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試題來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理,如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除試題來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理,如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除試題來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理,如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除2023年專業(yè)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題試卷及答案(二)聽(tīng)寫

1.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassage,exceptthefirstsentence,willbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsoffifteenseconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.YouwillthenbegivenONEminutetocheckyourworkoncemore.WriteonANSWERSHEETONE.Thefirstsentenceofthepassageisalreadyprovided.Now,listentothepassage.ChineseCivilizationChinaisalong-standingcivilization.

【正確答案】ChineseCivilizationChinaisalong-standingcivilization.Eachhistoricalperiodhasitsowndetailedwrittenrecords,/passingonitsculturetothemodernday./Therefore,Chineseyoungpeoplehaveastrongsenseofculturaidentification./Tothem,theideaofpatriotismisofgreatimportance,/asithasrunconsistentlythroughoutallofChinesehistory.

【聽(tīng)力原文】ChineseCivilizationChinaisalong-standingcivilization.Eachhistoricalperiodhasitsowndetailedwrittenrecords,/passingonitsculturetothemodernday./Therefore,Chineseyoungpeoplehaveastrongsenseofculturaidentification./Tothem,theideaofpatriotismisofgreatimportance,/asithasrunconsistentlythroughoutallofChinesehistory.

【試題解析】由標(biāo)題可知,文章圍繞“中華文明”這一主題展開(kāi)。考生在聽(tīng)第一遍的時(shí)候不要急于動(dòng)筆,要把握文章整體結(jié)構(gòu),理清思路。聽(tīng)完第一遍可知,本文首先概述中華文明代代相傳,直至今天。之后,文章出現(xiàn)表示順承的詞語(yǔ)Therefore,說(shuō)明有史可查的中華文明帶給中國(guó)年輕人很強(qiáng)的文化認(rèn)同感。最后,由文化認(rèn)同感再引申出愛(ài)國(guó)情懷,說(shuō)明對(duì)于中國(guó)的年輕人來(lái)說(shuō),愛(ài)國(guó)思想至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)樗灤┝苏麄€(gè)中國(guó)歷史。聽(tīng)第二遍錄音的時(shí)候要按意群來(lái)聽(tīng),抓住句型和關(guān)鍵詞,寫出基本完整的句子。聽(tīng)第三遍的時(shí)候?qū)⒕渥友a(bǔ)充完整,可根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則將某些無(wú)法聽(tīng)清的弱讀詞,如its、of等,添加到句子中合適的位置。聽(tīng)最后一遍錄音時(shí)要邊聽(tīng)邊校對(duì),尤其要注意個(gè)別較長(zhǎng)的單詞的拼寫、形容詞的后綴和不定冠詞a,消滅丟分點(diǎn)。短文的第二句中形容詞比較多,如historical、detailed等,在聽(tīng)寫時(shí)很容易將-al、-ed這些后綴漏掉,需要依靠扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法基本功將其補(bǔ)全。此外,本句中的形容詞性物主代詞its是弱讀詞語(yǔ),注意不要漏寫,也不要將其誤寫成it's。短文的第三句雖然不長(zhǎng),但第二、三遍錄音沒(méi)有對(duì)這一句話進(jìn)行拆分,這就需要考生掌握一些實(shí)用的速記技巧,根據(jù)記憶迅速記錄下文字。本句的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)有兩個(gè):第一,Chinese首字母大寫要明顯,與小寫C區(qū)分開(kāi);第二,identification一詞較長(zhǎng),注意拼寫正確。最后一句中的patriotism和consistently稍有難度,要注意拼寫正確。

講座

GlobalUseofEnglish.ReasonsforglobaluseofEnglish—globalization:internationalprocessof【T1】________【T1】________—【T2】________ofEnglishintheprocess【T2】________.ReactionstoglobaluseofEnglish—【T3】________【T3】________—superiorityoverotherlanguages:【T4】________【T4】________—neutrality:e.g.【T5】________inIndia【T5】________—co-existencewith【T6】________【T6】________—negativeviews—usingEnglishinnon-English-speakingcountries:【T7】________【T7】________reason:affectingthelocallanguagee.g.makingthelocallanguage【T8】________【T8】________—usingEnglishisnot【T9】________【T9】________reason:particularpoliticalandeconomicgoalse.g.morelikelyto【T10】________【T10】________

【正確答案】

【聽(tīng)力原文】GlobalUseofEnglishGoodmorning,everybody.Intoday'ssession,we'llfirstlookathowEnglishisusedworldwide,andthendiscusssomeofthedifferentreactions.Nowlet'sthinkaboutthisquestion:WhatarepeopleusingEnglishfor?Inordertoanswerthisquestion,we'lllookatamajorworldwidetrendthathashadinfluenceonthespreadofEnglish.ThetrendI'mtalkingaboutisglobalization.Thenwhatisglobalization?Inshort,itisaprocessofoperatingbusinessesinalotofcountriesallovertheworld.Indoingbusinessworldwide,thereisagrowingneedforpeopletobeabletocommunicatewithmembersoforganizations,forexample,colleagues,customers,andpartnersthroughouttheworld.AndEnglishisthelanguagethatisusedmostwidelyininternationalbusinesscommunication.SopeopleneedtoknowEnglishsoastocommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcountriesorplacesaroundtheworld.ThatperhapsexplainswhyEnglishhasbecomeapopularmeansofinternationalbusinesscommunication.Okay,nowlet'smoveontoanothertopicandlookathowEnglishisviewedaroundtheworld.ThefirstopinionisthatthespreadofEnglishisgoodfortheworld.PeoplewhobelievethisarguethatEnglishisactuallysuperiortootherlanguages.Theysaythat,forinstance,ithasthemostexpressivevocabularyofanyoftheotherlanguagesintheworldandisthereforeabetterlanguageforcommunicatingideas.Well,anotherpointofviewisthatthespreadofEnglishisabenefitbecauseit'sneutral.Whyisitso?WhenwelookatacountrylikeIndia,forexample,wecanunderstandthisopinion.Thereareatleast33differentregionallanguagesinIndia.Sowhichoneshouldtheyuse,say,incourtroomsorlegaldocuments?InIndia,theyhavedecidedtouseEnglishsothatnobodycanfeelinsulted.People,whoholdthisopinion,thatis,Englishisgoodbecauseit'sneutral,alsosaythatEnglishisabenefitaslongasitcanexisttogetherwithotherlanguages.Nowlet'slookattwonegativeopinionsaboutEnglish.ThefirstpointisthespreadoruseofEnglishintonon-English-speakingcountriescanbeharmfulandisactuallydangerous.ThepeoplewhoholdthisopinionthinkthattheuseofEnglishcouldnegativelyaffectthelocallanguage.Howcoulditdothis?Forexample,itcouldmakethelocallanguagelesspure.Infact,theysayit'simportanttoactivelyprotectthelocallanguagefromtheinfluenceofEnglish.TheothernegativeviewstatesthatEnglishisnotaneutralforce,butinstead,itsspreadispartofaplanwithveryparticularpoliticalandeconomicgoals.Accordingtothisview,peoplewhospeakEnglishwouldhaveabetterchanceofinfluencingorevencontrollingothers,thecountriesandtheeconomiesoftheworld.Theyfearthatindividualcountrieswillactuallylosetheirspecialanduniquequalities.Okay.Towrapup,we'vetakenabrieflookatfouropinionsaboutthespreadoruseofEnglish.ThatshouldgiveyousomeideaoftheattitudestowardsthespreadofEnglishglobally.Asweknow,theopinionsvaryandpeoplehavedifferentviews.Forus,weneedtothinkabouthowtouseEnglishtothebestinterestsofourpeopleandourcountry,whichwillbecoveredinthenextsession.Anyquestions?

2.【T1】

【正確答案】operatingbusinesses

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,全球化就是一個(gè)在全世界很多國(guó)家經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)的過(guò)程。故答案為operatingbusinesses。

3.【T2】

【正確答案】thewideuse

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,進(jìn)行國(guó)際商務(wù)交流時(shí),英語(yǔ)是使用最廣泛的語(yǔ)言。音頻中使用了most來(lái)修飾副詞widely,表示最高級(jí),但答題卡提綱中的空格位于ofEnglish之前,需要填入的是名詞或名詞性的短語(yǔ)。因此,可將音頻中的isusedmostwidely改寫為名詞性短語(yǔ)thewideuse。故答案為thewideuse。

4.【T3】

【正確答案】positiveviews

【試題解析】歸納題。根據(jù)原句可知,這兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)分別認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)的傳播對(duì)世界有好處、英語(yǔ)的傳播是有益的,都對(duì)英語(yǔ)的傳播持贊成或支持的態(tài)度。再結(jié)合提綱后半部分出現(xiàn)的與該題并列的層級(jí)negativeviews,可以得出本題答案為positiveviews。

5.【T4】

【正確答案】mostexpressivevocabulary

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,他們認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)比世界上其他語(yǔ)言更為優(yōu)越,是因?yàn)榕c其他語(yǔ)言相比,英語(yǔ)擁有最具表現(xiàn)力的詞匯。故答案為mostexpressivevocabulary。

6.【T5】

【正確答案】thelegallanguage

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,印度至少有33種不同的地方語(yǔ)言,但是為了讓所有人都不會(huì)感覺(jué)受到冒犯,印度選擇在法庭或法律文件中使用英語(yǔ)。音頻中以印度將英語(yǔ)指定為處理法律事務(wù)的專用語(yǔ)言這種做法為例,來(lái)證明英語(yǔ)的中立性。故答案為thelegallanguage。

7.【T6】

【正確答案】otherlanguages

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,有些人認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)好是因?yàn)樗侵行缘模@些人還認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)有益的前提是它能與其他語(yǔ)言共存。故答案為otherlanguages。co-existence是對(duì)音頻中existtogether的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。

8.【T7】

【正確答案】harmfulanddangerous

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,在非英語(yǔ)國(guó)家傳播或使用英語(yǔ)可能是有害的,并且實(shí)際上是危險(xiǎn)的。本句的關(guān)鍵詞是harmful和dangerous。故答案為harmfulanddangerous。

9.【T8】

【正確答案】lesspure

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,在非英語(yǔ)國(guó)家使用英語(yǔ)可能會(huì)使當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言變得不那么純正。故答案為lesspure。

10.【T9】

【正確答案】neutral

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,英語(yǔ)并不是真正中立的語(yǔ)言,將英語(yǔ)傳播到非英語(yǔ)國(guó)家是一個(gè)具有特殊政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo)的計(jì)劃的一部分。故答案為neutral。

11.【T10】

【正確答案】influence/controlothers

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原句可知,說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人更有機(jī)會(huì)影響甚至控制他人。故答案為influence/controlother’s。

會(huì)話

12.

(A)Abusinessfirm.

(B)Acarcompany.

(C)Amagazineagency.

(D)Alanguageschool.

【正確答案】C

【聽(tīng)力原文】W:Hello,Mr.Chen.Takeaseat.M:Thanks,Mrs.Robinson.JustcallmeTim,please.W:Okay,Tim,howareyoudoingthismorning?M:Verywell.Thanks.Actually,I'mquiteexcited.W:Oh?M:I'vebeenabigfanofyourmagazineformanyyearsnow.Ilovewhatyoudohere.Iloveyourwittywriting,thecleverfeatures,andeventhelayout.W:Niceofyoutosayso.We'vebeenworkinghardtotrytokeepourmagazineascurrentandrelevantaspossible.SoI'velookedoveryourresume.You'rebilingual,aren'tyou?M:Yes.Actually,technically,Chineseismymothertongue.MyparentsimmigratedtoCanadawhenIwasseven.IthenstartedtolearnEnglishandFrench.LaterIwenttoschoolintheStatesandEuropeaswell.ButmyFrenchisjustconversational.W:Well,beingmultilingualisalwaysaplus.Wearethinkingaboutexpandingouroperations.Andofcourse,Chinaisahugemarket.OK.Hereisaquestionthatmightseemkindofoffthewall.Ifyouwereacar,whatkindofcarwouldyoube?Andwhy?M:Mmm.Interestingquestion.I'dsayI'dbeoneofthetypesofthosesportscars.Nottoobig,nottooflashyontheoutsideorlessspaciousinside,butlotsofpowerunderthehood.Youareaskingthistogetasenseofmypersonality,right?W:Yeah.That'stheidea.Soyou'resayingthatyouarereliableandquitepowerful.Isthatso?M:Well,that'sagoodwayofputtingit.W:OK.Howwouldyousayyoureactundergreatpressure?M:I'vehadtomakealotofmajoradjustmentsinmylife,suchasmovingtoanewcountry,pickingupanewlanguage,andmakingnewfriends.I'dsayitwasallcompletelystressful.ButIfacedeachchallengeasitcame.Andstepbystep,thingsgotbetter.Forme,thewholekeyisnottoletthingspileup,butinsteadtofaceeachproblemandattackithead-on.W:OK.Sowhatwouldyousayisthemostimportantthinginyourjob?M:Havinggooddirectionfrommysupervisors,butalsoahighdegreeoffreedomtoimplementcreativeideas.Ineedguidance,butofcourse,Idon'twantmycreativitytobestifled.W:Couldyoutellmewhyyouleftyourlastjob?M:Well,Ineededachallenge.IfeltlikeIwasinacomfortzoneandIneededtoshakethingsupinmylife.Butthatdoesn'tmeanI'mtooambitious.Ienjoyedmytimeatmylastjob,butIfeellikeI'mreadyforthemajorleagues.W:Inoticedthatyouhaverecommendationlettersfromeachofyourprevioussupervisors.Theircommentsareallquitepositive.M:I'mhonoredthattheyvaluedmywork.IfoundthatIgenerallygetalongwellwithmysupervisorsandalsoco-workers.W:Well,thanksforcomingtoday,Tim.Wewillbereviewingyourinfoandyou'llgetacallbackwithinaweek.M:Great!Thanksforyourtime.I'llbelookingforwardtoyourcall.1.Whichorganizationisinterviewingtheman?2.Howmanylanguagescanthemanspeak?3.Accordingtotheman,whattypeofsportscardoeshewanttobe?4.Howdoesthemandealwithchallengesunderpressure?5.Whatdoesthemanconsiderimportantinhisjob?

【試題解析】推斷題。根據(jù)原句可知,女士所在的機(jī)構(gòu)正努力使自家出版的雜志盡可能緊跟當(dāng)下潮流,女士也看過(guò)了男士的簡(jiǎn)歷。由此可推知,女士正在代表一家雜志社對(duì)男士進(jìn)行面試。因此C為答案。

13.

(A)Anorganizationforstreetchildren.

(B)Themiserablelifeofstreetchildren.

(C)Reasonsforbeingvolunteersforthehomeless.

(D)MeasuresofhelpingAmericanhomelesschildren.

【正確答案】A

【聽(tīng)力原文】W:Welcomeback.JoiningusnowisRickJohnson,founderanddirectorofStandUpForKids.Thankyouforjoiningus.M:Thanks,Lisa.Thankyouforhavingme.W:So,Rick,couldyoutelluswhatisStandUpForKids?M:Well,itisanAmericannationwidenon-profitorganization,allvolunteers,in37cities,thatgoestothestreetsandhelpshomelessandstreetchildren.W:Andhowdoyouhelpthem?Whatdoyoudoforthem?M:Well,wecarrybackpacksfulloffoodandclothesandhygieneproducts.Butwealsohaveallthedata.Ineverycity,wedoalotofsurveystofindoutwhatresourcesareavailabletokids.Andwetellthem:Here'swherethesheltersare,thecentersare,theclinicsare.WehelpthemgetIDcardsandbirthcertificates,teachthemhowtodrive,howtoshop,howtocook,howtofurnishapartments.Imeanalltheskillsforsurvival.Everything.W:Yeah.M:Ithinkalltoooftenpeoplelookathomelessnessasbeinghomeless.Butforchildren,nofamily,nocommunity,noschool,noneighbors.It'snotjusthomeless.It'slifeless.Youhavetohelpthemputthisbacktogetherfirst.W:AmIriskingtoaskifyouwereeveroneofthoseonthestreet?M:Yes,Iwas.Foralmostthreeyears.W:Now,again,canIbesoboldastoaskwhyyouwerethere?M:Well,Iwaskickedoutofthehouseattheageof14.W:14?M:Yeah.Mymotherwasasingleparent.Wedidn'tnecessarilygetalongcompletely.Andshefeltthatshehaddoneallshecould.Andthatwasthelastresort,apparently.AndsosheturnedmeawayandIendeduphitchhikingfromTexastoCalifornia.W:California?HowwereyoupromptedtostartStandUpForKidsthen,Rick?M:That'sagreatquestion.LaterIjoinedthenavyandhadspent30yearsthere.IknewwhenIretired,Iwasgoingtovolunteer.Ididn'tknowIwasgoingtostartaprogramforhomelessandstreetkids.IrememberafterIleftthenavy,Iworkedinacompanyforafewyears.AndonceIwasgoingtoSanDiegoonbusiness.BeforeIwentthere,IsawanarticleinanewsmagazineaboutthiswomanwhohelpedhomelesskidsinSanDiego.AndIsaid,well,whenIgetthere,Iwanttohelpher.AndwhenIgotthere,ItrackedherdownandIstartedvolunteering.AndthenIthoughtkidsneedmuchmorethanthis.AndIleftandIstartedStandUpForKids.That'sit.W:That'sreallyanincrediblestory.ThankyouverymuchRick,forsharingwithusyourexperienceassuchagreatvolunteer.M:Mypleasure.6.Whatistheinterviewmainlyabout?7.Whatdoesthemandotohelpstreetchildren?8.Accordingtotheman,whatishomelessnessforchildren?9.Whydidthemanbecomeastreetchildhimself?10.WhendidthemandecidetoestablishStandUpForKids?

【試題解析】主旨題。根據(jù)原句可知,參與訪談的男士是StandUpForKids這家機(jī)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)始人兼董事。女士主要圍繞該機(jī)構(gòu)的性質(zhì)、工作內(nèi)容以及男士創(chuàng)辦該機(jī)構(gòu)的動(dòng)機(jī)展開(kāi)。也就是說(shuō),對(duì)話始終圍繞StandUpForKids這一機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行。因此A為答案。

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)

14.Lucywas________thepolarexpeditionamonthago,butshechangedhermindatthelastminute.

(A)tostart

(B)tobestarting

(C)tohavestarted

(D)tohavebeenstarting

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】時(shí)態(tài)題。由連詞but之后的句意可知,露西實(shí)際上改變了主意。也就是說(shuō),她并沒(méi)有去極地探險(xiǎn)。所以but之前的句子所表示的是在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間計(jì)劃去做但實(shí)際未做的事件。該題考查betodo結(jié)構(gòu)(表示將要進(jìn)行)和havedone結(jié)構(gòu)(表示已經(jīng)完成)結(jié)合而成的betohavedone結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)表示過(guò)去計(jì)劃要做某事但實(shí)際未做。故C為答案。

15.Ifyouneedmetohelpwithyourteleconferencingarrangements,Icanbereachedwiththetouchofasinglebuttonon________specialphoneofHarry's.

(A)his

(B)a

(C)that

(D)one

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】限定詞題。本題考查this、that等指示限定詞的特殊用法。雙重所有格所修飾的名詞可以跟this、that等指示限定詞連用,表示愛(ài)憎褒貶等感情色彩。2017年第20題(Youmustfirethatincompetentassistantofyours.你必須開(kāi)除你那個(gè)不稱職的助理。)和2016年第15題(Ican’tputupwiththatfriendofyours.我無(wú)法忍受你的那位朋友。)也考查了這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。本題中,phoneofHarry's為雙重所有格結(jié)構(gòu),phone前有special修飾,表達(dá)了一種積極的感情色彩。故C為答案。

16.Advocatesofstudyingabroadbelievestudentswillreachnewlevelsofinterculturalunderstandingfarexceedingwhatthey________beabletoaccomplishjustathome.

(A)would

(B)will

(C)can

(D)could

【正確答案】A

【試題解析】虛擬語(yǔ)氣題。由句意可以看出,本句對(duì)“學(xué)生們?cè)诤M饬魧W(xué)所能達(dá)到的跨文化理解水平”和“學(xué)生們?cè)趪?guó)內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)所能達(dá)到的跨文化理解水平”進(jìn)行對(duì)比,但學(xué)生們不可能在海外留學(xué)的同時(shí)又在國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)。因此,使用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)的studentswillreachnewlevelsofinterculturalunderstanding為實(shí)際情況,而whatthey________beabletoaccomplishjustathome表達(dá)的應(yīng)該是一種假設(shè)意義,需要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,首先排除will和can兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式可以表達(dá)假設(shè)意義,所以本題應(yīng)該選情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will的過(guò)去式would來(lái)體現(xiàn)假設(shè)意義,故A為答案。D項(xiàng)could與空格后的beableto意思重復(fù),可排除。

17.Itisimperativethatthelocalgovernment________moreinvestmentintotheburgeoninghi-techindustry.

(A)hastoattract

(B)shallattract

(C)attracts

(D)attract

【正確答案】D

【試題解析】虛擬語(yǔ)氣題。在Itisimperativethat…句型中,需要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句中的謂語(yǔ)部分為(should)do的形式。故D為答案。

18.Sometimesawrittenmessagesucceeds________anoralonefails;atothertimes,talkingtotherecipientwillproduceresultsthattheedwordcan'tmatch.

(A)what

(B)where

(C)how

(D)that

【正確答案】B

【試題解析】狀語(yǔ)從句題。由分號(hào)后的句意“而在其他時(shí)候,與接收信息者進(jìn)行交談會(huì)產(chǎn)生書面印刷文字無(wú)法比擬的效果”可以推斷出,分號(hào)前的句子意為“口頭信息失敗時(shí)書面信息可以成功”。where可以作為連詞引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于intheplacethat或insituationsthat。故B為答案。

19.DoyouknowJack'scousin?Heis________thanJack.

(A)muchmoreathlete

(B)moreofanathlete

(C)amoreathlete

(D)moreathlete

【正確答案】B

【試題解析】比較級(jí)題。本題考查比較級(jí)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)“Aismoreofa/an+n.+thanB”。該結(jié)構(gòu)可以用于兩個(gè)不同個(gè)體的比較,意為“A比B更像是(這個(gè)名詞)/更具有這個(gè)名詞的特性”。故B為答案。

20.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he________abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanwecan.

(A)was

(B)were

(C)wouldbe

(D)willhavebeen

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】虛擬語(yǔ)氣題。題干給出的條件句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了過(guò)去式explained,說(shuō)明其表述的內(nèi)容與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況相反。所以主句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用“would/could/should+do”形式。故C為答案。

21.Whatisthefunctionofthepresentprogressivein"Myneighborisalwaysplayingloudmusicatmidnight"?

(A)Toalleviateunnecessaryhostility.

(B)Toexpressunfavorablefeelings.

(C)Toindicateuncertainty.

(D)Todramatizeafact.

【正確答案】B

【試題解析】時(shí)態(tài)題?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always、continually、constantly、forever等頻度副詞搭配使用時(shí),通常表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,隱含著說(shuō)話人的贊揚(yáng)、喜好、厭惡等情緒。因此,“Myneighborisalwaysplayingloudmusicatmidnight”這句話中的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)了說(shuō)話者對(duì)鄰居總是在午夜大聲播放音樂(lè)這種行為的不悅,故B項(xiàng)正確。2019年第19題也考查過(guò)這一考點(diǎn)。專四語(yǔ)法題考點(diǎn)的復(fù)現(xiàn)率較高,考生應(yīng)該充分利用歷年真題,抓住備考重點(diǎn)。

22.Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronounsexpressesemphasis?

(A)Theywashedthemselves.

(B)Ihaveboughtmyselfanewcar.

(C)Shetoldmeherself.

(D)Behaveyourself.

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】反身代詞用法題。反身代詞可在句中作同位語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、介詞補(bǔ)足成分等,作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)屬于強(qiáng)調(diào)性用法,其位置比較靈活。選項(xiàng)A中,washedthemselves為固定搭配,意為“洗澡、洗臉或洗手”,不表示強(qiáng)調(diào);選項(xiàng)B中,myself和anewcar都是bought的賓語(yǔ),anewcar是直接賓語(yǔ),myself是間接賓語(yǔ),反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不表示強(qiáng)調(diào);選項(xiàng)C中,反身代詞herself作為主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ),放在句尾起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,強(qiáng)調(diào)是她親自和我說(shuō)的;反身代詞常與behave、conduct、deport等動(dòng)詞搭配表示舉止行為的好壞,D項(xiàng)Behaveyourself意為“表現(xiàn)得體,有禮貌”,此種情況也不是強(qiáng)調(diào)用法。故C為答案。

23.Hehurriedtotheairport,onlytofindthathisflighthadbeencanceled.Theinfinitiveverbphraseonlytofindisused________.

(A)torevealanundesirableconsequence

(B)toexpressanintendedpurpose

(C)toindicateahighdegreeofpossibility

(D)toemphasizeastatedfact

【正確答案】A

【試題解析】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞題。onlyto意為“結(jié)果只是”,表示某種情況或結(jié)果是出乎意料的或令人失望的。分析句意,他匆匆趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)航班已經(jīng)被取消了,這是他沒(méi)預(yù)料到的結(jié)果。所以,句中的onlytofind揭示了一個(gè)不想要的結(jié)果,故A為答案。

24.Forwhatever________,Iknoweveryonewouldhavebeenincrediblyproudofyoutonight.

(A)worthy

(B)worth

(C)it’sworthy

(D)it’sworth

【正確答案】D

【試題解析】固定搭配題。forwhatit'sworth是固定習(xí)語(yǔ),主要用于口語(yǔ),表示不確定告訴別人的事情是否有用。該介詞短語(yǔ)在句子中作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ),是說(shuō)話人對(duì)自己所說(shuō)的話的評(píng)論。本題中將其中的what換為whatever,表示強(qiáng)調(diào),不影響短語(yǔ)的基本意思。故D為答案。

25.Bymakingitpossibletosearchthemillionsofbooksthatexisttoday,wehopetoexpandthe________ofhumanknowledge.

(A)margins

(B)ceilings

(C)frontiers

(D)bottomlands

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)margins意為“頁(yè)面空白,頁(yè)邊;(尤指地域或水域的)邊緣”;B項(xiàng)ceilings意為“天花板;上限”;C項(xiàng)frontiers意為“(知識(shí)等的)前沿;國(guó)界,邊境”;D項(xiàng)bottomlands意為“洼地”。thefrontiersofknowledge意為“知識(shí)的前沿”,符合句意,故C為答案。

26.Itisrecentlyfoundthattwocolleagueswhoare________basketballfansorshareafascinationwithrarebooksaremorelikelytoswapinformationonwork.

(A)avid

(B)adamant

(C)formidable

(D)vehement

【正確答案】A

【試題解析】形容詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)avid意為“酷愛(ài)的,熱衷的”;B項(xiàng)adamant意為“固執(zhí)的,堅(jiān)定不移的”;C項(xiàng)formidable意為“令人敬畏的;難對(duì)付的”;D項(xiàng)vehement意為“感情強(qiáng)烈的,觀點(diǎn)激烈的”。由句子中的basketballfans和fascination可知,空格中需要填入表示熱愛(ài)或喜愛(ài)的形容詞。故A為答案。

27.Ashermindreeledbackintime,shewonderedwhatshecouldpossiblyhavedone________.

(A)distinguishingly

(B)distinctly

(C)differently

(D)differentially

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】副詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)distinguishingly意為“與眾不同地,特殊地”;B項(xiàng)distinctly意為“清楚地;明顯地”;C項(xiàng)differently意為“不同地”;D項(xiàng)differentially意為“區(qū)別地”。由shecouldpossiblyhavedone可知,本句使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示一種假設(shè):假如“她”再次回到從前,想知道自己可能會(huì)有哪些與事實(shí)不同的行為。若表示假設(shè)和事實(shí)之間有差異,differently最為恰當(dāng)。故C為答案。雖然四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都含有“不同”這一含義,但A項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)與眾不同,B項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)顯而易見(jiàn),D項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)有差距,因此這三項(xiàng)均排除。

28.Beforethisnewpolicywasimplemented,thetaxauthoritiesmighthavea________ofworries.

(A)flock

(B)flash

(C)school

(D)bundle

【正確答案】D

【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)flock意為“(羊或鳥(niǎo))群”,aflockof…表示“一群……”;B項(xiàng)flash意為“閃光”,aflashof…意為“……閃現(xiàn)”;C項(xiàng)school可構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)aschoolof…,意為“一群……”,通常用于描述魚、鯨等的群;D項(xiàng)bundle意為“捆,束”,abundleof…除表示“一捆……”外,還可以用來(lái)修飾laugh、fun、worries等詞。故D為答案。

29.Thefindingsshowthatthesecretto________ofthevillagersliesintherichmineralsoftheundergroundwater.

(A)sedentariness

(B)versatility

(C)industriousness

(D)longevity

【正確答案】D

【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)sedentariness意為“久坐”;B項(xiàng)versatility意為“多才多藝”;C項(xiàng)industriousness意為“勤奮,勤勉”;D項(xiàng)longevity意為“長(zhǎng)壽”。根據(jù)句意和邏輯關(guān)系推理,能與“地下水中豐富的礦物質(zhì)”發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)的只有“長(zhǎng)壽”。故D為答案。

30.Chinaiscommonlyregardedasthefirstcountryto________silkwormsanddevelopsilkweaving.

(A)shed

(B)grasp

(C)raise

(D)grow

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)shed意為“去除,擺脫”;B項(xiàng)grasp意為“領(lǐng)會(huì);抓牢”;C項(xiàng)raise意為“飼養(yǎng)(動(dòng)物),種植(植物);舉起”;D項(xiàng)grow意為“種植(植物)”。根據(jù)句意,空格處應(yīng)該填入意為“養(yǎng)殖”的單詞。故C為答案。

31.Turningablindeyetointraculturalvariationscanleadto________peoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

(A)appraising

(B)categorizing

(C)ascertaining

(D)stereotyping

【正確答案】D

【試題解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)appraising意為“估價(jià),評(píng)定”;B項(xiàng)categorizing意為“對(duì)……進(jìn)行分類”;C項(xiàng)ascertaining意為“查明,弄清”;D項(xiàng)stereotyping意為“對(duì)……存有成見(jiàn),把……模式化”。分析句意,對(duì)文化內(nèi)部的差異視而不見(jiàn)也就是對(duì)擁有同樣文化背景的人之間的差異視而不見(jiàn),這可能導(dǎo)致將同一文化背景的人冠以同樣的印象,因此形成刻板印象。故D為答案。

32.InNorthAmerica,firstnamesareseenasfriendlyand________offondnessandattachment.

(A)inductive

(B)deductive

(C)indicative

(D)evocative

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】形容詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)inductive意為“歸納的”;B項(xiàng)deductive意為“推理的”;C項(xiàng)indicative意為“顯示出……,是……的跡象”;D項(xiàng)evocative意為“引起記憶的”。根據(jù)句意和常識(shí)可知,在北美,只稱呼名而不帶姓是對(duì)別人表示友好,能“顯示出”對(duì)別人的喜愛(ài)和依戀。故C為答案。

33.Plain-lookingasthenecklaceis,itisknowntobeanimportant________forthefamilyforcenturies.

(A)heresy

(B)heirloom

(C)heritage

(D)hemline

【正確答案】B

【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A項(xiàng)heresy意為“異端邪說(shuō)”;B項(xiàng)heirloom意為“傳家寶”;C項(xiàng)heritage意為“(文化)遺產(chǎn)”;D項(xiàng)hemline意為“(衣裙的)底邊”。分析句意,幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái),這條項(xiàng)鏈一直在這個(gè)家族中代代傳承,它就是這個(gè)家庭的“傳家寶”。故B為答案。

完型填空

A.afterB.alienC.aptlyD.counterpointE.distinctF.featuredG.ironicallyH.outsideI.publicizedJ.similarK.struggledL.superficialM.thoughN.validationO.visibleEdwardHopper(1882-1967)issomethingofasuccess,ifonlyhissuccesshadcomeswifter.Attheageof40,hewasafailingartistwho【C1】________tosellasinglepainting.Asheapproached80,Timemagazine【C2】________himonitscover.Today,halfacenturyafterhisdeath,Hopperisconsideredagiantofmodernexpression,withanuncanny,unforgettable,andutterly【C3】________senseformoodandplace.MuchofHopper'sworkexcavatesmoderncityexperience.Incanvas【C4】________canvas,hedepictsdiners,cafes,streetlights,gasstations,trainstations,andhotelrooms.Thescenesaremarkedbyvividcolorjuxtapositionsandstark,theatricallighting,aswellasbyharshlycontouredfigures,whoappearatoncepartof,and【C5】________to,theirsurroundings.Theambiancethroughouthisrepertoireisofloneliness,andpsychologicaltension,whereashisruralorcoastalscenesofferastrong【C6】________oftranquilityoroptimism.Realistic【C7】________theymayseem,EdwardHopper'spaintingsarenotmererepresentationsofsupposedreality.Theydeconstructandreconstructthereal,transformingitbeyondthepurelyexperiential.LiketheviewsHopperregularlyincludedaspictureswithinhispictures,acharacteristicHoppercompositionisnotfirstandforemostanimageof【C8】________factbutratheragestaltcreatedoutofbreakdownandfractureintheprocessofperceptionandindeedthecapacitytoperceive.Hisworkshave【C9】________beendubbedmetaphorsofsilence.Justasallutteranceisgovernedbywhatremainsunsaid,andbysilence,sotooHopper'sarthasitscenterofgravityinwhatisnotactuallyvisibleinthepaintings.Hopper'sartenactswaysofseeingandunderstandingthatanchor【C10】________situationsinprofounddepths.

【正確答案】

34.【C1】

【正確答案】K

【試題解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格位于who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)部分,且主句使用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)。因此,空格處需要填入動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。根據(jù)句意,霍普在40歲時(shí),還是一名________賣出一幅畫作的失敗畫家。由此可以推測(cè),那時(shí)他的畫作很難賣出去。struggletodosth.意為“艱難地做某事”,符合此處語(yǔ)境,故struggled為答案。

35.【C2】

【正確答案】F

【試題解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格位于句子的謂語(yǔ)部分,因此,空格處需要填入動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文可以推測(cè),空格所在句意為“霍普在即將80歲時(shí)登上了《時(shí)代》雜志的封面”。結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知,featured符合句意,填入空格表示《時(shí)代》雜志將他作為封面人物,故featured為答案。

36.【C3】

【正確答案】E

【試題解析】形容詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,and連接并列的uncanny“不可思議的”、unforgettable“令人難以忘懷的”和utterly,共同修飾sense。因此,空格處需要填入一個(gè)形容詞。結(jié)合句意及備選項(xiàng)可以推測(cè),霍普被認(rèn)為是一名表達(dá)現(xiàn)代情感的繪畫大師,他對(duì)情緒和場(chǎng)景的感知應(yīng)該是獨(dú)特的、與眾不同的。故distinct為答案。

37.【C4】

【正確答案】A

【試題解析】介詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格前后各有一個(gè)名詞canvas,空格處所填入的單詞需要起到連接作用,將這兩個(gè)名詞連接起來(lái)。因此,空格處可能填入連詞或介詞。結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知,canvasaftercanvas意為“一幅又一幅油畫”,符合句意,故after為答案。

38.【C5】

【正確答案】B

【試題解析】形容詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,由and連接的partof和________to充當(dāng)appear的表語(yǔ),修飾空格前的figures的狀態(tài)。因此,空格處可能填入形容詞或名詞。結(jié)合前文與備選項(xiàng)可知,填入alien最適合。bealientosth.意為“與……不相容,格格不入”。定語(yǔ)從句whoappearatoncepartof,andaliento,theirsurroundings說(shuō)明了與環(huán)境若即若離的人物形象。故alien為答案。

39.【C6】

【正確答案】D

【試題解析】名詞辨析題。由空格前的不定冠詞a、形容詞strong和空格后的介詞短語(yǔ)可以推測(cè),空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式??崭袂暗膚hereas表示轉(zhuǎn)折,即霍普的作品彌漫著孤獨(dú)和神經(jīng)緊繃的氛圍,但他筆下的郊區(qū)或海岸場(chǎng)景卻是平靜而樂(lè)觀的。前后句之間存在著強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比,結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知,counterpoint為答案。

40.【C7】

【正確答案】M

【試題解析】連詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格所在句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,逗號(hào)后的句子是主句。因此,空格處應(yīng)填入能夠引導(dǎo)從句的連詞。從句提到霍普的畫作看起來(lái)很逼真,而主句提到霍普的畫作不僅僅是對(duì)所謂現(xiàn)實(shí)的再現(xiàn),兩者之間存在讓步關(guān)系,故though為答案。though在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)句子需要部分倒裝,還原后即thoughtheymayseemrealistic。

41.【C8】

【正確答案】O

【試題解析】形容詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格位于短語(yǔ)animageof________fact中,因此,空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)形容詞,修飾其后的fact??崭袼诰錇閟th.isnot…butrather…結(jié)構(gòu),意為“……不是……而是……”??崭窈竺娴腷ut表示轉(zhuǎn)折,強(qiáng)調(diào)but之后的內(nèi)容才是真實(shí)的情況。即一個(gè)典型的霍普式構(gòu)圖中最重要的并不是一幅描繪——事實(shí)的圖像,而更像是在感知過(guò)程和感知能力中形成的一種由分解和割裂所創(chuàng)作出的格式塔(gestalt)。結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知,visiblefact“看得見(jiàn)的事實(shí)”與“感知”可以形成對(duì)比,故visible為答案。

42.【C9】

【正確答案】C

【試題解析】副詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格所在句基本結(jié)構(gòu)完整,因此,空格處需要填入一個(gè)副詞作句子的狀語(yǔ)。結(jié)合前文可以推測(cè),霍普的作品被稱為“沉默的隱喻”應(yīng)該是恰如其分的,故aptly為答案。

43.【C10】

【正確答案】L

【試題解析】形容詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格位于that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,空格前是動(dòng)詞anchor,空格后是名詞situations,因此,空格處可以填入一個(gè)形容詞或名詞修飾situations。根據(jù)句意,霍普的藝術(shù)制定了使________狀況穩(wěn)居于深邃意境中的觀看與理解之道。再結(jié)合備選項(xiàng),與profound“深刻的”相對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞應(yīng)該是superficial“表面的;膚淺的”,故superficial為答案。

選擇題

(1)Pairingthewords"baby"and"sleep"canevokestrongemotions.Thosewhohavehadlimitedcontactwithlittleonesmightinterpretthisword-combinationasimplyingdeepandprolongedslumber.Forothers,thisunionofwordsmayelicitmemoriesofprolongedperiodsofchaoticsleep(orwhatcanfeellikenosleepatall).(2)Copingwiththewaybabiessleepcanbedifficult.It'snotthatbabiesdon'tsleep.Infact,theysleepmorethanatanyotherstageoflife.It'smoreanissueofwhentheysleep.Newbornsstartbysleepingandwakingaroundtheclock.Thisisnotalwayseasyforparents.Thereisevenresearchsuggestingthatinadultswakingrepeatedlyatnightcanfeelasbadasgettinghardlyanysleepintermsofattentionalskills,fatiguelevelsandsymptomsofdepression.(3)Astowhyinfantswakeatnight,thisisbestexplainedbythinkingaboutthetwothingsthatgovernoursleep:thehomeostaticandcircadianprocesses.Thecruxofthehomeostaticprocessisthestraightforwardideathatthelongerwehavebeenawakethegreateroursleepdrive(andthemoresleepywefeel).Itmaytakeanadultanentiredaytobuildupenoughsleepdrivetofallasleepatbedtime,butaninfantmayonlyneedanhourortwoofwakefulnessbeforebeingabletodriftofftosleep.(4)Thesecondprocessiscircadian,whichworkslikeaclock.Adultstypicallyfeelmoreawakeduringthemorninghoursandsleepyatnight,regardlessofwhenwelastslept.Inveryyoungbabiesthisprocessisnotyetdeveloped.Thismeansthatsleepismorelikelytooccuratdifferentpointsacrossthe24-hourday.(5)Practicallyspeaking,theimmaturityofthesetwoprocessesmeansthatnewbornbabiesareactuallyexpectedtowakeatnight:theyaredoingexactlywhattheyaresupposedtodo!Theystartlifewithsm

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