英語八大時(shí)態(tài)用法詳解

主語be動(dòng)詞（isamare）+主語+行為動(dòng)詞的原形或單數(shù)第三人稱形式+Therebe句型：Thereisare+n.介詞短語isaren.的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。am/is/are+don’t，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用Thereisarenot+n介詞短語isamaredodoes）Thereisare+n.介詞短語isare（1）on+severy星期（2）oncetwicethreetimesaweek(monthyear頻度副詞always/usually/often/sometimes=attimes=(every)onceinawhile/seldom/never（不絕對(duì)）inthemornings/afternoons/evenings=everymorning/afternoon/如：Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.如：Pridegoesbeforeafall.如：Columbusprovedthattheearthis如：Idon’twantsomuch.AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakcome,go,arrive,leave,startbeginreturn的普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)能夠表達(dá)將來，重要用來表如：ThetrainleavesatsixtomorrowWhendoesthebusItstarsinten如：WhenBillcomeswillcome),askhimtowaitforI’llwritetoyouassoonasIarrive主語waswere+主語+行為動(dòng)詞的過去式+Therebe句型:Therewaswere+n.+主語+usedtodowas/were+Therewaswerenot+n.主語+couldnot主語+usednottodosth或主語+didn’tusetodowasweredodidTherewaswere+n介詞短語:waswerecouldUsed主語todosthDid+主語+usetodo（1）last短語（2）時(shí)間段+ago（3）yesterdayyesterday（4）attheageofwhensb.was+年紀(jì)（5）inone’steens（6）固定短語：justnow=amomentago,oneday,fromthenon,atthattime,thedaybeforeyesterday,before,longbefore,inthepast,inthe/earlyolddays,intheancientdays,intheancient+國家，longlongago=onceuponatime(故事的開頭）如：Wheredidyougojustnow?如：WhenIwasachildIoftenplayedfootballinthestreet.注意：usedtodosth“過去經(jīng)常做某事”，表達(dá)過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已如：Motherusednottobesoforgetful.when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用普通過去時(shí)態(tài)，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：Hismotherwascookingwhenhecameback.since/before如：IhavemademanyfriendssinceIcametoChina.Ithasbeen/is15yearssinceIwasaIthasbeen/is15yearsbeforeheknewit.15when/bythetime/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用普通過去時(shí)態(tài)，主句用如：TheplanehadtakenoffwhenbythetimewearrivedattheTheEnlishclasshadbegunbeforeIgottoamis/areamisarenotbe（1）now（2）atthistime=atthis/themoment（3）Look!/LookatListen!/Listento…!（5）thesedays/months/years（6）Itis+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/日期/星如：Wearewaitingforyou.表達(dá)長久的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。如：MrGensriiganr說話時(shí)并不一定在寫小說)表達(dá)動(dòng)作的漸變，這樣的動(dòng)詞有：get,grow,becometurn,run,go,begin等。如：Theleavesareturningred.It’sgettingwarmerandalways,constantly,forever如：Youarealwayschangingyourmind.come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return如：I’mleaving如：Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.基本構(gòu)造：主語+was/were+doingwaswerenotdoingwaswere放于句首。（1）atthattime（2）atthistime+過去的時(shí)間（3）Itwas+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/日期/星期(過去（4）fromAtoB時(shí)間+如：WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.如：Whatwasshedoingatnineo’clockyesterday?介詞短語表達(dá)時(shí)間點(diǎn))Shewasdoingherhomeworkthen.（副詞表達(dá)時(shí)間點(diǎn)）WhenIsawhimhewasdecoratinghisroom.(when從句表達(dá)時(shí)間點(diǎn)如：Whenhewaswaitingforthebushewasreadinganewspaper兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行或主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在（1）amisaregoingtodosth（2）willdo（3）amis/arettodosth（4）amis/areabouttodo（1）amis/arenotgoingtodosth（2）willnot（won’t）do（3）amis/arenotttodosth（4）amis/arenotabouttodo（1）amisare放于句首；（2）will（3）amisare放于句首；（4）amisare2.（1）tomorrowthedayaftertomorrow（2）next（3）oneday,someday=someday,inthefuture,fromnow/todayon,beforelong,sometime,in+時(shí)間段(多長時(shí)間之后),infollowing+時(shí)間段will如：Theywillgotovisitthefactory如：TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.MaryhasbeenillforaOh,Ididn’tknow.Iwillgoandseebegoingto如：DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathis如：Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.when/assoonas/begore/afterif,unless,as/solong如：Don’ttroubletroublesuntiltroubletroublesyou.Hewillhelpyououtwheneveryouhaveproblems.Iwon'tgotothepartyunlessI'minvited.（1）wasweregoingtodosth（2）woulddo（1）waswerenotgoingtodosth（2）wouldnotdowaswere放于句首；（2）would時(shí)間狀語：thenextdaymorningyear),thefollowingmonth(week)（1）“would+動(dòng)詞原形”常表達(dá)主觀意愿的將來。如：Hesaidhewouldcometoseeme.他說他要來看我?！皐asweregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”常表達(dá)按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。如：Shesaidshewasgoingtostartoffatonce.Iwastoldthathewasgoingtoreturn如：Itseemedasifitwasgoingtorain.看來仿佛要下雨。come，go，leave，arrive，start等瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)過去將來的含義。如：Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatsixthenextmorning.Shetoldmeshewascomingtoseehavehasdonehavehasnot+done其它普通疑問句：Have/Has+主語+done+其它（1）already（用于必定句）yet（否認(rèn)句和普通疑問句）（2）just,ever,before,（3）sofar=uptonowuntiltillnowbynow（4）over/inthepast/last（5）by+時(shí)間（6）bytheendof（7）since+過去時(shí)間(如具體的年、月、日、鐘點(diǎn)等，如：1980,lastmonth,halfpast（8）since一段時(shí)間ago（9）recentlylately（10）inrecentsince/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用普通過去時(shí)態(tài)，主句用現(xiàn)在完畢如：IhavemademanyfriendssinceIcametoIthasbeen/is15yearssinceIwasaIthasbeen/is15yearsbeforeheknewit.15that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,先行詞前有形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾。如：You’rethebestteacherthathasevertaughtme.sincesince用來闡明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來闡明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間的長度。如：Wehaven’thadanyguestssincewemovedinhere.IhavelivedhereformorethantwentyforIworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。leave---beawayfrom borrow---keep buy---have begin/start---beondie---bedead finish---beover opensth---keepsthopenjoin---bein+組織機(jī)構(gòu)或beamemberof+組織機(jī)構(gòu)fallill/asleep---beill/asleep getup---beupcatch/getacold---haveacold comehere---behere gothere---betherebecome/get+adj.---be+adj comeback---bebackgetto/arrive/reach---be(in)gettoknow---know go(get)out---beout puton---wear/bein/bedressedin基本構(gòu)造：主語+haddone+其它hadn’tdone其它普通疑問句：had置于句首。時(shí)間狀語：before,bytheendoflastyear(termmonth)toldsaid,knew,heard,thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中。如：Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.whenbythetimebefore引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用普通過去時(shí)態(tài)，主句如：TheplanehadtakenoffwhenbythetimewearrivedattheTheEnlishclasshadbe