區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力戰(zhàn)略外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)

區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力戰(zhàn)略外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力戰(zhàn)略外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)(文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯)原文：EnhancethecompetitivenessoftheRegionalTourismStrategyAbstract:Thedevelopmentoftourismiscloselyrelatedtotouristresourcesandmarketingactivities.However,thegeographicalfeaturesoftouristresourcesandtouristmovementaccountfortheinteractionbetweentourismandgeographicalstructure,thusshowingacertaindegreeofregionalcharacteristics,whichalsodeterminestheinevitabilityandnecessityofregionaltourismcompetition.Thisleadstotheexistingofasignificanttasktoresearchintothestrategiestoadvanceregionaltourismcompetitiveness.Keywords:regionaltourism;competition;influence;strategyPrefaceInrecentyears,withtherestoftheworldcompetingtotourismasapillarindustryforthedevelopmentoflocalandregionalcompetitionamongthemoreobviousandin-depth.Howtobasetheirownreality,createcompetitiveadvantage,hasbecomeatoppriorityoftheregionaltourismdevelopment,butalsotravelinthenewroundofcompetitionoftherace.Onthecompetitivenessofregionaltourismcanenhancetheregionalcompetitionofthesenseofurgency,topromotediscoveryandunderstandingoftheregionalcompetitionintheirownstrengthsandweaknesses,andthenrapidresponse,positiveresponse,thelocalcompetitivenessthroughtheexpansionofChina'stourismindustrytostrengthentheinternationalmarketcompetitivepower.First,theregionaltourismcompetitivenessfactors.Theso-calledregionaltourismcompetitivenessreferstothevarioustouristregionsasawhole,initsownprocessofdevelopmentshowninthecompetitionfortourists,development,occupation,industry,tourismdevelopmentofthemarketandobtainthecapacityfactorandgrowthpotential.Regionaltourismcompetitivenessisnotthecompetitivenessofagivenarea,butbytheinteractionofmanyfactorsaffectingtheresults,butalsoapotentialtothecompetitivestrengthfromthecompetition,tocompetition,theresultsofthedynamicdevelopmentprocess.Competitiveoncemade,hasarousedextensiveconcernofscholarshomeandabroad.ThemostprominentofwhichisresearchprofessoratHarvardUniversity,thefamousexpertoncompetitivestrategyPorter,his"nationaldiamondmap"modelforindustrycompetitivenessstudyprovidesaneconomicparadigm.Second,toenhancethecompetitivenessofregionaltourismstrategychoice.CompetitiveloadingphasetheoryofPorterontheindustry,anotherimportantcontributiontocompetitiveness,accordingtothistheory,theformationofregionaltourismcompetitivenessgothroughfourstages,namely,factor-drivenstage,theinvestment-drivenstage,innovation-drivenstageandwealthdriverstage.Itischaracterizedbytwostages:Inthefactor-drivenstage,theformationofcompetitivenessfromtherichresourcesoftheregionrequireregionalintegrationthroughtheresourcesfoundsuperiorresources,thentheresourceadvantageintocompetitiveadvantage.Investment-drivenstageoftheformationofthecompetitivenessoftheregionbenefitedfromgovernmentandbusinessandinvestmentwillingnessandabilitytothedevelopmentofadvancedproductionfactors.Formostofourregion,ontheonehandisrichintourismresources,accordingtodifferentlevelsofresources.Specificstrategychoicesareasfollows:(A)strategicplanningofregionaltourismdevelopmentstrategyPlanningforthedevelopmentoftourisminaregioncrucialindeterminingthefuturedirectionoftheregionaltourismindustryandoverallprogramgoals.Regionaltourismdevelopmentstrategicplanningasacompetitiveregionaltourismproductdevelopmentisbasedonenhancingthecompetitivenessofregionaltourism,sustainabletourismdevelopmentasthegoaltoachieve,throughaspecificareaoftourismcompetitivestrengths,weaknesses,challenges,opportunitiesanalysis,choosetheappropriatelocaldevelopmentstrategy,andthenfosterstrengthsandcircumventweaknessestoensurelong-termregionaltourism,sustainableandstabledevelopment.Withtraditionalplanningforregionaltourism,regionaltourismdevelopmentstrategicplanningamorecomprehensiveandtargetedtospecificimplementationonalotofflexibilitythere,andthereforemoresuitableinthecompetitiveenvironmentfortourismdevelopmentbytheguide.(B)government-ledstrategyTourismdevelopmentrequiresafavorableexternalenvironment,anyoneoftourismenterprisesandgroupscancreateandleadallDuindustrytocreatesuchanenvironment,whichrequiresthedevelopmentoftourismGovernmentLeadingStrategytobe.Asagovernmentdepartment,shouldplayanactiveandeffectivecoordinationoftheirowninitiativeandcapabilities,leadingtowardsagooddirectionforregionaltourismdevelopment.Theauthorbelievesthatthegovernmentdepartmentstoachievethefollowingtwoaspectsofitsleadingrole:First,establishagoodmarketcompetition,improvethetourismmarketsystemandstrengthenthelawsandregulationsontourism,andcreateafairandreasonablecompetitioninorder;thesecondistheestablishmentofaflexibleindustrialdevelopmentpoliciesandreasonableinvestments,increasedcapitalinvestmentinthetourismindustry,encourageandtravelagents.(C)TourismproductdifferentiationandserializationstrategyTourismproductsiscarriedoutbasedtourismactivitiesandconditions.Enrichedandimprovedinallregionstravelthroughtheproductlinecanenhancetheoveralllevelofsupplycapacityandtoincreasetheintensityofthetouristsbuy.Intheinternationaltourismmarket,alargenumberofhomogeneousproductsfloodedconditions,andadheretodifferentproductlines,caneffectivelyavoidweakeningthehomogeneitybetweenregionsduetostrongcompetitionresultingproduct.Meanwhile,theneighboringregionthroughthedifferentiationbetweentheproductscanalsoachievetheeffectoffosteringstrengthsandcircumventingweaknessesinterestinregionalcooperationandwin-winsituation.(D)TravelFinancingStrategyFundsareoneofthebasicelementsoftourismdevelopment.Theeconomicstrengthofweakregions,theshortageoffundsisrestrictedtoenhancethecompetitivenessoftheregionaltourismindustrybottlenecks.Therefore,thelocalgovernmenttoattractinvestment,loans,taxpreferentialpoliciestodevelop,optimizeinvestmentenvironment,promoteinvestmentdiversification.Meanwhile,thelocalgovernment'sbudgetmustbeconscioustilttothetourismindustry,andgraduallyincreasethecapitalinvestmentinthetourismindustry.Thetourismindustryitselfmustplayaninitiativetomobilizetheenthusiasmofallsides,asmuchaspossibleforforeigncapital,privatecapitalandoverseasChinese,etc.,andmobilizeandguidethesocietytoruntourism.Inshort,toenhancethecompetitivenessoftheregionaltourismindustryhasbecomeatopprioritythroughoutthedevelopmentoftourism,alllocalitiesshouldmakefulluseoftheiradvantageinresources,basedonprimaryproductionintheelementsofcompetitiveness,basedoneffortstobuildtalent,innovationandbrand-basedlong-term,effectivecompetence,throughtheenhancementofregionalcompetitivenesstopromoteourtourismindustryintheinternationalmarketcompetitiveness.Author：Frank,GregoryRobertWesNationality：EnglandSource：Britishtourismresearchinstitute譯文：加強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力戰(zhàn)略摘要：旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展離不開(kāi)旅游資源的存在和旅游者活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展，但是旅游資源的地域特征和旅游者活動(dòng)的空間轉(zhuǎn)移特點(diǎn)，決定了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展必然要與相應(yīng)的地理結(jié)構(gòu)聯(lián)系，呈現(xiàn)出一定的區(qū)域特點(diǎn)，這也決定了區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)存在的必然性和必要性。因此，提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的策略研究，已成為各地區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。關(guān)鍵詞區(qū)域旅游業(yè)；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力；影響；策略前言近些年來(lái)，隨著世界各地爭(zhēng)相將旅游業(yè)作為地方支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)來(lái)發(fā)展，區(qū)域之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也更加的明顯和深入。如何立足自身實(shí)際，打造競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，已經(jīng)成為各區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急，也是在新一輪旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取勝的關(guān)鍵。對(duì)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行研究可以增強(qiáng)區(qū)域競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的緊迫感，促使各區(qū)域發(fā)現(xiàn)和了解自己在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的優(yōu)勢(shì)和不足，進(jìn)而快速反應(yīng)，積極應(yīng)對(duì)，通過(guò)局部競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的加強(qiáng)擴(kuò)大到我國(guó)旅游業(yè)在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的提升。一、區(qū)域旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的研究因素所謂區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力是指各旅游區(qū)域作為一個(gè)整體，在自身發(fā)展過(guò)程中所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的爭(zhēng)奪客源，開(kāi)拓、占領(lǐng)旅游市場(chǎng)并獲取產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展要素和增長(zhǎng)潛質(zhì)的能力。區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力不是指某一方面的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，而是由眾多影響因素共同作用的結(jié)果，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)從競(jìng)爭(zhēng)潛力到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)力、再到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)結(jié)果的動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展過(guò)程。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力一經(jīng)提出,便引起了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。其中研究成果最為突出的是美國(guó)哈佛大學(xué)教授，著名的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)策略研究專(zhuān)家波特，他的“國(guó)家菱圖”模型為產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的研究提供了一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)范式。二、提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的策略選擇產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力階段理論是波特關(guān)于產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的又一重要貢獻(xiàn)，依據(jù)這一理論，區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的形成要經(jīng)歷四個(gè)階段，即要素驅(qū)動(dòng)階段、投資驅(qū)動(dòng)階段、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)階段和財(cái)富驅(qū)動(dòng)階段。前兩個(gè)階段的特點(diǎn)是:在要素驅(qū)動(dòng)階段，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的形成來(lái)源于區(qū)域內(nèi)豐富的資源，要求區(qū)域通過(guò)資源整合，發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢(shì)資源，進(jìn)而將資源優(yōu)勢(shì)發(fā)展成競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。投資驅(qū)動(dòng)階段競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的形成得益于區(qū)域內(nèi)政府和企業(yè)的投資意愿和能力以及高級(jí)生產(chǎn)要素的發(fā)展。對(duì)于我國(guó)大部分地區(qū)來(lái)說(shuō)，其旅游資源豐富,且據(jù)有不同程度的資源優(yōu)勢(shì)，據(jù)此，具體的策略選擇如下:（一）區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃策略規(guī)劃對(duì)于一個(gè)地區(qū)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，是決定區(qū)域旅游業(yè)未來(lái)發(fā)展方向和目標(biāo)的全局性綱領(lǐng)。區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃作為區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物，是以提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)