青海省2022年高考英語考試真題與答案解析

青海省2022年高考［英語］考試真題與答案解析

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.

2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?

A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject.

3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?

A.Ifsbig.B.Ifsquiet.C.Ifsnew.

4.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.

5Whereistheman5stable?

A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?

A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.

7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?

A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.Ifseasytohire

people.

9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?

A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doone

departmentatatime.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?

A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorun

amuseum.

11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?

A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedina

gallery.

12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?

A.Rembrandfs.B.B。甘icelli's.C.Rubens'.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.

14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?

A.March.B.August.C.October.

15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?

A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B.Hewasofferedabe甘erone.C.

Hegottiredof計.

16.WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn'sproblem?

A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?

A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.

18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?

A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifth

place.

19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?

A.Ge甘ingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.Representing

Botswana.

20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Hisplantogoforthegold.

B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.

C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

HenryRaeburn（1756-1823）

TheExhibition

Thisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkof

Scotland（sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfrom

collectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldin

overfortyyears.

LectureSeries

ScottishNationalPortrait（肖像畫）Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneral

public.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.

AnIntroductiontoRaeburnRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries

Sunday26Oct.,15.00Thursday30Oct.,13.10

DUNCANTHOMSONJUDYEGERTON

CharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburnandArtist'sTraininginthe

Raeburn'sPortraits18thCentury

Thursday6Nov.,13.10Thursday13Nov.,13.10

NICHOLASPHILLIPSONMARTINPOSTLE

ExhibitionTimes

Monday-Saturday10.00-17.45Sunday12.00-17.45

Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.

Closed:24-26Decemberand1January.

Admission

￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.

SchoolsandColleges

Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-time

education,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswith

teachers.

1.Whatistherighttimefora甘endingRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries

A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13Nov.

2.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?

A.￡4.B.￡8.C.￡12.D.￡16.

3.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?

A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.

C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardsw計hthem.

【答案】l.B2.B3.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了為紀(jì)念蘇格蘭最受歡迎的畫家亨利?雷伯恩爵士進行的

展覽的相關(guān)情況。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格右上角Raeburn，sEnglishContemporaries部分（（Thursday30

0ct.（10月30日星期四）"可知，在10月30日星期四可以去參加Raeburn'sEnglish

ContemporarieSo故選B項。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission部分“￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyan

adultareadmittedfree.（4英鎊。12歲以下兒童在一位成人陪同下免費入場。）”可知，一

對夫婦應(yīng)付4+4=8英鎊，兩個12歲以下的兒童在成人陪同下免費，即入場費為8英鎊。故選

B項。

[3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后—段"Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailable

toallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,in

organisedgroupsw計hteachers.（所有全日制教育的學(xué)生，高至并包括那些學(xué)士學(xué)位水平的

學(xué)生，在有教師的組織團體中，均可享受每人2英鎊的特別低入場費?？芍?，全日制學(xué)生

在有教師的組織團體中，可以獲得折扣，即他們必須由教師帶領(lǐng)。故選C項。

B

In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—Dorothy

WoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRocky

Mountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSm計hCollege.

Theyworeexpensiveclothes.Soforthemtomoveto日khead,Colo,toinstructthe

childrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.Theirstayin

ElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwo

SocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorand

DorothyWoodruffsgranddaughter.

Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,

theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,

rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.

Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthe

childrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.

InWickenden,sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoon

feminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.A

hair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed（牽涉）

drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.Thebookendswith

RosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism（堅忍）

ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothy

Woodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehind

themountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnow

wasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,which

turnedwhiteinthewinter."

4.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?

A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.

C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.

5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

CTheylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.

6.WhichpartofWickendenJswritingishair-raising?

A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.

C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren'sstory.D.Adiaryentry.

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfrom

Auburn,N.Y.-DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoa

settlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.（1916年,來

自紐約奧本市的兩個富裕家庭的女孩---DorothyWoodruff和Rosamond

Underwood——來到落基山脈的一個定居點，在一間只有一個房間的學(xué)校教書。可知，

Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脈是為了去學(xué)校里教書。故選A項。

（5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlike

them,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhenthey

wokeupinthemorning.（他們和一個當(dāng)?shù)丶彝?，哈里森一家一起搬進去，和他們一樣，幾乎

沒有隱私，很少洗澡，早上醒來時被子上覆蓋著一層雪。以及“Inspring,thesnowwas

replacedbymudoverice.（在春天，雪被泥替代覆蓋在冰上。）”可知，女孩們的生活條件

非常艱苦，她們飽受磨難。故選D項。

【6題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingofthe

railroads,whichentaileddrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.

人毛骨悚然的一段與鐵路建設(shè)有關(guān)，這涉及到在令人眩目的暴風(fēng)雪中鉆穿落基山脈。）”可知，

Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脈的鐵路建設(shè)這一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故選C項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy1sreturnto

Auburn.（這本書以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奧本結(jié)束。以及最后一段"Wickendenis

averygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicismofthepeoplemove

hertosomebeautifulwriting.（Wickenden是個很好的講故事的人。大地的遼闊和人們的

堅忍使她創(chuàng)作出了一些美麗的作品?？芍?，本文簡要介紹了Wickenden的書籍內(nèi)容，并

對其進行了評價，所以文本是一篇書評。故選B項。

c

Canasmallgroupofdrone3（無人機）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailways

and,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?That

istheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky"technologytomaking

surethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）worldwide

aresafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycould

dopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrail

infrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.The

moreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityand

on-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswould

bemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailway

personnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately

20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,。什en

atnighttoinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerouswork

thatcouldbeavoidedw計hdronesassistingthecrews1efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-value

servicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorsw計ches,beforetheycancause

anysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflying

overhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthe

future.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorun

autonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAlandtravelling

aheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,they

couldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

8.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones'abilitytoworkathigh

altitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones'reliableperformancein

remoteareas.

9.Whatdoes"maintenance"underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

10.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?

AToprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.

11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

DHowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。應(yīng)用今天的"空中之眼”的技術(shù)，無人機能在保證鐵路安全可靠

的同時又能幫助鐵路運營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二E殳"Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tension

electricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesand

othervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracks

andswitchingpoints1無人機已經(jīng)被用于檢查高壓電線。他們完全可以做同樣的事情來檢查

鐵路線路和鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的其他重要方面，如鐵路軌道和換乘點的正確位置)”可知使用無人

機檢查電力線路使無人機應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能。故選A。

(9題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“什iscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespend

approximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsending

maintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.（據(jù)統(tǒng)計,

僅歐洲鐵路公司每年在鐵路維護上的花費就約為200億歐元，其中包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修

人員檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）”可知花在maintenance上的費用是用于"inspectand

repairtherailinfrastructure（檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”，由此可知"Thatincludeshuge

savingsinmaintenancecostsandbe甘erprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety”是

指大幅節(jié)省檢修成本和更好地保護鐵路人員安全，劃線詞和C項：Inspectionandrepair（檢

修）含義相近。故選C。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:the

raildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,and

programmedtorunautonomously（工程師們現(xiàn)在正在研究一個新概念:未來的鐵路無人機。

它們將在列車前方的軌道上運行，并被設(shè)定為自動運行）”可知鐵路無人機有望讓火車自動運

行。故選Bo

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段"Canasmallgroupofdrones（無人機）guaranteethe

safetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssave

billionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday;s"eyes

inthesky"technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometersofrailtracks

andinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.（一小群無人機

能否在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時，幫助鐵路運營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元？這很可能是應(yīng)用今天

的"空中之眼”技術(shù)的未來，以確保全球數(shù)百萬公里的鐵路軌道和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施全天候安全運

行。以及后文第二段講到了使用無人機檢查電力線路使無人機應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能;第

三段講到了使用無人機大幅節(jié)省維護成本和更好地保護鐵路人員安全第四段講到了通過使用

最新的技術(shù)，無人機還可以開始為鐵路提供更高的價值，可知文章主要講述了無人機將如何改

變鐵路的未來，所以D項"無人機將如何改變鐵路的未來?！狈衔恼轮行乃枷?，適合作為

本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選Do

D

TheGovernment'ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyas

Ministersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhas

shown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmore

than5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（肥

胖）.Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimes

therecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,

dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.At

presentitisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwill

gotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevels

cutbymanufacturers（制造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnow

contain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers'effortstoavoid

thecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeen

forcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceor

import,dependingonthesugarcontent.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthe

sugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,

milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmall

companiesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.

Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluence

thesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（設(shè)施）and

healthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyand

activechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplaying計spart.

12.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C.Toprotectchildren1shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

13.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.

C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts;sugar

content.

14.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?

A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.

ClassicCoke.

15.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.

C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.

【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國政府對軟飲料征收的糖稅來解決兒童以及青

少年的健康問題，同時該收入用于學(xué)校體育。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichapplies

tosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelp

reducechildhoodobesity.（該稅于2016年4月首次宣布，適用于每100毫升含糖超過

5g的軟飲料，旨在幫助減少兒童肥胖。）”可知，征收糖稅的目的是幫助兒童減少肥胖。故選

C項。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"什comesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshops

havehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthetax.

（此前，制造商已經(jīng)降低了商店中銷售的超過一半的軟飲料的含糖量，以避免納稅。）”可知，

一些飲料公司通過降低了產(chǎn)品的含糖量來避稅。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的"However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCoca

Cola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsetting

consumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthe

tax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.（然而,一些

高糖品牌，如經(jīng)典可口可樂，已經(jīng)接受了糖稅，并拒絕改變，因為擔(dān)心會惹惱消費者。果汁、

以牛奶為原料的飲料和大多數(shù)酒精飲料是免稅的，每年生產(chǎn)不到100萬升的小公司也是免稅

的。）”可知，糖稅主要來自經(jīng)典可口可樂這些高糖品牌。故選D項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernment

official,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsof

poundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.（根據(jù)一位政府官員的說法，

今天的數(shù)據(jù)顯示了糖稅的積極影響，它為學(xué)校的體育設(shè)施和健康飲食籌集了數(shù)百萬英鎊）”可

推斷，糖稅政策的實施是一個成功的政策。故選B項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaysto

sustain（保持）long-distancefriendships.

?Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（聯(lián)

系）andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscan

beachallenge.16.

?Moreisn'talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachof

youwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.17.

Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoice

messagesorhavingagroupchat.

?Practiseempathy（共情）

18.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltime

demandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironment

shouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.

-19

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.

Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffort

goesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackof

friends'birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.

?Don'trelyontechnologyalone

20,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremore

consciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?

Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimpo什antdates

B.CompensatebywritingIe廿ers

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

【答案】16D17.B18.G19.A20.F

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了五種維系異地友誼的方法。

[16題詳解】

上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.H（平日繁忙，

很難抽出時間打電話。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時間給對方打電話，D項“盡量找個雙

方都有空的時間去打電話，并堅持下去”給出了解決沒時間打電話這個問題的方法，符合題

意。故選D項。

【17題詳解】

上文“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequently

eachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth."（確

保你已經(jīng)與你的朋友溝通過，了解你們彼此希望聯(lián)系的次數(shù)，以及哪種溝通方式最適合你們兩

人。）提到異地朋友之間要商量溝通方式，B項“可以通過寫信補償”提出了其中一種溝通方

式：寫信，下文“Therearealternativestoconstantwri甘encommunication,suchas

leavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat."（除了不斷的文字交流，還有其他方式,

比如發(fā)語音或者組建群聊。）補充了發(fā)語音等其他溝通方式，其中“constantwritten

a

communication"呼應(yīng)了B項的writingletters"0故選B項。

【18題詳解】

下文"Thefriendwhoisremaining"（留下來的朋友）和"Theoneinthenew

environment”（在新環(huán)境中的那個）提到朋友的兩個不同處境，G項“你可能是朋友中離開

的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中

"thefriendwholeft"和"theonewhowasleftbehind"分別對應(yīng)下文"Theoneinthe

newenvironmentH和KThefriendwhoisremaining",所以G項符合題意。故選G項。

【19題詳解】

分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標(biāo)題。下文

"Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.w

（周年紀(jì)念日和生日對于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀(jì)念日和生日等重要

的日子對于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對應(yīng)的維系異地友誼的方法是A項

"記得重要的日子”，所以A項符合題意。故選A項。

【20題詳解】

設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句"butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—may

requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.w（但是異地友誼甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼

可能需要更加自覺地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說明后

半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項"朋友之間很容易通過社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以

通過社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句"requiremoreconsciouseffortto

sustain"形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應(yīng)了該段的小標(biāo)題"Don，trelyon

technologyalone”（不要僅僅依賴技術(shù)）中的"technology”。故選F項。

語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項。

Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,

there'ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout21someoneelse'sglanceand

makingoneselfunabletobeseen.

However,weallw計nessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably22athiding.

Theyoftencoveronlytheireyesw計htheirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies

23

Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas24asevidencethat

childrenarehopelessly“egocentric”（自我中心的）creatures.Butour25

researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology26thatidea.

Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.

Each27satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor28.We

thenaskedthechildifshecould29orheartheadult.Surprisingly,children

repliedthattheycouldn,t.Thesame30happenedwhentheadultcovered

herownmouth:31childrensaidthattheycouldn't32toher.

Anumberof33ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywere

beingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects34thequestionsand

knew35whatwasaskedofthem.Their36tothequestionsreflected

theirtrue37thatu\canseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.wTheysimply

38mutual（相互的）recognitionandregard.Our39suggestwhenachild

“hides“byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,

childrenconsiderthismethod40whenothersuseit.

21.A.followingB.takingC.escapingD.directing

22.A.cleverB.badC.scaredD.quick

23.A.exposedB.examinedC.untouchedD.imbalanced

24.A.supportedB.guaranteedC.imaginedD.interpreted

25.A.disappointingB.mixedC.surprisingD.desired

26.A.explainedB.confirmedC.contradictedD.tested

27.A.parentB.childC.researcherD.doctor

28.A.feetB.noseC.handsD.ears

29.A.seeB.helpC.reachD.fool

30.A.eventB.thingC.actionD.accident

31.A.YetB.NowC.SoonD.Once

32.A.speakB.listenC.turnD.wave

33.A.instructionsB.descriptionsC.experimentsD.assumptions

34.A.comprehendedB.predictedC.exploredD.

ignored

35.A.partlyB.honestlyC.vaguelyD.exactly

36.A.responsesB.approachesC.contributionD.sensitivity

37.A.abilityB.beliefC.identityD.purpose

38.A.holdbackB.relatetoC.insistonD.makeup

39.A.limitationsB.requirementsC.theoriesD.findings

40.A.tentativeB.impressiveC.creativeD.effective

【答案】

21.C22.B23.A24,D25.C26.C27.B28.D29.A30.B

31.B32.A33.C34.A35.D36.A37.B38.C39.D40.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要通過實驗證明孩子們捉迷藏時，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是

自我中心主義的結(jié)果，而是孩子們堅持相互承認和尊重。

[21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意對他們來說，避開別人的目光，讓自己無法被別人看到，這是一件

非常令人興奮的事情。A.following跟隨;B.taking取走;C.escaping避開；D.directing

指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)上文“Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideand

seek."可知，兒童喜歡玩捉迷藏，避開別人的目光。故選C項。

【22題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們都看到學(xué)齡前兒童非常不善于隱藏。A.clever聰明

的；B.bad不擅長的；C.scared害怕的;D.quick快的。根據(jù)下文"Theyoftencoveronly

theireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodiesw可知，兒童不擅長隱藏，be

badatsth.表示"不擅長某事”。故選B項。

[23題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身體暴露在外。A.exposed

無遮蔽的；B.examined已檢查過的；C.untouched未受影響的；D.imbalanced失衡的。

根據(jù)上文“Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheir

bodies”可知，兒童只是用手遮住了眼睛，