電氣畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯-電力系統(tǒng)通信蓄電池電源的檢測(cè)與維護(hù)解決方案

英文原文：PowersystemcommunicationpowersupplytestandmaintenanceofthebatterysolutionAbstractInalargenumberofdataexperimentsandfieldapplication,andonthebasisofthetelecomroominthepowerthepowerofcommoncommonproblemsareanalyzedanddiscussed,from,testingandmaintenanceofreal-timemonitoringsystemsafety,andputforwardasetofcompletesolutions.Keywords:batterygroup;Powersource;Detection;maintenanceIntroductionTheelectricpowercommunicationsystemcenterroomequippedwithalargeamountofstoragebatteryinstallation,onthecommunicationsdepartment.Theoperationoftheelectricpowersystemsandsupport,spareplayanimportantrole.Butinthemaintenanceprocess,orwilloftenmeetmanyproblems,adetailedanalysisofthebelow.1.ThebatterypowersupplyconditionandanalyzesthereasonsWeforlargecommunicationmachine.Roomontheactualtest,tothebatterypowersupplysystemforthecomprehensivestudy,foundthatmanyrooms,communicationsequipmenthavelowloadcapacitybattery,systemreliabilityofthepoor,inherearetwogroupsofdataaboutbatteryproblems:A.batteryservicelifeforthedesignofthegeneral8-1Oyears,andstatisticaldatashowthatthebatterylifeidealcircumstancescanachieve4-6years,generallycannotmeetthedesigndemand,alargenumberoftelecommunicationroomusedlessthan3years(sometwoyears)appearbehindbattery,partofthebatteryevenscrapped;B.2010yearsurumqipowerbureautelecommunicationroomdatashowthatbecausethebatteryelectricpowercommunicationpowersupplyfaultfromaccidentsaccountedfor35%,inrecentyearsthedatainterfacerapidly,theratiohasrisento7%.Twosetsofdatatoshowthattheproblemismoreseriousbattery,thebatterypowersupplyofsecurityandreliabilityhaveaseriousthreat,investigateitsreason,mainlyinthefollowingnineaspects:1.1batterydesignprocessqualityThebatterydesignprocessexistsplatetechnologydesign,materialdesign,oxygencompositedesign,thepressuresetAcomprehensiveplandefect,makeabatteryperformanceandlifehavebeenaffected,mainperformanceforbatteryfailure,earlyleakagewaterloss,deformationcracks,etc.Forsimpleascendingbatterycapacity,willthebatteryplatethin,andincreasethenumberplate,makesthesamevolumeofthecasingelectrolytereactionareagreatlyincreased,capacityimprovesoon,butbecausethinplate,plateeasilycorrosion,softeningbattery,servicelifeandthereforegreatlyshorten,easytoproducetheearlyfailureproblems.Becauseofthelowpressuresetting,chargeoncetoacertainpressure,controlvalveswillbeopenRev.,gasisthroughthevalvewereleaked,causethebatteryfluidloss(usuallyinaholeoracolumnvalvewillfindaslightlydampneartheliquid),thiskindofbatteryalsoeasytoproducetheearlyfailure,valvepressuredesignandmaterialalsohasadirectrelationshipbetweentheshell.Duetoshellmaterial,oxygencompositeefficiency,valvedesignpressure,andothercomprehensivetechnologylack,somebatteriesintheprocessofcharginganddischargingpool,easytoproducetheshelldeformation,beatevencrack.1.2theinfluenceoftheoperationenvironmentRunningenvironmentisthemainroomtemperatureonbatterylifeinfluenceisbigger,in25℃environmentconditions,theenvironmentalaveragetemperatureincreaseevery10℃,batterylifeisreducedbyhalf.Northwesttemperaturechangesgreatly(a30℃a+55~C),thesubstationtelecommunicationroomlessequippedwithairconditioner,thermalperformanceispoor,temperatureonbatterylifeformdirectlyinfluence.1.3operationmodeandinstallationmethodBatterypacksaregenerallymorebatteryseriesintoagroup,twogroupsofparalleloperation.SiteoftenFoundintheinternalbattery,articleconnection(board)cornerofbatteryperformancegenerallyhaveslightlyworse,themainreasonisthearticleconnectiontoolong(otherconnectionisthearticle5al0times)andthematerialsofthecontactresistancecausedtoolarge,leadtotheconnectionofpressuredroparticleistoobig,intheprocessofcharginganddischarging,willseriouslyaffectperipheralbatterycharginganddischargingeffect,thiskindofproblemshouldbeavoided.1.4thequalityofpowersupplyandloaddesignproblemThetelecomroomislocatedinremotegeneraltransformersubstation,oftenwithoutpowerandthebatteryinfrequentcharged,anddischargestatus,theseriousinfluencebatterylife.Computerroomloadrelativetothebatterycapacityareslantssmall,suchastheactualloadfor30A,communicationsequipmentconfigurationofbatterycapacityiscommonlytwogroupsof300Ah,theutilityafterinterrupting,storagebatterywilltotinycurrentbegantodischarge,andsmalldischargecurrentgenerationofsulfuricacidleadparticlesiseasytocrystallizationintopiecesandEtelecommunicationroomaregenerallyruralpowersupply,thequalityofpowersupplyisnotstable,poweroverAlongperiodoftime,poweroutagesfrequent,sulfuricacidleadparticlesgeneratedmoreeasilyirreversiblesulfate.1.5professionaltestingmethodsandlackofequipmentInthedischargedetection,duetolackofmonomerdetectionequipmentprotectionfunctions,therefore,indischargeonlybythegroupwhenvoltageobservation,combinedwithmanualmeasuringforinspection.Finda1.8vbattery,immediatelysuspendtest.Thiswaylowefficiency,safetyallthesexdifferences,tothebatterycan'tformaneffectiveprotection.Thebatterycharacteristicparametersaremainlyembodiedinthevoltage,resistanceandcapacity,theconventionaldetectionmethodmainlymeasuringvoltage,observetheshellsigns,checkthebolttightnessetc.Sothatonlysomerepresentationstotheparameter,andcannotmaster'simportant!Parameterssuchasresistance,capacity,etc.1.6charger,dischargemanagementsystemisnotperfectRechargingproblemsmainlyinvolvestochargecycle,allarechargingpressure,flow,allarechargingfillingtime,Allfillingconversioncontrol,floattemperaturecompensationofdetailedregulations.Somemaintenancepersonneltoimprovebatterychargingefficiency,improvedchargingvoltage,andincreasethechargingcurrent,leadingtoincreasedpressure,thencombinedlowefficiency,thebatterytodehydrate,areplatebarcorrosion.Withthisseveralyearsofbatterymanagementknowdeeply,relatedproblemsreducegradually,butforthisproblemormustcauseenoughattentiontomainpayattentiontothefollowingthreepoints:oneisthechargecan'tchargehighpressure,evenwitharecharging,voltagemustalsoberestrictedin2.35Vscope(thenewbatteryshouldbecontrolledin2-3V);2itischargingelectriccurrentcannottoomuch,itwillspeedupplatescorrosion,causeplatesoftening,restrainoxygencompositeefficiency;3itischargingprocessmustbetemperaturecompensation,compensationcoefficientsfora3mV/℃2mV/~Cone.2.Testingandmaintenanceprogram2.1replacementhasseriousdegradationthebatterypacks,strengthentheselectionofthebatteryTofindBicanhavedepthdegradationandaseriousthreattothesecurityofthebatterypowersupplysystemGroupsshouldbeearlychange,andstrengthenthebatterytechnologyselection.Processqualityproblemisthefocusoftheselectionconsiderbattery,thebatterycanbebasedonstandard,batterymakerstoraisespecifictechnicalrequirements,suchasofthematerials,valvepressure.,platethickness,quantity,voltage,resistanceSui,balancedequilibriumcharacteristics,oxygencompositeefficiency,waterlossrate,forthroughtheacceptancetestcandetectproject,mustconducttestontheseworkcanbefurtherensurethereliabilityofthebatteryforlong-termuse.Vrlabatteriesforproductiontechnologyisstrict,atpresentdomesticbatterylifeManufacturersinthemorethan300,allsortsoftechnologyofhandicraftisvarious,theproposalisinbeforepurchase,thebatteryrigorousscreening,asfaraspossiblechoicecompleteproductionequipment,strongtechnicalforce,servicefacilities,perfectbrandenterprise.,2.2strengthenearlybatterytest,improvebatterysupportabilityofputintooperationAtthebeginningofthestoragebatterycheckisaveryimportanttestinglink,thebatterytechnologystandardsInearlytocheckthebatteryhasaclearrequest,theengineroomoftheelectricpowercommunicationbatteryinstallation,runandmaintenanceandmanagementisofimportantsignificance.Forthespecificrequirementsoftheearlybatterycheckis:batteriesbeforeputintooperation,thefirstfirstchecksexdischarge,itscapacityshouldbenotlessthan95%,afterthecompletionofthedischargetothebatterycharge;Filled,aquietplace1-2h,makeasecondchecksexdischarge,afterthecompletionofthedischargeofbatterycharge;Filled,aquietplace1~2h,thirdcheckBidischarge,itscapacityshouldbenotlessthan100%,afterthecompletionofthedischargetochargethebattery.2.3maintenancechangeideas,strengthenthebatterypowersupplyofprofessionalmonitoringmanagementProfessionalcentralizedmonitoringsysteminthetraditionalmonitoringsystembasedonthefunction,increasethestorageofelectricityPoolmonomerbatteryvoltage,resistanceandchecktestfunctions,themoretheearthplayedamonitoringmanagementfunctions,improvethemaintenanceefficiency.Implementingspecializedmonitoring,andotherinstallationcommonmonitoringornotpackmonitoringcommunicationsequipmentphaseThan,thepowersupplyratereducedgreatly,foundthattheproblemistimely,ensurethesafetyandreliabilityofthetelecomroomimproved.2.4configurationdieselgenerators,strengthenintelligentcontrolmanagement,ensurethatelectricpowercommunicationsecurityThebatteryelectricpowercommunicationcommunicationsequipmentisnecessaryshorttimedcpower,anddieselgeneratorMachineislongtimeplaystheroleofcommunicationstandbypower.MostofthecommunicationsarenospareroomwoodOilgenerator,canincreasethesmalldieselgeneratorconfiguration.Consideringthemaintenanceworkloadisbig,shortageofpersonnel,vehiclesandequipmentandturnovernervoustheactualproblem,cannotintelligentdieselgeneratorincreaseintelligentcontrolsystem,intheutilitypowerlost,theutilityisunstable,thephaselack,owepressure,pressureandsoonmanykindsofconditions,canbeautomaticallystartdieselgenerator,andtoswitchintopowernetworkoperation.Fortheoperationofthedieselgeneratormaintenanceandmanagement,shouldalsotogetherwithbattery,intotheprofessionalcentralizedmonitoringsystem,sothatintimecontrolsystemofpowerthebatteryoperationparametersandworkingstate.中文翻譯：電力系統(tǒng)通信蓄電池電源的檢測(cè)與維護(hù)解決方案摘要在大量的數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)電力通信機(jī)房電源普遍存在的共同性問題進(jìn)行了分析和探討，從檢測(cè)維護(hù)、實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控及系統(tǒng)安全等角度提出了一套完整方案。關(guān)鍵詞：蓄電池組；電源；檢測(cè)；維護(hù)引言電力通信系統(tǒng)各中心機(jī)房安裝配備有大量的蓄電池，其對(duì)通信系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行與電能支撐、備用起到重要的作用。但是在具體的維護(hù)過程中，還是會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到許多問題，下面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析。1.蓄電池電源狀況及其原因分析我們對(duì)大量通信機(jī)．房進(jìn)行了實(shí)際測(cè)試，對(duì)蓄電池電源系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了綜合性研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)許多機(jī)房、通信機(jī)房都存在蓄電池負(fù)載能力低下、系統(tǒng)可靠性差的問題，在這里有兩組關(guān)于蓄電池問題的數(shù)據(jù)：a.蓄電池的設(shè)計(jì)使用壽命一般為8—1O年，而統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)表明，電池壽命理想情況下能達(dá)到4—6年，普遍都達(dá)不到設(shè)計(jì)要求，大量通信機(jī)房使用不到3年(有的2年)就出現(xiàn)電池落后，部分電池甚至報(bào)廢；b．2010年烏魯木齊電業(yè)局通信機(jī)房統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)表明，由于蓄電池故障引起的電力通信電源事故占35％，近年來這介數(shù)據(jù)快速攀升，這個(gè)比例已經(jīng)上升到7%左右。兩組數(shù)據(jù)表明，蓄電池的問題比較嚴(yán)重，對(duì)蓄電池電源的安全和可靠產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重威脅，究其原因，主要有以下9個(gè)方面：1.1電池設(shè)計(jì)工藝質(zhì)量電池設(shè)計(jì)工藝存在極板工藝設(shè)計(jì)、材料設(shè)計(jì)、氧復(fù)合設(shè)計(jì)、閥壓設(shè)計(jì)等綜合性缺陷，使電池性能和壽命受到嚴(yán)重影響，主要表現(xiàn)為電池早期失效、漏液失水、變形裂縫等。為單純提升電池容量，將電池極板變薄，并增加極板數(shù)量，使得同一容積的殼體內(nèi)電解液反應(yīng)面積大幅度增加，容量提升很快，但由于極板變薄，電池極板容易腐蝕、軟化，使用壽命也因此大大縮短，容易產(chǎn)生早期失效問題。由于閥壓設(shè)置偏低，充電時(shí)一旦達(dá)到一定壓力，控制閥便自動(dòng)開啟，氣體也就通過閥門外泄，造成電池失水(一般在閥門孔或者極柱附近會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有輕微潮濕的液體)，這類電池也容易產(chǎn)生早期失效，閥壓設(shè)計(jì)與殼體材料也有著直接關(guān)系。由于殼體材料、氧復(fù)合效率、閥壓設(shè)計(jì)等綜合技術(shù)欠缺，有些電池池在充放電過程中，容易產(chǎn)生殼體變形、鼓包甚至裂縫。1.2運(yùn)行環(huán)境的影響運(yùn)行環(huán)境主要是機(jī)房溫度對(duì)電池壽命影響較大，在25℃環(huán)境條件下，環(huán)境平均溫度每增加10℃，電池壽命就將減少一半。西北地區(qū)溫度變化較大(一30℃一+55~C)，變電站通信機(jī)房較少配備空調(diào)，散熱性能較差，環(huán)境溫度對(duì)電池壽命形成直接影響。1.3運(yùn)行方式及安裝方法電池組一般都是多節(jié)電池串聯(lián)而成一組，兩組并聯(lián)運(yùn)行。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)在電池組內(nèi)部，連接條(板)拐彎處的電池性能一般都要稍差些，主要原因是連接條過長(zhǎng)(是其他連接條的5一l0倍)以及由于材料引起的接觸電阻過大，導(dǎo)致該連接條上的壓降太大，在充放電過程中，就會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響周邊電池充放電效果，這類問題應(yīng)避免。1.4供電質(zhì)量及負(fù)載設(shè)計(jì)問題變電站通信機(jī)房一般地處偏遠(yuǎn)，經(jīng)常停電，電池處于頻繁充電、放電狀態(tài)，嚴(yán)重影響電池壽命。機(jī)房負(fù)載相對(duì)于電池容量都偏小，例如實(shí)際負(fù)載為30A，通信機(jī)房配置的電池容量一般為兩組300Ah，市電中斷后，蓄電池便會(huì)以極小電流開始放電，而小電流放電生成的硫酸鉛顆粒很容易結(jié)晶成塊加E通信機(jī)房一般都是農(nóng)網(wǎng)供電，供電質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定，停電時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，停電頻繁，硫酸鉛顆粒更容易生成不可逆硫酸鹽。1.5專業(yè)檢測(cè)手段及設(shè)備缺乏在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行放電檢測(cè)時(shí)，由于檢測(cè)設(shè)備缺乏單體保護(hù)設(shè)置功能，因此，在放電時(shí)只能通過整組電壓觀察，結(jié)合手工測(cè)量進(jìn)行檢查。發(fā)現(xiàn)有電池達(dá)到1．8v時(shí)，立即中止測(cè)試。這種方式效率低，