《科技英語》課件

PPTcoursewareforScienceandTechnologyEnglish目錄CONTENTSIntroductiontoScienceandTechnologyEnglishTechnicalEnglishVocabularyGrammarofEnglishforScienceandTechnologyReadingcomprehensionofscientificEnglish目錄CONTENTSTechnicalEnglishWritingTechnicalEnglishListeningandSpeakingTraining01CHAPTERIntroductiontoScienceandTechnologyEnglishDefinitionScienceandTechnologyEnglish(STEM)isavariantofEnglishusedtodescribeprofessionaltermsandexpressionsusedinthefieldsofscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.CharacteristicsPossessingprofessionalism,rigor,andprecision,usingspecificvocabularyandgrammaticalstructurestoconveycomplexconceptsandinformationinthefieldsofscienceandtechnology.Definitionandcharacteristics010203PromotingInternationalExchangeScienceandTechnologyEnglishisthemainlanguageofcommunicationinthefieldofinternationalscienceandtechnology,whichfacilitatescross-borderandcrossdisciplinarycooperationandexchange.EnhancingprofessionalcompetitivenessMasteringScienceandTechnologyEnglishcanenhanceanindividual'scompetitivenessintheworkplace,especiallyinthefieldsofscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.PromotingtechnologicalprogressScienceandtechnologyEnglishisanimportanttoolfordisseminatingnewideas,discoveries,andinnovativeachievements,whichhelpstopromotethedevelopmentandprogressofscienceandtechnology.TheImportanceofScientificEnglish010203AcademicresearchIntheacademiccommunity,scientificandtechnicalEnglishiswidelyusedforpaperpublication,academicexchange,andresearchreportwriting.TechnicaldocumentationIntheindustry,scientificandtechnicalEnglishisusedtowritetechnicalmanuals,operationmanuals,andproductdescriptions.SciencepopularizationanddisseminationScienceandtechnologyEnglishisalsousedforthetranslationandwritingofsciencepopularizationworks,todisseminatescientificandtechnologicalknowledgetothepublic.TheapplicationfieldsofscientificEnglish02CHAPTERTechnicalEnglishVocabularyCommontechnicalvocabularyAnumericalmethodforanalyzingthebehaviorofcomplexsystemsbydividingthemintosmallelementsFineElementAnalysis(FEA)Theprocessofselectinganappropriatetechnologyandconvertingitintoanengineeringdrawing,blueprint,orotherrepresentationEngineeringDesignTheuseofcomputerstoassistinthecreation,modification,analysis,oroptimizationofengineeringdesignsComputerAidedDesign(CAD)PrototypeAscaleddownorpreliminaryversionofaproductthatisusedtotestandrefineitsdesignbeforefullscaleproductionVirtualReality(VR)AcomputergeneratedsimulationofathreedimensionalenvironmentthatcanbeinterconnectedwithusingspecialelectronicequipmentMilestoneAsignificanteventorachievementinthedevelopmentofaprojectorproductthatmarksitsprogress010203Explanationofprofessionalterms03InternetofThings(IoT)Thenetworkofphysicalobjectsthatareembeddedwithsensorsandsoftwaretocollectandexchangedata01ArtisticIntelligence(AI)Thesimulationofhumanintelligenceprocessesthroughmachines,algorithms,andsoftware02MachineLearningAbranchofAIinwhichcomputerslearnfromdatawithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammedEmergingTechnologyVocabularyMnemonicsMemoryaidsthatuserhymes,acronyms,orvisualimagestohelprecallinformationFlashcardsSmallcardswithwordsordefinitionsononesidethatareusedforreviewandmemorizationSpaceRepetitionAtechniqueinwhichinformationisreviewedatincreasingintervalstoreviewlongtermmemoryVocabularymemoryskills03CHAPTERGrammarofEnglishforScienceandTechnologyMasteringcomplexsentencestructuresSummaryStudentsneedtounderstandandmasterthecommoncomplexsentencestructuresinscientificEnglish,suchascompoundsentences,compoundsentences,andlongsentences,inordertomoreaccuratelyunderstandandexpressscientificinformation.DetaileddescriptionAnalysisofcomplexpresencepatternsSummary:UsingpassivevoiceIntechnicalEnglish,theuseofpassivevoiceisverycommonbecauseitemphasizesactionsorfactsthemselvesmorethantheexecutor.Studentsshouldlearntousepassivevoiceinappropriatecontextstomaketheirexpressionsmoreobjectiveandaccurate.TheuseofpassivevoiceTheuseofclaimsMastertheuseofclausesSummarywordClauseplaysanimportantroleinscientificEnglish,astheycanbeusedtodescribecomplexconceptsandrelationships.Studentsneedtomastervarioustypesofclauses,suchasnominalclauses,attributiveclauses,andadverbialclauses,inordertoimprovetheirabilitytoexpressthemselvesinscientificEnglish.DetaileddescriptionGrammarerroranalysisabilitySummarywordStudentsareinevitablypronetogrammarerrorsduringthelearningprocess,soitisnecessarytocultivatesensitivityandanalyticalskillstowardsgrammarerrors.Byanalyzingcommontypesandcausesofgrammarerrors,studentscanbettercorrecttheirlanguageerrorsandimprovetheaccuracyofscientificEnglishexpression.DetaileddescriptionGrammarerroranalysis04CHAPTERReadingcomprehensionofscientificEnglishTeachingtheskillsofskimmingandscanningSkimmingisafastreadingmethodthatallowsstudentstoquicklyunderstandthemainideaofapassage,whilescanningisamethodofreadingthatallowsstudentstofindspecificinformation要點一要點二TeachingtheskillsofpredictionandinferencePredictionistheabilitytopredictthecontentofthepassagebasedonthetitleorthefirstparagraph,whileinferenceistheabilitytoinferthemeansofthepassagebasedonthegiveninformationReadingskillstrainingIntroductiontoscientificandtechnologicalliteratureThispartintroducesstudentstothecharacteristicsandstylesofscientificandtechnologicalliterature,aswellasthecommonwritingformatsandstructures要點一要點二Readingandunderstandingo…Thispartrequiresstudentstoreadandunderstandavarietyofscientificandtechnologicalarticles,includingjournalarticles,conferencepapers,technicalreports,etcReadingofscientificandtechnologicalliteratureAnalysisofEnglishPatentThispartintroducesstudentstothebasicknowledgeofEnglishpatents,includingpatentapplicationdocuments,patentclaims,patentdrawings,etcIntroductiontoEnglishPatentThispartrequiresstudentstoreadandunderstandEnglishPatentdocuments,includingpatentapplicationdocuments,patentclaims,patentdrawings,etcReadingandunderstandingofEnglishPatentdocumentsReadingcomprehensionexerc…Thispartprovidesstudentswithreadingcomprehensionexercisesbasedonscientificandtechnicalarticles,includingmultiplechoicequestions,trueorfalsequestions,fillintheblanks,etc要點一要點二Readingcomprehensionexerc…ThispartprovidesstudentswithreadingcomprehensionexercisesbasedonEnglishPatentdocuments,includingmultiplechoicequestions,trueorfalsequestions,fillintheblanks,etcReadingcomprehensionexercises05CHAPTERTechnicalEnglishWritingLanguageAccuracyUsepreciselanguageandavoidcolloquialismsorjargonOrganizationEnsurealogicalflowofideas,withclearintroductions,bodies,andconclusionsClarityWriteinaclearandstraightforwardManner,avoidingtechnicallanguagethatmayfusenonexpertsWritingSkillsGuide123SummarizethemainfindingsorpurposeofthepaperTitleProvideabriefoverviewoftheresearch,methods,results,andconclusionsAbstractExplainthebackgroundandsignificanceoftheresearchIntroductionThestructureofscientificpapersMethodsDetaileddescriptionofhowtheresearchwasconductedResultsPresentthefindingsinalogicalandorganizedmanagerDiscussionInterprettheresultsandplacetheminthecontextofexistingknowledgeConclusionSummarizethemainpointsandimplicationsoftheresearchThestructureofscientificpapersWritinganEnglishresumeExperienceHighlightyourpreviousworkexperience,includingpositions,responsibilities,andadmissionsEducationListyourdegrees,certificates,andanyrelevantcourseworkObjectiveStateyourcareergoalsandhowyourqualificationsfitthosegoalsSkillsListanytechnicalorprofessionalskillsyouhavethatarerelevanttothejobyouareapplyingforPersonalInterestsIncludeanyhobbiesorpersonalintereststhatmakeyouawellroundedcandidatePracticeRegularlywriteinEnglishtoimproveyourfluencyandaccuracyFeedbackSeekfeedbackfromnativespeakersorteacherstoidentifyandcorrectcommonmissesWritingPracticeandCommentary06CHAPTERTechnicalEnglishListeningandSpeakingTrainingListeningskillstrainingThroughlisteningskillstraining,studentscanmasterhowtoquicklyunderstandkeyinformationinEnglishlisteningmaterials,includingpredictinganswers,locatingkeyinformation,andscreeningirrelevantinformation.ListeningstrategytrainingTeachstudentshowtochooseappropriatelisteningstrategiesbasedondifferentlisteningtasksandscenarios,suchaspredictinganswers,locatingkeyinformation,andscreeningirrelevantinformation.ListeningmaterialselectionChooseauthenticandtechnologyrelatedEnglishlisteningmaterials,suchastechnologynews,academiclectures,andtechnologyforums,tohelpstudentsbetterunderstandandapplyEnglishlisteningskillsandstrategies.Listeningskillstraining要點三ListeningtoEnglishlecturesBylisteningtoEnglishlectures,studentscanlearnaboutthelatesttechnologicalprogressandresearchachievements,whileimprovingtheirEnglishlisteningskills.要點一要點二LectureNotesTrainingTeachstudentshowtotakelecturenotes,includingskillssuchashowtofilterkeyinformation,howtoorganizenotes,andhowtoreviewnotes.LecturediscussionandinteractionEncouragestudentstoparticipateinpostlecturediscussionsandinteractiveactivitiestoimprovetheiroralexpressionandcommunicationskills.要點三ListeningtoEnglishlectures010203EnglishreporttrainingThroughEnglishreporttraining,studentscanlearnhowtoexpresstheiropinionsandresearchresultsclearlyandaccuratel