CD 白細胞分化抗原 細胞膜表面分化抗原群地定義及意義

CD/白細胞分化抗原/細胞膜表面分化抗原群的定義及意義CD(Clusterofdifferentiation)就是細胞膜表面的分化抗原群/分化抗原簇，應用聚類分析，可將來自不同實驗室識別同一分化抗原的單克隆抗體歸為一個CD,經(jīng)由從1982年第1次國際上人類白細胞分化抗原會議(TheHumanLeucocyteDifferentiationAntigenworkshop,HLDA)統(tǒng)一命名。迄今為至，人CD的序號已從CD1命名至CD350(2009年)，可大致劃分為T細胞、B細胞、髓細胞、NK細胞、血小板、粘附分子、內皮細胞、細胞因子受體、激活抗原、碳水化合物半抗原、樹突狀細胞、干細胞/祖細胞、基質細胞和紅細胞14個組。白細胞分化抗原(LeucocyteDifferentiationAntigen,LDA)是指不同譜系Qineage)血細胞在正常分化，成熟，活化過程中出現(xiàn)或消失的細胞表面標志,多是跨膜蛋白或糖蛋白，少數(shù)為碳水化合物半抗原。隨著人類功能基因組計劃研究以及免疫學與其他學科的交叉，人類白細胞分化抗原的概念逐漸被人類細胞分化分子(HCDM)所替代。采用單克隆抗體鑒定方法識別的白細胞分化抗原又稱CD(clusterofdifferentiation)抗原。檢測CD抗原是實驗室識別細胞及不同分化階段細胞或細胞亞群最主要的方法。白細胞分化抗原(狹義上的CD)參與機體重要的生理和病理過程：①免疫應答過程中免疫細胞的相互識別，免疫細胞抗原識別、活化、增殖和分化，免疫效應功能的發(fā)揮；②造血細胞的分化和造血過程的調控；③參與炎癥反應、血栓形成和組織修復；④參與細胞的生長、分化、遷移,及腫瘙的惡化和轉移。CD在基礎免疫學研究中主要應用于：①CD抗原的基因克隆，新CD抗原及新配體的發(fā)現(xiàn)；②CD抗原結構與功能關系；③細胞激活途徑和膜信號的傳導；④細胞分化過程中的調控；⑤細胞亞群的功能。CD在臨床免疫學研究中主要用于：①機體免疫功能的檢測；②白血病、淋巴瘤免疫分型；③免疫毒素用于腫瘤治療、骨髓移植以及移植排斥反應的防CD66aNeutrophilsBiliaryGlycoprotein160-180CD66bGranulocytesCGM695-100CD66cNeutrophils,ColoncarcinomaNCA90CD66dNeutrophilsCGM130CD66eColonepithelialCEA180-200CD66fPregnancySpecificGlycoproteinCD67(Re-assignedtoCD66b)(重復CD66b)CD68Monocytes,Macrophages110CD69ActivatedTandBcells,NKcellsActivationInducerMolecule34/28CD70ActivatedTandBcells,Reed-Sternbergcells75,95,170CD71ProliferatingcellsTransferrinReceptor95CD72Bcells43/39CD75Bcellsubset,EpithelialLactosaminesCHOCD75sBcellsubseta-2,6-sialylatedLactosaminesCHOCD77ActivatedBcells,EndothelialcellsCD79aBcellsMB-133,40CD79bBcellsB2933,40CD80ActivatedBcellsB7-160CD81Bcells,Tcells,NeutrophilsTAPA-122CD82Leukocytes,Platelets50-53CD83Dendriticcells,ActivatedlymphocytesHB1543CD84Monocytes,Platelets,Bcells73CD85Dendriticcells,Monocytes,Bcellsseenote1innotessection110CD87Granulocytes,Monocytes,ActivatedTcellsUPAReceptor50-65CD88GranulocytesC5aReceptor42CD89Neutrophils,MonocytesFeaReceptor55-70CD90Progenitorcellsubset,ThymicStromalcellsTHY-118CD91Monocytesa2MacroglobulinReceptor600CD92Neutrophils,Monocytes,Platelets,Endothelialcells70CD93Neutrophils,Monocytes,Endothelialcells120CD94NKcells,Tcellsubset30CD95ApoptoticcellsFAS42CD96ActivatedTcellsTactile160CD97ActivatedTcellsCD55Ligand74,80,89CD98Monocytes,Tcells,Bcells4F280,40CD99Lymphocytes,Thymocytes32CD99RTcells,NKcells,Myeloidcells32CD100Broad150CD101Granulocytes,Monocytes,ActivatedTcells140CD102Lymphocytes,MonocytesICAM-260CD103IntraEpithelialLymphocytesHML-1；aEIntegrin150,25CD104Epithelial,Schwanncellsp4Integrin220CD105EndothelialcellsEndoglin95CD106ActivatedEndothelialcellsVCAM-1100-110CD107aActivatedPlateletsLAMP-1110CD107bActivatedPlateletsLAMP-2120CD108ActivatedsplenicTcells80CD109ActivatedTcells,Platelets,EndothelialcellsPlateletActivationFactor170/150CDllOStemcellsubset,Megakaryocytes,Platelets(v.weak)ThrombopoietinReceptor,Mpl82-84CD111Stemcellsubset,Macrophages,NeutrophilsPRR/Nectin-164-72CD112Monocytes,Neutrophils,StemcellsubsetPRR2/Nectin-264-72CD113Epithelialcells,PlacentaPRR3ZNectin-383CD114Granulocytes,MonocytesG-CSFReceptor95,139CD115Monocytes,MacrophagesM-CSFReceptor150CD116Monocytes,Neutrophils,EosinophilsGM-CSFReceptoraChain60CD117ProgenitorcellsSCF-Receptor,c-kit145CD118EpithelialcellsLIFReceptor190CD119Monocytes,Bcells,EpithelialcellsIFNyReceptor90CD120aMonocytes,GranulocytesTNFReceptor,Type155CD120bMonocytes,Granulocytes,TNFReceptor,Type275ActivatedlymphocytesCD121aTcells,Fibroblasts,EndothelialcellsIL-1Receptor,Type180CD121bBcells,Monocytes,MacrophagesIL-1Receptor;Type268CD122Tcellsubset,NKcellsIL-2ReceptorfChain75CD123Progenitorcells,Granulocytes,Monocytes,Megakaryocytes,IL-3ReceptoraChain70CD124Bcells,Tcells,ProgenitorcellsIL-4/IL-13Receptor140CD125Eosinophils,BasophilsIL-5ReceptoraChain60CD126Plasmacells,ActivatedBcellsIL-6ReceptoraChain80CD127EarlyBcells,Tcells,Progenitorcells,Monocytes,IL-7ReceptoraChain65-75CD129NotassignedCD130Plasmacells,ActivatedBcellsgpl30ReceptorSubunitforIL-6ZIL-11ZLIFZOSM,LNTFZCT-1130CD131MyeloidcellsCommon0ChainforIL-3,IL-5,GM-CSFReceptor120CD132BroadCommonyChainforIL-2,IL-4,IL-7,IL-9,IL-15Receptors64CD133StemcellsubsetAC-133120CD134ActivatedTcellsubset0X4048-50CD135ProgenitorcellsubsetFlt3/FIk2130-150CD136EpithelialcellsMacrophageStimulatingProteinReceptor180CD137Tcellsubset4-1BB30CD138Plasmacells,EpithelialcellsSYNDECAN-120CD139GerminalcenterBcells209,228CD140a(Undetectableonmostnormalcells)PDGFReceptora180CD140bEndothelialcellsubset,StromalcellsPDGFReceptor0180CD141EndothelialcellsThrombomodulin100CD142ActivatedMonocytesandEndothelialcellsTissueFactor45CD143EndothelialcellsubsetAngiotensinConvertingEnzyme170CD144EndothelialcellsVE-CADHERIN135CDwl45Endothelialcells,Somestromalcells25,90,110CD146Endothelialcells,ActivatedTcellsMUC18/S-endo118CD147Endothelialcells,Monocytes,Tcellsubset,Platelets,Erythrocytes,Neurothelin/Basigin50-60CD148HematopoieticcellsHPTP-ETA/DEP-1CD150Tcellsubset,Bcellsubset,ThymocytesSLAM70CD151Platelets,EndothelialcellsPETA-327CD152ActivatedTcellsCTLA-444CD153ActivatedTcellsCD30Ligand40CD154ActivatedTcells,Mastcells,BasophilsCD40Ligand33CD155Monocytes,Macrophages,ThymocytesPoliovirusReceptor80-90CD156aMonocytes,Macrophages,GranulocytesADAM860CD156bBroadTACE/ADAM1785CD156cBroadADAM-1098CD157Monocytes,Neutrophils,EndothelialcellsBST-142-45CD158Tcellsubset,NKcellsubsetseenote2innotessectionCD158aNKcells,Tcellsubsetp58.1zP50.150,58CD158bNKcells,Tcellsubsetp58.2zp50-250,58CD159aNKcellsNKG2a43CD159cNKcellsNKG2C40CD160Tcellsubset,NKcellsubsetBy5526CD161NKcells,TcellsubsetNKR-P160CD162Tcells,Monocytes,Granulocytes,BcellsubsetPSGL-1110CD162RNKcellsubsetPEN5CHOCD163MonocytesKiM4130CD164Tcells,Monocytes,Granulocytes,Bcellsubset,ProgenitorcellsMGC-2480CD165Thymocytes,ThymicepithelialcellsAD2/gp3737CD166ActivatedLymphocytes,Endothelialcells,FibroblastsALCAM,CD6Ligand100CD167aEpithelialcells,MyoblastsDiscoidinDomainReceptor,DDR1120CD168Thymocytesubset,Tcellsubset,MonocytesRHAMM84-88CD169MacrophagesubsetSialoadhesin185CD170Macrophagesubset,NeutrophilsSiglec-5140CD171Monocytes,Tcellsubset,BcellsLI200CD172aMonocytes,Tcellsubset,StemcellsSIRPa110CD172bMonocytes,DendriticcellsSIRPpl50CD172gTcells,ActivatedNKcellsSIRPy,SIRPp245-50CD173Redcells,Stemcellsubset,PlateletsBloodgroupHtype2CHO治；④體內免疫調節(jié)治療。在許多場合下，抗體及其識別的相應抗原都用同一個CD序號，因此在參閱教科書和文獻時需加注意：(1)CD是流水編號，CD129暫缺；CD67和CD66b是重復的；CD187-190,CD211,CD237,CD341-343,CD345-248暫未編號。(2)CD中帶有w的抗原或抗體CDwl2,CDW198,CDwl99,CDw293尚需繼續(xù)進行全面鑒定。⑶有些CD抗原又可進一步劃分為不同的成員，一般用小寫英文字母表示，但情況有所不同：①如CD1可分為CDla,CDlb和CDlc,這三種不同分子是分別由三個不同的高度同源的基因所編碼；②CD45至少可分為CD45RA,CD45RB,CD45RC和CD45RO,它們是同一基因的不同異型/同種型(isoform);③CD2和CD2R是識別同一個分子上不同的表位;④CD49已進一步劃分為CD49a,D49b,CD49c,CD49d,CD49e和CD49f,它們的基因定位于不同的染色體上，但具有較高的同源性。(4)CD的組劃分的特異性是相對的，實際上，許多CD抗原的組織細胞分布較為廣泛。此外，有的CD抗原可由不同的分類角度而歸入不同的組，如IL-2受體a鏈CD25是活化T細胞的標記，也屬于細胞因子受體；再如某些屬于T細胞、B細胞、髓細胞或NK細胞組的CD抗原實際上也是粘附分子，等等。CD主要抗原表達(MainAntigenExpression)/其他名字/分子量(kDa)CDlaCorticalThymocytes(stg),Bcellsubset,Dendriticcells,Langerhanscells49,12CDlbCorticalThymocytes(mod),Bcellsubset,Dendriticcells,LangerhansCD174Stemcellsubset,EpithelialcellsLewisYCHOCD175StemcellsubsetTNCHOCD175sErythroblastsSialyl-TnCHOCD176StemcellsubsetThomson-FriedrenreichantigenCHOCD177NeutrophilsubsetNB156-62CD178ActivatedTcellsFasligand38-42CD179aPro-Bcells,Pre-BcellsVprebeta16CD179bPro-Bcells,Pre-BcellsLambda522CD180Bcellsubset,Monocytes,DendriticcellsRpl05/Bgp9595-105CD181Neutrophils,TcellsubsetCXCR139CD182Monocytes,Granulocytes,TcellsubsetCXCR240CD183ActivatedTcells,ActivatedNKcellsCXCR340CD184Tcellsubset,Bcells,Monocytes,Dendriticcells,Endothelialcells,CXCR445CD185Bcells,TcellsubsetCXCR545CD186TcellsubsetCXCR6,BONZO40CD191Tcells,Monocytes,StemcellsubsetCCR139CD192Monocytes,Tcellsubset,Bcells,Basophils,Endothelialcells,CCR240CD193Eosinophils,Basophils,Tcellsubset,Dendriticcellsubset,CCR345CD194Tcells,Bascphils,Platelets,Monocytes(low)CCR441CD195Monocytes,TcellsubsetCCR545CD196Tcellsubset,Bcells,DendriticcellsubsetCCR645CD197TcellsubsetCCR745CDwl98Tcellsubset,MonocytesCCR850CDwl99TcellsubsetCCR950CD200Thymocytes,Bcells,Endothelium,ActivatedTcellsOX-245-50CD201EndothelialcellsubsetEndothelialcellProteinCReceptor(EPCR)50CD202bEndothelialcells,StemcellsTie/Tek150CD203cBasophils,MegakaryocytesNPP3130-150CD204MacrophagesMacrophageScavengerReceptor220CD205Dendriticcells,ThymicepitheliumDEC-205205CD206Dendriticcellsubset,Macrophages,MonocytesMacrophageMannoseReceptor180CD207ImmaturelangerhanscellsLangerin40CD208InterdigitatingdendriticcellsDC-LAMP70-90CD209DendriticcellsubsetDC-SIGN44CDw210Tcells,Bcells,NKcells,Monocytes,MacrophagesIL-10R90-110CD212ActivatedTcells,ActivatedNKcellsIL-12Rpl100CD213alBcells,Monocytes,Fibroblasts,EndothelialcellsIL-13Ral65CD213a2Bcells,MonocytesIL-13Ra265CD217BroadIL-17R120CD218aLymphocytes,Neutrophils,DendriticcellsubsetIL-18Ra70CD218bLymphocytes,Neutrophils,DendriticcellsubsetIL-18RP70CD220BroadInsulinReceptor140+70CD221BroadIGF-1Receptor140+70CD222BroadIGF-2Receptor/Mannose-6-phosphateReceptor250CD223ActivatedTcells,ActivatedNKcellsLAG-370CD224Leukocytes,StemcellsGammaGlutamylTransferase(GGT)27,68CD225BroadLeu-1317CD226Tcells,NKcells,Monocytes,PlateletsDNAM-165CD227Stemcellsubset,EpithelialcellsMUC-1300CD228Stemcells,MelanomacellsMelanotransferrin80-95CD229Tcells,BcellsLy-995,110CD230BroadPrionProtein35CD231Tcellleukemia,NeuroblastomaTALLA-130-45CD232BroadVESPR(PlexinCl)200CD233RedcellsBand390CD234RedcellsDuffy35-45CD235aRedcellsGlycophorinA36CD235bRedcellsGlycophorinB20CD236Stemcellsubset,RedcellsGlycophorinC/D32/23CD236RStemcellsubset,RedcellsGlycorphorinC32CD238Stemcellsubset,RedcellsKell93CD239Stemcellsubset,RedcellsB-CAM,Lutheran78-85CD240CERedcellsRhesus30CE30-32CD240DRedcellsRhesus30D30-32CD241RedcellsRhesus50Glycoprotein50CD242RedcellsICAM-442CD243StemcellsMDR-1180CD244NKcells,Tcellsubset2B470CD245Tcellsubsetp220/240220-240CD246AnaplasticTcellleukemiaAnaplasticLymphomaKinase80CD247Tcells,NKcellsTCRzetachain16CD248StromalFibroblasts,TumorendotheliumEndosialin175CD249Endothelialcells,EpithelialcellsAminopeptidaseA160CD250ReservedforTNFCD251ReservedforlymphotoxinCD252Dendriticcells,Endothelialcells,ActivatedBcells0X40Ligand34CD253ActivatedTcells,ActivatedBcells,ActivatedmonocytesTRAIL33-34CD254ActivatedTcells,Stromalcells,OsteoblastsTRANCE,RANKL35CD255ReservedforTWEAKCD256MyeloidcellsAPRIL16CD257MyeloidcellsBlyS,BAFF45CD258ActivatedTcells,ImmaturedendriticcellsLIGHT28CD259ReservedforNGFCD260ReservedforlymphotoxinbetareceptorCD261Leukocytes(veryweak),TumorcellsTRAIL-RI,APO257CD262BroadTRAIL-R2,DR560CD263Broad(weak)TRAIL-R3,DcRl65CD264BroadTRAIL-R4,DcR235CD265Broad,Osteoclasts,DendriticcellsRANK,TRANCE-R97CD266HUVECTWEAK-R14CD267Bcells(weak),ActivatedTcellsTACI32CD268Bcells,Tcells(weak)BAFF-R25CD269BcellsBCMA27CD270ReservedforLIGHTRCD271Neurons,Stromalcells,FolliculardendriticcellsNGFR75CD272ThlcellsBTLACD273Dendriticcells,ActivatedTcells,ActivatedmonocytesB7-DCZPD-L225CD274Dendriticcells,ActivatedTcells,ActivatedmonocytesB7-H1,PD-L140CD275Dendriticcells,Bcells(weak),Tcells(weak),Activatedmonocytes,ICOSL60CD276Dendriticcellsubset,ActivatedmonocytesB7-H3(long)40-45CD277Tcells,Bcells,NKcells,Monocytes,Dendriticcells,Stemcell,BT3.1,BTF556CD278ActivatedTcellsICOS,AILIM56CD279ActivatedTcells,ActivatedBcellsPD155CD280Myeloidprogenitors,Fibroblasts,Endothelialcellsubset,Macrophagesubset,Endol80,TEM22180CD281Monocytes,NeutrophilsTLR1,TIL90CD282Monocytes,NeutrophilsTLR2ZTIL485CD283Fibroblasts,DendriticcellsTLR3100CD284Monocytes(weak)TLR485CD285ReservedforTLR5CD286Monocytes,Dendriticcells,EndothelialcellsTLR692CD287ReservedforTLR7CD288Peripheralbloodleukocytes,Monocytes,DendriticcellsTLR8120CD289Dendriticcellsubset,ActivatedBcellsTLR9115-120CD290Blymphocytes,DendriticcellsTLR1095CD291ReservedforTLR11CD292BoneprogenitorcellsBMPR1A50-58CDw293BoneprogenitorcellsBMPR1B50-58CD294Th2cells,Eosinophils,BasophilsCRTH2,GPR4455-70CD295Broad,Monocytes(weak)LEPR,OBR130-150CD296Epithelialcells,Muscle,Tcellsubset,MyeloidcellsubsetART137CD297Redcells,Erythroblasts,ActivatedmonocytesART4,DombrockBloodGroup38CD298BroadNa,KATPase陽Subunit52CD299EndothelialcellsubsetDC-SIGNR,L-SIGN45CD300aDendriticcells,Monocytes,LymphocytesubsetsCMRFH60CD300cDendriticcells,Monocytes,LymphocytesubsetsCMRF35ACD300eMonocytesCMRF35L1CD301ImmaturedendriticcellsMGL,CLECSF1438CD302Granulocytes,Monocytes,DendriticcellsDCL130CD303DendriticcellsubsetBDCA238CDlcCorticalThymocytes(weak),Bcellsubset,Dendriticcells,Langerhanscells43,12CD2Tcells,NKcellsLFA-2,E-RosetteReceptor50CD2RActivatedTcells50CD3Tcells16,20,25-28CD4Helper-inducerTcells,Monocytes,Macrophages56CD5Tcells,Bcellsubset67CD6Tcells,Bcellsubset105CD7Tcells40CD8Cytotoxic/SuppressorTcells,NKcells32-34CD9Platelets,Monocytes,Pre-Bcells24CD10Pre-Bcells,GranulocytesCALLA100CDllaLeukocytesLFA-1,aLIntegrin180CDllbGranulocytes；Monocytes,NKcellsMAC-1,aMIntegrin,CR3170CD304DendriticcellsubsetBDCA4,Neuropilin140CD305NKcells,Tcells,Bcells,MonocytesLAIR-140CD306PutativesecretedproteinLAIR-2CD307BcellsubsetIRTA2,FcRH5100CD308ReservedforVEGFR1CD309Endothelialcells,StemcellsubsetsVEGFR2,FLK1ZKDR230CD310ReservedforVEGFR3CD311ReservedforEMR1CD312Neutrophils,Monocytes,DCsubset,Macrophages,Activatedlymphocytes,EMR290CD313ReservedforEMR3CD314NKcells,TcellsubsetNKG2D42CD315Bcellsubset,ActivatedmonocytesCD9P1,SMAP6135CD316Bcells,Tcells,NKcells(weak)EWI2,IgSF863CD317Bcells,Tcells,Monocytes,NKcells,DendriticcellsBST2,HM1.2429-33CD318StemcellsubsetCDCP1,SIMA135135CD319NKcells,Tcellsubset,Bcellsubset,DendriticcellsubsetCRACC,SLAMF766CD320Folliculardendriticcells8D6CD321BroadJAM-1,F-11R32-35CD322Endothelialcells,Monocytes,Bcells,TcellsubsetJAM-2,VE-JAM45CD323ReservedforJAM-3CD324Epithelialcells,Stemcells,ErythroblastsE-Cadherin,Cadherin1120CD325Neurons,Endothelialcells,StemcellsN-CadherinzCadherin2140CD326EpithelialcellsEp-CAM40CD327Bcells,TrophoblastsSiglec6,OB-BP1CD328NKcells,Monocytes,TcellsubsetSiglec7zAIRM175CD329Monocytes,Granulocytes,NKcellsSiglec9CD330ReservedforSigleclOCD331Fibroblasts,EpithelialcellsFGFR1,FLT2130CD332Fibroblasts,EpithelialcellsFGFR2,KGFR115-135CD333Fibroblasts,EpithelialcellsFGFR3,JTK4115-135CD334Fibroblasts,EpithelialcellsFGFR4,JTK2110CD335NKcellsNKp46zNCR1,Ly9446CD336NKcellsNKp44,NCR2,Ly9544CD337NKcellsNKp30zNCR3,Lyll730CD338StemcellsubsetABCG2,BCRP72CD339Stromalcells,Epithelialcells,Jaggedl,JAG1150CD340Stemcellsubset,HER-2185CD344Stemcellsubset,Broad,FZD460FZD964CD349Stemcellsubset,Broad,FZD964CD350Stemcellsubset,Broad,FZD1065CDllcGranulocytes,Monocytes,NKcells,Tcellsubset,Bcellsubset,aXIntegrin150CDwl2Granulocytes,Monocytes90-120CD13Granulocytes,MonocytesAminopeptidaseN130CD14Monocytes55CD15Granulocytes,MonocytesLewisXCHOCD15sNeutrophilsSialylLewisXCHOCD15uMyeloidsubsetSulfatedLewisXCHOCD16aNKcells,MacrophagesFcRIIIA50-65CD16bGranulocytesFcRIIIB48CD17Granulocytes,Monocytes,PlateletsLactosylceramide-CD18Leukocytes(Plateletsnegative)02Integrin95CD19Bcells90CD20Bcells33,35,37CD21Bcellssubset,FolliculardendriticcellsCR2145CD22Bcells140CD23Bcellsubset,Eosinophils,PlateletsFcsRII50-45CD24Bcells,Granulocytes41/38CD25ActivatedTcellsIL-2RaChain55CD26Tcellsubset,Macrophages110CD27Tcellsubset55CD28Tcellsubset44CD29LeukocytespiIntegrin130CD30ActivatedTandBcells,ReedSternbergcellsKi-1105CD31Platelets,Monocytes,Granulocytes,BcellsPECAM-1,GPIIa140CD32Monocytes,Neutrophils,Bcells,EosinophilsFcRII40CD34HematopoieticProgenitorcells105-120CD35Monocytes,Bcells,GranulocytesCR1160,190,220,250CD36Mon