2022屆上海市虹口區(qū)高三一模英語試題 含解析

虹口區(qū)2021學年度第一學期期終學生學習能力診斷測試

高三英語試卷

考生注意：

1.考試時間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分。

2.本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上,

做在試卷上一律不得分。

3.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheend

ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit9read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpapei;anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.

C.Motherandson.D.Employerandemployee.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Joe,whatareyoudoingonyourcomputer?Don'tyourememberyourpromise?

M:Thisisnotagame.Ifsonlyacrosswordpuzzlethathelpsincreasemyvocabulary.

Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Sheisnotfeelingverywelltoday.

B.Shethinksthattheweatherispleasant.

C.Shehasbeenstayingupquitelaterecently.

D.Shehasbeenworkinghardfortoolongatime.

【答案】D

【解析】

［原文】M:Youlookwornout.Areyoufeelingundertheweather?

W:Notatall.ButIhavebeeninthechemistrylabfbrfivehours.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Lucyisnothappywiththebanonpetanimals.

B.Lucymightaswellsendherdogtoherrelative.

C.Lucywon'tbeabletokeepadoginthebuilding.

D.Lucyshouldgetridofherpetassoonaspossible.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Lucyisgoingtogetalittledogfromoneofherrelatives.

M:Really?ButIhearherapartmentisabouttoplaceabanonpetanimals.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutPaul?

A.Heislikelytohelp.

B.Hehasalreadyaskedforhelp.

C.Hewasthelastonetousethecomputer.

D.Hedoesnotknowalotaboutcomputers.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:IthoughtPaulmightbeabletohelpmefigureoutthecomputerprogram.

M:PaulisaboutthelastpersonI'daskifIwereyou.

Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutPaul?

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Hewillcontinuetoworkinthegardenhimself.

B.Theyshouldfinishtheworkassoonaspossible.

C.Heistiredofdoinggardeningonweekends.

D.Theycanhireagardenertodothework.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Ihonestlydon'twanttocontinuethegardeningtomorrow.

M:NeitherdoI.ButIthinkIshouldgetitoverwithinthisweekend.

6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Theywillraisetheissueintheirpresentation.

B.Theywillfindmorerelevantinformationfortheirwork.

C.Theywillmakeuseofwhateverinformationisavailable.

D.Theywillputmoreeffortsintopreparingforthepresentation.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］W:Idon'tthinkwehaveenoughinformationforourpresentation,butwehavetogiveittomorrow.There

doesn'tseemtobemuchwecandoaboutit.

M:Yeah,atthispointwe'Uhavetomakedowithwhatwe'vegot.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?

7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Hedidnottakethesymptomsofhisillnessseriously.

B.Hewasnotawareofhisillnessuntildiagnosedwithit.

C.Heisanxioustofindacureforhishighbloodpressure.

D.Hedoesn'tthinkhighbloodpressureisaproblemforhim.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Howdidyoufeelwhenyoufoundoutyouhadhighbloodpressure?

M:Shocked!Theproblemformewasthattherewerenosymptoms.Itseemedtohavestruckmesuddenly.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Dr.Johnsonmaynotbeagoodchoice.

B.Dr.Johnson'swaitingroomisnottidy.

C.Dr.Johnsonenjoysreadingmagazines.

D.Dr.Johnsonisreallyagooddentist.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］M:Ineedtofindadentist.YousaidyouknowDr.Johnsonwell.Doyourecommendhim?

W:Well,Ihaveseenhimafewtimes,butwhatimpressedmemostwerethemagazinesinhiswaitingroom.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Itisn'tagoodideatobuytheT-shirt.

B.TheprintingonherT-shirthasfaded.

C.Itisn'tinfashiontohavealogoonaT-shirt.

D.SheregretshavingboughtoneoftheT-shirts.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］M:IthinkFilgetoneofthosenewT-shirts,youknow,withtheschoofslogoonboththefrontandback.

W:YbuUlregretit.Theyareexpensive,andFveheardtheprintingfadeseasilywhenyouwashthem.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Hehasbeenbumpingalongforhours.

B.Heistrappedinaterribletrafficjam.

C.Heisinvolvedinaseriousaccident.

D.Hehasgotasharppainintheneck.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］M:Carshadlinedupcartocar.AndI'vebeenheldupontheexpresswayforanhour.

W:Really?Itmustbeapainintheneck.Butbepatient,anyway.Youcandonothingbutwait.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesand

theconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

11.

A.Realartistworksinthepast.

B.Popularityofsecondhandbooks.

C.Arealbargaininlocalbookstores.

D.Anewfashionaboutsecondhandgoods.

12.

A.Theymadefurniturenotformakingmoney.

B.Theysellsecondhandjewelsaswellasfurniture.

C.Theywereseriousaboutmakingfurnitureforfashion.

D.Theydevotedthemselvestocreatingrealartisticworks.

13.

A.Peopleappreciatetherealcraftsoftheoldcraftsmen.

B.Secondhandgoodsareusuallygoodyetnotexpensive.

C.Secondhandstoreswillbecomelessandlessinthefuture.

D.Secondhandgoodsaremorevaluablethanapartmenthouses.

【答案】ll.D12.D13.A

【解析】

【原文】Searchingforsecondhandgoodsisnolongerregardedasashamefulthing.Nowadays,manypeoplein

Shanghaienjoythefunofwanderingaboutthecityintheirsparetimetohuntforsomethingvaluable.Lookingfor

usedgoodshasbecomeafashion.

Inthepast,craftsmenwereseriousaboutmakingfurniture.Sincetheywerenotkeenonseekingwealth,they

couldsettledowntomakerealartisticworks.Nowonderpeoplenowadayslovetheirproducts.Insidersestimatethat

thereareatleast50to60storesinShanghaithatsellusedgoods.Apartfromfurniturestores,businessofstoresthat

sellsecondhandjewelsboomsaswell.

Recently,bookstoresthatsellsecondhandbookshavereappearedinShanghai.Somebooksweremadeduring

thelateQingDynastywhileotherbooksduringthe1980s.Peoplefloodintothesebookstorestolookforbooksthat

aregoodyetnotexpensive.

ManyShanghainese,afterspendingbigmoneyforanexpensiveapartmenthouse,liketodecoratetheirnew

housesinanoldstyle.Thesehousesmightappearmodernfromtheoutside,butonceyouwalkin,youwillfindthatit

isfullofoldthingswithastrongatmosphererelatingtothepast.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

14.

A.Acharacterinapopularanimation.

B.Acutting-edgeappindigitalgames.

C.Ateachingtoolunderdevelopment.

D.Atutorforcomputersciencestudents.

15.

A.Theyencouragethemtogiveimmediatefeedback.

B.Theyusevariouswaystoexplainthematerials.

C.Theyaskthemtodesigntheirownquestions.

D.Theymotivatethemtothinkindependently.

16.

A.Theirsenseofresponsibility.

B.Theiremotionalinvolvement.

C.Thelearningstrategyacquired.

D.Theteachingexperiencegained.

【答案】14.C15.B16.B

【解析】

【原文】Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhotutorothersworkhardertounderstandthematerial,recallitmore

accuratelyandapplyitmoreeffectively.Studentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswhoarelearningonlyfor

theirownsake.Buthowcanchildren,stilllearningthemselves,teachothers?Oneansweristhattheycantutor

youngerkids.

Noweducatorsareexperimentingwithanewwaytoapplythismodeltoacademicsubjects.Thecutting-edge

toolunderdevelopmentisthe“teachableagent“一acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesand

asksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil.ComputerscientistshavecreatedananimatedfigurecalledBetty5sBrain,

whohasbeen“taught“aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschoolstudents.Studentteachersare

motivatedtohelpBettymastercertainmaterials.Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganizetheirknowledgeand

improvetheirownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyidentifyproblemsintheirown

thinking.

Feedbackfromtheteachableagentsfurtherenhancesthetutors5learning.Theagents'questionsobligestudent

tutorstothinkandexplainthematerialsindifferentways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallowsthemtosee

theirknowledgeputintoaction.

Aboveall,it'stheemotionsoneexperiencesinteachingthatfacilitatelearning.Studenttutorsfeelupsetwhen

theirteachableagentsfail,buthappywhenthesevirtualpupilssucceedastheyobtainprideandsatisfactionfrom

someoneelse'saccomplishment.

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

14.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

15.Whatmuststudenttutorsdototeachtheirteachableagents?

16.Whatisthekeyfactorthateasesstudenttutors9learning?

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

17.

A.Theyarebothworriedaboutthenegativeimpactoftechnology.

B.Theydiffergreatlyintheirknowledgeofmoderntechnology.

C.TheydisagreeaboutthefutureofAItechnology.

D.TheyworkindifferentfieldsofAItechnology.

18.

A.Stimulatingandmotivating.

B.SimplywritingAIsoftware.

C.Moredemandingandrequiringspecialtraining.

D.Lesstime-consumingandfocusingoncreation.

19.

A.Therecouldbejobsnobodywantstodo.

B.Digitallifecouldreplacehumancivilization.

C.Humanswouldbetiredofcommunicatingwithoneanother.

D.Oldpeoplewouldbetakencareofsolelybyunfeelingrobots.

20.

A.Itwillbesmarterthanhumanbeings.

B.Chipswillbeinsertedinhumanbrains.

C.Itwilltakeawayhumans'jobsaltogether.

D.Lifewillbecomelikeasciencefictionfilm.

【答案】17.C18.D19.B20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Howdoyoufeelaboutthefutureoftheartificialintelligence?Personally,Ifeelquiteoptimisticaboutit.

M:AI?I'mnotsooptimisticactually.Infact,it'ssomethingweshouldbeconcernedabout.

W:Well,itwillhelpushumansunderstandourselvesbetter.Andwhenwehaveabetterunderstandingofourselves,

wecanimprovetheworld.

M:Well,onethingisforsure,technologyisevolvingfasterthanourabilitytounderstandit.AndinthefutureAIwill

makejobskindofmeaningless.

W:Ithinkartificialintelligencewillactuallyhelpcreatenewkindsofjobs,whichwouldrequirelessofourtimeand

allowustofocusoncreativetasks.

M:Idoubtthatverymuch.ProbablythelastjobthatwillremainwillbewritingAIsoftware.AndtheneventuallyAI

willjustwriteitsownsoftware.

W:Atthattimewearegoingtohavealotofjobs,whichnobodywillwanttodo.Sowewillneedartificial

intelligencefortherobotstotakecareoftheoldguyslikeus.

M:Idon'tknow.There'sariskthathumancivilizationcouldbereplacedbyasuperiortypeofdigitallife.AIwillbe

abletocompletelyimitateapersonineverywaypossible.Infact,somepeoplethinkwe'reinanimitationrightnow.

W:Thafsimpossible.Humanscan'tevenmakeamosquito.Computersonlyhavechips.Peoplehavebrains.And

that'swherethewisdomcomesfrom.

M:Onceit'sfullydeveloped,AIwillbecometiredoftryingtocommunicatewithhumansaswewouldbemuch

slowerthinkersincomparison.

W:Well,Fmnotsosure.Acomputerisacomputerandacomputerisjustatoy.

M:Computerscaneasilycommunicateincrediblyfast.Sothecomputerwilljustgetimpatienttalkingtohumans,and

it'llbebarelygettinganyinformationout.

W:Well,Ibelievethere'sabrightfuturewithALIalsothinkyouwatchtoomanyscience-fictionfilms.

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

17.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeakersfromtheconversation?

18.Whatwillnewkindsofjobsbelikeaccordingtothewoman?

19.Whatistheriskthemanpredicts?

20.Whatistheman'sconcernaboutAItechnology?

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.

Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,use

onewordthatbestfitseachblank.

SomethingtoBoastabout

Areyourinformationdatasafeandreliable?

Inanidealworldsuchdata,howeverinformativeandexploratorytheyare,21ascientificstudyis

basedonshouldbe,ifnotpubliclyavailable,thenatleastavailabletootherresearchers.Sadly,thisisnotalwaysthe

case.

Manyscientistsarestillquiteunwillingtohavetheirdatarevealedthoughattitudesarechanging.Thisattitude,

22selfish,isunderstandable.

Butsometimesitcancoveradarkersecret.Thestatisticspresentedinapapermayhavebeencontrolledto

achieveadesiredresult.Theauthormay,inotherwords,havecheated.Ifhereleasesthedata,thatcheatingwillbe

obvious.

NowSeanWilnerandhiscolleagues23(come)upwithawayofreconstructingallthepossibledata

setsthatcouldhavegivenrisetothatresult,whichincludes24(release)thedata.Andtheycalltheway

CORVIDS(CompleteRecoveryofValuesinDiophantineSystems).

25(simplify)thetaskofspottingabnormaldata,CORVIDSturnsthepossibledatasetsintoa

three-dimensional(三維的)chart.Thismakesanyunusualpatternsapparent.Forexample,every

26(reconstruct)datasetmaybemissingvaluesatoneendofthescale.Thatmightmakesenseoccasionally.

Generally,though,suchagapwouldbearedflag.Itwouldsuggesteitherthatthestatisticswerereportedincorrectly

or27therewereproblemswiththefundamentaldata.

CORVIDSislikelytobe28immediatevaluetoeditorsandreviewersatacademicjournals,whowill

beabletospotproblemswithpapersearly,andsodiscussthemwiththeauthors.Ifanunresolvableproblem

29showup,thenthetechniquecanbeappliedtopreviousworkbytheauthorinquestion,toseeifanything

systematicisgoingon.

Butitsspeedmakesitausefulfirststep.Ifthedatasets30findsdonotshowanystrangepatterns,

CORVIDSisunlikelytoshowoddness,either.

Anyway,thetrustworthinessofscientificpaperswilltakeastepupwithCORVIDS.

【答案】21.as22.though##although

23.havecome

24.releasing

25.Tosimplify

26.reconstructed

27.that28.of

29.does30.it

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。針對許多科研人員不愿意公開他們的數(shù)據(jù)從而容易導致發(fā)表的論文中的數(shù)據(jù)和

結(jié)果不可靠的現(xiàn)象，肖恩?威爾納和他的同事們想出了一種叫做CORVIDS的方法。文章對此方法進行了介

紹和說明。

[21題詳解】

考查定語從句。句意：在一個理想的世界里，這些數(shù)據(jù)，無論其信息量和探索性如何，作為一項科學研究

的基礎(chǔ)，如果不能公開獲得，那么至少也可以提供給其他研究人員。定語從句“ascientificstudyisbasedon”

中缺少介詞。n的賓語，且先行詞data被such修飾，所以應用關(guān)系代詞as引導。故填as。

【22題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：這種態(tài)度雖然自私，但可以理解。根據(jù)selfish和understandable可知，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，

所以此處應用連詞though或although表示“盡管”引導讓步狀語從句，從句中省略了“itis”。故填

though/althougho

【23題詳解】

考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：現(xiàn)在肖恩?威爾納和他的同事們己經(jīng)想出了一種方法來重建所有可能產(chǎn)生這種結(jié)果

的數(shù)據(jù)集，包括發(fā)布數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)后文“AndtheycallthewayCORVIDS”（他們稱之為CORVIDS）可知，此處

是指已經(jīng)想出了一種方法，表示動作發(fā)生在過去但對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響或結(jié)果，所以應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填

havecome。

【24題詳解】

考查動名詞。句意：現(xiàn)在肖恩?威爾納和他同事們已經(jīng)想出了一種方法來重建所有可能產(chǎn)生這種結(jié)果的數(shù)

據(jù)集，包括發(fā)布數(shù)據(jù)。在動詞includes后作賓語應用release的動名詞形式。故填releasing。

【25題詳解】

考查動詞不定式。句意：為了簡化發(fā)現(xiàn)異常數(shù)據(jù)的任務(wù)，CORVIDS將可能的數(shù)據(jù)集轉(zhuǎn)換為三維圖表。

CORVIDS將可能的數(shù)據(jù)集轉(zhuǎn)換為三維圖表的目的是簡化發(fā)現(xiàn)異常數(shù)據(jù)的任務(wù)，所以此處應用todo不定式

表目的。句首首字母應大寫。故填Tosimplify。

【26題詳解】

考查過去分詞。句意：例如，每個重構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)集可能在標度的一端缺失值。名詞data和動詞reconstruct構(gòu)成

被動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)"maybemissingvaluesatoneendofthescale”可知，動作已完成，所以應用過去分詞作

定語。故填reconstructedo

【27題詳解】

考查賓語從句。句意：這可能表明統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)報告不正確，或者基本數(shù)據(jù)存在問題。從句"therewereproblems

withthefundamentaldata”作動詞suggest賓語，為賓語從句，不缺少主語、賓語或表語，也不缺少意義，

所以應用連接詞that引導。故填that,

【28題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：CORVIDS可能對學術(shù)期刊的編輯和審稿人有直接的價值，他們將能夠及早發(fā)現(xiàn)論文中的

問題，并與作者進行討論。根據(jù)"whowillbeabletospotproblemswithpapersearly,andsodiscussthemwith

theauthors”可知，此處是指CORVIDS可能對學術(shù)期刊的編輯和審稿人有直接的價值，應用“of+抽象名

詞”作表語，“of+抽象名詞”相當于形容詞，即“ofvalue”相當于valuable。故填作。

【29題詳解】

考查助動詞。句意：如果一個無法解決的問題的確出現(xiàn)了，那么這項技術(shù)可以應用到有問題的作者之前的

工作中，看看是否有任何系統(tǒng)性的東西正在進行。主語problem為第三人稱單數(shù)，且根據(jù)“thenthetechnique

canbeappliedtopreviousworkbytheauthorinquestion,,可知，此處為一般現(xiàn)在時，所以應用助動詞does強

調(diào)謂語。故填does。

【30題詳解】

考查人稱代詞。句意：如果發(fā)現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)集沒有顯示任何奇怪的模式，那么CORVIDS也不太可能顯示奇怪的

模式。根據(jù)"CORVIDSisunlikelytoshowoddness,either”可知，此處是指CORVIDS發(fā)現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)集，所以

應用人稱代詞it代指CORVIDS。"itfinds”為定語從句，修飾先行詞"thedatasets”,因為關(guān)系代詞在從

句中充當賓語，所以省略了關(guān)系代詞。故填it。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.genuinelyB.pocketC.mass-producedD.seeminglyE.inspiration

F.familiarizeGgroupH.encounterI.customaryJ.symbolicK.motivation

ADeeperMeaningbehindSouvenirs

“Nobodysitsusdownandtellsustocollectobjectswhenwe'reyoung,"writesRolfPotts,"it'sjustsomething

wedo,asawayto31ourselveswiththeworld,itspossibilities,andourplaceinit.”

Fewofuswouldcallourselvescollectors,butmosttravelers32aseashellfromavacation,orbringa

keychain.AsMr.Pottsnotesinabookcalled"Souvenir,thereismoretothis33simplepracticethanmeets

theeye.Foronething,itcandatebacktotheoldestdescribedjourneys,soit'sa34practicethatgoesback

thousandsofyears.Andacademicresearchershaveclassifiedsouvenirs-even35itemslike“ILoveNew

York^^T-shirtsandplasticminiaturesofMichelangelo^David—intovariouscategories,likelyunknowntomany

travelers.

Whichcategoriesdothethingswe'veboughtorfoundinourtravelsfallinto?Further,what's

36behindourneedtobringhomesouvenirs?

Overtime,intellectualcuriositybecamethedriving37forpersonaltravel.Yetevenastravelersbegan

collectinghistoricalandscientificsouvenirs,notjustreligiousitems,thethingstheybroughthomestoodforfeelings

forholyobjects.

Scholars38thesesouvenirsintodifferentbuckets,including“markers”(locationbrandeditemslike

T-shirtsandteacups),"pictorialimages”(postcardsandposters),and,39landmarks"(forexample,Statue

ofLibertykeychains),withthelattertwocategoriessymbolizing,thoughnotexclusiveto,masstourism.

Intheend,“Souvenir“suggeststhatitsmeaningisnotfixedbecauseitsimportancetotheownercanchange

overtimeandthatitssignificanceiscloselyrelatedtothetraveler'sidentity.Mr.Pottshimselfhashadplentyof

souvenirs,thingsthatremindhimnotmerelyoftheplaceshe'sbeenandtheextraordinary40between

himandlocalpeople,butofformerlifephases.4tWhenwecollectsouvenirs,hewrites,4Cwedosonottoevaluatethe

world,buttotelltheseIf.^^

【答案】31.F32.B

33.D34.1

35.C36.A

37.K38.G

39.J40.H

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主題是紀念品背后的深層含義。它的意義不是固定的，因為它對主人的重

要性會隨著時間的推移而改變，它的重要性與旅行者的身份密切相關(guān)。

[31題詳解】

考查動詞。句意：這只是我們做的事情，讓我們自己熟悉這個世界，它的可能性，以及我們在其中的位置。

分析句子，本句中涉及短語awaytodo（一個做某事的方式），可知本空填動詞原形。結(jié)合句意“讓我們自

己熟悉這個世界”可知familiarize（使…熟悉）符合句意。故選F項。

【32題詳解】

考查動詞。句意：我們中很少有人會自稱為收藏家，但大多數(shù)旅行者都會在度假時帶上一個貝殼，或者帶

上鑰匙鏈。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，but連接轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句。本句主語是mosttravelers,設(shè)空處為本句謂語動詞。

根據(jù)前面的“call”可知句子時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語動詞為動詞原形。“pocket”把...

放進衣袋，符合語境。故選B項。

[33題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：正如波茨先生在一本名為《紀念品》的書中所指出的那樣，這種看似簡單的做法遠遠不

像人們初看到的那么簡單。前面是As引導的定語從句，本句therebe結(jié)構(gòu)是主句，結(jié)合句意，這不僅僅是

看似簡單的做法。seemingly副詞修飾形容詞simple這個形容詞作狀語。故選D項。

【34題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：首先，它可以追溯到最古老的旅程，因此這是一種可以追溯到幾千年前的習慣做法。

分析句子，so引導的句子中主語是it,be動詞后面的名詞practice（做法）是句子表語，設(shè)空處應填入形容

詞作定語修飾practice,結(jié)合句意“習慣做法”可知，customary（習慣的）符合語境。故選I項。

【35題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：學術(shù)研究人員已經(jīng)將紀念品一一甚至是大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的項目一比如“我愛紐約”T恤衫

和米開朗基羅的大衛(wèi)的塑料微縮畫——分類為不同的類別，可能很多旅行者都不知道。分析句子，設(shè)空處

后面的名詞“items”（商品，項目）前面缺修飾詞，根據(jù)句意“大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的項目”可知mass-produced（大

量生產(chǎn)的）符合語境。故選C項。

36題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：此外，我們帶紀念品回家的真正原因是什么？分析句子，本句是what引導的特殊疑問句，

結(jié)合句意，設(shè)空處填genuinely（真正地）作狀語修飾be動詞。故選A項。

【37題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：隨著時間的推移，好奇心成為個人旅行的動力。分析句子，intellectualcuriosity是句子主

語,此空在be動詞之后作整個句子表語,driving（起推動作用的）作它的定語，結(jié)合句意“驅(qū)動力”,motivation

（動機）符合語境。故選K項。

【38題詳解】

考查動詞。句意：學者們將這些紀念品分成不同的桶，包括“標記”（T恤衫和茶杯等帶有地點標志的物品）、

“圖像”（明信片和海報）和“象征性地標”（如自由女神像鑰匙鏈），后兩類雖然不是唯一的象征性地標，

大眾旅游。分析句子，本句主語是Scholars,此空作謂語，根據(jù)后面的“"markers”“pictorialimages"and”

landmarks"”可知這是紀念品的分類。group將...分類，符合語境。故選G項。

【39題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意同上。分析句子，此空后的“l(fā)andmarks"和“markers”以及apictorialimagesM并列作介

詞into的賓語，本空修飾landmarks作定語，結(jié)合句意“象征性地標”可知，symbolic（象征性的）符合語

境。故選J項。

【40題詳解】

考查名詞。句意；波茨先生自己也有很多紀念品，這些紀念品不僅讓他想起他去過的地方和他與當?shù)厝酥?/p>

間不同尋常的邂逅，還讓他想起以前的生活階段。根據(jù)此空后面的“betweenhimandlocalpeople,"，再結(jié)

合句意“不同尋常的邂逅"，可知encounter（邂逅）符合語境。故選H項。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Researchershavefoundthaturbanheatislandeffectmadeworsebysunbakedroadscanberelievedbyasimple

measure:Paintthestreetsgray.

AstudybyArizonaStateUniversityfoundthat41areflective,gray-coloredmaterialtoblackasphalt

（柏油）resultedina10.5-to-12-degreeFahrenheitdropinaverageroadsurfacetemperatures.Meanwhile,sunrise

temperatures42anaverage2.4-degreedrop.

“Thisisexactlywhatwewerehopingfdr,“PhoenixMayorKateGallegosaid."It'sexcitingtoseeatechnology

thathasthepotentialtomeetthedemandsofagrowingdesertcityinaworldwheretemperatures

are43rising.”

ExpertssayroadtemperaturesinthePhoenixareacanriseto180degreesonahotday.That44energy

remainsinpavedsurfacesforhours,radiatingheatbackintonighttimeair.Higherovernighttemperaturesresultin

warmermornings,creatinga45ofurbanheatislandeffect.

Researchersfoundaswellthatthegreatesttemperature46wasneartheroadsurface,withlessdramatic

results6feetabovetheground.Evenso,theneighborhoodswithstreetsreflectinglightexperiencedairtemperatures

0.3-to-0.5degreecoolercomparedwithneighborhoodswith47roads.

Butreflectivepavementsdon'taffectallsurfacesthesameway.Researcherssaidthat“themostmeaningful

measurement“wasofradianttemperatures,ameasureofhowthebody18heat.Thosemeasurements

showedthatthe“humanexperienceofheat49atnoonandtheafternoonhourswashigherduetosurface

reflectivity."It'sbeennotedthattheincreasein50temperatures4tmaybeanecessaryirade-ojf（妥胡、）

toreducesurfacetemperaturesusingareflectivesurface.”

HeatherMurphy,aspokespersonfortheTransportationDepartment,saidtheresponsehasbeen

51fromdriversandresidentsinneighborhoodswherethematerialisapplied.ktWehavehadsomepeople

whodon'tlikethelookofit,butgenerallytheresponsehasbeenvery52

Still,officialscautionedthatreflectivepavementisnotaremedyfortheurbanheatislandeffect.

“Ifyou'restandingoverthesesurfacesonahotday,53,you'restillgoingtobehotifyou'renotin

theshade,“saidJenniferVanos,anassistantprofessoratArizonaStateUniversity.tuSoifwereallywantto

54truesolutions,ifsnotgoingtobejustpaintingallthestreetsgray.”

Asecondphaseofthestudywillexaminequestionsabouthowthematerialperformsunder

different55,includingchangesinreflectivity,degradationandsubsurfacetemperatureoverlonger

periods.

41.A.applyingB.stickingC.approachingD.contributing

42.A.occurredB.provedC.turnedD.saw

43.A.efficientlyB.constantlyC.technicallyD.specifically

44.A.generatedB.heatedC.absorbedD.calculated

45.A.cycleB.declineC.sampleD.variety

46.A.balanceB.controlC.differenceD.equality

47.A.gray-paintedB.light-coloredC.black-toppedD.dry-surfaced

48.A.reflectsB.transmitsC.resistsD.experiences

49.A.extentB.exposureC.absorptionD.endurance

50.A.feltB.heatedC.storedD.needed

51.A.instantB.all-sidedC.objectiveD.mixed

52.A.optimisticB.positiveC.pessimisticD.obvious

53.A.infactB.asaresultC.ontheotherhandD.foronething

54.A.putdownB.holdupC.pushtow