智能車輛中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)

中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)(文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯)原文：Intelligentvehicleisauseofcomputer,sensor,information,communication,navigation,artificialintelligenceandautomaticcontroltechnologytorealizetheenvironmentawareness,planningdecisionandautomaticdriveofhighandnewtechnology.Itinaspectssuchasmilitary,civilandscientificresearchhasreceivedapplication,tosolvethetrafficsafetyprovidesanewway.Withtherapiddevelopmentofautomobileindustry,theresearchaboutthecarisbecomingmoreandmoreattentionbypeople.Contestofnationalcompetitionandtheprovinceofelectronicintelligentcaralmosteverytimethisaspectofthetopic,thenationalvariousuniversitiesarealsoattachesgreatimportancetoresearchonthetopic,manycountrieshaveputtheelectronicdesigncompetitionasastrategicmeansofinnovativeeducation.Electronicdesigninvolvingmultipledisciplines,machineryandelectronics,sensortechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,artificialintelligentcontrol,computerandcommunicationtechnology,etc.,isahigh-techinthefieldofmany.Electronicdesigntechnology,itisanationalhigh-techinstanceisoneofthemostimportantstandard,itsresearchsignificanceisgreatThedesignthoughjustademomodel,butisfullofscientificandpractical.Firstweaccordingtothecomplexsituationofroadtraffic,inaccordancewiththeappropriateauthortomakearoadmodel,includingbend,straightandpavementsetobstacles,etc.Oncurvedandstraight,thecaralongtheorbitfreeexercise,whenthesmallcarmeetobstacles,pulsemodulationinfraredsensorstodetectthesignalsenttothemicrocontroller,acorrespondingcontrolsignalaccordingtotheprogramMCUcontrolcarsautomaticallyavoidobstacles,tocarryontheback,forward,turnleft,turnrightSubjectpartsIntelligentvehicleisaconcentrationofenvironmentawareness,planningdecision,multi-scaleauxiliarydriving,andotherfunctionsinanintegratedsystem,isanimportantpartofintelligenttransportationsystem.Inmilitary,civilian,spaceexplorationandotherfieldshasabroadapplicationprospect.Thedesignofsmartcarcontrolsystemarestudied,basedonpathplanningisaprocessoftheintelligentcarcontrolsystem2.1theoryisputforwardTheprogressofscienceandtechnologyofintelligentledproducts,butalsoacceleratedthepaceofdevelopment,MCUapplicationscopeofitsapplicationisincreasinglywide,hasgonefarbeyondthefieldofcomputerscience.Smalltotoys,creditCARDS,bigtothespaceshuttle,robots,fromdataacquisition,remotecontrolandfuzzycontrol,intelligentsystemswiththehumandailylife,everywhereisdependentonthesinglechipmicrocomputer,thisdesignisatypicalapplicationofsinglechipmicrocomputer.Thisdesignbyimplementingthedriverlesscar,onthetests,bythereactionofthesinglechipmicrocomputertocontrolthecar,makeitsbecomeintelligent,automaticforward,turnandstopfunction,aftercontinuingtheperfectionofthissystemalsocanbeappliedtoroadtesting,securitypatrol,canmeettheneedsofsociety.Indesign,theuseofthesensorstodetectroadsurfacecondition,sensorcentralseaarefaintandadoptsacomparingamplifieramplification,andthesignalinputtothecontroller,thecontrolledendusingsteppermotor,becauseofthestepmotoriscontrolledelectricalpulse,aslongastheoutputfromthecontrollertosatisfysteppermotormeritsoffixedcontrolword.Inoperationofsteppingmotorandadrivingcircuit,italsotojoinadrivecircuitinthecircuit,eachfunctionmoduleisdifferenttotherequirementofpowersupplycurrent,thepowersupplypartsetupconversioncircuit,soastomeettheneedsofthevariousparts.Aftercomparisonchoiceelement,designthecircuitprinciplediagramandthecircuitboard,anddothedebuggingofhardware,systemsoftwareandhardwareisoftenthecombinationoforganicwhole.Software,ontheuseofthe51single-chiptimerinterrupttocontrolpavementtestintervalandthecarmovementandspeed.Duetotakethatroadissimple,itisusingmoretraditionalassemblylanguageforprogramming.Forthecorrectnessoftheprogramdesign,usingacommonlyusedkeilc51simulationsoftwaresimulationvalidation,thelastisintegrateddebuggingofsoftwareandhardware,andprovethecorrectnessandfeasibilityofthedesignscheme.2.2electronicintelligentcardesignrequirements(1)electricvehiclescanbeabletoaccordingtothecoursetorunalltheway;(2)electricvehiclescanstoreanddisplaythenumberofdetectedmetalandsheetmetaltothestartinglineinthedistance;(3)areaccuratelyelectriccarsafterexercisingallthewaytothedisplayoftheelectricvehicletheentireexercisetime;(4)electriccarscan'tcollisionswithobstaclesintheprocessofexercise.2.3thegeneralconceptionofcomputernetworkteachingwebsiteUsing89c51asthecar'scontrolunit,sensoreight-wayfromoutside,inthefrontofthecar,asablackbeltintheprocessofthecarintothegaragedetectingelement,attherearendofthecarwhenconnectedtoeight-channelinfraredsensorsasthecarpulledoutofthegarageofablackbeltindetectingelement,theLJ18A3-8-Z/BXinductiveproximityswitchasgarageirondetectingelement,themicrocontrollerafterreceivingsensordetectsthesignalthroughthecorrespondingprocedurestocontrolthecarforward,backward,turn,sothatthecar'sperformanceindicatorsmeettherequirementsofthedesign.Intelligentcarisabranchofintelligentvehicleresearch.Itwiththewheelasmobilemechanism,torealizetheautonomousdriving,sowecallitthesmartcar.Smartcarwiththebasiccharacteristicsoftherobot,easytoprogramming.Itwithremotecontrolcarthedifferenceisthatthelatterrequirestheoperatortocontrolthesteering,start-stopandinamoreadvancedremotecontrolcarcanalsocontrolthespeed(commonmodelcarbelongtothistypeofremotecontrolcar);ThesmartcarIstobeimplementedbycomputerprogrammingforthecarstop,drivingdirectionandspeedcontrol,withouthumanintervention.Operatorthesmartcarcanbechangedbyacomputerprogramorsomedatatochangeitsdrivetype.Thischangecanbecontrolledthroughprogramming,thecharacteristicsofthecardrivingwayisthebiggestcharacteristicofsmartcar.Thecontrolsystemofsmartcarresearchpurposeistomakethecardrivingwithhigherautonomy.Ifanygivencarapath,throughthesystem,thecarcangetsystemforpathafterimageprocessingofdatamovingandAngle(a),andcanbescheduledpath,accordingtothedisplacementandAngleinformation.ThecontrolsystemstructureanalysisAccordingtotheabovedesignidea,thestructureoftheintelligentcarcontrolsystemcanbedividedintotwolayers1,theplanninglayerPCcontrolsystem,theplanninglayerprovidestheinformationofthewholecardriving,includingpathprocessingmoduleandcommunicationmodule.Ithastosolvethebasicproblem(1)usingwhattoolstodealwiththecarpathgraph;(2)thecarmovementmodelisestablished,thedatatocalculatethecardriving;(3)setupthecar'smotionmodel,thedatatocalculatethecardriving;Layer2,behaviorLowermachinecontrolsystem,thebehavioristheunderlyingstructureofasmartcarcontrolsystem,realizethereal-timecontrolofthecardriving,itincludescommunicationmodule,motorcontrolmoduleanddataacquisitionmodule.Ittosolvethebasicproblemsare:(1)receiving,processing,PCsendsdatainformation;(2)thedesignofsteppingmotorcontrolsystem;(3)informationcollectionandthedisplacementandAngleofthecar,carpositioningposture,analysissystemcontrolerror;ThetotaldesignschemeSmartcarcontrolsystemareobtainedbysystemstructure,orderprocess:(1)startAutoCAD,createorselectaclosedcurveasthecartpath,pickupthecarstarting$pathgraph(2)tochoosethepathofthegraphicsprocessing,makethecarturningexistoutsidetheminimumturningradiusofedgesandcornerswithcirculararctransition(3)togenerateanewpathtosimulatethemotionprocessofcar;(4)tocalculatethedisplacementofthecardrivingneedandwheelAngle,andthensendsthedatatothemachine(5)underthemachineafterreceivingdata,throughsoftwareprogrammingcontroltherotationspeedandAngleofthecarwheelsandmakeitaccordingtothepredeterminedpathAcompletecontrolsystemrequirementscloselylinkedtoeachfunctionmoduleinthesystem,accordingtotheorderprocessandtherelationshipbetweenthem,thetotaldesignschemeofthesystemisavailable.DesignofbasicallyhasthefollowingseveralmodulesPart1,theinformationacquisitionmodule,datacollectioniscomposedofphotoelectricdetectionandoperationamplifiermodule,photoelectricdetectionweretracingtestandspeedtestoftwoparts.Todetectthesignalafterbudgetamplifiermodulelm324amplifierplastictosinglechip,itscorepartisseveralphotoelectricsensor.2,controlprocessingmodule:controlprocessingmoduleisastc89c52MCUasthecore,themicrocontrollerwillbecollectedfromtheinformationafterthejudgement,inaccordancewithapredeterminedalgorithmprocessing,andthehandlingresultstothemotordriveandaliquidcrystaldisplaymodule,makesthecorrespondingaction.3,performmodule:executablemoduleconsistsofliquidcrystaldisplay(LCD),motordriveandmotor,buzzerofthreeparts.LCDismainlybasedontheresultsofsinglechipreal-timedisplay,convenientandtimelyusersunderstandthecurrentstateofthesystem,motordriverbasedonsinglechipmicrocomputerinstructionfortwomotormovements,canaccordingtoneedtomakethecorrespondingacceleration,deceleration,turning,parkingandothermovements,inordertoachievethedesiredpurpose.Buzzerismainlyaccordingtotherequirementsinaparticularpositiontomakearesponsetothereport.譯文一、引言智能車輛是一個(gè)運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)、傳感、信息、通信、導(dǎo)航、人工智能及自動(dòng)控制等技術(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境感知、規(guī)劃決策和自動(dòng)行駛為一體的高新技術(shù)綜合體。它在軍事、民用和科學(xué)研究等方面已獲得了應(yīng)用，對(duì)解決道路交通安全提供了一種新的途徑隨著汽車工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，關(guān)于汽車的研究也就越來(lái)越受人關(guān)注。全國(guó)電子大賽和省內(nèi)電子大賽幾乎每次都有智能小車這方面的題目，全國(guó)各高校也都很重視該題目的研究，許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)把電子設(shè)計(jì)比賽作為創(chuàng)新教育的戰(zhàn)略性手段。電子設(shè)計(jì)涉及到多個(gè)學(xué)科，機(jī)械電子、傳感器技術(shù)、自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)、人工智能控制、計(jì)算機(jī)與通信技術(shù)等等，是眾多領(lǐng)域的高科技。電子設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)，它是一個(gè)國(guó)家高科技實(shí)例的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可見(jiàn)其研究意義很大。本次設(shè)計(jì)雖然只是一個(gè)演示模型，但是具有充分的科學(xué)性和實(shí)用性。首先我們根據(jù)交通路面的復(fù)雜情況，按照適當(dāng)?shù)谋壤谱鞒鲆粋€(gè)路況模型，包括彎道、直道以及路面上設(shè)置的障礙物等。在彎、直道上，小車沿著預(yù)定軌道自由行使，當(dāng)小車遇到障礙物時(shí)，脈沖調(diào)制的紅外線傳感器將檢測(cè)到的信號(hào)發(fā)送給單片機(jī)，單片機(jī)根據(jù)程序發(fā)出相應(yīng)的控制信號(hào)控制小車自動(dòng)避開(kāi)障礙物，進(jìn)行倒車、前進(jìn)、左轉(zhuǎn)、右轉(zhuǎn)等動(dòng)作。二、主題部分智能車輛是集環(huán)境感知、規(guī)劃決策、多等級(jí)輔助駕駛等功能于一體的綜合系統(tǒng)，是智能交通系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分。它在軍事、民用、太空開(kāi)發(fā)等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。本次設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)智能小車的控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了研究，設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)基于路徑規(guī)劃處理的智能小車控制系統(tǒng)2.1理論的提出科技的進(jìn)步帶動(dòng)了產(chǎn)品的智能化，單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用更是加快了發(fā)展的步伐，它的應(yīng)用范圍日益廣泛，已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的超出了計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。小到玩具、信用卡，大到航天飛機(jī)、機(jī)器人，從實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集、遠(yuǎn)程控制、模糊控制等智能系統(tǒng)帶人類的日常生活，到處離不開(kāi)單片機(jī)，此設(shè)計(jì)正是單片機(jī)的一個(gè)典型的應(yīng)用。此設(shè)計(jì)通過(guò)實(shí)現(xiàn)了小車的無(wú)人駕駛，通過(guò)對(duì)路面的檢測(cè)，由單片機(jī)來(lái)判斷控制其小車的反應(yīng)情況，使其變得智能化，實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)的前進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)彎，停止功能，此系統(tǒng)還不斷的完善后可以應(yīng)用到道路檢測(cè)，安全巡邏中，能滿足社會(huì)的需求。在設(shè)計(jì)上，使用連個(gè)傳感器來(lái)檢測(cè)路面的情況，傳感器的心海比較微弱，采用一個(gè)放大器進(jìn)行比較放大，并將其信號(hào)輸入到控制器，在受控制端使用步進(jìn)電機(jī)，因?yàn)椴竭M(jìn)電機(jī)是用電脈沖進(jìn)行控制的，只要從控制器輸出滿足步進(jìn)電機(jī)功過(guò)的固定控制字即可。此外步進(jìn)電機(jī)的運(yùn)作還要一個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路，故電路中還要加入一個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路，各個(gè)功能模塊對(duì)電源電流的要求不同，對(duì)電源部分設(shè)置轉(zhuǎn)換電路，從而滿足各個(gè)部分的需要。經(jīng)過(guò)元件的比較選擇，設(shè)計(jì)出電路原理圖和電路板，并做好硬件的調(diào)試，系統(tǒng)往往是軟件和硬件兩者相結(jié)合的有機(jī)整體。軟件上，使用51單片機(jī)的定時(shí)器中斷來(lái)控制路面檢測(cè)間隔和小車的運(yùn)動(dòng)及速度。由于帶那路比較簡(jiǎn)單，就采用較為傳統(tǒng)的匯編語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行程序設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)于程序設(shè)計(jì)的正確性，用較常用的keilc51仿真軟件進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證，最后便是軟硬件的綜合調(diào)試，證明本設(shè)計(jì)方案的正確性和可行性。2.2電子智能小車的設(shè)計(jì)要求①電動(dòng)車能夠能夠按照行使路線跑完全程；②電動(dòng)車能存儲(chǔ)并顯示檢測(cè)到的金屬片數(shù)目以及金屬片至起跑線的距離；③要求電動(dòng)車行使完全程后能夠準(zhǔn)確的顯示電動(dòng)車全程行使時(shí)間；④電動(dòng)車在行使過(guò)程中不能與障礙物碰撞。2.3計(jì)算摘要：本次設(shè)計(jì)的智能循跡小車是以單片機(jī)89c51為主控制器。運(yùn)用反射式紅外傳感器來(lái)進(jìn)行路徑檢測(cè)和速度監(jiān)測(cè)模塊。將檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)傳回單片機(jī)進(jìn)行處理，同時(shí)，用單片機(jī)產(chǎn)生PWM波來(lái)控制小車的行進(jìn)速度，并實(shí)時(shí)控制小車的行進(jìn)狀態(tài)。另外，在小車上還擴(kuò)展了LCD作為人機(jī)交互界面，以便于實(shí)時(shí)了解小車個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)傳感器的狀態(tài)機(jī)小車的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，由于本次設(shè)計(jì)的是智能自動(dòng)循跡小車，整個(gè)任務(wù)過(guò)程無(wú)需人工的任何干預(yù)，故而沒(méi)有進(jìn)行鍵盤(pán)及遙控等的人工操作設(shè)備。用多路傳感器的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)和算法的緊密