廣東省汕頭市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期普通高中畢業(yè)班期末調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

汕頭市2023-2024學(xué)年度普通高中畢業(yè)班期末調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿分120分。考試用時(shí)120分。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑：如需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案。答案不能答在試卷上。試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBestHotelsinEdinburghClosetotheMust-SeeSightsEdinburghishometosomeofthebesthotelsinScotland.Herearesomeselectedhotels,rangingfromiconicfive-starinstitutionstonewapartmenthotels.TheBalmoralHotelForluxuryaccommodation,theBalmoralhoteloffersfive-starserviceandfantasticviewsofEdinburghCastle.Itisinthecitycenterandfeaturestheiconicclocktower.TheBalmoralisprobablythemostfamoushotelinthecityandisfamousforitshospitality.Itisalsopopularwithlocalsforafternoontea.WildeApartHotelWildeAparthotelisamodern,stylishhotel.Thehotelfeatureswell-appointed(設(shè)備齊全的)servicedapartmentsthathavefullyequippedsmallkitchens,freeWiFi,andcarparkingnearby.Theapartmentsareidealforthosewhoarestayinginthecityformorethananightortwoandwouldliketohaveasmallkitchentoenjoybreakfastorlunch.TheRadissonCollectionHotelTheRadissonCollectionHoteloverlookstheiconicRoyalMile.It’sjustashortwalkfromattractionssuchasEdinburghCastleandHolyroodParkandit’swithineasyreachoflocalrestaurants,shops,bars,andgalleries.EverythingyouwillwanttoseeanddoinEdinburghisclosetohand,andit’sfiveminutesfromWaverlyTrainStationandairportlinks.Thehotel’sdesignismodern.ScotsmanHotelOriginallybuiltasTheScotsmannewspaperofficesin1905,ScotsmanHotelhasbeencarefullyrestoredintoninefloorsofroomsandsuiteswithcommandingviewsoverthecity.LocatedatthetopendofNorthBridge,thehoteloccupiestheprimerealestatespot(黃金地段)inEdinburgh.EasyaccesstoWaverleyTrainStationandairportshuttles,thehotelisprobablythemostwell-appointedaccommodationintermsoftransportlinks.WehopeyoulovetheEdinburghhotelswerecommend!1.Whichhotelsuitscustomerswholovecookingbythemselves?A.ScotsmanHotel. B.WildeApartHotel.C.TheBalmoralHotel. D.TheRadissonCollectionHotel.2.WhatmakestheScotsmanHoteldifferentfromtheothers?A.Itsspecialorigin. B.Itscentralsituation.C.Itscommandingviews. D.Itsconvenienttransportation.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atraveljournal. B.Atourreport.C.Atouristwebsite. D.Ahotelresearch.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四家靠近愛(ài)丁堡必游景點(diǎn)的最佳酒店?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WildeApartHotel”下面的“Thehotelfeatureswell-appointed(設(shè)備齊全的)servicedapartmentsthathavefullyequippedsmallkitchens,freeWiFi,andcarparkingnearby.Theapartmentsareidealforthosewhoarestayinginthecityformorethananightortwoandwouldliketohaveasmallkitchentoenjoybreakfastorlunch.(酒店設(shè)有設(shè)備齊全的服務(wù)式公寓，配有設(shè)備齊全的小廚房、免費(fèi)WiFi和附近的停車場(chǎng)。這些公寓非常適合那些在城市里住一兩個(gè)晚上以上，且想要有一個(gè)小廚房來(lái)享用早餐或午餐的人)”可知，王爾德公寓酒店有設(shè)備齊全的小廚房，適合那些喜歡自己做飯的顧客。故選B。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ScotsmanHotel”下面的“OriginallybuiltasTheScotsmannewspaperofficesin1905,ScotsmanHotelhasbeencarefullyrestoredintoninefloorsofroomsandsuiteswithcommandingviewsoverthecity.(蘇格蘭人酒店建于1905年，最初是《蘇格蘭人報(bào)》的報(bào)社，現(xiàn)已精心修復(fù)為九層客房和套房，可俯瞰城市美景)”可推測(cè)出，蘇格蘭人酒店特殊的起源讓其不同于其他酒店。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“TheBestHotelsinEdinburghClosetotheMust-SeeSights”、第一段中的“Herearesomeselectedhotels,rangingfromiconicfive-starinstitutionstonewapartmenthotels.(以下是一些精選酒店，從標(biāo)志性的五星級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)到新型公寓酒店)”和最后一段“WehopeyoulovetheEdinburghhotelswerecommend!(我們希望你喜歡我們推薦的愛(ài)丁堡酒店！)”可知，本文為游客推薦了一些精選酒店，這些酒店靠近愛(ài)丁堡的必看景點(diǎn)。由此可推測(cè)出，本篇文章最有可能出自一個(gè)游客網(wǎng)站（Atouristwebsite），而不是旅行日志（Atraveljournal）、旅行報(bào)告（Atourreport）和酒店研究（Ahotelresearch）。故選C。BIwenttoYuanheMiddleSchoolinXihaigu,NingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,aplacethatusedtobeoneofthepoorestregionsinChina,toparticipateinanEnglishclasswithvillagechildren.Mostkidsintheschoolcomefrompoorvillagehomesandare“l(fā)eftbehind”children—kidswhoseparentsworkinthecitiestomakeabetterliving.Afterclass,wechattedalot,andtheywonderedabouteverything,using“outsideworld”asatermtodescribethewiderglobeformanytimes.Takingcareofruralchildrenisessential.Theschooloffersboardingservicesandfreebreakfastandlunchtothestudents,whocanalsovideochatwiththeirparentsdaily.Tobettercareforthevillagechildren,theschoolprovidesoutdoorhiking,technology,art,andforeignlanguageprogramstohelpthemunderstandtheoutsideworld.Afterall,high-qualityeducationtodisadvantagedvillagechildrenisthekeytopoverty-alleviation(扶貧)efforts.DuringmytripinXihaigu,IalsovisitedNingxiaNormalUniversity,whereover70%ofitsstudentsmajorineducation.In2013,localandcentralgovernmentslaunchedpublic-fundedprogramstorecruitstudentsinterestedinbecomingteachersinNingxia’sruralvillagesanddistricts.By2023,3,500studentswereenrolledintheprogram,manyofwhomcamefromdisadvantagedvillagehouseholdsinXihaigu.IhadtheopportunitytospeakwithYang,apublic-fundedstudentfromtheonce-poorXihaiguregion.Afterfinishingschool,heplannedtostayintheXihaiguareaasateachertoteachthekidsknowledge.Yangtoldmethatknowledgeisthekeytoleadingabetterlifeaswellasunderstandingtheworld.Alackofknowledgeisoneofthemainfactorsofbeingpoor.Moneycouldhelpthepoorforawhilebutnotonceforall.Hehopesthatbysharingknowledgewiththekidsinhishometown,hecanhelpthembroadentheirhorizonsanddevelopanobjectiveperspectiveontheworld.Heenvisionsafuturewherethesechildrencanusetheirknowledgetomakeabetterlife,stoppeople’sstereotypes(固有印象)aboutChinaandshareXihaigu’sstorieswiththerestoftheworld.4.Whydidthekidsrepeatedlymention“outsideworld”?A.Outofcuriosityabouttheunknownworld.B.Withthehopeofchangingtheworldoutside.C.Toshowtheirexperiencesaboutthewiderglobe.D.Forlackofconfidencetowardstheirinnerworld.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thekeytopoverty-alleviationefforts.B.Theaidtothekidsonlifeandeducation.C.Theteachingconditionsoftheschool.D.Thehigh-qualityeducationoftheschool.6.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’stripinNingxiaNormalUniversity?A.Studentsinthisuniversitycanbefreeofcharge.B.TheauthoritiessupportNingxia’sruralareasbystressingeducation.C.Thepublic-fundedprogramstargetatthestudentsfrompoorregions.D.MoneyislessimportantthanknowledgeforthepeopleinXihaigu’svillages.7.WhichofthefollowingmayagreewithYang’sopinion?A.Learnandlive. B.Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.C.Hangontoyourdreams. D.Poverty-alleviationstartswitheducation.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者到寧夏回族自治區(qū)西海固袁河中學(xué)給當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)村孩子上一節(jié)英語(yǔ)課，學(xué)校的大多數(shù)孩子都是貧困家庭的留守兒童，學(xué)校在照顧農(nóng)村孩子方面做出了許多努力。作者還參觀了寧夏師范學(xué)院，作者在這里感受到了政府對(duì)寧夏農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育的支持。在和一位公費(fèi)學(xué)生聊天的過(guò)程中，這位學(xué)生告訴了作者他畢業(yè)后想要給家鄉(xiāng)的貧困孩子傳播知識(shí)。作者感受到了鄉(xiāng)村教育對(duì)扶貧的重要性?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Afterclass,wechattedalot,andtheywonderedabouteverything,using‘outsideworld’asatermtodescribethewiderglobeformanytimes.(下課后，我們聊了很多，他們對(duì)一切都很好奇，多次用‘外面的世界’這個(gè)詞來(lái)形容更廣闊的世界。)”可知，孩子們對(duì)未知的世界非常好奇，所以多次提到“外面的世界”。故選A。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Takingcareofruralchildrenisessential.Theschooloffersboardingservicesandfreebreakfastandlunchtothestudents,whocanalsovideochatwiththeirparentsdaily.Tobettercareforthevillagechildren,theschoolprovidesoutdoorhiking,technology,art,andforeignlanguageprogramstohelpthemunderstandtheoutsideworld.Afterall,high-qualityeducationtodisadvantagedvillagechildrenisthekeytopoverty-alleviation(扶貧)efforts.(照顧農(nóng)村兒童至關(guān)重要。學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供寄宿服務(wù)和免費(fèi)早餐與午餐，學(xué)生還可以每天與家長(zhǎng)視頻聊天。為了更好地照顧村里的孩子，學(xué)校提供戶外徒步旅行、技術(shù)、藝術(shù)和外語(yǔ)課程，幫助他們了解外面的世界。畢竟，為貧困農(nóng)村兒童提供高質(zhì)量的教育是扶貧工作的關(guān)鍵。)”可知，第三段主要介紹了學(xué)校對(duì)農(nóng)村貧困兒童在生活和教育上的幫助。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“In2013,localandcentralgovernmentslaunchedpublic-fundedprogramstorecruitstudentsinterestedinbecomingteachersinNingxia’sruralvillagesanddistricts.(2013年，地方和中央政府啟動(dòng)了公共資助項(xiàng)目，招收有興趣在寧夏農(nóng)村地區(qū)當(dāng)教師的學(xué)生。)”可推測(cè)出，當(dāng)局通過(guò)重視教育來(lái)支持寧夏農(nóng)村地區(qū)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Yangtoldmethatknowledgeisthekeytoleadingabetterlifeaswellasunderstandingtheworld.Alackofknowledgeisoneofthemainfactorsofbeingpoor.(楊告訴我，知識(shí)是過(guò)上更好生活的關(guān)鍵，也是了解世界的關(guān)鍵。缺乏知識(shí)是貧窮的主要因素之一。)”可推測(cè)出，楊認(rèn)為扶貧始于教育。故選D。CAsarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家)examinedancienttombsinTurfaninwesternChina,theydiscoveredsomesurprisinglywell-preservedandfamiliarrelics.Thoughhardenedfromover1,000years,theresatlittledumplings.Exactlywhoinventeddumplingsremainsamystery.Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic(游牧的)TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause“manti,”meaning“dumpling”or“steamedbun”inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfordumplinginseveralotherlanguages.AncientTurkicpeopleprobablyfilledtheirdumplingswithmeat.Butit’sunclearwhenthispracticebegan,orwhethertheylearnedtheartofdumpling-makingfromothers.Howeverthishappened,dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina.DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthetraditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian(素食)dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods.TherelationshipbetweenChinesedumplingsandthoseinotherareasistrickytotrace,butfoodhistorianshavemadetheirbestguessesbasedonavailableclues.BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.ThesedumplingscouldhavecomebywayofChinaordirectlyfromsomeoftheTurkicpeoplestheMongolshiredtoruntheirempire.OnetheoryisthatthisgaverisetodumplingslikepelmeniinRussia,pierogiinPolandandvarenikiinUkraine.TheMongolEmpirealsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarietieswereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans“l(fā)ittlelumps”.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese“jiaozi”werebroughttoJapan.SowhatabouttheItaliandumpling-likepasta?SomehistoriansthinkitmightbebroughtbyArabconquerors.It’sunlikelythatalldumplingdishescamefromthesameroottradition.Howeverwecanappreciatethemysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.8.WhatmadeTurkicpeoplessuspectedtofirstspreaddumplings?A.Thelanguagestheyused. B.Theireatinghabits.C.Theirdumpling-makingskills. D.Thenewlyfoundtombs.9.Whatdoesthephrase“gatheredsteam”inparagraph2mean?A.Originated. B.Stabilized.C.Gotwell-cooked. D.Becamepopular.10.Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A.Thespreadingprocessofdumplings.B.Thepossibleoriginsofdumplings.C.Differencesbetweenvariousdumplings.D.Reasonsforthepopularityofdumplings.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribedumplingsaccordingtothepassage?A.Delicious. B.Diverse. C.Unusual. D.Regional.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了有關(guān)餃子傳播的一些歷史?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic(游牧的)TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause‘manti,’meaning‘dumpling’or‘steamedbun’inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfordumplinginseveralotherlanguages.(但一些學(xué)者懷疑，它們最早是由生活在中國(guó)西部和中亞的突厥游牧民族傳播的。之所以會(huì)被認(rèn)為是這種情況，是因?yàn)椤甿anti’在許多突厥語(yǔ)中的意思是‘餃子’或‘饅頭’，在其他幾種語(yǔ)言中似乎是餃子的詞根。)”可知，由于突厥語(yǔ)的“manti”在其他幾種語(yǔ)言中似乎是餃子的詞根，所以突厥民族被懷疑是最初傳播餃子的人。故選A。【9題詳解】短語(yǔ)猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.(在接下來(lái)的一千年里，餃子在中國(guó)繼續(xù)流行并多樣化。)”可知，在突厥之后的一千年里，餃子繼續(xù)受到人們的喜愛(ài)，并且出現(xiàn)了多種形式，由此可推測(cè)出，“dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina”表示的是餃子無(wú)疑在古代中國(guó)很受歡迎。gathersteam意為“受歡迎，流行”，與becomepopular的意思最接近。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的“BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.(除了突厥部落，一些學(xué)者認(rèn)為蒙古帝國(guó)也對(duì)餃子的傳播做出了貢獻(xiàn)，也許將餃子引入了東歐的部分地區(qū)。)”和“TheMongolEmpirealsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarietieswereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans‘littlelumps’.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese‘jiaozi’werebroughttoJapan.(蒙古帝國(guó)也控制了朝鮮，并可能在那里引入了餃子。后來(lái)，隨著中國(guó)餃子品種被引入更多的國(guó)家，講英語(yǔ)的人開始稱它們?yōu)轱溩?，意思是‘小腫塊’。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，中國(guó)的‘餃子’被帶到了日本。)”可知，第四段主要講述了餃子的傳播過(guò)程。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthetraditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian(素食)dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods.(在接下來(lái)的一千年里，餃子在中國(guó)繼續(xù)流行并多樣化。一些社會(huì)選擇了素食餃子，而不是傳統(tǒng)的肉餡。人們開發(fā)了新的烹飪方法。)”和最后一段中的“However,wecanappreciatethemysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.(然而，我們可以欣賞到使餃子如此多樣化的神秘歷史之網(wǎng)。)”可知，餃子經(jīng)過(guò)千年來(lái)的發(fā)展演變，有了不同的口味和烹飪方法，由此可推測(cè)出，用“多樣化”（diverse）最能描述餃子。故選B。DSoniaKleindorferwasanewdirectoroftheKonradLorenzResearchCenterinAustria.Atherinstitute,KonradLorenzwasafamousAustrianzoologistwhocouldcorrectlynameeachkindofgoose,whichmadeKleindorferfeelacertainamountofpressure.“Icandofive,butwhenthenextfivecome,Istarttohaveamentalmeltdown,”shesays.Soshecontactedamoretechnically-mindedcolleagueandaskedhim:Couldhewriteaprogramtodistinguishthesefaces?Hesaidyes,buthe’dneedadatabaseofgeesephotostoworkwith.Kleindorfergotherteamoutthere,snappingpicturesofthegeesefromeveryangle.Afterbuildingthedatabase,theywroteapieceoffacialrecognitionAIthatcouldIDagoose,bylookingatspecificfeaturesofitsbeak(喙).Afteracoupleofyears,theteamreportsthattheirgooserecognitionsoftwareisnowabout97%accurate.“Geesehavesuchdrama—therearearchrivals(勁敵),andjealousyandretribution(報(bào)答),”Kleindorfersays.Tofindouthowfacesfiguredintothisdrama,shepresentedthegeesewithfull-sizedpicturesofthemselves,theirpartners,oranothermemberoftheflock.Sheshowedevidencethatgeeseseemedtorecognizephotosoftheirpartnersandfriends,butnotthemselves.Forfurtherstudy,SoniaKleindorferhopesbirdwatcherswillsomedaybeabletosnapapictureofagoose,IDit,andshareitslocationwithscientists.Butsheadds,justremember,hernewresearchsuggeststhatbirdwatchinggoesbothways:Geesecanrememberfacestoo.“Ifyouareevernotkindtoagoose,”shewarns,“thatgoosemayfindyouagain.”Kleindorferthinksthatfacialrecognitionisgoingtoplayareallyimportantroleinconservationandecology.“Weneedmorecomputerscientiststrainedinbehavioralecologyandweneedmoreconservationscientiststrainedincomputerscience,”shesays.“Butworkingtogether,Ithinkwecandothis.”12.WhatwastheproblemofSoniaKleindorferatwork?A.Shewasalwaysstressed. B.Shewasnotabletocountthegeese.C.Shesufferedamentalillness. D.Shecouldn’trecognizeallthegeese.13.Howdoestheprogramdistinguishthegeese?A.Bysnappingpicturesofthegeese. B.Bypresentingthefull-sizedpictures.C.Byidentifyingthebeaksinthephotos. D.Bybuildingthedatabaseofthegeese.14.Whatisthefindingofthenewresearch?A.Birdwatchingisadangerousactivity.B.Geesecanlocateandfindhumanbeings.C.Geesehavetheabilityoffacialrecognition.D.Birdwatcherscansnapapictureofagoose.15.WhatdoesKleindorferstressinthelastparagraph?A.Sciencetraining. B.Computerscience.C.Photo-takingskills. D.Cross-subjectstudy.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了SoniaKleindorfer及其團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了一款用于鵝面部識(shí)別的人工智能工具，這個(gè)工具現(xiàn)在大約有97%的準(zhǔn)確度。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Atherinstitute,KonradLorenzwasafamousAustrianzoologistwhocouldcorrectlynameeachkindofgoose,whichmadeKleindorferfeelacertainamountofpressure.‘Icandofive,butwhenthenextfivecome,Istarttohaveamentalmeltdown,’shesays.(在她的研究所，康拉德·洛倫茲是一位著名的奧地利動(dòng)物學(xué)家，他能正確地說(shuō)出每一種鵝的名字，這讓克蘭多夫感到了一定的壓力。她說(shuō):“我可以認(rèn)出五種不同的鵝，但當(dāng)接下來(lái)的五種接踵而來(lái)時(shí)，我的精神就開始崩潰。)”可知，SoniaKleindorfer在工作中的問(wèn)題是她不能認(rèn)出所有的鵝。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Afterbuildingthedatabase,theywroteapieceoffacialrecognitionAIthatcouldIDagoose,bylookingatspecificfeaturesofitsbeak(喙).(在建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)后，他們編寫了一段面部識(shí)別人工智能，可以通過(guò)觀察鵝喙的特定特征來(lái)識(shí)別鵝。)”可知，該程序可以通過(guò)識(shí)別鵝喙來(lái)區(qū)分鵝。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butsheadds,justremember,hernewresearchsuggeststhatbirdwatchinggoesbothways:Geesecanrememberfacestoo.(但她補(bǔ)充道，只是要記住，她的新研究表明，觀鳥是雙向的：鵝也能記住面孔。)”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鵝也有面部識(shí)別的能力。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Weneedmorecomputerscientiststrainedinbehavioralecologyandweneedmoreconservationscientiststrainedincomputerscience,’shesays.‘Butworkingtogether,Ithinkwecandothis.’(‘我們需要更多受過(guò)行為生態(tài)學(xué)培訓(xùn)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家，也需要更多受過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)培訓(xùn)的保護(hù)科學(xué)家?！f(shuō)。‘但通過(guò)合作，我認(rèn)為我們可以做到這一點(diǎn)。’)”可知，Kleindorfer認(rèn)為需要受過(guò)行為生態(tài)學(xué)培訓(xùn)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和受過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)培訓(xùn)的保護(hù)科學(xué)家，但可以通過(guò)合作達(dá)到目的。由此可推測(cè)出，她強(qiáng)調(diào)了要跨學(xué)科合作研究。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howdoweslowdownandeatmoredeliberately?Andwhataresometechniqueswecanusetoeatatahealthypace?___16___That’swhenyouuseyoursensestoenjoythefoodandnoticehowitmakesyoufeel.Thefirsttipistotakeatleast20minutestofinishyourmeal.Veryoftenwefindourselveseatingwhiledoingsomethingelse,andthatcanmakeuseatfasterthanwenormallywould.Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendabout20minutesdoingso.___17______18___Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.Theycaninterferewithyourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull.Spendtimetoeatandonlyeat.Makesureyourcellphoneisfacedownandyou’renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough.Noticingallthelittledetailsaboutyourfoodwouldhavegreatbenefitsaswell.___19___Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.Askyourself:what’sonmyplate?HowhungryamItoday?Isittoosalty?Noticethesmell,thetextureandwhateverothersensesthatariseasyoueat.Insteadofwolfingdown,don’tforgettoactuallychew.Ifyou’reinhaling(吸入)yourfoodyou’reprobablynotchewingit.___20___Lookateachbitebeforepoppingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou’reeatingandchew,chew,chew.A.Puttingyourphoneawayisalsoadvisable.B.So,you’dbettereatinamorehealthyway.C.Second,removefoodthatwouldmakeyoudistract.D.Expertssharehelpfultipsonhowtoeatmoremindfully.E.Expertssuggestthatchewingisanimportantpartofdigestion.F.Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich.G.Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.F20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了如何在吃飯時(shí)以健康的速度有意識(shí)地進(jìn)食?！?6題詳解】前文“Howdoweslowdownandeatmoredeliberately?Andwhataresometechniqueswecanusetoeatatahealthypace?(我們?nèi)绾畏怕俣龋佑幸庾R(shí)地進(jìn)食？我們可以使用哪些方法來(lái)用健康的速度進(jìn)食？)”詢問(wèn)如何才能緩慢且有意識(shí)地健康飲食，后文“That’swhenyouuseyoursensestoenjoythefoodandnoticehowitmakesyoufeel.(這時(shí)你會(huì)用你的感官來(lái)享受食物，并注意到它給你的感覺(jué)。)”講述了達(dá)到這種飲食狀態(tài)時(shí)的效果，由此可知，空處應(yīng)講述有這么做的一些方法，D項(xiàng)“專家們分享了一些關(guān)于如何吃得更專心的有益建議?！狈项}意，選項(xiàng)中的moremindfully與前文中的moredeliberately對(duì)應(yīng)。故選D。【17題詳解】前文“Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendabout20minutesdoingso.(當(dāng)你坐下來(lái)吃飯時(shí)，花大約20分鐘的時(shí)間進(jìn)食。)”講述了吃飯要用大約20分鐘的時(shí)間，空處應(yīng)講述這么做的道理，G項(xiàng)“你的身體需要大約那么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能向大腦發(fā)出飽腹的信號(hào)?！狈项}意，選項(xiàng)中的aboutthattime指代前文的about20minutes。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.Theycaninterferewithyourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull.(在吃飯的時(shí)候去除所有干擾。它們會(huì)干擾你享受食物和注意飽腹的能力。)”和“Makesureyourcellphoneisfacedownandyou’renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough.(確保你的手機(jī)正面朝下，不會(huì)回復(fù)任何傳來(lái)的信息。)”可知，本段主要講述了吃飯時(shí)要拿走會(huì)干擾注意力的手機(jī)，A項(xiàng)“把手機(jī)收起來(lái)也是明智的。”符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳解】后文“Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.(放慢速度的一種方法是運(yùn)用你的感官，仔細(xì)思考你這頓飯的所有細(xì)節(jié)。)”講述了放慢速度的一種方法是注意有關(guān)這頓飯的所有細(xì)節(jié)，所以空處應(yīng)是說(shuō)你或許想知道如何放慢速度，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“你可能想知道如何花整整20分鐘吃一個(gè)三明治?！狈项}意。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Insteadofwolfingdown,don’tforgettoactuallychew.Ifyou’reinhaling(吸入)yourfoodyou’reprobablynotchewingit.(與其狼吞虎咽，別忘了實(shí)實(shí)在在地咀嚼。如果你吸入食物，你可能沒(méi)有咀嚼。)”和后文“Lookateachbitebeforepoppingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou’reeatingandchew,chew,chew.(在把每一口咬進(jìn)嘴里之前，先看一看，承認(rèn)你在吃什么，然后咀嚼，咀嚼，咀嚼。)”可知，本段主要講述了要咀嚼食物，E項(xiàng)“專家建議，咀嚼是消化的重要組成部分?！狈项}意。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空格處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In9thgrade,Ijoinedamilitarytraining(軍訓(xùn))camp.Thespecialeye-openerforcedmyfriendsaway,whowere___21___tobeawayfromtheirfamilieswhileIturnedexcitedatthe___22___.Inthecamp,the___23___wasthefirstchallenge.Honestly,Istartedtobe___24___tomyparents,whohadinsistedondoingmypartathome.It’snotaseasyasitsounds.Nottomention,theyhadtodoeverythingthemselves,fromdishesto___25___,foruswithoutcomplaint.Butinthecamp,wegotonly20minutesduringthebreaktomakeourbeds,sweeptheflooranddothewashing.Besides,fromthemomentIarrived,thecampimpressedmemostwithasenseof___26___.Thedayswerelonganddemanding,filledwith___27___designedtopushustoourlimits.Wehada(an)___28___instructorwhistlingloudlyat5a.m.WakenupearlyoncoldDecembermornings,wewere___29___torunfourlapsbeforebreakfast.Itwasareal____30____.Ifonefailed,thewholeteamgottwomorelaps.Graduallythepain____31____.LaterinthemountainclimbingcompetitionwithBoyTeam,weGirlTeamwasthechampion!Afterthosefreezingmornings,we____32____it.Eachmemberofourteamworkedsohardonourskills.____33____,thesharedexperiencestaughtusalessonof____34____.Wereliedoneachotherforsupport.Overall,theexperience,likethesuninthatwinter,warmsmyheartand____35____myway.21.A.eager B.pleased C.afraid D.hesitated22.A.potential B.adventure C.campaign D.gathering23.A.homesickness B.routine C.standard D.housework24.A.grateful B.pitiful C.respectful D.devoted25.A.washing B.workout C.schedules D.relationships26.A.boredom B.urgency C.security D.discipline27.A.systems B.strategies C.challenges D.tracks28.A.enthusiastic B.strict C.considerate D.responsible29.A.commanded B.advised C.expected D.persuaded30.A.treat B.thrill C.struggle D.shame31.A.easedup B.paidoff C.fadedaway D.camealong32.A.took B.meant C.got D.made33.A.Furthermore B.Still C.However D.Anyway34.A.sportsmanship B.teamwork C.friendship D.order35.A.changes B.follows C.lights D.clears【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者九年級(jí)時(shí)參加軍訓(xùn)的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞和動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這次特別的大開眼界的經(jīng)歷迫使我的朋友們離開，他們害怕離開家人，而我對(duì)這次冒險(xiǎn)感到興奮。A.eager渴望的；B.pleased高興的；C.afraid害怕的；D.hesitated猶豫。while表示對(duì)比，根據(jù)后面的“Iturnedexcited”可知，與作者的興奮形成對(duì)比的是朋友們害怕離家。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.potential潛力；B.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；C.campaign運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.gathering聚會(huì)。根據(jù)上文中的“Ijoinedamilitarytraining(軍訓(xùn))camp”和語(yǔ)境可知，作者認(rèn)為這次軍訓(xùn)是一次冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在營(yíng)地里，家務(wù)活是第一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。A.homesickness想家；B.routine常規(guī)；C.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；D.housework家務(wù)。根據(jù)下文中的“makeourbeds,sweeptheflooranddothewashing”可知，這里指的是家務(wù)勞動(dòng)。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：老實(shí)說(shuō)，我開始感激我的父母，他們堅(jiān)持在家里做我的那份家務(wù)。A.grateful感激的；B.pitiful令人同情的；C.respectful表示敬意的；D.devoted忠誠(chéng)的，全心全意的。根據(jù)句中的“whohadinsistedondoingmypartathome”可知，作者的父母承擔(dān)了屬于作者的那部分家務(wù)，作者對(duì)父母心存感激。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更不用說(shuō)，從洗碗到洗衣，他們一切都得自己為我們做，毫無(wú)怨言。A.washing洗刷；B.workout鍛煉；C.schedules日程安排；D.relationships關(guān)系。根據(jù)to前的dishes可知，空處應(yīng)填表示家務(wù)活的詞，這里指的是從洗碗到洗衣。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，從我到達(dá)營(yíng)地的那一刻起，營(yíng)地就給我留下了最深刻的紀(jì)律感。A.boredom厭煩；B.urgency緊迫；C.security安全；D.discipline紀(jì)律。根據(jù)下文中的“Wehada(an)___8___instructorwhistlingloudlyat5a.m.WakenupearlyoncoldDecembermornings,wewere___9___torunfourlapsbeforebreakfast.(早上5點(diǎn)，我們有一位嚴(yán)格的教練大聲吹口哨。12月寒冷的早晨，我們?cè)缭缧褋?lái)，被命令在早餐前跑四圈)”可知，軍訓(xùn)的紀(jì)律非常嚴(yán)格。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些日子漫長(zhǎng)而艱難，充滿了旨在將我們推向極限的挑戰(zhàn)。A.systems系統(tǒng)；B.strategies策略；C.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；D.tracks小道。根據(jù)空后的“designedtopushustoourlimits”和上文中的“thefirstchallenge”可知，軍訓(xùn)的日子里充滿了將他們推向極限的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：早上5點(diǎn)，我們有一位嚴(yán)格的教練大聲吹口哨。A.enthusiastic熱情的；B.strict嚴(yán)格的；C.considerate體貼的；D.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)句中的“at5a.m.”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，教練每天早上5點(diǎn)就吹響口哨，可見(jiàn)這位教練非常嚴(yán)格。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：12月寒冷的早晨，我們?cè)缭缧褋?lái)，被命令在早餐前跑四圈。A.commanded命令；B.advised建議；C.expected期待；D.persuaded說(shuō)服。根據(jù)常識(shí)和上文中的“instructor”可知，軍訓(xùn)時(shí)教練會(huì)下達(dá)命令讓學(xué)生去跑步。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)真正的困難。A.treat款待；B.thrill興奮感；C.struggle難事；D.shame羞恥。根據(jù)上文中的“runfourlapsbeforebreakfast”和下文中的“Ifonefailed,thewholeteamgottwomorelaps.(如果有一個(gè)沒(méi)做到，整個(gè)隊(duì)還要再跑兩圈)”可知，在沒(méi)吃早餐前要跑四圈，而且有一個(gè)人沒(méi)跑夠就要整個(gè)隊(duì)伍再多跑兩圈，由此可知，這非常困難。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：漸漸地，痛苦得到了回報(bào)。A.easedup緩和；B.paidoff獲得好結(jié)果；C.fadedaway衰弱；D.camealong跟隨。根據(jù)下文中的“LaterinthemountainclimbingcompetitionwithBoyTeam,weGirlTeamwasthechampion!(后來(lái)在與男孩隊(duì)的登山比賽中，我們女孩隊(duì)獲得了冠軍！)”可知，軍訓(xùn)時(shí)受到的苦獲得了回報(bào)。故選B。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)了那些寒冷的早晨之后，我們成功了。A.took拿到；B.meant意味著；C.got得到；D.made使成功。根據(jù)上文中的“LaterinthemountainclimbingcompetitionwithBoyTeam,weGirlTeamwasthechampion!(后來(lái)在與男孩隊(duì)的登山比賽中，我們女孩隊(duì)獲得了冠軍！)”可知，大家的辛苦努力最終收獲了成功的回報(bào)。makeit意為“獲得成功”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，共同的經(jīng)歷給我們上了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的一課。A.Furthermore此外；B.Still仍然；C.However然而；D.Anyway不管怎樣。前文“Eachmemberofourteamworkedsohardonourskills.(我們團(tuán)隊(duì)的每個(gè)成員都在努力提高我們的技能)”講述了團(tuán)隊(duì)的每個(gè)人都努力提高自身技能，后文“thesharedexperiencestaughtusalessonof___14___”講述了共同的經(jīng)歷讓大家學(xué)會(huì)了合作，這里表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，應(yīng)用Furthermore。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.sportsmanship體育精神；B.teamwork合作；C.friendship友誼；D.order命令。根據(jù)句中的“thesharedexperiences”和下文中的“Wereliedoneachotherforsupport.(我們互相依靠、相互支持)”可知，他們學(xué)會(huì)了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。故選B。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這段經(jīng)歷就像那個(gè)冬天的太陽(yáng)一樣，溫暖了我的心，照亮了我的路。A.changes改變；B.follows跟隨；C.lights照亮；D.clears清除。根據(jù)句中的“thesuninthatwinter”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，這段經(jīng)歷就像冬日里的太陽(yáng)一樣，照亮作者的路。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnachillyDecembermorninginBeijing,ZhangTing___36___(rise)at6a.m.andstartedtodressforhertriptotheSummerPalace.Twohourslater,thestylish28-year-old,ahip-hopsinger-songwriter,___37___(wear)hanfu—traditionalChinesecostume,arrivedattheSummerPalace,animperialgardenestablishedduringtheQingDynasty(1644-1911)and___38___UNESCOWorldHeritagesite.Shevisitedhere___39___(gain)inspirationforanewsong,forwhichsheplannedtomixelementsof___40___(tradition)Chineseculturewithherownstyleofmusic,knownasguofeng,ormusicwithaChineseflavor.Zhan