19碳中和碳達(dá)峰-2023年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀

2023年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀-碳中和碳達(dá)峰題型主要內(nèi)容1多任務(wù)混合閱讀介紹了中國(guó)的綠化情況以及為實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和所做的努力。2閱讀理解介紹北京2022年冬奧會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。3閱讀理解介紹了英國(guó)的一些學(xué)校實(shí)施的有關(guān)碳中和的情況，并呼吁更多的學(xué)校采取行動(dòng)，保護(hù)環(huán)境。4閱讀理解講述了氣候變化是人類面臨的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題，減少碳排放這很重要。文中介紹了SpaceX將會(huì)把二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化成燃料，這將使從火星到地球的旅行更容易，也有利于環(huán)保。5閱讀理解講述了學(xué)生們?cè)跊](méi)有多余的美術(shù)材料的情況下，積極想辦法參與社區(qū)中心舉辦的藝術(shù)比賽，并獲獎(jiǎng)的故事。01（2022·山西臨汾·三模）請(qǐng)閱讀下面的非連續(xù)性文本，按要求完成所給任務(wù)，并將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。Forestsarehometomanyplantsandanimals.Theyalsomattertohumansindifferentways.InChina,TreePlantingDayarrivesonMarch12.Itwassetuptoremindpeopleabouttheimportanceofforests.________

Theyenrichthesoil.TheytakeinCO2andgiveoutO2.

Theyprovidefood

Theyarehometo80percentoftheformillionsofpeople.

world’sanimals,plantsandinsects.ChartⅠChina’sforestcoverage（覆蓋率）ChartⅡChinaplanted3.6millionhectaresofforestin2021,accordingtotheNationalAfforestationCommittee（國(guó)際造林委員會(huì)）.That’smorethandoubletheareaofBeijing.Thecommitteecalledonalladultstoplantthreetofivetreesayear.Duringthepast40years,volunteersplantednearly79billiontreesacrossChina.Chinahasbecomethecountrywiththelargestincreaseinforestresources（資源）andthelargestareaofplantedforests.Peoplearealsoencouragedtotakepartingreeningprojects.Alipay’sAntForestisonewaytohelp.Usersget“greenenergy”pointsthroughdailyactions,andtheprojectwillplantrealtreesforthem.Morethan600millionChinesehaveusedthisapptolivegreenerlifestylesandhelpprotecttheenvironment.AntForesthasplantedmorethan360milliontreesinChinasince2016.Besidesbigprojects,Chinaalsofocuseson（專注于）smallactionsincities.ThecommitteesaidChinanowhasmorethan20,000“pocketparks”—miniparksincities.Ithasalsobuiltmorethan80,000kilometersofgreenpathways（道路）acrossthecountry.ChartⅢInthefuture,Chinawilltakemoreactionstohelpourenvironmentsothatwecanreachthegoalofachievingcarbonneutrality（碳中和）before2060successfully.1．PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.______________________________________________________________________________________2．Pleaseaddasubtitle（小標(biāo)題）in________inChartⅠ.（Nomorethansixwords.）3．HowmanypercentofChina’sforestcoveragewereincreasedfrom2003to2021?______________________________________________________________________________________4．Howcanweget“greenenergy”pointsfromAntForest?（TwoexamplesareOK.）______________________________________________________________________________________5．WhatsmallactionshasChinatakentogogreen?______________________________________________________________________________________6．Whatcanyoudoforourcountry’sgreeningprojects?______________________________________________________________________________________02（2022·重慶·中考真題）TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswasagreatsuccess.ChinahaskeptthepromisetoholdagreenOlympics.Manygreenactionsmadeitpossible,likeprovidingenvironmentallyfriendlysmartbeds,usingnewenergy(能源)cars,supportingsportingplaceswith100%cleanenergyandreusingrainandsnowwater.Takemakingiceasanexample.Chinadidn’tuseR507,acommonmaterialtomakeice,becauseitisn’tfriendlyenoughtotheenvironment.Through18months’hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO?directcoolingtechnology.Anetoftubesrunsundertheice.High-pressureliquid(液態(tài))CO?goesthroughthemtocreateheat(熱)exchange.TheCO?evaporates(蒸發(fā))undertheicesurface.Theevaporationtakesinheatandturnswateronthesurfaceintoice.AndtheCO?goesintoanothercircle.Thistechnologyhelpstomakeicebetterandfaster.Andaboveall,itismuchgreenerbecausethere’snonewCO?produced.Amongallthe15icesportingplacesintheWinterOlympics,7usedtheCO?directcoolingtechnologytomakeice.Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused.Beijingdidsomuchmoretosaveenergy.Beijingbuiltthenewsportingplaceswithgreenmaterials.Asfortheoldones,Beijingusednewglasswallstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwallstoletmorenaturallightin.70%ofthewasteheatwasalsoreusedtokeepwarmanddry.AndalargenumberofnewenergycarswereusedattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsisthefirsttotrulyachievecarbonneutrality(碳中和),andithassetnewstandardsingreentechnologies.SomenewspaperssayChinahassetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.7．HowlongdidittakeChinatodeveloptheCO?directcoolingtechnology?A．18months. B．100weeks. C．15days. D．7years.8．ThewriterwritesPara.3toshow________.A．whytheCO?goesintoanothercircleB．howthenewice-makingtechnologyhelpedC．howsportingplacesusedthenewtechnologyD．whytheliquidCO?runsthroughthenetoftubes9．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推斷)that________.A．a(chǎn)llthebuildingswillbebuiltwithglasswallsinthenearfutureB．theCO?directcoolingtechnologymaybewidelyusedintheworldC．thehigh-pressureliquidCO?willtotallytaketheplaceofR507soonD．nonewstandardsingreentechnologiesmaybesetaftertheOlympics10．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ANewGreenIce-makingTechnologyB．GreenTechnologiesUsedinSportsC．ASharedFutureofGreenDevelopmentD．TheGreenBeijingWinterOlympics03（2022·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·中考真題）Morethan1,000schoolsacrosstheUKhavesignedup（報(bào)名）toaprojectwiththeaimofhelpingschoolsbecomecarbonneutral（碳平衡的）by2030.Carbonneutralmeanscuttingdowncarbonemissions（碳排放）tozeroorbalancingthemoutinotherways.Carbonemissionsaregasessuchascarbondioxide（CO2）thatcomeoutintotheatmosphere,wheretheymakeclimatechangeworse.Thishasalsocausedthetemperaturerise.Emissionsarecausedbyallsortsofhumanactivities,suchasburningfossilfuels（coal,oilandgas）tomakeenergy,cuttingdownforestsandsometypesoffarming.Becomingcarbonneutralincludescuttingtheamountofcarbonemissionsaschoolproducesandbalancingthosethatareleftbytakingsomecarbonoutoftheatmosphere.Theprojectalsoshowshowsmallchangescanmakeabigdifference.Thesemightincludethinkingcarefullyaboutenergyuse,cuttingwaste,growingfoodclosertowhereit'seatenandwalkingorcyclingtoschoolifitispossible.WaysofbalancingoutthecarbonemissionsthataschoolstillmakesincludeplantingtreesandplantsthattakeinCO2astheygrow.YsgolBroDinefwrSecondarySchoolinWaleshaspromisedtorunentirelyonrenewable（可再生的）energy（suchaswindandsolarpower）withinthenextthreeyears.AtDownHighSchoolinNorthernIreland,thestudentsarelookingaftertheirownbees.Sowhenflowersandcropsproducefood,thathelps.Otherschoolshaveprojectstocutfoodwastebyweighingitaftereachmealtoknowhowmuchisnotbeingeaten.Someputthewasteintoasystemthatcanturnthiswasteintousefulthings.Theywillbeputonthegardentohelpplantsgrow.Climatechangeisseenasamajorglobalchallenge.Wecanseeitallaroundus.Sojointogether,findoutwaysyourschoolcanputeffortsto,andtalktoateacheraboutsigningup.11．Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Humanactivitiesinfluencetheenvironment.B．Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.C．MoreUKschoolsshouldbeintroducedtotheworld.D．Wecoulddealwiththeclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehavior.12．Howcouldtheschoolsreducecarbonemissions?A．Bymovingtothecountryside. B．Bycuttingwasteandplantingtrees.C．Byprovidingmorespacesforstudents. D．Byburningcoalinsteadofgastomakeenergy.13．Whydoestheauthorgiveexamplesoftheschoolsinparagraph4?A．Topraisetheseschools. B．Toshowthedifficultiesintheproject.C．Tocallformoreschoolstotakeaction. D．Toexplaintheeffortsmadebythegovernment.14．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtoHelpPlantsGrow B．SchoolsSignUptoHelpthePlanetC．CarbonEmissionsintheUKSchools D．OurPlanet,aWonderfulLivingPlace04（2022·山東·臨沂市河?xùn)|區(qū)教育科學(xué)研究與發(fā)展中心一模）Climatechangeisabigproblemhumansarefacing.Howcanwedealwithit?Reducingcarbonemissions(碳排放)isimportant.Butwhatifwecouldcapturecarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheairanduseittodootherthings?Recently,SpaceXfounderElonMusksaidthathiscompanyisworkingonanewprogram.It’sgoingtotakeCO2outoftheairandturnitintorocketfuel.ItwillnotonlybegoodforEarth,but“willalsobeimportantforMars,”Musksaid.TheaironMarsismadeupof95percentCO2.IfwecouldturnCO2intofuel,wecouldtravelthelongjourneyfromMarsbacktoEarthinthefuture.Theideamaysoundstrangebutit’snottotallycrazy.Therearealreadysometechnologiesthatmighthelpwiththis.AccordingtoDi-JiaLiu,achemistattheArgonneNationalLaboratoryintheUS,thecarbonatoms(原子)inCO2andthehydrogen(氫)atomsinwatercanbecombinedtomakemethane(甲烷)orethanol(乙醇).Theycouldbeusedasfuel.IfwedothisonMars,energyfromthesunmightbeusedasacatalyst(催化劑).Theideawillalsomakespacetravelmoreeco-friendly.“IftheCO2-basedfuelcouldbeusedinarocketlaunch,wecouldprevent715tonsofCO2frombeingputintotheair,”saidStaffordSheehanfromAirCompany,aUScompanythatfocusesonCO2collectingtechnologies.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。15．WhatisSpaceXworkingon?A．ReducingCO2emissions. B．Buildinganewrocket. C．TurningCO2intofuel.16．Whatadvantagewilltheprogrambringifitsucceeds?A．Itwilltakeenergyfromthesun.B．ItwillmakeiteasiertotravelfromMarstoEarth.C．Itwilltake95percentofCO2outoftheair.17．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．HowCO2canbeturnedintofuel.B．WhereCO2canbetaken.C．Howtheenergyfromthesuncanbeused.18．WhatcanwelearnfromwhatStaffordSheehansaid?A．Scientistsuse715tonsofCO2tolauncharocket.B．TherewillbenoCO2emissionsanymore.C．SpaceX’sideawouldbegoodfortheenvironment.05（2022·北京豐臺(tái)·二模）“Look!Thecommunitycenterishavinganartcontest,”saidGrace.Shewasholdingaflyer(傳單).Mrs.Simonreadtheflyeraloud.Everyoneagreedtheywouldliketoentertheartcontest.Mrs.Simonsaid,“Ourclassroomsupplyofartmaterialsislowbecauseit’stheendoftheyear.I’llcheckwithMrs.Ricetoseewhatshehas.”Mrs.Rice,theartteacher,didn’thaveanyartmaterials.“Iwon’tbegettingasupplyuntilnextyear,”shesaid.Thewholeclasswasupset.“Howcanweentertheartcontestwithoutartmaterials?”askedGrace.“Maybewecanraisesomemoney.Wecouldhaveabakesale,”suggestedHal.“Idon’tthinkthere’stime,”Mrs.Simonsaid.“Let’susethepaperintherecyclingbin,”Pablosaid.Pablodidnotoftenraisehishand.Herarelyspokeup,soeveryonewassurprisedwhenheofferedanidea.Halsaid,“I’mcuriousaboutyouridea.Iwanttolearnwhyyouwoulduseoldpaper.”“SowecansaveEarth’sresources,”repliedPablo.“Whenweuserecycledpaper,weusenaturalmaterialsandsavetrees.”“Wecanalsousethisoldstringandthesewirehangers.”addedGrace.Nowtheclasshadtodecidewhattodowiththematerials.Pablohadanotheridea.“Wecanfoldthepaperintocranes.Thenwecanattachthecranestoaframetomakeamobile.”Mrs.Simontaughtthechildrenhowtofoldthepaperintocranes.Theneveryonehelpedattachthecranestothemobile.Onthedayoftheartcontest,thepapercranemobilehunginthelargecommunitycenterroom.Thehugespacewascrowdedwithartprojects.Fromfaroff,theclassspottedtheirproject.Thecranemobileswayed(搖擺)gentlyaspeoplewalkedpast.Thepapercranesappearedtobesoftlyflying.Thejudgescheckedeachartproject.Theylookedcloselyatthecranemobile.Thepapercranemobilewontheprizeforthemostcreativeuseofmaterials.Astheclassproudlyacceptedtheirprize,theycouldnotstopgrinning(咧嘴笑).Graceexclaimed,“Wemadeourartproject,andwesavedtheEarthatthesametime!”19．Howdidthewholeclassfeelwhentheyknewtheycouldn’tgetanyartmaterials?A．Happy. B．Surprised. C．Upset. D．Nervous.20．Whatdidtheydecidetodowiththeoldmaterialstheyfound?A．ToDIYwirehangers. B．Tomakepapercranes.C．Toraisesomemoney. D．Tobuildacenterroom.21．Accordingtothepassage,theirartprojectwontheprizebecausethey________.A．madethemostwonderfulworkofartinclassB．decoratedthecenterroomwiththepapercranesC．workedasateamandsolvedtheproblemstogetherD．madegooduseofoldmaterialsandsavedtheEarth參考答案：1．它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的設(shè)立是為了讓人們意識(shí)到森林的重要性。/設(shè)立它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的目的是讓人們明白森林很重要。

2．Whatcanforestsdo?/Whydoforestsmatter?/Whyareforestsimportant?/Thefunctionsofforests/…

3．4.83%.

4．Byusingsharedbikesandwalking;Byusingonlinepayment;Bytakingpublictransportlikebusorsubway.

5．Ithasbuiltalargenumberofminiparksandgreenpathways.

6．（Answersvary.）Iwillnotusesingle-usechopsticks./I’llchoosepublictransportifpossiblewhentraveling./…【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的綠化情況以及為實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和所做的努力。1．It“它”，指代植樹(shù)節(jié)；wassetup“被設(shè)立”；toremindpeople“為了讓人們意識(shí)到/明白”；abouttheimportanceofforests“關(guān)于森林的重要性”。故填：它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的設(shè)立是為了讓人們意識(shí)到森林的重要性。/設(shè)立它（植樹(shù)節(jié)）的目的是讓人們明白森林很重要。2．根據(jù)圖片和對(duì)應(yīng)圖解可知，這里講的是森林的作用和重要性。故填Whatcanforestsdo?/Whydoforestsmatter?/Whyareforestsimportant?/Thefunctionsofforests/…3．根據(jù)圖表“2003—18.21%”和“2021—23.04%”可知，從2003年到2021年，中國(guó)的森林覆蓋率增加了4.83%（23.04－18.21=4.83）。故填4.83%.4．根據(jù)“Usersget‘greenenergy’pointsthroughdailyactions”和常識(shí)可知，人們可以通過(guò)騎共享單車、網(wǎng)上支付和乘坐公共交通等方式獲得“綠色能量”。故填Byusingsharedbikesandwalking;Byusingonlinepayment;Bytakingpublictransportlikebusorsubway.（任意兩點(diǎn)即可）5．根據(jù)“Chinanowhasmorethan20,000“pocketparks”—miniparksincities.Ithasalsobuiltmorethan80,000kilometersofgreenpathways（道路）acrossthecountry.”可知，中國(guó)為綠化采取的小型行動(dòng)包括建造了大量小型公園和綠色通道。故填I(lǐng)thasbuiltalargenumberofminiparksandgreenpathways.6．答案不唯一，聯(lián)系實(shí)際符合問(wèn)題要求即可，比如不使用一次性筷子，乘坐公共交通等。參考答案為Iwillnotusesingle-usechopsticks./I’llchoosepublictransportifpossiblewhentraveling./…7．A

8．B

9．B

10．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹北京2022年冬奧會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Through18months’hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO?directcoolingtechnology.”可知，歷史18個(gè)月，中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。故選A。8．段落大意題。分析第三段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是介紹二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)是如何運(yùn)作來(lái)制冰的，故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused.”和“SomenewspaperssayChinahassetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.”可知，造成的污染減少了，且一些報(bào)紙稱，中國(guó)在環(huán)境保護(hù)和綠色發(fā)展方面為世界樹(shù)立了榜樣。由此推知，二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)在世界范圍內(nèi)具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景，故選B。10．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹北京2022年冬奧會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國(guó)自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。選項(xiàng)D“綠色北京冬奧會(huì)”符合主題，故選D。11．A

12．B

13．C

14．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了英國(guó)的一些學(xué)校實(shí)施的有關(guān)碳中和的情況，并呼吁更多的學(xué)校采取行動(dòng)，保護(hù)環(huán)境。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Carbonemissionsaregasessuchascarbondioxide（CO2）thatcomeoutintotheatmosphere...Emissionsarecausedbyallsortsofhumanactivities”可知，是人類活動(dòng)影響了環(huán)境，故選A。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WaysofbalancingoutthecarbonemissionsthataschoolstillmakesincludeplantingtreesandplantsthattakeinCO2astheygrow.”以及“Otherschoolshaveprojectstocutfoodwaste...”可知，學(xué)校主要是通過(guò)減少食物浪費(fèi)和種樹(shù)來(lái)減少碳排放，故選B。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theprojectalsoshowshowsmallchangescanmakea