【英語】重慶市烏江新高考協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末試題（解析版）

成就未來，新教育伴你成長聯(lián)系電話：400-186-9786重慶市烏江新高考協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemanbuyforhisfather?A.Ahat.B.Acard.C.Ashirt.2.HowwillTomknowiftheschooliscanceled?A.Byaskinghismother.B.Bywatchingthesnow.C.BycheckingtheTVnews.3.Wherewasthemanborn?A.InAmerica.B.InEngland.C.InCanada.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Annamaynothavetime.B.Annaisatherbrother’shouse.C.Annashouldinvitehimtodinner.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemusicfestivalthisyear?A.It’stoofaraway.B.It’stooexpensive.C.It’stoocrowded.第二節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6至第7兩個小題。6.HowmanyfiftiesdidFredstartwith?A.Two.B.Five.C.Ten.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inamathclass.C.Inagrocerystore.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10三個小題。8.Whoinvitedthewomantotheparty?A.Michael.B.Michael’ssister.C.Michael’sbrother.9.WhatisthemangoingtogetforMichael?A.AnewCDplayer.B.Somerecords.C.Severalbaseballcards.10.Whycan’tthewomandecidewhattogetforMichael?A.Sheforgetswhathelikes.B.Sheonlyhasalittlemoney.C.Shedoesn’tknowhimwell.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13三個小題。11.WhatwillJudydothisafternoon?A.SendPeterabrochure.B.Designsomemodels.C.Attendameeting.12.WhydoesPetermakethephonecall?A.Toordersomemachines.B.Toaskforcoloredpictures.C.Tochangethedeliverytime.13.Whenwillthespeakerssigntheagreement?A.Thisevening.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Atnoontomorrow.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第17四個小題。14.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman’swife.B.Theman’sdoctor.C.Theman’spersonaltrainer.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Joinabasketballteam.B.Organizeasportsteam.C.Teachhighschoolsports.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodofirst?A.Stopeatingicecream.B.Haveamedicalexamination.C.Eatmorefruitandvegetables.17.Whydoesthewomansuggestthemanexercisemore?A.Toloseweight.B.Topreventaheartattack.C.Tostrengthenhismuscles.聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.Howdidtheoldwoman’scookiesbecomefamous?A.Shestartedagoodcookiebusiness.B.Shegavethemtochildrenforfree.C.Shebakedtheminaspecialkitchen.19.Whydidthechildrenhelptheoldwomanatfirst?A.Theoldwomanwastoobusy.B.Theirparentswantedthemtodoso.C.Theywantedtogetsomeexperience.20.Whatdidthechildrendowhentheoldwomangotsick?A.Theycookedfoodforher.B.Theytookturnslookingafterher.C.Theysoldcookiestopaythedoctor.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAtthisselectionoffivemuseums,moreFrenchwillbeheardandvisitorsmightfeelasenseofsatisfactionwhenknowingtheyhavearrivedataplacethatnativeParisiansalsoenjoywhengoingonatrip.MuseumofNaturalHistoryBeingamust-seespotinthemuseumatpresent,theGrandGalleryofEvolutiondatesbacktothe1880s.Originallyplayingasazoologybuilding,itreopenedtothepublicin1994afterdecadesofignorance.Theentiremuseumdisplaysmorethan9,000preservedanimalsandinsects.MuseumofMusicThemuseum’scollectioncoverscenturiesofEuropeanclassicalmusicandinstruments,withdecoratedpianosandhundredsofhornsandstringinstruments.Liveperformancestakeplaceinthegalleriesofthemuseumeveryday.ThemuseumprovidestwoversionsofitsEnglish-languageaudioguide,oneforchildrenandtheotherforadults.FairgroundArtMuseumAtthismuseum,guidesdescribethehistoryofEurope’stravelingfairsandexplainsignsthatidentifytheoriginofthecountrywithacarouselhorse.Reserveyourticketsinadvanceonthemuseum’swebsite.ToursinFrenchareofferedseveraldaysaweekallyearround,andEnglish-languagetoursareofferedinthesummermonths.MuseumofArtsandCraftsItwasfoundedduringtheFrenchRevolutiontoshowitsadvancedscienceandtechnologiesandhassincereceivedconstantupdates.Earlyplanes,includingthefirsttocrosstheEnglishChannel,hangfromtheceilingofonebuilding.Thecollectionhasahugerange,withantiquecars,earlyenginesandelements(元素)usedintheconstructionoftheStatueofLiberty.MuseumofMagicEachvisittothismuseumbeginswithashortperformanceofsimpletricks,followedbyaguidedtourofthemagictoolsandobjectsondisplayinthose16th-centurybasements.ThistourcurrentlytakesplaceinFrench,soEnglish-speakingvisitorsmaywanttoexploreontheirownwiththehelpofEnglish-languageguidebooksavailableattheentrance.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheGrandGalleryofEvolution?A.Itwasonceinaccessibletothepublic.B.Itwasfirstbuiltaround30yearsago.C.Itstudiesallkindsofwildlifeinnature.D.Itshowsseveralthousandplantspecies.2.WhatsuggestionisgiventovisitorstotheFairgroundArtMuseum?A.Chooseaproperguideforyourtravel.B.LearnsomeFrenchbeforeyourtravel.C.KnowthehistoryofFranceinadvance.D.Bookticketsbeforehandatpropertime.3.WhatcanweinferabouttheMuseumofArtsandCrafts?A.Itkeepsmanyoldcollections.B.Itstillkeepsitsoriginallook.C.ItonlyprovidesFrench-speakingguides.D.It’samuseumaboutmagictoolsandobjects.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了五個精選的博物館，介紹了其相關(guān)的信息。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“MuseumofNaturalHistory”部分中的“Beingamust-seespotinthemuseumatpresent,theGrandGalleryofEvolutiondatesbacktothe1880s.Originallyplayingasazoologybuilding,itreopenedtothepublicin1994afterdecadesofignorance.(進化大畫廊的歷史可以追溯到19世紀(jì)80年代，是目前博物館必看的景點。它最初是作為一個動物學(xué)建筑，它在被忽視了幾十年后于1994年重新向公眾開放。)”可知，進化大畫廊曾經(jīng)不對外開放，1994年才重新向公眾開放。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“FairgroundArtMuseum”部分中的“Reserveyourticketsinadvanceonthemuseum’swebsite.(在博物館的網(wǎng)站上提前訂票。)”可知，參觀露天藝術(shù)博物館的游客要在博物館的網(wǎng)站上提前訂票。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“MuseumofArtsandCrafts”部分中的“Earlyplanes,includingthefirsttocrosstheEnglishChannel,hangfromtheceilingofonebuilding.Thecollectionhasahugerange,withantiquecars,earlyenginesandelements(元素)usedintheconstructionoftheStatueofLiberty.(早期的飛機，包括第一架跨越英吉利海峽的飛機，都懸掛在一座建筑的天花板上。藏品種類繁多，有古董汽車、早期發(fā)動機和建造自由女神像所用的元素。)”可知，工藝美術(shù)博物館中收藏了很多古老的藏品。故選A。BMygeneration--peoplebornafter1990--areaccustomedto“all-in-platform”life,whereweusemobileappsofdifferentplatformstodoalmosteverythinginlife.Forinstance,IorderedacupofcoffeeonMondayusinganonlinedeliveryapp.Then,Icalledataxibytappingontheappofaride-bookingservice.Next,IboughtsomenecessitiesonshoppingplatformTaobao.Thatdone,Imovedontovariousotheronlinedestinationstogetmydailyfixofmusic,reading,socialnetworkingandsoforth.Platformsnowplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinalmostallaspectsofday-to-daylife,notjustineconomicandpoliticalprocesses.Consumptionandsocialinteractionarecloselylinkedtoplatformsnow.But,Ibegantogetconfusedrecently.IthoughtIwasbeingtreateddifferently.MyfriendandIcalledataxiatthesametimeonaride-hailingplatform(打車平臺)andfoundthatforthesamedestination,thepricesweredifferent.Thepriceindicatedonmyphonewashigher.OneofthepotentialreasonscouldhavebeenthatIregularlyusetheride-hailingplatformandhaveahigherrankingwhilemyfrienddoesn’tuseitthatoften.So,theride-hailingplatformoffersdiscountstonewbieslikeher,toattractandhavesuchcustomers.China’slatesteffortsinregulatingmonopolistic(壟斷的)orimpropermarketbehaviorareofgreatsignificanceinprotectingconsumers’lawfulrights.“Theessenceofplatform-basedmonopoly(壟斷)isthatalargenumberofusersaregatheredononlyaselectfewplatformcompanies,leadingtounevendatagatheringdifferentplatforms.ButinChinasomeplatformsusetheirowndataandtraffic(流量)toexpandcapitalinadisorderlyway,”saidWangYong,deputydirectoroftheInstituteofEconomicsatTinghuaUniversity.Datamonopolyalsobroughtanotherinconvenienceforconsumers--platformsblocklinkstoeachother.Forinstance,linktoWeChatPayofTencentisnotavailableonAlibuba’sTaobaowhilethereisnoAlipaylinkonJDapp’spaymentoptions.“Moreeffortsshouldalsobemadetostrikeagoodbalancebetweenpersonalinformationprotectionandinterconnectionbetweenplatforms.Companiesarebeingencouragedtofurtherdevelopdatasafetytechnologysothatthedataareavailablebutnotvisible.”4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingPara.2?A.Tooffersometipsonusingappsonmobilephone.B.Tosharehisexperiencewithmobileapps.C.Tofurtherexplainwhatis“all-in-platform”life.D.Tohelpreadersfamiliarizethemselveswithmobileapps.5.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Theauthorencounteredsocalled“bigdatapricediscrimination”.B.Theauthorandhisfriendweretreateddifferentlybytaxidrivers.C.Duetotheauthor’shigherranking,theplatformofferedhimacheaperprice.D.Theride-hailingplatformoffersdiscountstoregularcustomers.6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdatamonopoly?A.Sympathetic. B.Approving. C.Critical. D.Grateful.7.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A.Datamonopoliesandtheinconveniencetheybringtomobileapplife.B.Mobileappshavegreatlychangedourlives.C.Howtoprotectpersonalinformationonmobileapps.D.Platformshaveimpactedeveryaspectofourdailylives.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了數(shù)據(jù)壟斷及其給移動應(yīng)用生活帶來的不便?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Mygeneration—peoplebornafter1990—areaccustomedto‘a(chǎn)ll-in-platform’life,whereweusemobileappsofdifferentplatformstodoalmosteverythinginlife.(我們這代人——90后——已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了‘全平臺’的生活，我們使用不同平臺的移動應(yīng)用程序來做生活中的幾乎所有事情)”和第二段內(nèi)容“Forinstance,IorderedacupofcoffeeonMondayusinganonlinedeliveryapp.Then,Icalledataxibytappingontheappofaride-bookingservice.Next,IboughtsomenecessitiesonshoppingplatformTaobao.Thatdone,Imovedontovariousotheronlinedestinationstogetmydailyfixofmusic,reading,socialnetworkingandsoforth.(例如，我在周一用在線快遞應(yīng)用訂購了一杯咖啡。接下來，我在購物平臺淘寶上買了一些生活必需品。做完這些之后，我轉(zhuǎn)向其他各種各樣的在線目的地，以獲得我每天需要的音樂、閱讀、社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)等等)”可推知，作者寫第2段的目的是為了進一步解釋什么是“全平臺”生活。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“IthoughtIwasbeingtreateddifferently.MyfriendandIcalledataxiatthesametimeonaride-hailingplatform(打車平臺)andfoundthatforthesamedestination,thepricesweredifferent.(我認(rèn)為我被區(qū)別對待了。我和朋友在一個叫車平臺上同時叫了一輛出租車，發(fā)現(xiàn)同一個目的地的價格是不同的)”可知，到同一目的地，作者的顯示的價格比朋友高，作者被區(qū)別對待，這說明作者遇到了所謂的“大數(shù)據(jù)價格歧視”。故選A項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“China’slatesteffortsinregulatingmonopolisticorimpropermarketbehaviorareofgreatsignificanceinprotectingconsumers'lawfulrights.(中國對壟斷和不正當(dāng)市場行為的規(guī)制，對保護消費者合法權(quán)益具有重要意義)”以及第七段中“Datamonopolyalsobroughtanotherinconvenienceforcomumers—platformsblocklinkstoeachother.(數(shù)據(jù)壟斷還給消費者帶來了另一個不便——平臺之間會屏蔽鏈接)”可知，作者認(rèn)為數(shù)據(jù)壟斷給消費者帶來了不便，這種行為需要規(guī)制，由此可推知，作者對數(shù)據(jù)壟斷持有批判的態(tài)度。故選C項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“MyfriendandIcalledataxiatthesametimeonaride-hailingplatform(打車平臺)andfoundthatforthesamedestination,thepricesweredifferent.Thepriceindicatedonmyphonewashigher.(我和我的朋友同時叫了一輛出租車平臺上，發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣的目的地，價格是不同的。我手機上顯示的價格更高)”，第六段中“Theessenceofplatform-basedmonopoly(壟斷)isthatalargenumberofusersaregatheredononlyaselectfewplatformcompanies,leadingtounevendatagatheringdifferentplatforms.(平臺壟斷的本質(zhì)是將大量的用戶集中在少數(shù)幾個平臺公司，導(dǎo)致不同平臺收集的數(shù)據(jù)不均衡)”和第七段中“Datamonopolyalsobroughtanotherinconvenienceforcomumers—platformsblocklinkstoeachother.(數(shù)據(jù)壟斷還給消費者帶來了另一個不便——平臺之間會屏蔽鏈接)”可知，本文主要介紹了數(shù)據(jù)壟斷及其給移動應(yīng)用生活帶來的不便。故選A項。CPeoplewhohavetroublewalkingormovingaroundoftenhaveahardtimeenjoyingthebeach.ButhundredsofbeachesinGreecenowofferanewwayforpeopleinwheelchairstogetintothewaterbythemselves.It’scalledSeatrac.Seatracisbasicallyachaironamovingramp(坡道)thatcancarryadisabledpersonintothesea.Itisoperatedbyremote(遠程的)control.Onceinthesea,thepersoncaneitherremaininthechair,enjoyingthewater,orgoforaswim.Whenthepersonisreadytogetoutofthewater,theSeatracsystembringsthechairbacktothetoptheramp.SeatracwasinventedanddevelopedinGreece.Whenoneoftheinventors,IgnatiosFotiou,wastalkingwithafriendwhousedawheelchair,thefriendsaidheenjoyedthesea,butdidn’tlikehavingtobecarriedintotheocean.MrFotiourealizedtheremustbeawaytomakeiteasierforwheelchairuserstogetintothewater.MrFotiouworkedwithhispartnerandaprofessorataGreekuniversitytodesignthesystem.Finnally,theyformedacompanycalledTOBEAtobuildandsellthesystems.Thecompanyworkedhardtomakethesystemsimpleenoughtobeputinplaceandeasytorun.AwoodenwalkwayallowswheerchairuserstoreachtheSeatrac.Thesystemusessolar(太陽能的)power.Itdoesn’trequireoutsidepower,andcancontinuetoruneveniftheelectricitygoesout.TheSeatracsystemcaneasilybepackedupandstoredwhentheswimmingseasonends.TheSeatracsystemisbeingusedatover220beachesinGreece,Cypris,Italy,andLatvia.TOBEAhopestoofferSeatracinothercountries.TOBEAhascreatedawebsiteshowingwherebeacheswiththesespecialservicescanbefound.TheGreekgovenmenthopesthatSeatracwillhelpattractmoretouriststothecountry.8.WhatisSeatracabletodo?A.Watchoutofthedisabledinthesea.B.Choosethesuitablebeachforthedisabled.C.Helpthedisabledgetinandoutoftheseasafely.D.Enablethedisabledtomovearoundthebeachfreely.9.WhatmadeMrFotioudecidetodevelopSeatrac?A.Hispartner’sadvice. B.Hisloveforthesea.C.hiswishtostartacompany. D.Thedifficultyhisfriendfaced.10.WhatdoestheauthormentionabouttheSeatracsystem?A.Itisbecomingmorepopular. B.Itshouldbewellprotected.C.Itneedstobefullyintroducedtothepublic. D.Itisenvironmentallyfriendlyandconvenient.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.ExpectationsforSeatrac. B.ThepracticalapplicationofSeatrac.C.ThepopularityofSeatrac. D.SpecialservicesSeatracprovides.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了希臘發(fā)明的一種名為Seatrac的系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)能夠幫助使用輪椅的人士更輕松地進入海水中享受游泳。文章介紹了Seatrac系統(tǒng)的原理和功能，系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用范圍和優(yōu)勢?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Seatracisbasicallyachaironamovingramp(坡道)thatcancarryadisabledpersonintothesea.(Seatrac基本上是一個移動坡道上的椅子，可以把殘疾人帶到海里)”可知，Seatrac系統(tǒng)能幫助殘疾人安全進出大海。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenoneoftheinventors,IgnatiosFotiou,wastalkingwithafriendwhousedawheelchair,thefriendsaidheenjoyedthesea,butdidn’tlikehavingtobecarriedintotheocean.MrFotiourealizedtheremustbeawaytomakeiteasierforwheelchairuserstogetintothewater.(其中一位發(fā)明者IgnatiosFotiou在和一位坐輪椅的朋友聊天時，這位朋友說他喜歡大海，但不喜歡被人抬進海里。福蒂歐意識到，一定有一種方法能讓輪椅使用者更容易下水)”可知，朋友遇到的困難讓Fotiou產(chǎn)生了發(fā)明Seatrac的想法。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thecompanyworkedhardtomakethesystemsimpleenoughtobeputinplaceandeasytorun.AwoodenwalkwayallowswheerchairuserstoreachtheSeatrac.Thesystemusessolar(太陽能的)power.Itdoesn’trequireoutsidepower,andcancontinuetoruneveniftheelectricitygoesout.TheSeatracsystemcaneasilybepackedupandstoredwhentheswimmingseasonends.(該公司努力使該系統(tǒng)簡單到位，易于運行。木制走道允許輪椅使用者到達Seatrac。該系統(tǒng)使用太陽能發(fā)電。它不需要外部電源，即使停電也能繼續(xù)運行。當(dāng)游泳季節(jié)結(jié)束時，Seatrac系統(tǒng)可以很容易地打包并儲存起來)”可推知，Seatrac系統(tǒng)既環(huán)保又方便。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheSeatracsystemisbeingusedatover220beachesinGreece,Cypris,Italy,andLatvia.TOBEAhopestoofferSeatracinothercountries.TOBEAhascreatedawebsiteshowingwherebeacheswiththesespecialservicescanbefound.TheGreekgovenmenthopesthatSeatracwillhelpattractmoretouriststothecountry.(Seatrac系統(tǒng)正在希臘、塞浦路斯、意大利和拉脫維亞的220多個海灘上使用。TOBEA希望在其他國家提供Seatrac服務(wù)。TOBEA創(chuàng)建了一個網(wǎng)站，展示了提供這些特殊服務(wù)的海灘。希臘政府希望Seatrac能幫助吸引更多的游客)”可知，最后一段主要講了對Seatrac的期望。故選A。DAtomicshapesaresosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownanyfurther.Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyet-unknownatomicshapes.TomCoatesatImperialCollegeLondonandhiscolleaguesareworkingtoclassifyatomicshapesknownasFanovarieties’whicharesosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownintosmallercomponents.Justaschemistsarrangedelementsintheperiodictablebytheiratomicweightandgrouptorevealnewinsights,theresearchershopethatorganizingtheseatomicshapesbytheirvariouspropertieswillhelpinunderstandingthem.Theteamhasgiveneachatomicshapeasequenceofnumbersbasedonitsfeaturessuchasthenumberofholesithasortheextenttowhichitbendsarounditself.Thisactsasabarcode(條形碼)toidentifyit.CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withanaccuracyof98percent.TheteammemberAlexanderKasprzykattheUniversityofNottingham,UK,saysthattheAIhaslettheteamorganizeatomicshapesinawaythatbeginstofollowtheperiodictable,sothatwhenyoureadfromlefttoright,orupanddown,thereseemtobegeneralpatternsinthegeometry(幾何)oftheshapes.GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbyAIandcreateproofsoftheseideas.“AIhasdefinitelygotunbelievableabilities.Butinthesamewaythattelescopes(望遠鏡)don’tputastronomersoutofwork,AIdoesn’tputmathematiciansoutofwork,”hesays.“Itjustgivesusnewbackingthatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach.”Theteamhopestoimprovethemodeltothepointwheremissingspacesinitsperiodictablecouldpointtotheexistenceofunknownshapes.12.Whatisthepurposeofbuildingaperiodictableofshapes?A.Togaindeeperinsightsintotheatomicshapes.B.TocreateanAItopredicttheunknownshapes.C.Tobreakdownatomicshapesintosmallerparts.D.Toarrangechemicalelementsintheperiodictable.13.Whatcanthebarcodeofeachatomicshapetellus?A.Itsholes. B.Itsbends.C.Itsatomicweight. D.Itsproperties.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“backing”inparagraph5mean?A.Design. B.Help. C.Duty. D.Threat.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.ThankstoAI’snewatomicshapeshavebeendiscovered.B.MathematiciansturntoAItocreatemoreatomicshapes.C.AIhelpsbuildarelationshipbetweenchemistryandmaths.D.AperiodictableofshapescanbebuiltwiththehelpofAI.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了原子形狀是如此簡單以至于它們不能被進一步分解。人工智能正在幫助數(shù)學(xué)家建立一個形狀的周期表?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyet-unknownatomicshapes.(數(shù)學(xué)家們正試圖求助于人工智能來構(gòu)建這些形狀的元素周期表，希望它能幫助尋找未知的原子形狀)”可知，建立形狀周期表的目的是為了更深入地了解原子的形狀。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到“CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withanaccuracyof98percent.(科茨和他的同事現(xiàn)在創(chuàng)造了一種人工智能，僅從條形碼數(shù)字就可以預(yù)測這些形狀的某些特性，準(zhǔn)確率為98%)”可知，每個原子形狀的條形碼能告訴我們它的屬性。故選D?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbyAIandcreateproofsoftheseideas(英國南安普頓大學(xué)的GrahamNib-lo強調(diào)，人類仍然需要理解人工智能提供的結(jié)果，并為這些想法提供證據(jù))”以及劃線單詞后文“thatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach(這使我們能夠探索數(shù)學(xué)景觀中遙不可及的部分)”可知，人工智能在人類探索數(shù)學(xué)景觀中能起到幫助的作用，第五段中帶下劃線的單詞的句子 Itjustgivesusnew

backing

thatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach的意思是：它只是給了我們新的支持，讓我們能夠探索數(shù)學(xué)景觀中遙不可及的部分。因此劃線單詞的意思與“幫助”接近。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了原子形狀是如此簡單以至于它們不能被進一步分解。人工智能正在幫助數(shù)學(xué)家建立一個形狀的周期表。文章第一段講到“Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyet-unknownatomicshapes.(數(shù)學(xué)家們正試圖求助于人工智能來構(gòu)建這些形狀的元素周期表，希望它能幫助尋找未知的原子形狀。)”可知，這篇文章的中心思想是：在人工智能的幫助下，可以建立形狀周期表。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.____16____Geteighthoursofsleep.“Whenyou’renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful,”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.____17____Engageinvolunteerwork.____18____ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicineshowedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.____19____Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Asvariousstudiesshow,evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewhoalreadyhaveothercardiovascular(心血管的)risks,suchashighbloodpressure.Laugh.____20____A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.A.Avoidpollutedair.B.Engageinindooractivities.C.Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactoncardiovascularhealth.D.Readthefollowingtipstomakeyourlifefilledwithhappiness.E.Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-esteemandrelievesstress.F.Itreducesstressanddepression,anditmayalsoserveasamini-workout.G.Actually,asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpact.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了一些幫助預(yù)防早發(fā)性心臟病的建議?！?6題詳解】前文“Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.(多達80%的早發(fā)性心臟病可以通過選擇特定的生活方式來預(yù)防。一些策略，如鍛煉和控制體重，是眾所周知的。但你可能沒有想到其他策略。)”講述了可以通過選擇特定的生活方式來預(yù)防大部分早發(fā)性心臟病，這些策略中有的是眾所周知的，而有的則不是。再結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，空處應(yīng)承上啟下，講述要改變?nèi)粘Ｉ罘绞?。G項“事實上，你日常生活中的一個小變化可能會產(chǎn)生巨大的影響?！狈项}意。故選G?！?7題詳解】前文“Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.(如果我們睡眠不足，我們的身體也會更難控制血壓、炎癥和血糖水平。)”講述了睡眠不足時身體的某些方面會出現(xiàn)的一些反應(yīng)，空處應(yīng)承接上文，講述這些因素對心臟產(chǎn)生的后果，C項“這些因素都會對心血管健康產(chǎn)生影響?！狈项}意，“Thesefactors”指代上文中的“bloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels”。故選C。【18題詳解】根據(jù)本段主旨句“Engageinvolunteerwork.(參與志愿者工作。)”可知，本段主要講述的是要參與志愿者工作，空格處的句子應(yīng)該說這樣做的好處。E項“為他人做好事有助于自尊并減輕壓力。”符合題意。故選E?！?9題詳解】結(jié)合上下文可知，空處是本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)后文“Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Asvariousstudiesshow,evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewhoalreadyhaveothercardiovascular(心血管的)risks,suchashighbloodpressure.(盡量遠離高速公路和工業(yè)區(qū)進行戶外鍛煉，當(dāng)空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)較差時，多待在室內(nèi)。正如各種研究所表明的那樣，對于已經(jīng)有其他心血管風(fēng)險——如高血壓——的人來說，即使是短時間的暴露也是不健康的。)”可知，本段主要講述了要遠離被污染的空氣，A項“避免污染空氣?！狈项}意。故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Laugh.(笑。)”和后文“A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.(《流行病學(xué)雜志》2016年對20000多名65歲以上的人進行的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些每天報告都笑的人患心血管疾病的幾率較低。)”可知，空處應(yīng)說的是笑對健康有好處，F(xiàn)項“它可以減輕壓力和抑郁，也可以作為一種迷你鍛煉?！狈项}意。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Aliceisastudentwhocametomyclasslastyear.Thoughshehasalreadyturned60,Alicelookssofitand___21___withabrightsmileandanenthusiasticattitude.IamAlice’steacherinclass,butIfeelsheismyteacherinlife.Formy2-hourclasseverySaturdaymorning,Alicehastotakea3-hourround-tripontheroad.Butsheisnever___22___forclass.AliceisverypassionateaboutlearningEnglish.Sheoftensays,“Don’t___23___measa60-year-old.Iamjustanewbeginnerwhowantstolearnanything___24___.Youknow,Iamveryexcitedtocometotheclass!”SoIfeelastrongsenseof___25___tomakesurewhatIteachmakessensetoher.Alicecametomewithvery___26___Englishskills,butsheturnsouttobeaveryfastlearnerbecauseshealwaysputsEnglish___27___onadailybasis.I___28___herhomeworkbeforeeveryclass.HerhomeworkisusuallynotwhatI___29___fortheclass,ratheritissomethingthatshe___30___toputtogether.Shemakesvarioussentencesusingtheimportantwordsandphrasesshelearnedfromour___31___class.Iamalways___32___bythequalityofherwork.IfeelfortunatetohaveastudentlikeAlice.Shehas___33___mesomuch.Our___34___isagreatlearningexperienceforbothofus.ThoughIhavenoideawhyshelearnsEnglish,IhopeIcanhelpher___35___herdream,whateveritis.21.A.strong B.cheerful C.generous D.proud22.A.anxious B.ready C.late D.meant23.A.treat B.recognize C.mistake D.describe24.A.carefully B.obviously C.regularly D.eagerly25.A.humor B.achievement C.responsibility D.belonging26.A.special B.basic C.effective D.official27.A.inplace B.inmotion C.inorder D.inuse28.A.copy B.check C.mention D.prepare29.A.revised B.saved C.arranged D.collected30.A.volunteers B.agrees C.promises D.hesitates31.A.lively B.former C.suitable D.senior32.A.encouraged B.annoyed C.confused D.impressed33.A.taught B.challenged C.guaranteed D.permitted34.A.appointment B.determination C.interaction D.cooperation35.A.playsafewith B.tryoutfor C.letgoof D.getcloserto【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者的一名學(xué)生，60歲的老人Alice，心態(tài)積極樂觀，學(xué)習(xí)主動認(rèn)真，從Alice身上，作者學(xué)到許多人生道理。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然愛麗絲已經(jīng)60歲了，但她看起來很健康，很快樂，有燦爛的笑容和熱情的態(tài)度。A.strong強壯的；B.cheerful高興的；C.generous慷慨的；D.proud驕傲的。根據(jù)后文“withabrightsmileandanenthusiasticattitude”可知，Alice心態(tài)非常樂觀，所以是快樂的。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是她上課從不遲到。A.anxious焦慮的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.late遲到的；D.meant原本打算的。根據(jù)前文“Formy2-h