克拉克的55條班規(guī)(經(jīng)典中英文版)

克拉克的55條班規(guī)(經(jīng)典中英文版)《優(yōu)秀是教出來(lái)的》的作者克拉克老師年僅二十八歲，是全美最正確教師獎(jiǎng)得主，是唯一被美國(guó)總統(tǒng)接見(jiàn)過(guò)三次的小學(xué)老師，已榮獲“全美最正確教師獎(jiǎng)”。他教過(guò)的學(xué)校，學(xué)生都來(lái)自最貧困的家庭，學(xué)校的資源也不豐富。但憑著他的熱情與本書所介紹的“根本五十五條”，只要被他教過(guò)的學(xué)生，成績(jī)一定會(huì)突飛猛進(jìn)，氣質(zhì)也會(huì)變得彬彬有禮。〔下面是其中一局部，一局部不符合我們國(guó)家的沒(méi)有選，有興趣的可以到網(wǎng)上查詢。〕1、與大人應(yīng)對(duì)，要有禮貌，有分寸；Rule1Whenrespondingtoanyadult,youmustanswerbysaying“Yesma’am”or“Nosir.”Justnoddingyourheadorsayinganyotherformofyesornoisnotacceptable.2、與人互動(dòng)，眼睛要看著對(duì)方的眼睛；Rule2Makeeyecontact.Whensomeoneisspeaking,keepyoureyesonhimorheratalltimes.Ifsomeonemakesacomment,turnandfacethatperson.3、別人有好表現(xiàn)，要替他快樂(lè)；Rule3Ifsomeoneintheclasswinsagameordoessomethingwell,wewillcongratulatethatperson.Clapsshouldbeatleastthreesecondsinlengthwiththefullpartofbothhandsmeetinginamannerthatwillgivetheappropriateclapvolume.(要對(duì)游戲獲勝者或把某事做得特別出色的人表示祝賀。鼓掌至少持續(xù)３秒鐘，兩個(gè)手掌充分接觸，以便掌聲足夠響。

“一個(gè)老師面隊(duì)全班37名學(xué)生，要想關(guān)注所有的學(xué)生、表?yè)P(yáng)所有值得鼓勵(lì)的事，這幾乎是不可能的，而讓同學(xué)們彼此之間相互鼓勵(lì)就容易多了?！薄慈思叶鄷?huì)“偷懶”。這個(gè)老師在公布學(xué)生成績(jī)的時(shí)候，搞的也象國(guó)外重大比賽發(fā)獎(jiǎng)一樣，大聲、高聲、長(zhǎng)聲，特刺激、特煽動(dòng)。孩子們都能從中獲得無(wú)窮的快樂(lè)和動(dòng)力?！皩W(xué)生們整天盼望著這樣的時(shí)刻?！?4、尊重別人的發(fā)言與想法；Rule4Duringdiscussions,respectotherstudents’comments,opinions,andideas.Whenpossible,makestatementslike,“IagreewithJohn,andIalsofeelthat…”or“IdisagreewithSarah.ShemadeagoodpointIfeelthat…”or“IthinkVictormadeanexcellentobservation,anditmademerealize…”

(很多時(shí)候“我們不同意別人的觀點(diǎn)，可又苦于沒(méi)有一種很輕松的氣氛能讓我們把滿腦子的想法自由地表達(dá)出來(lái)?！薄皳?dān)憂一旦自己的想法自由地表達(dá)出來(lái)，別人會(huì)怎么看，自己會(huì)不會(huì)遭到嘲笑、貶低和忽略。”克拉克先生的方法是：“在討論問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，要對(duì)其他同學(xué)的評(píng)論、觀點(diǎn)和想法表示尊重。要盡可能地這樣說(shuō)：“我同意約翰的觀點(diǎn)，同時(shí)我也感到……”“我不同意沙拉的看法，盡管她抓住了問(wèn)題的核心，但我覺(jué)得……”或者“我認(rèn)為維可多的觀察真是太精彩了，它讓我意識(shí)到……

簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，就是：尊重別人，注意講話技巧。核心是要懂得尊重人。而“尊重人”，那么是個(gè)大原那么、大觀念了。它可以說(shuō)含概了前面詳細(xì)提到的所有教育細(xì)節(jié)。我認(rèn)為，教育孩子時(shí)，要注意大原那么的把握。大原那么把握了，其他細(xì)節(jié)會(huì)很自然地理解、領(lǐng)悟。心里有了強(qiáng)烈的尊重他人的觀念，在做事的細(xì)節(jié)上就會(huì)“本該如此”。感悟到“大觀念”是重要，可是簡(jiǎn)單的、一味的向孩子反復(fù)灌輸“要尊重人”，孩子能明白嗎？也許我們傳統(tǒng)的教育太重大道理而無(wú)視了具體細(xì)節(jié)，而這些細(xì)節(jié)看起來(lái)亂七八糟的小節(jié)，也許正是對(duì)我們最有幫助的。)5、自己有什么好表現(xiàn)，不要炫耀，輸給別人也不要生氣；Rule5Ifyouwinordowellatsomething,donotbrag.Ifyoulose,donotshowanger.Instead,saysomethinglike,“Ireallyenjoyedthecompetition,andIlookforwardtoplayingyouagain,”or“goodgame,”ordon’tsayanythingatall.Toshowangerorsarcasm,suchas“Iwasn’tplayinghardanyway”or“Youreallyaren’tthatgood,”showsweakness.6、如果別人問(wèn)你問(wèn)題，你也回問(wèn)他問(wèn)題；Rule6Ifyouareaskedaquestioninconversation,youshouldaskaquestioninreturn.Me:“Didyouhaveaniceweekend?”You:“Yes,Ihadagreattime.MyfamilyandIwentshopping.Whataboutyou?Didyouhaveaniceweekend?”Itisonlypolitetoshowothersthatyouarejustasinterestedinthemastheyareinyou.7、打噴嚏、咳嗽或者打嗝都要說(shuō)對(duì)不起；Rule7“Whenyoucoughorsneezeorburp,itisappropriatetoturnyourheadawayfromothersandcoveryourmouthwiththefullpartofyourhand.Usingafistisnotacceptable.Afterward,youshouldsay,“Excuseme.”8、不可以有不禮貌的小動(dòng)作；Rule8“Donotsmackyourlips,tsk,rollyoureyes,orshowdisrespectwithgestures.”9、別人送你任何東西，都要說(shuō)謝謝；Rule9“AlwayssaythankyouwhenIgiveyousomething.Ifyoudonotsayitwithin3secondsafterreceivingtheitem,Iwilltakeitback.Thereisnoexcusefornotshowingappreciation.”10、接到獎(jiǎng)品和禮物，不可以嫌棄；Rule10“Whenyouaregivensomethingfromsomeone,neverinsultthatpersonbymakingnegativecommentsaboutthegiftorbyinsinuatingthatitwasn’tappreciated”11、用小小的貼心，為別人制造驚喜；Rule11“Surpriseothersbyperformingrandomactsofkindness.Goourofyourwaytodosomethingsurprisinglykindandgenerousforsomeoneatleastonceamonth.”12、改同學(xué)試卷時(shí)要特別謹(jǐn)慎；Rule12“Occasionallywemaygradeeachother’spapersasagroup.Whengradingotherstudents’papers,ifyougivesomeoneanincorrectgrade,whetheritishigherorlowerthantheydeserve,theamountthegradediffersfromtheactualgradewillbedeductedfromyourpaper.Theonlymarksyouareallowedtomakeonothers’papersarean“X”andthenumbertheygotincorrect.”

“給其他同學(xué)的試卷判分時(shí)，如果比實(shí)際分?jǐn)?shù)高了或低了，高出或低出的分?jǐn)?shù)將在你本人的試卷中扣除?！?/p>

13、全班一起念課文時(shí)，要看著正念的一字一句；Rule13“Whenwereadtogetherinclass,youmustfollowalong.IfIcallonyoutoread,youmustknowexactlywhereweareandbegintoreadimmediately”“每當(dāng)給孩子們念書的時(shí)候，我會(huì)感情飽滿、精力充分、表現(xiàn)力豐富地去讀，我會(huì)全身心地進(jìn)入角色。”克拉克先生還根據(jù)角色不斷變換各種嗓音，做各種動(dòng)作?！斑@種方法使整個(gè)閱讀的過(guò)程充滿了樂(lè)趣，同時(shí)也告訴孩子們，閱讀是件多么令人著迷的事情。”“如果我看到那個(gè)學(xué)生在我們讀書的時(shí)候眼睛每盯著那一頁(yè)，或者我叫一個(gè)學(xué)生接著讀，他卻不知道我們剛剛讀到哪里了，那么這個(gè)學(xué)生的名字就會(huì)被記在黑板上?！绷?xí)慣成自然，以后孩子們集中注意力的能力會(huì)很高的吧。

14、以完整的句子答復(fù)所有的問(wèn)題；Rule14“Answerallquestionswithacompletesentence.Forexample,ifthequestionasks,“WhatisthecapitalofRussia?”youshouldrespondbywriting,“ThecapitalofRussiaisMoscow.”Also,inconversationwithothers,itisimportanttousecompletesentencesoutofrespectfortheperson’squestion.Forexample,ifapersonasks,“Howareyou?”insteadofjustrespondingbysaying,“Fine,”youshouldsay,“I’mdoingfine,thankyou.Howaboutyourself?”第一復(fù)述問(wèn)題并給出答案，第二給出主要理由，第三展開說(shuō)明進(jìn)理由，最后重復(fù)問(wèn)題并給出答案結(jié)束。克拉克先生要求學(xué)生用這樣的方式答復(fù)下列問(wèn)題，鍛煉學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力合寫作能力。15、不要主動(dòng)討?yīng)勂罚籖ule15“Attimesthroughouttheyear,Iwillgiverewardsforgoodbehavior,academicperformancesandotheractsworthyofpraise.Ifyoueveraskmeforareward,however,itwillnotbegiven.Itisrudetoaskifyouaregettingsomethingforgoodbehavior.Youshouldbegoodandtryyourbestbecauseyouaretryingtobetteryourself,notbecauseyouareanticipatingareward.Iusuallygivesomesortofrewardtoeveryonewhoscores100onunittests.Ifyoumake100andaskifyouaregettingsomething,noonewhomade100willbegivenanything.”克拉克先生經(jīng)常好學(xué)生發(fā)些獎(jiǎng)品，但成績(jī)好的學(xué)生索要獎(jiǎng)品時(shí)，他會(huì)堅(jiān)決拒絕。“我努力讓他們知道，盡力做好每件事不是為了獎(jiǎng)品，而是為了他們自己?！薄皫椭⒆觽冏罱K學(xué)會(huì)肯定自我?jiàn)^斗的價(jià)值?！?6、每天都要作完作業(yè)；Rule16“Homeworkwillbeturnedineachdayforeachsubjectbyeverystudentwithnoexceptions.”克拉克先生的高招是：“在教室外貼了一條巨大的橫幅”，上面寫著：“全班所有同學(xué)連續(xù)完成全部家庭作業(yè)___天”。當(dāng)孩子們連續(xù)完成超過(guò)10天，克拉克先生就開始給孩子們做好吃的小點(diǎn)心。孩子們最長(zhǎng)是連續(xù)62天，克拉克先生說(shuō)他都成了“廚爺”了。真是夠瘋狂的，那年克拉克先生的學(xué)生們成績(jī)跟做了火箭一樣狂漲。

17、做什么事都要有條理；Rule17“Youwillmakeeveryefforttobeasorganizedaspossible.”“Whenweareintransitionfromonesubjecttotheother,thechangewillbeswift,quietandorderly.Weshouldbeconsistentlyabletoturnfromonebooktoanother,completewithallhomeworkandnecessarymaterials,asquicklyaspossible.Theopportuneamountoftimetospendintransitionshouldbelessthantenseconds,andwewillworktowardagoalofsevenseconds.”為了幫助孩子們變得有條理，克拉克老師在假期里去商店買回了一套他希望孩子們?nèi)耸忠环莸挠镁?，能裝下筆記本的大架子、活頁(yè)紙、筆記本、尺等等。克拉克老師把買到的所有物品擺放在地板上拍照，并列好明細(xì)清單，在開學(xué)前3個(gè)星期給每個(gè)學(xué)生發(fā)了一份照片和信。開學(xué)時(shí)，克拉克老師仔細(xì)檢查每位同學(xué)的用品，告訴他們每件東西什么時(shí)候用，在上面貼上標(biāo)簽，還給孩子們做示范等等等等后來(lái)孩子們自然變得非常有條理，克拉克老師領(lǐng)悟到，其實(shí)孩子很喜歡條理化。另外，值得一提的是，克拉克老師每年都問(wèn)他以前的學(xué)生，他們的新老師對(duì)他們?cè)诎嗌系谋憩F(xiàn)有哪些看法。這樣克拉克老師就可以從側(cè)面了解自己的教學(xué)有哪些缺乏，有哪些成功。多么有心的好老師啊！

18、老師在指定作業(yè)的時(shí)候，不要叫苦；Rule18“WhenIassignhomework,thereistobenomoaningorcomplaining.Thiswillresultinadoubledassignment.”如果誰(shuí)違反了，他就必須做兩倍的作業(yè)。克拉克堅(jiān)持這個(gè)嚴(yán)厲的懲罰，就是為了讓孩子以積極進(jìn)取的心態(tài)接受必須的完成的任務(wù)?？死死蠋熣J(rèn)為：與其讓布置的每一項(xiàng)作業(yè)〔或必須完成的任務(wù)〕都被抱怨、每一件應(yīng)該完成的工作都充滿了逆反情緒，還不如讓他們做幾次雙倍的作業(yè)，從此以后在接受作業(yè)〔和任務(wù)〕的時(shí)候再也不會(huì)抱怨和發(fā)牢騷。19.就餐時(shí)不準(zhǔn)占座位Rule19“Donotsaveseatsinthelunchroom.Ifsomeonewantstositdown,lethimorher.Donottrytoexcludeanyone.Weareafamily,andwemusttreatoneanotherwithrespectandkindness.”20、別的老師來(lái)代課，也要守班規(guī)；Rule20“Whileyouarewithasubstituteteacher,youwillobeythesamerulesthatyoufollowwhenIamwithyou.(Iknowthisishard,butitisimportant.)”這個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)的目的是為了培養(yǎng)孩子“無(wú)論有沒(méi)有老板在身邊，他們工作都是為了自己”，也就是培養(yǎng)自覺(jué)性?？死藶榇俗隽撕芏嗯Γ嗫谄判牡慕虒?dǎo)；殺一儆百；為了保證教學(xué)質(zhì)量，事先做講課錄像，并在錄像的制作中加很多技巧。

21、課堂上發(fā)言，或起身，應(yīng)該講規(guī)矩；Rule21“Wewillfollowcertainclassroomprotocols.Wewillbeorganized,efficient,andontask.Inordertodoso,wewillfollowtheserules:

1.Donotgetoutofyourseatwithoutpermission.Exception:Ifyouaresick,leaveimmediately.

2.Donotspeakunless:Youraiseyourhand,andIcallonyou.

Iaskyouaquestionandyouareresponding.

Itisarecessoflunch.

Iinstructyouotherwise(forexample,duringgroupwork).”22.上課喝水吃東西不要打攪到老師講課Rule22“Youmaybringabottleofwaterandleaveitonyourdesk.DonotaskmeifyoucangetwaterwhileIamteachingalesson.Youcanevenhavefoodatyourdeskaslongasothersdon’tseeitandIdon’thearyoueatit.”23、見(jiàn)到每個(gè)老師，都要說(shuō)某某老師好；Rule23"Quicklylearnthenameofotherteachersintheschoolandgreetthembysayingthingslike,"GoodmorningMrs.Graham,"or"GoodafternoonMs.Ortiz.Thatisaveryprettydress."(Note:Ifyouareinlinewiththerestofclass,youarenotallowedtospeaktotheteachersatthattimebecausetheno-talkingruleisineffect.Youshouldspeaktootherteachersifyouareenteringorleavingtheschool,onrecess,onanerrand,orchangingclasses.)克拉克老師要求孩子們“要迅速記住全校老師的名字”，并在遇到的時(shí)候打招呼，同時(shí)還沒(méi)忘記強(qiáng)調(diào)排隊(duì)走路的時(shí)候除外，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)有“不許講話”的紀(jì)律。克拉克老師希望學(xué)生們培養(yǎng)起良好的社交習(xí)慣，以便進(jìn)入社會(huì)后“能主動(dòng)了解周圍的同事或鄰居”，“并努力做到善意、有禮貌地對(duì)待別人?！?4、注意洗手間的衛(wèi)生，把身邊的病原減少到最少；Rule24"Flushthetoiletandwashyourhandsafterusingtherestroom.Wheninapublicrestroom,getapapertowelbeforewashingyourhands.Afterwashingyourhands,usethepapertoweltoturnoffthefaucetsandtopressthedispensertogetanotherpapertoweltodryyourhands.(Orusethetoweltopressthebuttontostartthedryer.)Thelastthingyouwanttodoistouchareaswithcleanhandsthatothershavetouchedwithdirtyhands."25、讓客人有賓至如歸的感覺(jué)；Rule25"Wewilloftenhavevisitorstoourschool.Ifsomeoneiscomingtovisitourclass,Iwillsendtwostudentstothefrontdoorofthebuilding.Youwillhaveasignwelcomingtheperson.Whenourvisitorarrives,youwillshakehands,tellhimorherwhoyouare,andwelcomethepersontoourschool.Youwillthentakethevisitoronasmalltourofthebuildingbeforebringinghimorhertotheclassroom."“如果有人要參觀我們教室，我會(huì)派兩名學(xué)生在教學(xué)樓前等候，并舉著一個(gè)歡送牌。當(dāng)我們的參觀者到來(lái)時(shí)，接待者要和他們握手，向他們作自我介紹，并致歡送辭，然后，在帶他們進(jìn)教室之前，先領(lǐng)他們簡(jiǎn)單地參觀一下校園?！比绻沂莵?lái)訪者，我對(duì)如此接待會(huì)感到很新奇、很欣賞、很欣慰。對(duì)孩子只要要求他們這樣做，我認(rèn)為孩子絕對(duì)可以做的到。孩子會(huì)從中學(xué)到些什么呢？

27、同學(xué)受罰的時(shí)候，不要看著他；Rule27“IfIoranyotherteacherinschoolisspeakingtoordiscipliningastudent,donotlookatthatstudent.Youwouldn’twantotherslookingatyouifyouwereintroubleorbeingreprimanded,sodon’tlookatothersinthatsituation.IfyouarethestudentIamtalkingto,donotgetangryorfussatstudentswhoarelookingatyou.LetmeknowandIwillhandlethesituation.”主觀上，特別喜歡這一條，周圍的人很多做不到這一點(diǎn)，家長(zhǎng)首先做不到，孩子們也難。以后我還會(huì)告訴他，不要隨便同情誰(shuí)，不是不善良，而是只要能夠自立，不同情就是尊重。“為了防止為難和因公開展示而引起的憤怒，我要保證孩子們理解和遵守這個(gè)規(guī)矩?！辈蛔雎渚率?、幸災(zāi)樂(lè)禍的事是對(duì)的，我還是那句話“己所不欲，勿施于人?！钡牵蠋熞苍撟⒁獗Ｗo(hù)小孩子的自尊心。

28、對(duì)作業(yè)的問(wèn)題，可以打來(lái)我家，我沒(méi)接的話，你可以留言，但只要留一次就夠了；Rule28"Ifyouhaveaquestionaboutyourhomework,youmaycallme.IfIamnottheretoanswerthephone,pleaseleaveamessageinthefollowingmanner:"Hi,Mr.Clark,thisis_______________.Ineedhelpwiththe_______________homework.Youcancallmebackuntil___:00.Thankyou."Thereisnoneedtoleavethismessagefourteentimes."30、吃完飯，自己的垃圾自己處理；Rule30“Thereareseveralmannersdealingwithfoodthatyoumustfollow:IcallthesemyABC’sofEtiquette.A.Whenyoufirstsitdownforameal,immediatelyplaceyounapkininyourlap.Ifyousilverwareiswrappedinanapkin,unwrapitassoonasyousitdownandplacethenapkinin

yourlap.

B.Whenyouarefinishedeating,placeyournapkinonthetabletotheleftofyourplate.Placeitlooselybesidetheplate.Don’tcrumpleit,becauseyoudon’twanttoseemuntidy.Don’tfoldittooneatly,becauseyoudon’twanttherestauranttothinkyouassumetheyaregoingtouseitagain.Neverleaveyournapkinonyourchair.Thisimpliesthatthenapkinistoodirty

tobeleftonthetable.Also,insomecultures,leavingthenapkinonthechairisknownasawaytosaythatyoudon’tintendtoreturntotherestaurantagain.

C.Neverplaceyouelbowsonthetable.

D.Useonehandtoeat,unlessyouarecuttingorbutteringfood.Neverhaveyourforkinonehandandaglassintheother.

E.Donotlickyourfingers.Thereisanapkinprovidedforthepurposeofcleaningyourfingers.Thereisnoneedtolickyourselfclean.

F.Donotsmackyoulipsorchewnoisily.

G.Donotchewwithyourmouthopen.

H.Donottalkwithyourmouthfull.Sometimespeoplewillplaceahandovertheirmouthandtalkanyway.Don’tdothat.Waituntilyouhaveswallowedyourfoodtospeak.

I.Ifsomethingiscaughtinyourteeth,don’tgoinafterit;waituntilyouareintherestroomtoremoveit.

J.Dnotslurp.

K.Donotplaywithyourfood.

L.Ifyoudropyourfork,napkin,oranythingelseonthefloor,DONOTpickitup.Itisveryrudeandunsanitarytoplacesomethingonthetablethathasbeenonthefloor.Ifyoupickupsomethingthathasdroppedandhandittoawaiter,thenyouwillneedtoexcuseyourselfandwashyourhandsbeforecontinuingwithyourmeal.Thebestwaytohandleasituationwhensomethinghasdroppedontheflooristoaskawaiterforareplacement;leavetheoldoneonthefloor.

M.Youaretouseyourutensilsforeatingalmosteverything.Herearetentypesoffoodyoumayuseyourhandstoeat:

1.Pizza

2.Bacon

3.Cookies

4.Bread(Alwaystearoffabite-sizedpiecetoeat.Ifyouaregoingtousebutter,neverbutterthewholepieceofbread;butterthepieceyoutoreoff,andeatthatbeforetearinganotherpiece.)

5.Cornonthecob(Itisappropriatetoeatacrossinsteadofeatingaround.)

6.Hotdogs,hamburgers,andsandwiches(includingbreakfastbiscuits)

7.Frenchfriesandchips

8.Friedchicken

9.Asparagus(yes,asparagus)

10.Smallfruits(likegrapesonastem),apples,oranges,carrots,etc.

N.Neverreachoversomeone’splatetogetsomething.Youshouldsay,“Willyoupleasepassthesalt?”

O.Neverstarteatingoffofyourtrayuntilyouareatyourseat.

P.Whenweareeatingatarestaurant,youarenottobegineatinguntileveryoneatthetablehasreceivedfood.

Q.Youshouldnevercomplainifthelineistoolong,thefoodisn’tgood,orifthereisawait.Youdon’twanttobenegativetothepointwhereyouspoiltheenjoymentoftheeventforothers.

R.Ifyouareunsurewhichsilverwaretouse,simplystartwiththefork,knifeorspoonthatisthefarthestfromyourplate.Ontheleft,youwillhaveyoursaladforkontheoutsideandyour

dinnerforkontheinside.Onthefarright,youwillhaveyoursoupspoon.Besideityouwillhavethespoonyouwillusetostiryourcoffeeortea,thenyoursaladknife,andthenyourdinnerknife.Theutensilsaboveyourplatearetobeusedfordessert.

S.Whenyouarefinishedeating,donotpushyourplateawayfromyou.Leaveitwhereitisinthesetting.Ifyouwanttoshowyouhavefinishedeating,youshouldlayyourforkandknifetogetherdiagonallyacrosstheplate.Youshouldplacetheforkwiththetinesdown,andyoushouldhavethesharpsideoftheknifefacingdown.Ofthetwoutensils,thefork

shouldbeclosesttoyou.

T.Neverplaceapieceofsilverwarethatyouhaveusedbackonthetable.Leaveitonaplateorsaucer.

U.Ifyoudidn’tuseautensil,donotplaceitonaplateorsaucerwhenyouarefinished.Justleaveitwhereitis.

V.Alwayslookawaiterintheeyeswhenyouareordering,askingaquestion,orsayingthankyou.

W.Makeapointtorememberthewaiter’snamewhenheintroduceshimselftoyou.Usehisnameasoftenaspossiblethroughoutthecourseofthemeal.

X.Ifyouhavetogototherestroom,youshouldstandupandsay,“Excuseme,”asyouleavethetable.

Y.Whenyouareoffereddessertsoraskedaquestionsuchas“Whatsideswouldyoulike?”or“Whatdressingwouldyoulikeforyoursalad?”itisbesttoask,“Whataremyoptions?”That

way,youaren’tgoingthroughaprocessofnamingthingstherestaurantmightnothave.

Z.Nevertalktowaitersorwaitressesasiftheyareservants.Treatthemwithrespectandkindness,andremember,theyaretheoneswhoarefixingfoodandbringingittoyou.Youdonotwanttobeonthebadsideofawaiter.”克拉克老師要求他的學(xué)生們吃晚飯要把桌子擦干凈，掉在地上的要撿起來(lái)仍到垃圾筒里，還要檢查垃圾箱周圍有沒(méi)有垃圾并清理干凈。克拉克老師還要求孩子看到別人亂丟的垃圾也要揀起來(lái)，經(jīng)常獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)揀垃圾的孩子，也經(jīng)常公布不揀垃圾的孩子。為此花了一年的時(shí)間才根本培養(yǎng)好了一個(gè)班的孩子。

31.不要隨處亂扔垃圾Rule31“Afterweeat,wewillcleanupafterourselves.Thisincludecleaningoffthetablesandmakingsurewehaven’tleftanytrashonthefloororaroundtheeatingarea.Itisimportanttoberesponsibleforyourtrashnomatterwhereyouareandtobesurenottolitter.”32.住旅館要對(duì)好的效勞給予評(píng)價(jià)和適當(dāng)?shù)男≠M(fèi)Rule32"Whenwestayinahotelroom,itisappropriatetoleaveatiponthepillowforthehotelworkerswhoareresponsibleforcleaningtheroomafterourstay.Twotothreedollarspernightisanappropriateamount,dependingonthecostoftheroom."坐車要有禮貌，不講話，不胡亂粘東西“Whenwerideonabus,wewillalwayssitfacingforward.Wewillneverturnaroundtotalktootherstudents,stickanythingoutofthewindows,orgetoutofourseats.Whenweexitthebus,wewillalwaysthankthebusdriverandtellhimtohaveagoodday.”33、認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友，要記住對(duì)方的名字；Rule33"Whenwegoonfieldtrips,wewillmeetdifferentpeople.WhenIintroduceyoutopeople,makesurethatyouremembertheirnames.Then,whenweareleaving,makesuretoshaketheirhandsandthankthem,mentioningtheirnamesasyoudoso."克拉克先生有意訓(xùn)練孩子們這項(xiàng)技能，立下了一些有助于記住人家名字的規(guī)矩：介紹后要起立握手，并稱呼人家的名字問(wèn)好；交談中盡量多重復(fù)人家的名字；分手時(shí)要再次重復(fù)他們的名字。34.吃東西，只取夠自己的份，不能搶占別人的Rule34"Wheneveryouareofferedfood,whetheritbeonabuffetortreatsinclass,nevertakemorethanyourfairshare.Youneverwanttobegreedyandtrytogetmorethanyoushould,notonlybecauseitiswasteful,butalsobecauseitisdisrespectfultootherswhenyoudonotleaveenoughforthem."35、別人掉東西，請(qǐng)彎腰去幫他撿；Rule35"Whetherweareinschooloronafieldtrip,ifsomeonedropssomething,pickitupandhanditbacktothem.Eveniftheyareclosertotheobject,itisonlypolitetomakethegestureofbendingdowntoretrievetheitem."36、進(jìn)門時(shí)，如果后面有人，扶住門請(qǐng)別人先走；Ruel36“Ifyouapproachadoorandsomeoneisfollowingyou,holdthedoor.Ifthedooropensbypulling,pullitopen,standtotheside,andallowtheotherpersontopassthroughitfirst,thenyoucanwalkthrough.Ifthedooropensbypushing,holdthedooropenafteryoupushthrough."如果開門的時(shí)候需要拉的話，你就拉開門，自己站在一邊，讓別人先過(guò)去，然后你再走過(guò)去；如果開門的時(shí)候需要推門，你就在自己走過(guò)去后用手扶住門，別松手。

克拉克老師認(rèn)為，教孩子一些小小的善意舉止雖然看起來(lái)微缺乏道，但對(duì)孩子們了解如何尊重和重視別人大有裨益。克拉克老師教孩子的時(shí)候非常注意細(xì)節(jié)，如扶門時(shí)站的位置、扶多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、說(shuō)點(diǎn)什么等等更加細(xì)節(jié)的東西。

37、別人碰到你，不管有沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，都要說(shuō)聲對(duì)不起；Rule37Whenneversomebodyelsebumpsintoyou,youshouldsaysorrythoughsometimesitseemsyouarenotaffendedthough.Inthisway,youcanshowyourabsolutelygoodquality.克拉克老師說(shuō)：在學(xué)校里，一次輕微的碰撞，也能導(dǎo)致第三次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)?，F(xiàn)在的孩子誰(shuí)讓著誰(shuí)啊？有些大人都會(huì)因?yàn)檫@些而爭(zhēng)吵?？死讼壬倪@條規(guī)那么，不但很好地阻止了事態(tài)向不良方向開展，而且使孩子們顯得彬彬有禮?？死死蠋煂?duì)禮貌是非常重視的，在孩子乘坐飛機(jī)之前，他親自在教室里把椅子擺成飛機(jī)過(guò)道的樣子，訓(xùn)練孩子們。

38、進(jìn)行校外教學(xué)時(shí)，無(wú)論到哪一個(gè)公共場(chǎng)所，都要安安靜靜；Rule38keepingveryquietwhentakingaclassoutsideoftheclassroomorinapublicplace“有時(shí)候，人們做了什么好事不一定都能給他人留下印象，尤其是他做這件好事的時(shí)候其實(shí)周圍根本沒(méi)人，他做好事是出自本心，而不是給別人看，這就更值得你敬重了?！睂?duì)孩子的細(xì)節(jié)教育，學(xué)校的老師做了很多，但仍有很多細(xì)節(jié)是難以顧及的，我們家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該在生活中言傳身教，盡可能多地把握教育孩子的時(shí)機(jī)。39、去參觀別人的地方，要不吝于贊美；Rule39"Ifweareonafieldtrip,itisagoodideatocomplimentsomethingabouttheplacewhereyouarevisiting.Forexample,ifwevisitsomeone'shome,itwouldbeanicegesturetotellthemthatyouthinktheyhavenicecurtains.Peoplearealwaysself-consciouswhentheyhaveguestsvisittheirhome,soyouwanttomakethemfeelatease.Also,ifwearevisitingotherplaces,suchasamuseumortheater,itwouldbenicetocommentonhowbeautifulthearchitectureis

ortotelltheguidethatyouthinkthefacilityisverynice."這看似是一種對(duì)主人的尊重，如果形成習(xí)慣，也可能形成一種樂(lè)觀的生活態(tài)度吧？克拉克老師認(rèn)為孩子們應(yīng)該有這樣的風(fēng)度，所以在外出前專門對(duì)孩子們進(jìn)行這方面的訓(xùn)練，這是把握課外時(shí)機(jī)對(duì)孩子的培養(yǎng)。從克拉克老師的年齡和經(jīng)歷來(lái)看，如果不教學(xué)生，他自己也很難如此“紳士”吧？40、全校師生開會(huì)的時(shí)候，不要講話；Rule40“Duringanassembly,donotspeakandDONOTlookaroundandtrytogettheattentionofyourfriendsinotherclasses.Wemustupholdanimagethatshowswehaveoutacttogether!”我們的老師們也很重視紀(jì)律的，經(jīng)常強(qiáng)調(diào)。有趣的是，為了讓學(xué)生知道怎樣保持紀(jì)律，可拉克老師把學(xué)生們叫到禮堂里，坐好，手放在大腿上，眼睛看著前面。然后，克拉克先生不斷地在禮堂的各個(gè)位置出現(xiàn)，喊學(xué)生的名字，扔小紙團(tuán)，想方法騷擾孩子們，看哪個(gè)孩子破壞紀(jì)律。生動(dòng)有趣，用心良苦。

41、接的言談要得體；Rule41“Whenyouanswerthephoneatyourhouse,youmustdosoinanappropriatemanner.”在這一節(jié)里，克拉克先生講了接時(shí)的常規(guī)語(yǔ)言，很簡(jiǎn)單，很得體。說(shuō)實(shí)話，這些簡(jiǎn)單的東西，我做的都不好。但是，看了之后，我知道以后我一定能做到，而且，這么簡(jiǎn)單的東西，教給孩子，孩子掌握起來(lái)應(yīng)該也很容易。雖然是小節(jié)，但孩子真的象書中的那樣打的話，任何一個(gè)大人看了都會(huì)很驚訝，太有教養(yǎng)了！?。?2、一趟校外教學(xué)結(jié)束，要謝謝所有隨行的老師和家長(zhǎng)；Rule42“Whenwereturnfromatrip,youwillshakemyhandaswellasthehandsofeverychaperone.Youwillthankusfortakingthetimetotakeyouonthetrip,andyouwillletusknowthatyouappreciatehavingtheopportunitytogo.Iamnotconcernedwithbeingthanked;Iamconcernedwithteachingyouthatisitappropriatetoshowappreciationwhensomeonehasgoneoutofhisorherwaytohelpyou.“我不在意你是否感謝我，我關(guān)心的是你要學(xué)會(huì)在別人給你提供額外幫助的時(shí)候，你能恰當(dāng)?shù)乇硎靖兄x。”對(duì)于感謝，很多時(shí)候，我們常會(huì)認(rèn)為親近的人的幫助是理所當(dāng)然的，所以就不在意、不感謝，所以就漠然。我要求孩子學(xué)會(huì)感謝，即使是最親近的人，即使是沒(méi)起任何作用的幫助。

43、搭乘電梯時(shí)，要站右邊，請(qǐng)趕時(shí)間的人走左邊；〔可以換成樓梯〕Rule43“Whenweareonfieldtripsandwehavetogoupescalators,wewillstandtotheright.Thatwillgiveotherindividualswhoareinahurrytheoptionofwalkinguptheleft-handsideofthe

escalator.Whenwearegoingtoenteranelevator,thesubway,oradoorway,wewillwaitforotherstoexitbeforeweenter."克拉克教孩子“在自動(dòng)扶梯上，要站在右側(cè)，從左側(cè)走動(dòng)”，“在進(jìn)入電梯、地鐵或地下通道前，要禮讓出去的人先行?！睋?jù)克拉克先生說(shuō)，美國(guó)公共場(chǎng)所的地鐵、電梯、扶梯比擬亂，“缺乏彼此尊重的意識(shí)”。我們也要重視教育孩子尊重他人，否那么必將步其后塵。

44、列隊(duì)行進(jìn)時(shí)不要說(shuō)話；Rule44"Wheninaline;walksinglefile,twotothreefeetbehindthepersoninfrontofyouwithyourarmsatyoursides.Youshouldfaceforwardatalltimes.Therewillbeabsolutelynotalking."克拉克先生上班的第一天，管理的是個(gè)紀(jì)律散漫班級(jí)?？死讼壬蠛⒆觽兣抨?duì)吃飯時(shí)要有秩序，要安靜，如果有一個(gè)孩子多說(shuō)一個(gè)字，全班就多等１分鐘。結(jié)果，在集體等候４５分鐘后，孩子們排著整齊、安靜的隊(duì)伍進(jìn)入食堂。用克拉克先生的話來(lái)說(shuō)，校長(zhǎng)站在門口“吃驚地看著我們發(fā)愣”。真是太帥了??！如果拍電影的話都會(huì)非常有戲劇性?！耙苍S有人會(huì)說(shuō)，這有點(diǎn)太軍事化了，但是我認(rèn)為孩子們其實(shí)喜歡這么排隊(duì)，他們會(huì)為自己能把隊(duì)排得這么好看而感到驕傲?！辈恢垃F(xiàn)在的孩子會(huì)怎么想，反正我小時(shí)侯會(huì)有這種感覺(jué)?？死死蠋熞蠛⒆觽?cè)谂艃申?duì)進(jìn)門的時(shí)候，“離墻近的那一隊(duì)先進(jìn)，另一隊(duì)要筆直地站在大廳的中央，留在那里等候我的命令，接下來(lái)我會(huì)說(shuō)：“每個(gè)人準(zhǔn)備……行動(dòng)！”所有孩子立刻會(huì)象一個(gè)完整的整體一樣，右腿迅速橫跨一步，靠向墻邊?？吹胶⒆觽?cè)谕豢滩秸{(diào)一致地行動(dòng)，會(huì)令人產(chǎn)生一種感覺(jué)，那就是“酷！”然后我再發(fā)出命令：“進(jìn)入！”他們就整齊地進(jìn)去了。”“你可能認(rèn)為，孩子們一旦被要求不準(zhǔn)出聲、遵守紀(jì)律和保持秩序的話，他們一定會(huì)反感的，但事實(shí)上他們喜歡這樣。在哈萊姆，我們學(xué)校的其他孩子請(qǐng)求他們的老師也讓他們象我們班一樣，排好隊(duì)進(jìn)入教室?！?5、不可以插隊(duì)，但看到別人插隊(duì)時(shí)不可以大呼小叫，讓老師知道就好；Rule45“Nevercutline.Ifsomeonecutsinfrontofyou,donotsayordoanythingaboutit.Letithappen,butletmeknowaboutit.Iwillhandlethesituation.Ifyoufusswithsomeonewhohascutinline,youcouldgetintroubleaswell.It’snotworthit;justletmeknowwhathappened.Pleasehandlealldisputeswithotherclassmatesinthesamemanner,bycomingtomewithanyproblemsbeforeyoutakemattersintoyourownhands."“如果有人插到了你前面，一個(gè)字也不要說(shuō)，隨他去，只要告訴我一聲，我就會(huì)來(lái)處理的。如果你非要和加塞兒的人理論，你也一樣會(huì)有麻煩的，這不值得你這樣做。同學(xué)之間解決任何糾紛，都應(yīng)該在自己著手處理之前，先帶著問(wèn)題來(lái)找我。”學(xué)生們遇到問(wèn)題有兩種選擇：第一，帶著問(wèn)題找我。但大多數(shù)孩子會(huì)選擇第二種。第二，不動(dòng)聲色地自己解決。他們清楚，必須悄悄地解決，否那么我會(huì)因他們不能以恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞教幚韱?wèn)題而懲罰他們。孩子們必須學(xué)會(huì)心平氣和地解決問(wèn)題。

46、看電影時(shí)不要說(shuō)話；

Rule46“Whenwegotoamovietheater,therewillbenotalking."克拉克先生希望孩子們懂得如何文明地觀看電影，從而使很多人看電影的經(jīng)歷成為一種更加愉快的享受。這也是教孩子們學(xué)會(huì)尊重別人。

47、不可以帶玩具到學(xué)校來(lái)；Rule47"DonotbringDoritosintheschoolbuilding."48、有誰(shuí)欺負(fù)你，讓老師知道