificancenotonlyforfuture

generationsofBritonsbutalsoforthemillionsoftourists

whoeachyearinvadeBritaininsearchofagreathistorical

andculturalheritage.

練習(xí)題：Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.TheNationalTrustis.

A.arichgovernmentdepartment

B.acharitysupportedmainlybythepublic

C.agroupofareasofgreatnaturalbeauty

D.anorganizationsupportedbypublictaxes

2.The"CountryHouseScheme"wasstarted.

A.withthefoundingoftheNationalTrust

B.asthefirstprojectoftheNationalTrust

C.afterLordLothian'sdonation

D.toprotectLordLothian'shouse

3.LandprotectedbytheNationalTrust.

A.canbedevelopedandmodernized

B.includesnaturallyandhistoricallyvaluablesites

C.consistsofcountryhousesandnaturereserves

D.isprimarilyfortouriststoBritain

4.Theword"invade"inthelastparagraphisusedto

emphasizethat.

A.theBritishdonotliketourists

B.touriststoBritainareunfriendly

C.touristscometoBritaininlargenumbers

D.Britainisattackedbymassesoftourists

5.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto.

A.informthereadersabouttheNationalTrust

B.promotetheNationalTrust,smembership

C.makepeopleawareofthenaturalbeautyofBritain

D.letthegeneralpublicsharetheviewsoftheNational

Trust

答案：

1.[B]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第1段末句可找到答案。選項(xiàng)A顯

然與原文意思相反，選項(xiàng)C和D則無(wú)原文依據(jù)。

2.[C]推理判斷題。第2段第2句表明洛錫安勛爵捐贈(zèng)了他的

房產(chǎn)后，這個(gè)計(jì)劃才啟動(dòng)起來(lái)，因此選項(xiàng)C正確，也由此可以否定選

項(xiàng)A。根據(jù)第2段最后兩句可知這個(gè)計(jì)劃是為了保護(hù)具有歷史價(jià)值的

房子,而不僅僅是為了保護(hù)洛錫安勛爵的房子，因此選項(xiàng)D不對(duì)。

3.[B]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段從preserving開(kāi)始的部分指出了

本題的答案。第3段倒數(shù)第2句所說(shuō)的"nodevelopmentor

disturbancesofanykindarepermitted”可幫助排除選項(xiàng)A;選

項(xiàng)C內(nèi)容不完整;選項(xiàng)D中的限制詞primarily使用不妥,無(wú)原文依

據(jù)。

4.[C]詞義推斷題。由invade所在的句子Kforthemillions

oftouristswhoeachyearinvade.?！笨芍@是托管會(huì)保護(hù)自然

美景和歷史勝地的原因所在。從而可以推斷出invade強(qiáng)調(diào)來(lái)英國(guó)游

玩的游客之多，因此選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

5.[A]主旨大意題。縱觀全文可發(fā)現(xiàn)theNationalTrust和

theTrust在文章開(kāi)頭以及文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn),文章是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要

目的是介紹theNationalTrust的機(jī)構(gòu)性質(zhì)及其功能，因此選項(xiàng)A

正確。文章未討論托管會(huì)的成員問(wèn)題，因此選項(xiàng)B不正確。最后兩段

雖然提到英國(guó)的自然景色很美，但這并非文章的主題思想，因此選項(xiàng)

C不對(duì)。本題最具干擾性的是選項(xiàng)D,但是本文并不是一篇議論文，

其目的不是讓讀者認(rèn)同其中的觀點(diǎn)，文章更多的是用說(shuō)明性的語(yǔ)言來(lái)

說(shuō)明托管會(huì)的一些做法。

（四）

網(wǎng)絡(luò)商業(yè)

InthefirstyearorsoofWebbusiness,mostoftheaction

hasrevolvedaroundeffortstoLaptheconsumermarket.More

recently,astheWebprovedtobemorethanafashion,companies

havestartedtobuyandsellproductsandserviceswith

oneanother.Suchbusiness-to-businesssalesmakesensebecause

businesspeopletypicallyknowwhatproductthey'relooking

for.

Nonetheless,manycompaniesstillhesitatetousetheWeb

becauseofdoubtsaboutitsreliability.''Businessesneedto

feeltheycantrustthepathwaybetweenthemandthesupplier,“

sayssenioranalystBlaneErwinofForresterResearch.Some

companiesarelimitingtheriskbyconductingonline

transactionsonlywithestablishedbusinesspartnerswho

aregivenaccesstothecompany'sprivateintranet.

AnothermajorshiftinthemodelforInternetcommerce

concernsthetechnologyavailableformarketing.Untilrecently,

Internetmarketingactivitieshavefocusedonstrategiesto

"pull"customersintosites.Inthepastyear,however,

softwarecompanieshavedevelopedtoolschatallowcompaniesto

"push"informationdirectlyouttoconsumers,transmitting

marketingmessagesdirectlytotargetedcustomers,Mostnotably,

thePointcastNetworkusesascreensavertodelivera

continuallyupdatedstreamofnewsandadvertisementsto

subscribers;computermonitors.Subscriberscancustomizethe

informationtheywanttoreceiveandproceeddirectlytoa

company,sWebsite.CompaniessuchasVirtualVineyardsare

alreadystartingtousesimilartechnologiestopushmessages

tocustomersaboutspecialsales,productoffering,orother

events.ButpushtechnologyhasearnedthecontemptofmanyWeb

users.Onlineculturethinkshighlyofthenotionthatthe

informationflowingontothescreencomestherebyspecific

request.Oncecommercialpromotionbeginstofillthescreen

uninvited,thedistinctionbetweentheWebandtelevisionfades.

Thar'saprospectthathorrifiesNetpurists.

ButitishardlyinevitablethatcompaniesontheWebwill

needtoresorttopushstrategiestomakemoney,Theexamples

ofVirtualVineyards,Aandotherpioneersshowthat

aWebsitesellingtheright,kindofproductswiththeright

mixofinteractivity,hospitality,andsecuritywillattract

onlinecustomers,Andthecostofcomputingpowercontinuesto

freefall,whichisagoodsignforanyenterprisesettingup

shopmsilicon.Peoplelookingback5orlOyearsfromnowmay

wellwonderwhysofewcompaniestooktheonlineplunge.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutthepresentWebbusiness?

A)Webbusinessisnolongerinfashion.

B)Business-to-businesssalesarethetrend.

C)Webbusinessisprosperousintheconsumermarket.

D)ManycompaniesstilllackconfidenceinWebbusiness.

2.EstablishedbusinesspartnersarepreferredinWeb

businessbecause.

A)theyaremorecreditablethanothers

B)theyspecifytheproductstheywant

C)theyhaveaccesstothecompany,sprivateintranet

D)theyarecapableofconductingonlinetransactions

3.PointcastNetworkismostprobably.

A)acompanythatdevelopsthelatestpushsoftware

B)atoolthatpromotesacompany,sonlinemarketing

C)thefirs!companythatusedanonlinepushsoftware

D)themostpopularsoftwarethathelpsacompanypush

4.Netpuristsarcmostworriedthat.

A)onlytherequestedinformationcomestothescreen

B)theNetisfilledwithcommercialpromotion

C)thedifferencebetweentheWebandTVwillfade

D)pushtechnologywilldominatethescreenofthe

computers

5.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoexpressbymentioning

Amazon,com'?

A)Itssuccessisattributedtopushstrategies.

B)Itisprosperouswithoutpushstrategies.

C)Itishighlyconcernedaboutthecostofcomputingpower.

D)Itisagoodexampleoftheflourishingonlinebusiness.

答案:

1.對(duì)于目前的網(wǎng)絡(luò)商務(wù)我們知道什么？

A）網(wǎng)絡(luò)商務(wù)不再時(shí)興。

B）企業(yè)對(duì)企業(yè)電子商務(wù)是潮流。

0網(wǎng)絡(luò)商務(wù)在消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)正興旺。

D）許多公司對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)商務(wù)依然缺少自信。

[D]第2段開(kāi)頭的Nonetheless表明該句與首段提到的內(nèi)容有轉(zhuǎn)

折關(guān)系，而D與該句內(nèi)容相同，為本題答案。

2.在網(wǎng)絡(luò)商務(wù)中已建立關(guān)系的商業(yè)伙伴是優(yōu)先的，因?yàn)閛

A）他們比其他人更可信

B）他們能詳細(xì)說(shuō)明自己想要的產(chǎn)品

C）他們擁有進(jìn)入公司專(zhuān)用內(nèi)部網(wǎng)的權(quán)利

D）他們能夠進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上交易

[A]由第2段最后一句可知公司這樣做的原因是為“控制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”,

而再由上文中的reliability,trust等詞可看出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題是源于''信

譽(yù)”問(wèn)題，只有A與該段所說(shuō)的核心意思相符，故選A。

3.PointcastNetwork最可能是。

A）研發(fā)最新推銷(xiāo)軟件的公司

B）促進(jìn)公司網(wǎng)上營(yíng)銷(xiāo)的工具

C）第一家使用網(wǎng)上推銷(xiāo)軟件的公司

D）幫助公司進(jìn)行推銷(xiāo)的最流行軟件

[A]第3段第4句開(kāi)頭的Mostnotably表明該句提及的Pointcast

Network是說(shuō)明上一句觀點(diǎn)的例子，由此可見(jiàn)，PointcastNetwork

應(yīng)為一家開(kāi)發(fā)軟件的公司，因此A為本題答案。

4.網(wǎng)絡(luò)純粹主義者最擔(dān)心o

A）只有被需求的信息顯示在屏幕上

B）網(wǎng)絡(luò)中滿是商業(yè)促銷(xiāo)

C）網(wǎng)絡(luò)和電視的區(qū)別會(huì)淡化

D）網(wǎng)上推銷(xiāo)技術(shù)將掌控屏幕

[D]第3段末句開(kāi)頭的That'saprospect表明前面提到的內(nèi)容

就是使網(wǎng)絡(luò)凈化者覺(jué)得擔(dān)憂的問(wèn)題，上文說(shuō)網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告不應(yīng)像電視那樣

不請(qǐng)自來(lái)，由此可見(jiàn)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)凈化者最擔(dān)心的是以后電腦屏幕會(huì)被不請(qǐng)

自來(lái)的廣告占據(jù)，因此D為本題答案。

5.關(guān)于亞馬遜我們能推斷出什么？

A）其成功源于網(wǎng)上推銷(xiāo)策略。

B）它沒(méi)有采用推銷(xiāo)策略，仍很繁榮。

C）它對(duì)計(jì)算能力的花費(fèi)高度關(guān)注。

D）它是繁榮的網(wǎng)絡(luò)商務(wù)的一個(gè)很好的例子。

[B]末段首句中的hardlyinevitable（不是不可避免）表明有些

公司不使用“推銷(xiāo)”策略也可取得成功，第2句以Amazon.com為例

說(shuō)明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，由此可見(jiàn),B正確而A錯(cuò)誤。

（五）

動(dòng)物世界

Naturally,magroupofanimalsasdiverseasthesnakes,

andwithsomanyvariedenemies,therearenumerousdefensive

reactionsanddevices.Thereis.however,onegeneralpattern

ofbehavior.Inthepresenceofsuspectedenemythefirst

reactionistotrytoescapeobservation;ifthisfails,the

nextresortistheflightcosomeinaccessibleretreat,butif

thisisnotpossible,oriscircumvented.variouskindsof

intimidatorygesturesandwarningdevicesarebrought

intoplay;inthelastresortthesnakeattacks.This

patternvaneswiththecircumstances;somestagesmaybe

omittedorcombinedunpredictablywhilstallsomenotoriously

irasciblespeciesmaydispensewithallthepreliminariesand

attackalmostatonce,thoughseldomorneverwithoutsome

provocation.

Amongstthefactorsthatincreaseaggressivenessare

hunger,thematingseasonandsurprise,withthelastmentioned

thecommonest;whenhuntingforfoodorformate,activityand

theaggressiveinstinctarebothattheirpeak.Owingtotheir

poorsenseofhearingsnakesareveryliabletobe,quite

literally,caughtnappingandasimilarsituationarisesduring

theirperiodsoftemporaryblindnessjustbeforesloughing（蛻

皮）begins.Byfarthegreatestnumberofsnake-bitaccidents

resultfromtheunwittingdisturbanceofrestingsnakes,and

thishazardismuchincreasedwithspeciesthatarewell

disguisedandwhosenaturalinstinctistotrusttothis

concealmentastheirprincipaldefense.Aswellasdifferences

inaggressivenessbetweenindividualsofthesamespecies

accordingtothecircumstancesandconditions,therearealso

notabledifferencesbetweenspecies,evencloselyallied

species;andthereportsofthosewhohavebeenattackedmay

understandablybelackinginobjectivity.Soitisimpossible

toforecast,eveninoutline,howanyencounterwilldevelop.

TheHamadryad,forexample,isusuallycreditedwithbeing

amongstthemostaggressiveofsnakes.andtherearemany

accountsofunprovokedattacks,yetononeoccasionfourteenmen

andsevendogspassedandreturnedwithintwoyardsfromanest

andnosnakewasseenalthoughthefemale,whichguardsthenest,

couldnothavebeenfaraway.

1.Whenasnakemeetsapotentialenemy,itsprimarydevice

is.

A)avoidinganyobservation

B)Findingasafeshelter

C)givingawarningthreat

D)startingaquickattack

2.Theunderlinedphrase''dispensewithallthe

preliminaries“inParagraphImostprobablymeans.

A)thesnakescombineallthepreviousthreesteps

B)thesnakesgiveupallthepreviousthreesteps

C)chesnakesfollowallthepreviousstepsonebyone

D)thesnakesreversetheorderofalltheprevioussteps

3.Asnakeismostaggressivewhen.

A)itmeetsapossibleenemy

B)itiscaughtwhenitissleepingorsloughing

C)itisdisturbedunknowingly

D)itseeksapartnerinchematingseason

4.Itisdifficulttopredictwhatwouldhappenwhenasnake

meetsamanbecause.

A)noonebaseverclearlyknownhowhehimselfwasbit

B)mantendstobesubjectivewhenhedescribeshis

encounterwithasnake

C)theaggressivenessofthesnakesdiffersaccordingto

diversesituations

D)asnakedoesnotbegincoattackwithoutprovocation

5.Theauthorusestheexampleinthelastparagraphm

supporthisideathat.

A)snakesdonotbegintheaggressiveactifitisnot

disturbed

B)somesnakesaremoreaggressiveandmorereadytoattack

C)itishardtoforecastwhetherandhowsnakeswould

attack

D)snakesoftenconcealthemselvesastheirprincipal

defense

答案：

1.當(dāng)蛇遇到了潛在的敵人，它主要的做法會(huì)是。

A）避開(kāi)任何監(jiān)視

B）找一個(gè)安全的庇護(hù)場(chǎng)所

C）給出一個(gè)警告威脅

D）開(kāi)始快速攻擊

[A]首段第3句提到了蛇遇到可疑敵人時(shí)的行為模式：首先躲開(kāi)

對(duì)方的監(jiān)視，第二步是尋找安全藏身處，第三是向?qū)Ψ桨l(fā)出警告，最

后實(shí)施攻擊，因此選項(xiàng)A為本題答案。選項(xiàng)B、C和D分別是對(duì)第二、

第三和最后一步的近義替換，因此都不是正確答案。

2.第1段里含有下劃線的短語(yǔ)“dispensewithallthe

preliminaries”的意思最可能是。

A）蛇結(jié)合了所有之前的三個(gè)步驟

B）蛇會(huì)放棄所有之前的三個(gè)步驟

C）蛇會(huì)依據(jù)之前的步驟一步一步進(jìn)行

D）蛇會(huì)保留所有之前步驟的順序

[B]首段最后一句中dispensewith的前面提到過(guò)somestages

maybeomittedorcombined,而下文提至Uattackalmostatonce,

這稅明dispensewith應(yīng)表示有些蛇不做前幾個(gè)步驟，而立刻展開(kāi)進(jìn)

攻，因此它的意思應(yīng)等同于omit”免除，省略”,也即選項(xiàng)B中的give

upo其他選項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法上都說(shuō)得通，但是與下文的attackalmostatonce

不一致，因此都不是正確答案。

3.蛇最有攻擊性的時(shí)候是o

A）遇到了可能是敵人的動(dòng)物

B）在睡覺(jué)或蛻皮的時(shí)候給提住

C）在其沒(méi)有防備的情況下受到干擾

D）在交配季節(jié)求偶的時(shí)候

[D]第2段首句中第2個(gè)分句的mate一詞與選項(xiàng)D同義，因此選

項(xiàng)D為本題答案。其他選項(xiàng)都在文中提到過(guò)，也是蛇會(huì)對(duì)敵人實(shí)施還

擊的情況，但是這三個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)和正確選項(xiàng)之間的區(qū)別就在于，文中沒(méi)

有提到在這些情況下"Asnakeismostaggressive（蛇最具有攻擊

性）”，因此本題要緊扣第2段首句和其中的peak這個(gè)單詞。

4.很難預(yù)測(cè)當(dāng)蛇遇到人的時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情，因?yàn)閛

A）從來(lái)就沒(méi)有人知道是怎么被蛇攻擊的

B）在形容與蛇遭遇的情形時(shí)，人們總是主觀性較強(qiáng)

C）在不同的情況下蛇的攻擊性程度都不一樣

D）沒(méi)有遭到挑釁的話，蛇是不會(huì)攻擊人的

[C]第2段最后兩句由So連接，顯示倒數(shù)第2句是原因，最后一

句是結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)C是對(duì)倒數(shù)第2句的概括，為本題答案。選項(xiàng)A和選

項(xiàng)D與題干之間沒(méi)什么關(guān)聯(lián)，易排除;選項(xiàng)B雖然與該段倒數(shù)第2句

的后一個(gè)分句意思相符，但它只是作為附加信息以說(shuō)明蛇的個(gè)體行為

差異很大，故也可排除。

5.在最后一個(gè)段落中，作者使用了例子來(lái)支持他的觀點(diǎn):

A）如果不受干擾的話，蛇是不會(huì)率先發(fā)起攻擊行為的。

B）一些蛇更具攻擊性，也更趨向隨時(shí)進(jìn)行攻擊。

C）很難預(yù)測(cè)蛇是否會(huì)做出攻擊，會(huì)怎樣做出攻擊。

D）蛇主要的防衛(wèi)方式就是隱藏自己。

[C]第3段開(kāi)頭就有forexample這個(gè)標(biāo)志性的詞組，表明這一

句是為了支持上文的例子。結(jié)合第2段末句可知，第3段是為了證明

其不可預(yù)測(cè)性的，故C正確。

（六）

城市發(fā)展

Masstransportationrevisedthesocialandeconomicfabric

oftheAmericancityinthreefundamentalways.Itcatalyzed

physicalexpansion,itsortedoutpeopleandlanduses,andit

acceleratedtheinherentinstabilityofurbanlife.Byopening

vastareasofunoccupiedlandforresidentialexpansion,the

omnibuses,horserailways,commutertrains,andelectric

trolleyspulledsettledregionsoutwardtwotofourtimesmore

distantformcitycentersthantheywereinthepremodernera.

In1850,forexample,thebordersofBostonlayscarcelytwo

milesfromtheoldbusinessdistrict;bytheturnofthecentury

theradiusextendedtenmiles.Nowthosewhocouldaffordit

couldlivefarremovedfromtheoldcitycenterandstillcommute

thereforwork,shopping,andentertainment.Thenew

accessibilityoflandaroundtheperipheryofalmostevery

majorcit