選擇性必修② UNIT 5 課下主題訓練 人與環(huán)境、人與動植物

PAGE第1頁共6頁選擇性必修②UNIT5課下主題訓練人與環(huán)境、人與動植物Ⅰ.閱讀理解Thailand'scapitalBangkokisbothattractiveandwonderful,acityofglasstowersandconcretebuildingscrowdedwithnearly10millionpeople.Thegroundbeneathisspongy(松軟多孔的)andmoist.Imagineabrickrestingontopofabirthdaycake.That'sBangkok—andit'ssinkingintotheEarthatanalarmingrate.Thailand'sdisasterspecialistshavebeenwarningofthiscomingdisasterforyears.Oneexperthassaidhe'sworriedaboutBangkokresemblingAtlantis.AnotherpreviouslytoldGlobalpostthatthecitywillbeunderfivefeetofwaterby2030.ThelatestestimatessuggestthatBangkokisnowsinkingasfastastwocentimetersperyearinpartsofthecity.Thepredictionsfor2100areevenmoreterrible.Bythen,Bangkokwillbefullysubmergedandunlivable.Likeglobalwarming,whichwillacceleratethecity'ssubmersionbyraisingthesealevel,Bangkok'ssinkingproblemsarerepeatedly_shrugged_off.Butthemonsoonseason,currentlyunderway,tendstobringthiscrisistomind.AnastystormcansuddenlyturnBangkok'sstreetsintogushingstreams.Sewersoverflow,taxismovethroughdirtywaterand,occasionally,kidscanpickupdisplacedfish.AnondSnidvongs,directoroftheSoutheastAsiaRegionalResearchCenter,predictsthecity'soutskirtswillbethefirsttogo.PartsoftheshorelineebyongBangkokarealreadyliendwithpumpsthatmakenoisesandhelptotransforminvadingseawater.Theydon'talwayswork.Duringheavyrains,saltwaterflowsinthestreetsofthecity.Bangkokisswallowedupalittlemoreeachday.Expertstendtooffertwosolutions.Thefirstistoputupamassiveseawallthatcouldcostnearly$3billion—nearly1percentofThailand'scurrentGDP.Thesecondoptionistogiveupentirelyandmovethecapitaltohigherground.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了曼谷以驚人的速度下沉，在慢慢消失。1．WhyisBangkoksinkingintotheearth?A．Itsbuildingsaretooheavy.B．Ithasanoverlargepopulation.C．Itsundergroundistooloose.D．Itisrestingontopofalake.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Thegroundbeneathisspongy(松軟多孔的)andmoist.”可知，下面的土松軟多孔、潮濕。故選C。2．Whatisthemostlikelymeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“shruggedoff”inParagraph3?A．ignored B．valuedC．a(chǎn)greed D．misunderstood解析：選A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句的前半句可知，地球變暖，這將提高海平面加速城市下沉；再根據(jù)畫線部分前面的repeatedly(重復地)可知，Bangkok的下沉問題被忽視。故選A。3．WhatinformationdoesParagraph4express?A．Theoptimismandwisdomshownbythecitypeople.B．ThepresentserioussituationBangkokisfacedwith.C．Theweaknessofthepumpstotransformwater.D．Thehugepowerproducedbythesurroundingseawater.解析：選B段落大意題。本段首先介紹了AnondSnidvongs的預測，認為曼谷郊區(qū)將首先被放棄。雖然海岸線地區(qū)安裝了水泵，但效果有限。在大雨期間，街道上都是海水。由此可推知本段主要說明了曼谷正在面臨的危險處境。4．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．BangkokisdisappearingB．TheremovalofBangkokC．Thailand'scapitalneedsaseawallD．Anattractivecityunderwater解析：選A標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“That'sBangkok—andit'ssinkingintotheEarthatanalarmingrate.”再根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Bangkokisswallowedupalittlemoreeachday.”可判斷本文主要講的是曼谷下沉的情況，故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Protectingtheenvironmentisreallychallenging,buttherearemeasuresthatyoucantaketohelppreservethenaturalworld.Participateinabeachorriverclean-up.Whenpeoplelitter,theirtrashoftenmakesitswaytoourlocalwaterways,destroyingthenaturalhomesofbirds,fishandothercreaturesinwater.__1__Plantnativetreesandshrubs.__2__Onceestablished,littleornoirrigationshouldbeneededformostwell-placednativeplants.Byplantingtreesandshrubsthatarenativetoyourarea,you'llbeworkingwiththelocalecosystemratherthanagainstit.Checkwithyourlocalnursery,orwithyourstate'scooperativeextensionagency,tolearnmoreabouttheparticularvarietiesofnativeplantsthatmightgrowwellinyourarea.__3__Conserveenergyinyourhomebyprovidingweatherstrippingandcaulkingallwindows,insulatingyourceilingsandfloors.Purchaseappliancesthatareenergy-efficient;lookforthe“EnergyStar”designation.Raiseawarenessofthreatstonature.Makesureyousharenewsaboutthethreatstotheenvironment,bothinsideandoutsideyourcommunity.Followsocialmediacampaigns,andsharetheirposts.Considerjoininginralliesandprotestmarchesifyou'reable.__4__Eatloweronthefoodchain.Thismeanseatlessbeef(highonthefoodchain)andmorerootvegetables,andfruits.Smallerfish,beingloweronthefoodchain,areusuallybetterthanlargerfish.__5__Shiftingtoamoreplant-basedstyleofeatingwillslowthedeforestationthatmeatproductionrequires.A．Reducethecarbonfootprintofyourhome.B．Trytobuyfromlocalgrowerswheneverpossible.C．Plant-basedfoodsrequirelessenergytoproduce.D．Plantingnativeplantshelpswithwaterconservation.E．Considerjoininginbeachorriversideclean-upevents.F．Writeletterstolocalnewspapersandcommunityblogs.G．Helpoutbyorganizingtheclean-upnearyourschoolduringholidays.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些保護環(huán)境的具體舉措，包括參與海灘或河流的清理工作，種植當?shù)刂参?，在家中?jié)能等。1．選E根據(jù)上文中的“Participateinabeachorriverclean-up.”可推知，本段呼吁讀者參與海灘或河流的清理工作，故選E。2．選D根據(jù)空前一句“Plantnativetreesandshrubs.”，并根據(jù)空后一句可推知，種植當?shù)刂参镉兄诠?jié)約水資源，故選D。3．選A根據(jù)該段中的“Conserveenergyinyourhome...Purchaseappliancesthatareenergy-efficient;lookforthe‘EnergyStar’designation.”可推知，本段主要講的是在家中節(jié)能，從而減少碳排放，故選A。4．選F根據(jù)上文中的“Makesureyousharenews...Followsocialmediacampaigns,andsharetheirposts.”，并結合選項可推知，選項F符合語境。5．選C根據(jù)空后一句“Shiftingtoamoreplant-basedstyleofeatingwillslowthedeforestationthatmeatproductionrequires.”，并與本文的主題環(huán)保形成呼應可推知，植物類的食物消耗能量較少，故選C。Ⅲ.完形填空Haveyouevernoticedhowthewayyoufeelaboutyourselfsometimesdependsonwhetherornotyougetconfirmationofyourvaluefromothers?Ihave__1__alotaboutnurturingapositiveidentityofloveandappreciationfromthemanwhotaughtmetotraindogs.First,hestartedoutby__2__hisdogswithloveandrespect,andbyshowingthemaninfiniteamountof__3__astheywerelearning.Then,the__4__thinghedidwasatruestrokeofgenius.Hewouldcutasmallpieceof__5__foreachdog.Hewouldplaceitinthedog'ssleepingarea,forhimto__6__eachnight.Hewouldalsotakethiscarpetduringthe___7__andsetitdowninvariouslocations,andsitthedogonthecarpet,ashe__8__thedogforbeinggood.Next,Frankwouldteachthedogto__9__thecarpethimself,andcarryitto__10__theyweregoing.Thedogwouldthensetthecarpetdownwhenthey__11__，withFrankallofthetimepraisinghim.NowFranksaid,“Thedogbeginstofeelthathetruly__12__ineveryplacehetravelsto,andnomatterwherehegoes,he__13__myloveandappreciation.”Ifthisstrategy__14__sobrilliantlywithdogs,woulditnotworkjust__15__withhumanbeings?語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。本文主要介紹弗蘭克對狗的訓練策略，以及將這些策略運用到生活中，對生活有很多的幫助。1．A.learned B．a(chǎn)ccumulatedC．improved D．distinguished解析：選A從那個教我訓練狗的人那里，我學到了很多關于培養(yǎng)愛和欣賞的積極認同感的知識。結合句意可知，此處是指作者從別人那兒學到了(learn)知識。2．A.pleasing B．treatingC．surrounding D．chasing解析：選B首先，他以愛和尊重對待(treat)他的狗。3．A.sympathy B．comfortC．patience D．honour解析：選C在它們學習的過程中向它們展示無限的耐心(patience)。結合語境和生活常識可知，訓練狗需要耐心。4．A.first B．lastC．next D．least解析：選C接下來他做的事是一個真正的天才之舉。根據(jù)上文的First可知C項“接下來”(next)符合語境。5．A.cloth B．meatC．a(chǎn)rea D．carpet解析：選D他將為每只狗剪一塊小毯子。根據(jù)下文的“sitthedogonthecarpet”可知D項“毯子”(carpet)符合文意。6．A.lieon B．hideinC．standbeside D．playwith解析：選A他會把它放在狗的睡覺區(qū)域，每晚讓狗躺在上面。結合上下文可知，此處是指讓狗躺在毯子上睡覺，lieon“躺在……上”；hidein“隱藏在……里”；standbeside“站在……旁”；playwith“和……一起玩”。7．A.morning B．a(chǎn)fternoonC．evening D．day解析：選D根據(jù)上文的“forhimto_________eachnight”可知狗晚上睡在毯子上，故推測白天(day)他會把毯子放在不同的地方。8．A.blamed B．encouragedC．praised D．a(chǎn)ccompanied解析：選C在白天期間他也會把毯子放在不同的地方，讓狗坐在毯子上，做得好他會表揚(praise)它。根據(jù)下文的“forbeinggood”可知C項“表揚”符合語境。9．A.carrywith B．careforC．cutup D．pickup解析：選D根據(jù)下文的“and